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Team 03
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04.12.2016
c 1.25
cu 1.40
1.00
Dut to the fact that there are different loads on the building surfaces, in this computation 5
different rafts are considered.
Soil parameters
Fill
Initial data
Design data
Friction angle:
0 30deg
Unit weight:
0 21
kN
Friction angle:
0
0d
24 deg
Unit weight:
0d
m
Density
Clay 1
0 2.78
21
kN
3
kN
3
Initial data
Design data
Friction angle:
1 11.12deg
Unit weight:
1 17.92
kN
3
Friction angle:
1
1d
8.896 deg
Unit weight:
1d
17.92
kN
3
13-week Report
DTU, Course 11080
Advanced Building Design
Team 03
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04.12.2016
cu.1 151.42kPa
cu.1d
Cohesion:
c1 62.43kPa
Cohesion
cu.1
cu
c1d
c1
c
108.157 kPa
49.944 kPa
A B L 1.696 10 m
Bearing capacity of the foundation:
General bearing capacity of the mat foundation will be computed using the equation
proposed by Mayerhof (1963).
13-week Report
DTU, Course 11080
Advanced Building Design
1
2
Where:
- c -cohesion
- q - effective stress at the level of the bottom of foundation
- - unit weight of soil
- B - width of the foundation
- Fcs, Fqs, Fys - shape factors
- Fcd , Fqd , Fyd - depth factors
- Fci, Fqi, Fyi - load inclination factors
- Nc, Nq , Ny - bearing capacity factors
Bearing capacity factors
1d tan 1d
Nq tan 45deg
e
2.233
2
Nc Nq 1 cot 1d 7.88
N 2 Nq 1 tan 1d 1.012
Shape factors
Fcs 1
B Nq 1.119
L Nc
B tan 1.066
1d
L
B
Fs 1 0.4 0.832
L
Fqs 1
Depth factors
Df 10m
Df
B
11
1d 0 1
Fd 1
1 Fqd
Fcd Fqd
1.152
Nc tan 1d
Df
B 1.084
Team 03
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04.12.2016
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Advanced Building Design
Fci 1
1
90deg
Fqi Fci 1
deg
Fi 1
1
1d
1
q u c1d Nc Fcs Fcd Fci q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi B N Fs Fd Fi
2
q u 507.27 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
q act 5.14 cu.1d 1
Df
0.195 B
L
A2 B2 L2 2.202 10 m
Bearing capacity factors
1d tan 1d
Team 03
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04.12.2016
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DTU, Course 11080
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Shape factors
B2 Nq2
1.099
Nc2
L2
B2
Fqs2 1
tan 1d 1.055
L2
B2
Fs2 1 0.4
0.86
L2
Fcs2 1
Depth factors
Df 10m
Df
B2
11
1d 0 1
Fd2 1
1 Fqd2
Fcd2 Fqd2
1.146
Nc2 tan 1d
Df
1.08
B2
deg
Fci2 1
1
90deg
Fqi2 Fci2 1
deg
Fi2 1
1
1d
1
q u2 c1d Nc2 Fcs2 Fcd2 Fci2 q Nq2 Fqs2 Fqd2 Fqi2 B2 N2 Fs2 Fd2 Fi2
2
q u2 495.757 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
0.195 B2
L2
Df
Team 03
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04.12.2016
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A3 B3 L3 207.726 m
B3 Nq3
1.083
Nc3
L3
B3
Fqs3 1
tan 1d 1.046
L3
B3
Fs3 1 0.4
0.883
L3
Fcs3 1
Depth factors
Df 10m
Df
B3
10
1d 0 1
Fd3 1
1 Fqd3
Fcd3 Fqd3
1.119
Nc3 tan 1d
D 1
f
tan
1.066
B3
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deg
Fci3 1
1
90deg
Fqi3 Fci3 1
deg
Fi3 1
1
1d
1
q u3 c1d Nc3 Fcs3 Fcd3 Fci3 q Nq3 Fqs3 Fqd3 Fqi3 B3 N3 Fs3 Fd3 Fi3
2
q u3 476.703 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
0.195 B3
L3
Df
A4 B4 L4 211.197 m
Bearing capacity factors
1d tan 1d
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Shape factors
B4 Nq4
N 1.084
L4 c4
B4
Fqs4 1
tan 1d 1.046
L4
B4
Fs4 1 0.4
0.881
L4
Fcs4 1
Depth factors
Df 10m
Df
B4
10
1d 0 1
Fd4 1
1 Fqd4
Fcd4 Fqd4
1.128
Nc4 tan 1d
D 1
f
tan
1.071
B4
deg
Fci4 1
1
90deg
Fqi4 Fci4 1
deg
Fi4 1
1
1d
1
q u4 c1d Nc4 Fcs4 Fcd4 Fci4 q Nq4 Fqs4 Fqd4 Fqi4 B4 N4 Fs4 Fd4 Fi4
2
q u4 481.301 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
Df
0.195 B4
L4
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04.12.2016
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A5 B5 L5 475.2 m
B5 Nq5
1.021
L5 Nc5
B5
Fqs5 1
tan 1d 1.012
L5
B5
Fs5 1 0.4
0.97
L5
Fcs5 1
Depth factors
Df 10m
Df
B5
10
1d 0 1
Fd5 1
1 Fqd5
Fcd5 Fqd5
0.961
Nc5 tan 1d
D 1
f
tan
0.978
B5
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deg
Fci5 1
1
90deg
Fqi5 Fci5 1
deg
Fi5 1
1
1d
1
q u5 c1d Nc5 Fcs5 Fcd5 Fci5 q Nq5 Fqs5 Fqd5 Fqi5 B5 N5 Fs5 Fd5 Fi5
2
q u5 386.341 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
Df
0.195 B5
L5
Axialforcefromthemainbuildingfordifferentcombination
Combinations
1
2
3
4
Axialforce,
N[MN]
960.954
1063.66
873.595
qb
q des
FEd
A
627.263 kPa
1.237
966.962
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Team 03
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04.12.2016
The capacity of the soil is excedeed by 23% therefore piled raft foundation are considered for
main building.
With the current preliminary design, in a simplified manner it is considered the same load for all
the columns which belongs to the parking extension of the basement. The maximum axial force
obtained from the design combination is presented bellow.
Axialforcefromtheparkingextensionfordifferentcombination
Combinations
1
2
3
4
Axialforce,
N[kN]
1304.15
1421.57
1185.59
1327.29
Totalaxial
forceN[kN]
76764.78
5686.28
5686.28
17058.84
Totalloadoverthe Bearingcapacity
ofsoil,q[kPa]
surfaceqd [kPa]
495.76
35.90
476.70
26.72
481.30
26.31
33.14
386.34
qd/q[%]
7.24
5.61
5.47
8.58
From above table can be seen that the capacity of the soil is much higher than required, another
option is also considered here.
At this point in the project, a suggested footing of 1.8x1.8 m will be computed.
A6 B6 L6 3.24 m
B6 Nq6
1.283
L6 Nc6
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B6
tan 1d 1.157
L6
B6
Fs6 1 0.4
0.6
L6
Fqs6 1
Depth factors
The depth of foundation measured from the ground surface is taken as 2 m.
Df 2m
Df
B6
10
1d 0 1
Fd6 1
Df
tan
B6
1.111
1 Fqd6
Fcd6 Fqd6
1.201
Nc6 tan 1d
Fci6 1
1
90deg
Fqi6 Fci6 1
deg
Fi6 1
1
1d
1
q u6 c1d Nc6 Fcs6 Fcd6 Fci6 q Nq6 Fqs6 Fqd6 Fqi6 B6 N6 Fs6 Fd6 Fi6
2
q u6 606.39 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
0.195 B6
L6
1 0.4
959.593 kPa
B6
Df
Team 03
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04.12.2016
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N 1421.57kN
p column
p column
Check :
q des6
Team 03
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N
A6
438.756 kPa
0.724
Isolated footing are more economical in this case and at this point they will be prefered instead
of a mat foundation. Also in this case the shape of the raft foundation for the main building is
changed to a more economical one, the shape is presented in the figure bellow.
A7 1435m
B7 Nq7
1.136
L7 Nc7
B7
Fqs7 1
tan 1d 1.075
L7
Fcs7 1
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B7
Fs7 1 0.4
0.808
L7
Depth factors
Df 2m
Df
B7
11
1d 0 1
Fd7 1
Df
tan
B7
3.996
1 Fqd7
Fcd7 Fqd7
6.424
Nc7 tan 1d
deg
Fci7 1
1
90deg
Fqi7 Fci7 1
deg
Fi7 1
1
1d
1
q u7 c1d Nc7 Fcs7 Fcd7 Fci7 q Nq7 Fqs7 Fqd7 Fqi7 B7 N7 Fs7 Fd7 Fi7
2
3
q u7 2.873 10 kPa
Considering the undrained condition of the soil:
0.195 B7
L7
Df
N 1063.66MN
Team 03
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04.12.2016
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p building
Check :
p building
q des6
N
A7
Team 03
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04.12.2016
741.226 kPa
1.222
Even the capacity of the soil is execeeded, the second solution show a better behaviour in the
second case. The rigidity factor of the raft is not computed since the raf foundation is not a
accepted as solution, further in desing, a piled rafted foundation is considered.
Shaft resistance:
cu ( z) ( 4.8221 z 69.446)kPa
Undrained shear strength at the bottom of raft foundation:
cu ( 0 ) 69.446 kPa
cu ( 50) 310.551 kPa
For the pile cap dimensions are kept the same as the one from the second raft design.
Bpc B7 26.83 m
Lpc L7 55.84 m
As for pile dimensions, the following dimensions are chosen:
Lpile 20m
Dpile 1.2m
Apile
Dpile
4
2
2
1.131 m
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Shaft resistance
The effective vertical stress is given by:
z 0 20
v0( z) ( 0.1331 z 7.4584)kPa
cu ( z) ( 4.8221 z 69.446)kPa
Checking for behaviour:
cu ( 0 )
v0( 0 )
11
cu ( 60)
11
v0( 60)
c ( z) 0.25
u
( z) 0.5
v0( z)
f ( z) ( z) cu ( z)
Shaft resistance: Qs
20
As f ( z) dz 46.28 MN
Qs
Qsd
32.364 MN
s
Base resistance:
For the base resistance:
Nc 9
Qb
Qbd
1.181 MN
b
Utilization ratio:
Nmax
Qd 32
100 % 0.991
Nmax
31.709
Qd
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For simplication of the pile distribution the length of the cap are considered as:
Lc 55.8m
Bc 26.8m
Spacing assumption:
d 5 Dpile 6 m
Lc 2 dedge
17
d min
n L1 floor
Lc 2 d edge
d l
nL 1
7.6 m
Bc 2 d edge
8
d min
d b
Bc 2 d edge
nB 1
Number of piles:
n piles n L n B 32
Check:
8.1 m
Cheking: Check if Nmax Qgroup.d "Piles are not sufficient" "Piles can carry the load"
Check "Piles can carry the load"
Study of the pile group as a single block of piles
Shaft resistance:
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20
Asg f ( z) dz 1.969 10 MN
Qsg
Qsgd
1376.99 MN
s
Base resistance:
Area of the tip: Apg
2
n L 1 dl Dpile n B 1 d b Dpile 1397.76 m
9
Qb
3
Qbgd
1.459 10 MN
b
Qgd
n piles Qd
Team 03
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04.12.2016