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ndonesia
in
Seven* Days
by
Michael Bordt
Bordt
and
Liswati Seram
Seram
This document is hereby placed in the public domain and should be photocopied
and given to anyone who can benefit from it. In quoting this book, please include
the authors' names. If it is photocopied, please include this page. This book may not
be sold for profit.
Page 1
Face itwhether you are in Indonesia for one week or for 10 years, it is not only polite and useful to
know a little of the language, in many cases, it is outright necessary. If you don't want to be trapped
at the Hotel Borobudur or restricted to traveling with a translator, you need to be able to communicate with that cheerful, friendly, curious populace out there. This booklet provides one approach to
learning a very basic level of the Indonesian language, Bahasa Indonesia, with no strain.
I have yet to encounter a structured, functional approach to learning Bahasa Indonesia. Phrase
books confront the linguistic novice with a barrage of special purpose phrases (Is the play a comedy or a tragedy?). They are often badly organized into social situations (going to the market, at
customs) where you are likely to have neither the time nor the inclination to be fumbling around
with a silly little phrase book even if you did bring it with you, which is highly improbable. With
these books, you can either memorize several hundred phrases that may or may not have an application. Or you can keep the book in your pocket and hope that your fingers are fast enough to find the
phrase for turn left here before the taxi takes you completely out of town in a straight line.
Grammar books and dictionaries, although fine for a long-term study of the language, are even
more of a hindrance in taxis and at the supermarket checkout. Language tapes also have their place
in learning to communicate but this approach requires time and effort to achieve practical results.
What is required for the short-term visitor and even for the newly arrived longer-term expatriates
is a list of common, useful and necessary words and phrases grouped into bite-sized quantities so the
most important ones can be learned and used first.
The most useful phrase book I have found is Indonesian Words and Phrases by the American
Women's Association. It provides some very important basic concepts and I recommend it highly
but no one wants to memorize an entire book the first day in a new country. The following lists of
words, organized by day, should help you to get through your first week while you are making plans
for more extensive language training.
Optional words in the following vocabulary tables are provided in square brackets and corre[morning | day | afternoon |
spond between columns (for example, [pagi | siang | sore | malam]
evening]; pagi is morning, etc.). Fill-in-the-blank words (...) may be substituted from any handy
phrase book or the word list in Appendix 3..
The appendices include a guide to pronunciation, help with finding words in the dictionary and a
short essential word list.
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
Vocabulary Day 3.
Dari mana?
Page 5
Page 6
Page 7
kiosk
mall
massage
meter
monument
museum
music
number
office
OK
oven
paper clip
pen
pencil
pension
photo
photocopy
pizza
police
radio
restaurant
roast beef
salad
same
school
sex
shopping
staple
steak
stop
stop
strawberry
supermarket
taxi
tea
telephone
tennis
ticket
to park
toilet
TV
university
video
Page 8
Vocabulary Day 7.
Tidak apa-apa.
Maaf.
Permisi.
Hati-hati!
Awas!
[Jam | pukul] berapa?
[Jam | Pukul] ...
Tolong, bawa ...
Satu lagi.
Tambah lagi?
Habis.
Minta bon.
Page 9
Page 10
Vowels
Spelling
Example
Description
a
e
e
i
o
u
apa
bcak
ke, empat
pagi, itu
kopi
susu
Diphthongs
Spelling
Example
ai
au
oi
oe
ua
pandai
tembakau
amboi
Soeharto
uang
bawah
c
d
bicara
duduk
dj
f
g
h
j
j
djarum
foto
garpu
hari
jalan
djaja
Description
somewhere between pay and pie
like ow in now
like oy in boy
old spelling, still used in names, pronounced as oo in food
like wa in Walla-walla, Washington
Description
same as b in bungle but spoken more softly. At the end of a
word may be more of a soft p.
similar to ch in church
like d in bed. At the end of a word may sound more like a
soft t
old spelling still used in names, pronounced like j in jump
like f in fan
like g in dog
similar to h in hope
like j in jump
old spelling still used in names, like y in yard. Look for other
old spelling clues in the name (like oe, dj)
Page 11
kabar
kh
l
m
n
ny
ng
ngg
p
q
akhir
lima
minta
nama
nyamuk
dengan
tunggu
pukul
kiri
s
t
selamat
tujuh
tj
v
w
x
y
z
Tjoakroaminoto
visa
awas
yang
zat
Description
like k in kite when not at the end of a word. At the end of a
word, pronounced like a soft g or glottal stop.
like clearing your throat or German ach
similar to l in like
like m in main
like n in noon
like ny in canyon
like ng in singer (not finger, that requires ngg)
like ng in finger (not singer)
similar to p in pool but without the puff of air
is not used much in Indonesian words but does come up in
Arabic words used in Indonesia (for example,, Istiqlal). When
it occurs, qu is pronounced as qu in queen.
like a softly trilled Scottish or German r. Never a hard American, Australian or Canadian r.
similar to s in seven
like t in let but without the plosive quality (it's sometimes
difficult to differentiate between spoken t, p and d)
old spelling still used in names, pronounced like ch in church
rarely used, like v in visa but softer
between w in wane and v in vane
not used. In foreign words, often replaced with ks as in taksi.
like y in you
like z in zone, often replaced with, and pronounced like s
Page 12
Example
Root
Explanation
bel
ber
belajar
berada
ajar
ada
be
di
ke
me, pe
per..an
se
ter
bepergian
ditutup
kerajinan
pergi
tutup
rajin
pertanian
sebulan
terbuka
tani
bulan
buka
Example
Root
Description
besaran
menjauhi
memburukan
duduklah
akhirnya
besar
jauh
buru
duduk
akhir
Drop the an
Drop the i
Drop the kan
Drop the lah
Drop the nya
Suffix
-an
-i
-kan
-lah
-nya
Note that some root words really do begin with what appear to be prefixes: belanja, pergi, beri,
kepala, kelapa, etc. They are usually common words. When in doubt, look up the entire word first.
Page 13
me + nge
me + ngg
me + ngh
me + ngi
me + ngkh
me + ngo
me + ngu
me + nj
me + nsy
me + ny
me + r
me + y
Example
melatih
memasak
mematuhi
membuat
memfokuskan
memproduksi
memperhalus
menamai
menanamkan
mencari
mendatangkan
mengalahkan
mengambil
menganga
mengelakkan
mengetik
menggarap
mengharap
mengikat
mengkhwatirkan
mengolah
mengukur
menjatuhkan
mensyratkan
menyatakan
menyatukan
meramaikan
meyakinkan
Root
latih
masak
patuhi
buat
fokus
produksi
halus
nama
tanam
cari
datang
kalah
ambil
nganga
elak
tik
garap
harap
ikat
khwatir
olah
ukur
jatuh
syrat
nyata
satu
ramai
yakin
Page 14
A
above
address
afternoon
age
air
air conditioning
airport
already
apple
arrive
adv
n
n
n
n
atas
alamat
sor
umur
udara
n
n
adv
n
v
A/C
bandar udara
sudah
apel
datang
adj
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
adv
adj
n
n
adj
n
tidak baik
bagasi
pisang
bank
bar
mandi
mandi
kamar mandi
pantai
tempat tidur
daging sapi
bir
bawah
besar
bon
hitam
biru
buku
B
bad
baggage
banana
bank
bar
bath
bathe
bathroom
beach
bed
beef
beer
below
big
bill
black
blue
book
bread
bring
brother
n
v
n
brown
bus
butter
buy
adj
n
n
v
roti
bawa
adik (younger); kakak
(older)
coklat
bis
mentga
beli
n
int
n
adj
n
n
adj
adj
v
v
n
n
adj
v
adj
n
mobil
hati-hati
kursi
murah
ayam
anak
coklat
bersih
cuci
tutup
pakaian
kopi
dingin
masak
matang
cankir
n
n
n
adj
adj
tanggal
hari
siang
mati
kotor
C
car
careful!
chair
cheap
chicken
child
chocolate
clean
clean
close
clothing
coffee
cold
cook
cooked
cup
D
date
day
daytime
dead
dirty
Page 15
n
n
v
n
n
dokter
pintu
minum
air putih
sopir
ice
it
key
knife
v
adj
adv
v
n
n
v
adj
makan
kosong
cukup
masuk
jalan/pintu masuk
jalan/pintu keluar
keluar
mahal
learn
left
let's go!.
letter
light
like
like (=as)
look
look for
lost (person)
lost (things)
n
adj
n
n
n
n
v
n
adj
adj
n
prep
n
adj
bapak
habis
api
ikan
toko makanan
kaki
lupa
garpu
segar
gorng
nasi gorng
dari
buah
penuh
v
v
n
v
v
v
v
adj
v
v
adj
beri
kasih
gelas
pergi
turun
pulang
masuk
bagus, baik
keluar
naik
hijau
adv
n
adj
v
pron
n
v
v
n
adj
n
v
n
adv
adv
adv
adj
n
setengah
tangan
senang
punya
dia
kepala
dngar
tolong
rumah sakit
panas
hotl
jam
rumah
berapa
berapa
ratus
sakit
suami
pron
saya
E
eat
empty
enough
enter
entrance
exit
exit
expensive
F
father
finished
fire
fish
food store
foot
forget
fork
fresh
fried
fried rice
from
fruit
full
G
give
give
glass
go
go down
go home
go in
good
go out
go up
green
H
half
hand
happy
have
he
head
hear
help
hospital
hot
hotel
hour
house
how many
how much
hundred
hurt
husband
IJK
I
s
dia
kunci
pisau
v
adv
int
n
n
v
adv
v
v
adj
adj
belajar
kiri
ayo
surat
lampu
suka
seperti
lihat
cari
tersesat
hilang
n
n
n
n
adj
pron
n
n
n
adv
n
n
n
n
adv
n
n
n
pembantu
laki-laki
pria
pasar
kawin
saya
daging
obat
susu
juta
minit
Pak, bapak
uang
bulan
lagi
ibu
Ibu
musium
n
adj
n
int
adj
adv
adv
n
surat kabar
bagus
malam
tidak
berisik
bukan
belum
nomor
n
v
n
n
kantor
buka
jeruk
air jeruk
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
adv
kertas
taman
orang
piring
Saya minta...
polisi
kantor polisi
kantor pos
perangko
cepat
M
maid
man
man
market
married
me
meat
medicine
milk
million
minute
Mister
money
month
more
mother
Mrs.
museum
N
newspaper
nice
night
no
noisy
not
not yet
number
O
office
open
orange
orange juice
PQ
paper
park
person
plate
please give me
police
police station
post office
postage stamp
quickly
Page 16
R
rain
red
remember
restaurant
restaurant
rice
n
adj
v
n
n
n
right
ripe
room
adv
adj
n
hujan
merah
ingat
restoran
rumah makan
nasi (cooked); beras
(uncooked)
kanan
matang
kamar
S
sand
salt
same
see
shop
shower
shower
sick
sister
n
n
adv
v
v
n
v
adj
n
sleep
small
soap
speak
spoon
station
stomach
store
street
study
sugar
swim
swimming pool
v
adj
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
v
n
pasir
garam
sama
lihat
belanja
mandu
mandi
sakit
adik (younger); kakak
(older)
tidur
kecil
sabun
bicara
sndok
stasiun
perut
toko
jalan
belajar
gula
berenang
kolam renang
n
n
n
n
adv
v
prep
adv
n
n
adv
n
n
v
mja
taksi
th
tlepon
ribu
jam
ke
hari ini
kamar kecil
tisu
bsok
handuk
kerta api
jalan-jalan
n
v
payung
pakai
n
v
v
v
v
adj
v
int
sayur
tunggu
bangun
jalan kaki
mau
hangat
cuci
awas
T
table
taxi
tea
telephone
thousand
time
to
today
toilet
toilet paper
tomorrow
towel
train
travel
U
umbrella
use
VWXYZ
vegetable
wait
wake
walk
want (to)
warm
wash
watch out!
Page 17
n
pron
v
n
n
n
n
adj
n
adj
int
adv
pron
air
kita
pakai
minggu
putih
isteri
wanita
salah
tahun
kuning
ya
kemarin
anda
Kembali.