IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 06 | December 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip

Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band
Application
Bhavana Sharma
M. Tech. Student
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Haryana Engg. College, Jagadhari, Kurukhshtrya University,
Haryana, India

Miss Bhanisha Verma

Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Haryana Engg. College, Jagadhari, Kurukhshtrya University,
Haryana, India

Abstract
In this paper we are presented a small novel monopole wide band microstrip-feed antenna in which the patch is intended with a
L-probe and for dual-band and multi-band application by cutting U-slots on the patch. The first notch is given frequency range
from 5.4-6.0GHz, and the second notch worked on the dual frequency range of 5.0-4.8GHz and 6.0-6.4GHz, 3rd notch has in the
triple band frequency range of 4.8-5GHz, 5.9-6.1GHz and 6.4-6.6GHz with very standard impedance matching.
Keywords: HFSS Simulator, Micro Strip Antenna, U-Slot, L - Probe, High Gain
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

Due to the rapid growth in wireless communication, the need of multiband frequency is raising. Thus, an antenna with multiband
operations is required. Multiband antennas are developed for various wireless applications so that any equipment can employ
several applications. Multiband antenna plays an important part in wireless systems.
Micro strip antennas became very popular in the 1970s primarily for space borne applications. Today they are used for
government and commercial applications. An Antenna (aerial) is considered as a region of transition between a transmission line
and space [8].These antennas consist of a metallic patch on a dielectric substrate base on metallic ground plane [6]. Recently,
micro strip patch antenna has been used in many applications, which has some merits like low fabrications weight and cost, and
operating in high frequency range [1]. At microwave frequencies Micro strip slot antenna becomes very small and light weight
[2]. In spite of these advantages, it has main disadvantages of low efficiency, low Return loss, narrow bandwidth and large micro
strip antenna aperture size [3].
In this paper, a monopole antenna with multiband operations is proposed. This antenna operates on three different resonant
frequencies 4.8GHz, 5.0 GHz, 6.0GHz and 6.4 GHz with bandwidths of 4.8-5.0 GHz, 5.9-6.1 GHz, 6.4-6.6GHz and 6.0-6.4 GHz
respectively. At 4.8 GHz frequency, the antenna is used for military applications like CMOD/CMOV and small satellite earth
stations applications. WLAN band is also covered by the bandwidth provided by the antenna at 4.2GHz. At 6.1 GHz, the antenna
is employed for Terrestrial Microwave applications.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN & METHODOLOGY
In this paper we are presented a patch with U-shape slot with intended a L-probe to generate multiband frequency. In this design
FR-4 substrate.
This antenna makes use of the finite ground plane made up of FR4 epoxy and a dielectric substrate having dielectric constant
4.4. Micro strip antennas, consist of a very thin (t<<0, where 0 is the free-space wavelength) metallic strip (patch) placed a
small fraction of a wavelength (h <<0, usually 0.0030 h 0.050) above a ground plane. For a rectangular patch, the length
L of the element is usually 0/3 < L < 0/2[6].
Fig.1. shows the top and the bottom view of the multi band antenna. The radiating patch is placed on a FR4 substrate material.
The substrate has the dimensions of 40 40 1.6 mm3 and dielectric constant of 4.4. For the perfect impedance matching or 50 characteristics impedance, by using coaxial feeding.

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A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band Application
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 06 / 019)

(a)

(b)
(c)
Fig. 1: Front view (a), (b), (c) of Proposed Multiband Antenna.

The calculation of dimensions can be obtained by the following formulae:

W= (2/(( +1)
(1)
From the above formula the operating frequency can be calculated by knowing the width W and vice versa. For efficient
results the effective of the dielectric constant considered, whose value is determined [5] by formula given below:
(2)
Substituting r=2.2, W=40mm and h=0.024mm then, reff= 2.1414. The dimensions are shown in Table I. Simulation results,
using HFSS software.
Table - 1
Dimensions of proposed antenna (UNIT: mm)
Antenna W
L W L
a
b
c
d
A
40 40 18 22
B
40 40 18 22 10.8 7.5 10.8 10
Antenna W
L W L
a
b
c
d
C
40 40 18 22 10.8 7.5 10.8 10

u
0.8
b
3.5

III. SIMULATION RESULTS

The Multiband Monopole Antenna is designed using HFSS tool. Its user friendly software that has most accurate results. HFSS
provides facility to study several antenna parameters like Return Loss, VSWR, Smith Chart and Radiation Pattern. These antenna
parameters of proposed antenna are also studied in this paper. These are employed to measure the performance of an antenna. It
works efficiently on three different frequencies
The antenna should have a characteristic impedance of 50- for perfect impedance matching. When the impedance at
generator is not same as impedance at load, the impedance mismatching occurs. Due to this, the reflections are produced at the
load side and travel from load to generator. This is measured by the return loss. It is found that antenna works efficiently at 4.8
GHz, 5.9 GHz and 6.1 GHz with the bandwidth of 4.8-5.1 GHz, 5.9-6.1 GHz and 6.1-6.4 GHz respectively. The Multiband
antenna has the return loss of -20.58 dB at 4.8GHz, -15.54 dB at 5.9 GHz and -30.3 dB at 6.1 GHz.

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A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band Application
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 06 / 019)
XY Plot 1

HFSSDesign1

0.00

XY Plot 1

ANSOFT

HFSSDesign1

0.00

Curve Info

ANSOFT

Curve Info
dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep

dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep

-5.00

-10.00

-10.00

dB(S(1,1))

dB(S(1,1))

-5.00

-15.00

-15.00

-20.00

-20.00

-25.00

-25.00

-30.00

-30.00
1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

1.00

10.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

Freq [GHz]

Freq [GHz]

(a)

(b)
XY Plot 1

HFSSDesign1

0.00

ANSOFT

Curve Info
dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep

-5.00

-10.00

dB(S(1,1))

-15.00

-20.00

-25.00

-30.00

-35.00
1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

Freq [GHz]

(c)
Fig. 2: Return loss of proposed multiband Antenna

The VSWR should be near to 1 or at least less than 2 for the efficient working of the antenna. The Given Plot Represents the
VSWR in the operating frequency range of the antenna. The above plot represents that the VSWR is less than 2.
XY Plot 2

HFSSDesign1

XY Plot 3

ANSOFT

HFSSDesign1

2.00

2.00

ANSOFT

Curve Info

Curve Info

VSWR(1)
Setup1 : Sw eep

VSWR(1)
Setup1 : Sw eep

1.88
1.80

1.75

1.60
VSWR(1)

VSWR(1)

1.63

1.50
1.40

1.38

1.20

1.25

1.00

1.13
1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00
Freq [GHz]

(a)

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

Freq [GHz]

(b)

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A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band Application
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 06 / 019)
XY Plot 2

HFSSDesign1

ANSOFT

2.00

1.75

Curve Info

1.50

VSWR(1)
Setup1 : Sw eep

VSWR(1)

1.25

1.00

0.75

0.50

0.25

0.00
4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50
Freq [GHz]

6.00

6.50

7.00

(c)
Fig. 3: VSWR of proposed multiband Antenna

The radiation pattern is presented with the body of the antenna so as to represent the major and minor lobe clearly. The values
of the different antenna parameters obtained after the simulation has been shown below:

(a)

(b)

(c)
Fig. 4: Represents the directivity of the proposed multiband antenna

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A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band Application
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 06 / 019)

Antenna Gain
Antenna gain is calculated by directivity divided by efficiency of antenna. The variation in gain of antenna at different frequency
should be less
XY Plot 3

HFSSDesign1

XY Plot 2

ANSOFT

HFSSDesign1

10.00

10.00

5.00

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='0deg'

-0.00

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='90deg'

ANSOFT

Curve Info

Curve Info

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='0deg'

5.00

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='90deg'

0.00

-5.00

dB(GainTotal)

dB(GainTotal)

-10.00

-15.00

-5.00

-10.00

-20.00

-25.00

-15.00
-30.00

-20.00

-35.00
-200.00

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00
Theta [deg]

50.00

100.00

150.00

-200.00

200.00

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00
Theta [deg]

(a)

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

(b)
XY Plot 3

HFSSDesign1

10.00

ANSOFT

Curve Info
dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='0deg'

5.00

dB(GainTotal)
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
Freq='5GHz' Phi='90deg'

dB(GainTotal)

0.00

-5.00

-10.00

-15.00

-20.00
-200.00

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00
Theta [deg]

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

(c)
Fig. 5: Gain of the proposed multiband antenna

The impedance bandwidths and Gain are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2
Simulated Impedance Bandwidth and Gain
Antenna Simulated Frequency (GHz) Antenna Gain (dB)
a
5.42-6.02
7.98
4.78-4.99
b
9.26
6.09-6.52
4.81-5.00
c
5.94-6.10
9.34
6.40-6.60

IV. CONCLUSION
The U-slot patch antenna is mainly known for its wideband characteristics. In this letter, we show that, by combining with an Lprobe feed, the use of U-slots can also yield dual- and multiband characteristics. At each frequency, VSWR < 2 shows a better
impedance matching. The presented antenna can be used for WLAN, Satellite and Military Applications. The radiation
parameters like Return loss, VSWR and Radiation Pattern at 4.8GHz, 5.9 GHz, and 6.1 GHz are a lso measured.

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A Novel Compact Rectangular Micro Strip Monopole Antenna with U and L Slot for C-Band Application
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 06 / 019)

REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]

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Zareen Aijaz and S.C.Srivastava An Introduction of Aperture Coupled Micro strip Slot Antenna, International Journal of Engineering Science and
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F. Y. Y. Rahmat-Samii, Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures in Antenna Engineering. United States of America: Cambridge University Press, New York,
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Y. Rahmat-Samii, "EBG Structures for Low Profile Antenna Designs: What Have We Learned?." New York, 2009.
Neenansha Jain, Anubhuti Khare and Rajesh Nema E-Shape Micro strip Patch Antenna on Different Thickness for pervasive Wireless Communication,
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2011.
C.A.Balani, Antenna Theory analysis and design Chapter 14, 3rd Edition, A JOHN WILEY AND SONS, INC., PUBLICATION, 2005.
P. Subbulakshmi, R.Rajkumar, Design and Characterization of Corporate Feed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Array Antenna, IEEE International
Conference on Emerging Trends in Computing, Communication and Nanotechnology (ICECCN 2013).
John D Kraus, Ronald J Marhefka, Ahmad S Khan Antennas and Wave Propagation: Fourth Edition Tata McGraw Hill, special Indian Edition 2010.
Slot loaded Electromagnetically Coupled Microstrip Line Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wideband Applications.

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