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    Solidworks Cosmos Works

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    162 просмотров177 страниц

    Solidworks Cosmos Works

    Загружено:

    linhcdt3
    Solidworks Cosmos Works

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 177
    SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks *pAO CHI LANG-DCL* [NNNENNINIET) SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* A. Co sé cila cac phan tich Pn nay cung cp cdc co si thuyét cin thiét st dung COSMOSWorks, gia thich vé ong viée phan tich, nhiing gid thiét oo sé va dur dodin két qua. Phan nay cling m6 té tm tat cach thire thu hién cae phan tich Ban khong nén quyét dinh cdc van d8 v8 thiét ké ma chi dura don thudn vao cde k&t qua tinh todn cba COSMOSWorks. Hay ding cdc két qua nay két hop w6i dir liéu thc rnghiém va kinh nghiém thyc tién. Chi od thurc nghiém moi lam cho thiét ké ca ban ob higu lye. COSMOSWorks gidip ban tit kiém thoi gian va chi phi bang cach gidm s6 wong thure nghiém chiy khéng loai bé thure nghiem. Ching ta 86 thao ludn v8 nhimg vin a8 sau: Phan tich tinh tuyén tinh Ki ngoai Iue téc dong lén mot vat, vat nay sé bi bién dang va lye sé truyén qua toan bo vat. Ngoai luc sé lam sinh ra (rng luc va phan le d& dua vat tré lai trang thai can bang. ‘Cc nghién ciru tinh tuyén tinh 88 tinh todn ed chuyén vi, site cag, tng sudt va phan lye due’ téc dng cba ngoai luc. Cc nghin civu tinh tuyén tinh thurc hign dy trén cc gid thiét sau: Gia thiét tinh: Tat od cdc luc tc dong cham va ting dn cho t6i Khi dat di cudng a. Sau khi dat dii cudng d6, luc s& git? khong déi theo thd’ gian. Gid thiét nay cho phép ta 6 qua cdc lye quan tinh va giam chén do khi gia téc va van tbe nhé thi céc lve nay 18 khong dang ké. ‘Trudmng hep cc lye tée dong thay 48i theo thy gian, c6 thé gy nan ede lye quan tinh hod giam chain Idn, ta phai tinh todn trong céc phan tich dong. Cac tai dong thay di theo thd’ gian va trong nhiu truréng hop gay nén cdc lye quan tinh hodic giém ch&n lon kkhOng thé bé qua thi khdng dp dung gia thiét tinh duoc. Luu y: + Mie an 6p dung ne aia thiét tinh duoc hay khdng la rét quan trong, Wy do la mot ti dOng 06 thé sinh ra img sudt kin gp 1/(2x) fn ti hh véi cing cudng do, & day, x 12 he s6 giam chdn. Voi cu tric ft gidm chén, vi du v6i 5% gam chén, (ing suat dong sé In gp 10 lan cng suat tinh. Trxteng hop xdu nnhAt2 cOng hurdng, [1] + Ban 06 thé cling cdc phan tich tinh 68 tinh toan phan tng cia cdu tric mot vat ‘quay vei t6c dé khong 46 hod di chuyén thang v6i gia tbc Khong di, do ive ‘quén tinh sinh ra khéng di theo thai gian. [EEE souiworks-cosmoswors *DAO CHILANG-Dcl* « Ban 6 thé ding ede modul phan tich Dynamic Response hoc Nonlinear Dynamic, o6 trong cac sin phém COSMOS kha, 8 tinh todn cdc cu trac chiu tai dng. Cac tai dong gém o6 cc lye giao dong, va cham va ngéu nhién. COSMOSWorks 2006 khong 06 nhing modul nay. Gia thiét tuyén tinh: Quan he giv tai va cac dap img sinh ra (chuyén vi, sire céing va ing suat) Ia tuyén tinh. Vi dy, néu ban tang tai gap di, thi cdc dp tng ctia m6 hinh ‘ing tang gp doi. Ban c6 thé thy hién cac phan tich theo gia thiét tuyén tinh néu «Tht ca cdc vat ligu trong m6 hinh tuan theo dinh luat Hooke, ring img suét ty 18 bac nhat vdi sire cng. (Ta biét rang thuc té thi ing suat khong ty 1é bac nhat v6i sire cing, ma chi gn dling nhu vay. Gié thiét nay nm don gian héa tinh {oan va k&t qua khong sai sch dang k8 voi thyrc nghiém), + Cc chuyén vi sinh ra fa di: nhd a bd qua sy thay 46i 46 cimg do ta. (D9 cima, ‘cla mot cu tric phy thud vao hinh dang cla cu tric d6. Khi cu tric chiu tai thi hinh dang cla né sé thay déi, th& hign qua chuyén vi, d6 vong va géc xoay. Nhu’ vay, nhin chung la d9 cimg ia cu true sé thay déi khi chiu tai. Nhung néu tinh todn chi tét dn nhu vay thi bai togn trérnén phuc tap. Gia tit nay nnhm don gian héa bai todn d6i véi nhizng trubng hop cu tric chi 06 nhirng cchuyén vi nhé dui téc dong ngoai lc) + Cégbu kign bin Khbng hay ab eng qua rnh chi ti Tai pha ing nding sb vB ovong a, hurdng 6 phénb6, Ching Khbrg thay i Khim inh 6 bib ang, (Diu kien bidn bao gém tal trong va ed rang bude d6i ws cau tc, nhu ban 8, ngém, nhiétd6... Gia thi8t nay cting nhdm don gian héa tinh todn chi fry 16 khong ben ge shu vy, chung oho thay AB kh mb inh bibn dona) Nhu vay, ta chi dp dung phn tich finh tuyén tinh néu cu trac co vat ligu la tuyén tinh, va tdi chi gay bién dang nho cho cu tric dé. May thay, phan lon cdc bai todn strc ben tenth Bu théa man 26s Kn nay vt. 8 2p dun tinh oan cho phn t6n két cu Mot sé dinh nghia co ban Céc tng lye bén trong vat sé thay dBi tir dim nay d&n dim khdc. Thong qua motdign tich nhd bat ky, lc téc dong tir ban nay sang bén kia dign tich nay. Ung sudt i dal long xac dinh cudng 4 Ung lye nay (Ive trén don vi dién tich). «Stress (Ung ut). Trong mét vat thé lign tuo, ban o6 thé tinh todn ting sua ti mot diém nhu sau: . “Tung trong mot mat phang thy y cét qua vat thé tai diém can tinh tg sual, Xét mat dién lich v6 cing nhé DeltaA bao quanh i8m dé trén mat phing nay, (Sa0 khong cho phep chen ky tu Hy lap nh?) [NINE SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* Goi curtng dé luc truyén qua DeltaA theo mét huréng nao dé Ia Delta, Ung suat theo huéng nay duge tinh bang DettaF/DeltaA khi DetaA tién t6i0. Strain (strc cng). Sic céng 18 ty 18 thay dBi chibu dai d L trén chidu dai ban dau L. Sire cng la dai lung khdng thir nguyén: «+ Chudi tinh todn Cho mot md hinh lui, véi mottap hop cdc chuyén vi bat bude ‘va tai, chuong trinh phan tich tinh tuyén tinh sé tién hanh nhu sau 41.Chuong inh s8 xay dung va giai mét hé cc phuong trinh can bang cua phan ‘tir hu han tuyén tinh dé 06 duoc chuyén vi tai mdi nut. 2.Sau d6, chung trinh sé ding cc kAt qua chuyén vi nay d® tinh ton cdc thanh phan sire céng. 3.Cui cing, chung trinh siz dung cac Két quai sire cng va quan hé tng suat- ‘se cng 6 tinh todn cdc tng sual. Tinh toan ng suat Ung sudttrudc tién duoc tinh ton tal cdo dim da biet, goi fa ode dim Gauss hose ‘Quadrature, ndm trong tng phan ti. Nhiing diém nay duge lua chon dé cho s6 lueng két qua t6i wu. Chuong trinh sé tinh img suat tai cdc nat ca mdi phan ti bang cach ngoai suy cac két qu 06 sn tai cdc diém Gauss. ‘Sau khi chay phan tich thanh cong, ede k&t qué dng sust nt tai mi nit ola moi phan, ‘tr da o¢ trong co’ sé dir liéu. Cac nut chung cla hai hoacnhiéu phan ti sé od nhibu két qua. Néi chung, cdc két qua nay thudng khong giéng nhau do phuong phap phan tir hou han chi ia mét phurong phap gn ding. Vi du, néu mot nit la chung cho ba phan 10, 06 thé o6 ba gid ti Gig sudt hoi khdc nhau cho mdi thanh phan cia tng suat tai nit nay. hi xem cde k&t qua teng sud, ban o6 thé cdin biét cc img sudt phan tir hose cde img ssudt nut. 88 tinh todn cdc Ung suét phdn tW, chong trinh sé tinh trung binh calc gi tr Ung sudt cla cdc nut trong phan tir nay. BE tinh todn cae img suat nit, chuong trinh sé tinh trung binh cdc két qua tong tng cua tBt cd cdc phan tir o6 chung nut d6. [NNNNNET) SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* [1] Co thé hidu céu tric it glam chén cu tric 06 46 cling ving cao va it chiu bién dang dudi tac dong oa ngoai lye. Cau tric nay rat dB bi tn thuong dud’ tée dong ota tai trong dong dit nhd. Vi du: mat ban kinh rat dé vor néu bi mot vat cimg khadc khd nhe roi vao, khi dé, tai trong déng 06 thé Ién gap hang chuc lan trong iuong tinh cia vat ‘oiing, nén di sire lam vir mat ban. B. Thyc hign cdc phan tich tinh hoc 41.8 truy cap hop thoi Study, right-click(1] biéu twong trén ciing cia cay ‘COSMOSWorks Manager va chon Study. Hay xc dinh cdc thudctinh cla nghién cou nay. Click nhan Adaptive dé kich hoat phuong phap h- hod p-adaptive nham ty dong nang cao dé chinh xéc ctia cdc két qu. eR se study Advisor Compare Test Data Run All Studies Update Components For All Studies Create/Edit material library. Options. Ta sé thay cdc thur mucnhur sau & panel ben trai [NINE SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* ‘Bparti SiParameters © @ Study 1 (-Default-) * Solids 48Load/Restraint Design Scenario BContact/Gaps (-Global BMesh Report 2, Gan vat ligu cho tirng solid{2] va shell]: right-click bidu trong ota tirng di tong va chon Define/Edit Material/4}. Teal Pati SiPerameters © Study 1 (-Default-) ® solids 3. Rightcfc thu mic Load/Restrain{s, chon Defined xc inh cc rang bude. Hay igo dly ab ofc rang bude cho ing vat N& hoge thong qua oc Ou Wen top xtc va kt rndi d& len két ching véi cdc di tung khadc hay véi nén. [NNENNNNIET) SouDwoRks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* 4, Xe dinh cdc tai. Ban phai xéc dinh it nhdt mot tai 5. V6i cdc tb hop hoc m6 hinh da khi, hay ding ode thiét lap dibu kin tiép xtc ‘chung, thanh phan va cuc bé dé gid lap su hoat dong cta ma hin. 6. Tao ludi cho mé hinh va chay nghién ctu. Trudi khi chay nghién ctu, ban o6 thé ding cdc tay chon két qua Result Options dé yéu cau tw dong tao ra cdc biéu dé cho toan bé hinh dang mé hinh, Luu y: Néu ban chay mot nghién ctu trade khi tao kr6i cho m6 hinh, chuong trinh sB turd6ng tao Iu6i r6i m6i chey nghién cilu. Ban cling o6 thé yéu cu chay nghién cou ‘bang céch kiém Run analysis after meshing trong bang thudc tinh Mes hing. 7. Xem cic k& qua: + Xem bigu 6 chuyén vi 1 Xem biéu size cing. + Xem biéu db ung subt. 1 Xem biéu 4 phan luc «+ Bé tao bdo co, right-click thu muc Report va chon Define. « Dung cdng cu két qua. Néu ban xd dinh mét phuong phap adaptive, ban o6 thé tao bibu dB Két qua [1] Click nat chudt pha {2] Solid: m6 hinh kn6i dc. {3} Shell: m6 hinh v6 méng, [4] Define/Edit Material: xdc dinh/stra di cdc dc tinh vat liéu [5] Load/Restraint: Tai trong va rang bude C. Dau vao cho cac phan tich tinh tuyén tinh 'Bé thyc hign cic phan tich tinh, ban cn fn lugt thy hign 4 thi tuc sau day: 41. Tao lu6i cho mé hinh. Ban phai tao ludi cho mé hinh trudc khi chay phan tich. Cc diéu kién tiép xtc phai duoc xc dinh truéc khi tao ludi. Méi su thay ddi hinh dang, iu kign tiép xc hodc ty chon loi du cn tao luda 2. Céc thuge tinh vat ligu. + Ban phai xde dinh Modul dan hi Young's Modulus EX. + He 36 Poisson (NUXY) sé dug‘ coi la bang khong, néu khong durge xde dinh. {Thém vo 46, ban ciing can xao dinh khdi luong réng (DENS) néu muén xem xxét tc dng cilia trong trudng va/hodc luc ly tam + cling nhur hé sb gian nhigt (ALPX) néu quan tam dén tai do nhiet 4. [NINE SouDwoRks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* hi ban chon mot vat gu tir cdc thu vign vat ligu cla SolidWorks hog COSMOSWorks, cdc thudctinh nay sé duoc dura vao tw dong. Gid tri mac dinh cia modul c&t Shear (GXY) dugc ty déng tinh todn bang GXY = EX/2(1+NUXY). 1B bn chay, d@ ban nén va do bén kéo durge ding lam tiéu chudn a8 dénh gid a6 ban cia k&t cu. Ching khong dure ding dé tinh todn ing suat. Véi cde vat idu di hhugg[lj, ban 06 thé xa dinhriéng cc modul dan hoi, modul edt, hé s6 Poisson valhodic gidin nhiét theo cdc huéng khdc nhau. 3. Cac rang buée. La cc khéng ché day dii d& ngain khong cho vat chuyén dong cing turdo. Néu mé hinh khong dug rang bude thich hgp, hay ding tly chon Use soft springs to stabilize the model trong hp thoai Static{2]. Khi nhap tai tir ‘COSMOSMotion, hay kiém ty chon Use inertial relief. Nhirng tay chon nay kha dung cho cdc giai thuat Direct Sparse va FFEPlus. 4, Tai, Phai o6 it nhdtmdt trong nhing ki8u t8i sau + Luc tap trung DApeult 2 Cée chuydn wi bat bude khac khong + Cac luctu than (trong lye vathodic ly tam) «+ Nhit (xd¢ dinh nhigt d6 hod lay cdc profile tir cdc phan tich nhiet) + Cac tai nhap tiv COSMOSMotion «+ Nhigt d0 va p suat nhap tir COSMOSFloWorks Luu Ki an tgo mot nghian ctu, hay click Properties trong hap thos! Study db dat dc tuy chon thich hop. Dé stra di cdc thudc tinh cla mét nghién ciru o6 sain, right- lick thuéc tinh dé trong COSMOSWorks Manager va click Properties. 1) Vi dy cde dm beton €4 edt thép ch ybu dt doc theo chidu dai. Kha nding chu tl theo cde hudng Ca nhimng kibu két cu nay hung khong ging nha [21s dy, kndo s8t métthanh thing chiv kd, ta ngh chi cn dat 2 bre & ha du, c8 ewdmg dB bing nhaw mnhung nguge ehibu la di. Sau kh chay xang phn lich, ta gilt minh vi khdng thy m@ hinh da e8, NO da cay titra dén tn ra thin hd il 6 goilb chuyén dong cing tw do. Sao vay nhi? Béi vi dayla chuong tein ti toa gan dung, n6 8 tinh ralacé mot chénh lgch nh gira halve @ hai dbu thanh. Chénh ich rt ahd nay cing &) dB mét thanh i Hing tong chan khéng (ma rng Knéng gian dién ton ma) chay tit Khoi. Nhung ta khang thd rang bude duge thar’ nay vao dau duoc ca, thye tb nb chi chiucé lye ‘kéo ma thoi. BS tanh nhong kat qua mye cud d6, ta pha ding tly chon Use soft springs to stabilize the model, tic neo tam nb bing nding cai 16 xo mém, tac dung bu lai nhirng ch igen, hm {987 nd khéag chay lung tung tong phép tinh gin ding nay. D. Két qua cua cdc phan tich tinh tuyén inh Theo mac dinh, cdc huting X, Y va Z dugc xc dinh theo hé toa dé chung. Néu ban chon mét tham chiéu khac, nhiing huéng nay sé theo déi tugng tham chiéu duoc chon. [NNT] SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* 1. Cc thanh phan chuyén vi + UX = Chuyén vi theo huéing x + UY = Chuyén vi theo huting Y + UZ = Chuyén vi theo huéing Z 2 URES = Chuyén vi tong hop + REX = Phan luc theo huéng X han luc theo huéng Y han luc theo hudng Z + RFRES = Phan lucténg hop 2. Céc thanh phn Ging suat EPSX = Ung suat phdp X EPSY = Ung suat phdp Y EPSZ = Ung suat phap Z GMXY = Suit cing tiép theo huting Y trong mat phing YZ GMXZ ng tiép theo hung Z trong mat phang YZ GMYZ = Stic c3ng tiép theo huéng Z trong mat phang XZ ESTRN = Stic cng tuong duiong SEDENS = Mat 6 nang lugng stit cing ENERGY = Téng ning lung stic cing E1 = Sife cng phédp trong hung chinh thtf nh&t cng phép trong hung chinh thif hai Suic cng phdp trong hung chinh thi ba B Stic cng tuong duong (ESTRN) dugc xéc dinh: ESTRN-2 [(1*8:)3] Saty 6,05 [(EPSX-e"} + (EPSY-«" + EPSZ-<")} 05 ((GMXY)+ (GMXZP-+ (GMYZP) 4 (EPSX + EPSY +EPSZ) /3 3.Céc ting suat phn tif va nat + SX = Ung suat phap x + SY = Ung suat phap Y + SZ = Ung suat phap 2 SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks "DAO CHILANG-DcL* + TXY = Ung suat tiép theo huting Y trong mat phing YZ + TXZ = Ung suat tip theo hung Z trong mat phang YZ + TYZ = Ung suat tiép theo hung Z trong mat phang XZ Cc théng sé duéi day khéng ding tham chiéu: + PI = Ging suat chinh thi nhat (In nhdt) + P2 = Ung suat chinh thi2 + P3 = ding suat chinh thir3 + VON = ding suat von Mises INT = CuBng dé ting suat = P1 - P3 ERR = Léi tiéu chudn nang Iuong (chi cé vdi ting suat phan tu) CP = Ap suat tiép xc Céc ting suat chinh Céc thanh phn ting suat phu thuéc vao huéing ma ching duge tinh todn. Véi mét s6 truc toa d6 quay nao dé, cdc ting sudt tiép (c&t) cb thé bang khéng. Céc ting suat phdp can lai dufgc gol la céc ting suat chinh. Cac huéing lién két véi cdc ting suat chinh dude gol [a cdc hung chinh. Céc ting suat Von Mises hoc cdc (ing sua tung duong Ung sudt von Mises hodc tuding duong [a mét ting suat duoc tinh todn tiv cdc ing suat thanh phn. Mac di ting suat von Mises tai mét nit khéng xéc dinh duy nhat trang thai ing suat tai nut nay, nhung né mang lai théng tin thich hgp dé danh gid mifc d6 an toan cuia thiét ké vét nhiéu loai kim loai déo. khéng nhu cdc ding suat thanh phn, ting suat yon Mises khéng cé huéng. INé chi don thun xéc dinh cuting dé ting suat. Ung suat von Mises duoc diing 48 dinh gid kha n&ng bi phd hry cua cdc kim loai déo Ung sudt von Mises dutc tinh todn ti’ sdu thanh phn ting sudt nhu' sau: VON = {0.5 [(SX -SY)*2 + (SX-SZ)*2 + (SY-SZ)*2] + 3(TXYA2 + TXZA2 + TYZ42)}A(1/2) Hoc tyong dung, tiv ba Ung suat chinh, VON = {0.5 [(P1 - P2)*2 + (P1- P3)*2 + (P2 - P3)*2]}(1/2) SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks _ *DAO CHILANG-DcL* I. Co sd cia vi tao lnét Phép phan tich phn tiy hit han (Finite Element Analysis - FEA) cung cép mét k¥ thuat s6 hda dang tin cay dé phan tich cdc thiét ké ky thuat. Qua trinh nay dugc bat dau véi viéc mé phéng hinh dang hinh hoc ala mé hinh. Sau dé, chuong trinh sé chia mé hinh thanh nhitng phan nhé cé hinh dang don gidn (goi la cdc phan tif) lién két vdi nhau tai cac nut (con goi Ia node). Céc chung trinh phan tich phan tir hifu han xem mé hinh nhu mét mang w6i cdc phan tu riéng ré dugc lién két vét nhau Phuong php phn tt hdtu han (The Finite Element Method - FEM) sé dy doan phan ting cila mé hinh bang cach két hop théng tin cé duc tiy tat c& céc phn tiy tao nén mé hinh nay. Tao luéi la mét buéc cé tinh quyét dinh trong cdc phn tich thiét ké. Qué trinh tao luéi ty’ déng trong COSMOSWorks sinh ra ludi dua trén kich co phn ty chung, mifc sai Iéch va céc dc diém kiém sost ludi. Viéc kiém soat lu6t cho phép ban xéc dinh c@ céc phiin tif cho cic chi tiét may, céc b8 mat, canh va dinh. COSMOSWorks uc lugng cB phan tif chung cho mé hinh véi su luu tam tél thé tich, dién tich bé mat va cdc yéu t6 hinh hoc khdc. C@ ala luéi duc tao ra (s6 nut va phan ti) tly thudc vao hinh dang va kich thuéc mé hinh, cd phan tu, dung sai ludi, ché d6 kiém soat Ivdi va diéu kién tiép xuic. O giai doan dau ala phan tich thiét ké, khi ma cdc két qua gn ding la tam chap han duc, ban cé thé xdc dinh mét c@ phan ti Idn hon dé tinh toan nhanh. \Vét nhiing bai todn cin cé d6 chinh xdc cao, cé thé cn téi c@ phn ti nhd han. Viéc tao lu6i sinh ra cdc phan tif tf dién 3D solid va cdc phn tit tam gidc 2D shell. Ban cé thé sif dung két hgp ca hai kiéu Iudi nay. Cdc phan tly shell dung nhién la phil hgp véi nhiing mé hinh méng (chi tiét tém méng). II. Luéi Solid Trong viéc tao lui mét mé hinh part hoc assembly bang cdc phn tif solid, COSMOSWorks tao ra mét trong cdc kiéu phn tl’ sau, dua trén cdc ty chon lu6t duge kich hoat: + Draft quality mesh. Ty déng tao ra luéi gém cdc phan ti solid tur dién 6 cdc canh thang. [NRNNNNETI) SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* + High quality mesh. Ty déng tao ra lui gém cdc phn ti solid ti dién 6 cdc canh parabol. Cc phn tif canh thang cdn duc goi 1a cdc phiin tu’ bac nhat, hoc cdc phn ti bac thdp. Cac phn th canh parabol cén duoc goi la cdc phan tl bac hai, hoc céc phiin ti bac cao. Céc phan tis tif dién canh thang dugc xéc dinh béi bén diém géc va ndi vdi nhau bing sdu canh thang. Cac phan ti ty’ dién canh parabol dugc xac dinh béi bén diém géc, sdu trung diém canh va sdu canh. Hinh minh hoa nay cho thdy hinh dang ctia cdc phn tt dién solid canh thang va canh parabol. Tiedign cam thing Tit diga cao parabol Néi chung, véi cling mat d6 luéi (clung s6 phin tit), cdc phn ti canh parabol cho céc két qua tét han cdc phin tif canh thang, vi chung mé ta cdc duting bién cong chinh xéc han va ching tao ra cdc xp xi todn hoc tét han. Tuy nhién, cdc phn ti’ parabol déi héi nhiéu tai nguyén cia may tinh han. Véi cc bai toan v8 cfu tric, méi nuit trong mét phn tif solid cé ba bac ty do, dugc hinh dung Ia ba chuyén dng theo cdc hung vuéng adc. COSMOSWorks ding céc huéng X, Y, va Z cla hé toa d6 D8 Cac (Cartesian) dé giai bai todn nay. Véi cdc bai todn v8 nhiét, méi nut chi cé mét bac ty’ do 1a nhiét 6. [NNNNINEET) SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* ‘Cha ¥: Luéi chat Iugng cao chi cn cho nhiing phan tich cudi cling. III. Luéi Shell Khai am Khi ding céc phan tif shell, COSMOSWorks tao ra mét trong nhiing kiéu phan tifsau day, tliy thudc vao cdc tly chon dugc kich hoat trong hdp thoai Mesh Options: + Draft quality mesh. Ty dng tao ra cdc phan tif shell tam gidc canh thang. + High quality mesh. Ty déng tao ra cdc phn tl shell tam gidc canh parabol. Mét phan tif shell tam gidc canh thang duc xdc dinh bei ba diém 6 géc (nuit) va dugc néi véi nhau bang cac canh thang. Mét phan ti shell tam gidc canh parabol duc xdc dinh bdi ba diém 6 géc, ba diém gitfa cdc canh va ba canh Parabol. Véi nhiing nghién cifu dugc thiét [dp vdi tly chon Shell mesh using mid-surface, chiéu day cla phan tt’ duc ty déng lay ra ti chigu day cla mé hinh. ‘6 dat cdc tly chon thich hgp, right-click thy muc Mesh va chon Options. Céc phan tif Shell Id nhiing phn ti 2D cé kha nang chéng lai cc tai trong cng va u6n. SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks "DAO CHILANG-DcL* COSMOSWorks cung cép hai ty chon khi tao cdc nghién cuit shell: + Shell mesh using mid-surfaces. Dung tliy chon nay cho cdc chi tiét ‘tém kim loal méng va cdc chi tiét chi cé mét chiéu day va vat ligu déng nhat. Trong khi tao ludi, COSMOSWorks tao ra cdc phan tif shell trén céc mat trung héa. Chiéu day alia cdc phan tiy dugc ty déng tinh trén cd sd chiéu day cua chi tiét. Tuy chon nay khéng dling dugc v cécmé hinh assembly va cdc mé hinh surface, cing od thé mac I khi tao lt cho céc mé hinh part phiic tap va cdc mé hinh part giao nhau. Hay xem xét ky Iudi dé dim bao né mé td ding mé hinh trudc khi gi Mat trung héa durge tao gitka Face 1 va Face 2 [NRNNNNESI) souDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* + Shell mesh using surface. Tuy chon nay dé ban toan quyén Iva chon cac bé mat nao ma trén dé sé tao lubi cng nhu chiéu day va vat liéu dling cho tling mat. Tuy chon nay cé thé dung cho cdc m6 hinh solid part, assembly va mé hinh surface. Céc phan ttf shell dugc dat trén nhifng b8 mat duoc chon va chiéu day dugc tinh déu sang hai phia cia nhiing bé mat nay. Luu yj: Ban cé thé tao cdc nghién aifu solid va shell ding théi trong cling mét tai ligu bang céch chon kiéu Mixed mesh khi tao nghién atfu nay. N6i chung, két qué tinh todn bing Iuét chat luoing thdp va Iu6i chat lvong cao thuéing xap xi nhau néu ob cling s6 lugng phan tu. Su khdc biét chi r6 rang khi m6 hinh ob nhiing hinh dang cong. F. M6 hinh lui Ban cé thé tao Iué cho mé hinh solid bat ky vét cdc phn tiv tif din. Tuy nhién, tao Iuéi cho nhiing mé hinh méng bang cdc phn tl’ solid sé sinh ra mét 6 lugng rat 1én cdc phn tii, do ban phai ding cdc phan tif cd nho. Viée diing céc phan ti c@ Idn sé lm gidm chat lugng luéi va dan dén sai Iéch cdc kt qua. Lut shell 1a su’ Iya chon tat yéu cho cdc chi tiét vd méng va tm kim loai. Cac mé hinh surface cling chi cé thé Guigc tao lui véi cac phn tit shell. COSMOSWorks tao ra mét Iudi lién tuc trén cdc canh chung gitfa cdc bé mat (toan bé hodc cuc bé). Vi du, hay xem xét hai mé hinh shell trong hinh minh hoa: SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks *DAO CHILANG-DCL* Phan mém tao ra mét ludi tung thich doc theo canh chung va ty ding hgp nhat cdc nut, khéng quan tém dén céc ché a6 kiém sodt ludi va thiét lap. digu kién d6 tigp xc. Néu 43 dp dung ché a6 kiém sodt ludi véi nhting co phn ti khdc nhau, COSMOSWorks sé ding c nhé nhat. SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks “DAO CHILANG-DCL* I. Céc van dé vé mé hinh Iu6i Khi ban tao mét nghién cuiu, ban sé xéc dinh kiéu luét la solid, shell hoc hén hop trén co sé hinh dang hinh hoc ciia mé hinh. 1. Céc nghién cifu thuan shell: + Shell mesh using mid-surfaces. Tuy chon nay chi kha dung véi cdc ‘ai liéu solid part, khéng ding dugc cho cdc assembly. Khi dung tiry chon nay, chung trinh sé ty déng chich xuat ra mat trung héa va gan chiéu day. Chi mét loai vat liéu duy nhat dug gan cho mé hinh part nay. Mat trung héa cla phn ti shell dugc sinh ra tring vét mat rung hoa duc chich xuat. Hay diing tiy chon nay cho cdc chi tiét lam tt tim kim loai méng hoc nhiing chi tiét chi cd mét chigu day. + Shell mesh using surfaces. Tuy chon nay cho phép ban chon cac bé mat dé tao lui, déng théi cho phép ban gan cac chiéu day va vat liéu khac nhau cho méi bé mat. Ban co thé Ip lai thu tucnay nhiéu lan. Cac shell lién ké dugc ty déng gan chat véi nhau. Mat trung hoa cua phn tty shell duc sinh ra tring véi bé mat turong ting dude chon. Dé tg0 ra cc shell, hay chon (cdc) b& mat hoc surface thich hop va chon Define By Selected Surfaces. Dé tao mét shell chung cho tat ca cdc ba mat hodc surface trong mé hinh, right-dlick thy myc Shells va chon Define by All Ref Surfaces. Méi Ian ban tao dugc mét shell, ban chi cé thé chon cdc bé mat thudc cling mét chi tiét may dé tg0 ra mét shell. 2. C4c nghién ctfu luéi hén hgp: Néu ban chon kiéu Mixed mesh khi tao nghién cuiu, ban ob thé phéi hgp cdc phn tu solid (ti dién) vét cdc phn tir shell trong cling mét nghién cifu. II. Tao mét nghién cifu Idi hdn hgp vi ‘4c mé hinh solid part: 4.Tao mét nghién ci vdi Mesh type dat la Mixed mesh. Céc thu muc Solids va Shells xuat hién trén cy. 2.Tgo t&t cd cic shell thich hgp bang cach right-click thy muc ShellsDefine by Selected Surfaces. va chon 3.X4c dinh vat liéu, chiéu day va cing thiic cho ting shell 4.Tao luéi va chay nghién cifu ri xem cac két qua nh binh thuting IIL. Gén céc vat liéu SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks “DAO CHILANG-DCL* + Shell mesh using mid-surfaces. Chi cho phép gan mét vat liéu cho méi mé hinh shell duc tao bang tly chon nay. Mét biéu trong xuat hién trong thu’ muc Mid-surface Shell. + Shell mesh using surfaces. Gan cdc vat ligu cho tiing mé hinh shell ‘dugc tao bang tily chon nay, tuong ty nhu’ gén vat liéu cho cdc thanh phan trong mét assembly. Chuiong trinh sé tao mét thy muc Shells. Mét biéu tugng duoc tao trong thu’ myc Shells cho moi bé mat duoc chon dé tao lu6i. Ban cé thé gan cdc vat liéu riéng cho ting muc trong thu muc Shells, nhu trong truding hgp lam véi thu muc Solids ala mét assembly. IV. Dat cdc chiéu day + Shell mesh using mid-surfaces. Chuong trinh ty dng chich xut va gan chiéu day dong nhat cho cac bé mat. Ding céng thtic Thin. + Shell mesh using surfaces. Méi khi ban tao mét shell trén mét b& mat hoc surface, mét bang thuéc tinh sé xuat hién cho phép ban dt chiéu day va chon céng thie Thin hoac Thick. Mat biéu tugng duoc tao trong thu muc Shells cho mdi shell. Mdi shell cé thé cd mat chiéu day, vat liéu va céng thifc thin hodc thick riéng Lutu y: Néi chung, cdc shell cé thé diing cing thitc thin khi chiéu day ca né so véi cdc kich thutic khdc it hon 5%. V. Dat cc tai trong, khéng ché va kiém sodt lui Shell mesh using mid-surfaces + Dé dt tai hoc khdng ché cho mét canh shell, hay chon bé mat tudng ting trén mé hinh solid. + BE dt tai, khéng ché hodc kiém sodt luéi cho mét dinh shell, hdy chon anh tuidng ting trén mé hinh solid. Luu y: Khi cdc phin tiy shell cé bac quay ty’ do, ban phai phan biét gitfa khéng ché Immovable (khéng chuyén déng) va khéng ché Fixed (khéng chuyén déng va khéng quay). Ban cing od thé dat cacluc tap trung trong bang thudc tinh Force. Shell mesh using surfaces or faces of Solids + Bt tai hoc khéng ché cho cdc canh va/hoic cic dinh cila cdc surface (hoac cdc bé mat cua solid) ban ding dé tao cac shell nay. + Ban cé thé dat ap suat lén mét canh shell. Ap suat nay duc xc dinh ‘trén don vi dién tich. Chung trinh sé dung chiéu day néi tai cia shell [EENEENNIEER souiworks-cosmosworks *DAO CHILANG-Dcl* nay dé tinh. Luc tuting dutang tac dung [én canh nay bang gid tri dp suat nhan véi chigu dai canh va nhan véi chiéu day néi tai cua shell VIL Tao huét + Ap dung kiém sodt Iuéi thich hgp trén cac b& mat, canh va dinh tugng ing. Truéc khi tao lust, hay kich hoat céc ty chon lubi va xdc dinh céc kiém soat lui thich hgp. Bé tao mét Iuét shell, right-click biéu tung Mesh va chon Create. Khi tao mét shell, ban cé thé chon cng thiic tinh shell la thin hodc thick. Céc shell cé thé dp dung céng thtic thin khi ty Ié gitfa chiéu day va cac kich thutic khdc nhé hon 0.05. Céc shell hinh T va giao nhau. Trong khi viéc dinh hung cdc shell trén cdc chi tiét tm mong duoc thuc hin mét céch chinh xdc thi phn m&m lai khéng thé thuc hién duoc nhu vay v6i cdc shell cé hinh T hoc giao nhau. Trong nhiing truting hop nay, nhiéu canh sé cd nhiing phn tt khéng thang hang. Két qua la cac diém ting suat kh6ng nam chinh xac trén céc canh dé. VII. Xem cac két qua ting suat cho shelliigpthosi cia cac bibu db va danh seh ede xt gua Ging sual cho php ban chon met tong ede thy chon sau + Top. Ung suat téng (cng va uén) tai mat trén + Bottom. Ung sust téng (cng va uén) tai mat duéi + Membrane. Thanh phan Ung suat cing + Bending. Thanh phan tng suat uén Tal sao kai o5 cdc Ung suat Top va Bottom 6 day? Khi ta ding ludi shell ta dat chidu day cho thm méng nay, nhung trén ving dé hoa, CW van chi thé hién mét mé hinh di khong o6 chiéu day. Biéu dd Ung sudit cla mat tren va mat dudi thuong khadc nhau (dt nnhign ri) va CW chi od thé hin thi bigu dé tizng mat. Vay nén ta phai nu rd yéu cu muén biét Ung suat ca mat nao thi CW mdi biét duéng ma dap ing. Bau tién, ta dling {dy chon Top, ta sé c6 biéu db ting suat mat tren; sau dé, ta diing tly chon Bottom dé xem Ung suai mat dudi; hodc nguoC ba. VIL. Tai lap roi Ban o6 thé ding mot ludi cho nhiéu nghién ctu a8 xem xét nh hudng ca nhidu foal vat ligu, ti trong va khéng ché khac nhau. Tuy nhién, d8 xem xét nh huéng ca hinh dang hinh hoc, ban phi tai 8p li va chay lal nghién civu sau khi da tam thay d6i hinh dang. Ludi méi sé duroc ding dé chay Iai nghién ctu nay. Néu ban van muén xem bri cf va cc k&t qua lién quan vo’ ching thi né 4 bj thay thé bing ludi mdi va cdc Kat qua mdi [MEENIIETE souioworks-cosmosworks *DAO CHILANG-Dcl* Ban cé thé tao cde nghién ctu sold va shell trong ciing mot ta iGu bang lira chon Kibu Mixed mesh ki tao nghién ctu 66, Chay mét nghién cou bang lu6i ci: 41.Click biéu tuong ciia nghién ciru trong COSMOSWorks Manager. Nghién ctu nay durge kich hoat. 2.Right-click biéu turong Mesh va chon Show Mesh. 3.Right-click biéu tong Study va chon Run. Cac tham sé tao lu6i Lu6i duge tao bang cach right-click bidu tung Mesh trong COSMOSWorks Manager ‘va chon Create. Ludi dugrc tao thay thude vao nhimg yéu t6 sau + Hinh dang m6 hinh sé tao ud. Ban o6 thé tao cac luéi hén hop, solid va shell + Cac tly chon lus’ dug ding + Xée dinh cdc kiém soat ludi + Cac ty chon tiép xte/khe ho + Co phan tir va dung sai chung ‘Automatic Looping Tay chon nay tr dong stra lai lu6i cho mé hinh bang mt o® luéi va dung sai nhd hon Ban 6 thé kiém soat s6 lugng tam gic cuc dai cho phép va ty Ié gidm oo phan tu va. dung sai sau m6i vong tinh lap. Kich hoat va thiét lap cac tay chon automatic looping: 4.Trong COSMOSWorks Manager, right-click biu tong Mesh va chon Create.Bang thudc tinh Mesh xuat ign 2.Click Options. Hop thoi Options xudt hién v6i nhéin Mesh duroc chon. 3.Dudi Automatic looping, lam nhur sau: + a. kiém Enable automatic looping for solids. + b. Dat No. of loops, Global element size factor for each loop, va Tolerance factor for each loop. 4. Click OK. Céc ty chon tao Indi Ce ty chon ludi la nhting yéu t can thiét 48 xéc éinh chét luong ludi va do vay, [NNN souDwoRKs.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* quyét dinh d® chinh xéc cia cac két qua. Cac két qua dua trén nhieng thit lap khac nnhau sé hoi tu khaéc nhau, néu mét o& phan tir nhé thich hop duge sir dung, Ban 06 thé dét Mesh quality la Draft hoc High. Lusi chat irong thép khong o6 cc nit & giira méi canh tam gidc. Ludi chat igng thdp o6 thé ding dé tinh nhanh va trong ‘cdc md hinh solid 06 céc higu ing uén nhd. Ludi chat long cao dug khuyén ding trong da s6 trubng hop, dac biét Ia déi v6 nhimng m6 hinh 06 hinh dang cong. Ludi tiéu chudn Standard ding so’ dé tao lui Voronoi-Delaunay cho cac thao tac tao ludi cubi cing. Qua trinh tgo lu6i nay nhanh hon ludi so le va duoc ding trong da s6 trudng hop. Chinén st dung ludi so le Alternate khi iui isu chuan cé ‘Altemate 88 bd qua cac thiét lap kiém soat lr6i: [NNNNNEZI) SouDwoRks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* « Jacobian check thitlap s6 dim tich phan ding trong viée kiém tra mirc d méo clia cdc phan tir tr dign bac cao. + Automatic transition ty dong 4p dung cc kiém sosit lub di véi nhting dc «diém nhé (6, g6c luon...). Hay hy kiém Automatic transition trudckhi tao lu6i cc m6 hinh Ién cé nhiéu ngée ngach va chi tiét nhé dé trinh sinh ra s6 iurong phan tir qua lén hom mirc cn thiét. + Tuy chon Smooth surface, khi duoc kiém, tao ra su dich chuyén nhé cdc nit & bin dé cai thign ud. Nén dung ty chon nay trong da s6 trréng hop. + Automatic looping ty dong t20 Iai lr6i voi oF phan tir nhd hon. Ban kiém sot sb pn 6 da cho phep cong nu tye giim co phn va ung sal sau mi n. + Thigt lap mau cho céc b& mat dui cia cdc phan tir shell sé giup ban déng thang cdc phan tt nay. Bang thugc tinh Mesh Bang thudc tinh Mesh cho phép ban tao ludi cho m6 hinh: fam 2s5x035 Bove Bee ceteaen) (Clean anatyss after meshing 4.Mesh Parameters. Thiét lap o0,, dung sai chung cla phan tty va cdc ty chon, + Thanh trugt. cho phép ban thay di c& va dung sai chung cila phan tt. Vi tr tan ‘ang bén trai (Coarse) dat co va dung sai chung lén g4p ddi gid tri mac dinh. Vi tri tn cling ben phai (Fine) dat oo va dung sai bang mot niva gia tri méc dinh. [MENEEINEET) souioworks-cosmoswors | *DAO CHILANG-Dcl* + Global Size. Dat co phan tir tung binh. COSMOSWorks d& xudt mat gid tr mac «inh dua tén thé tich mo hinh va dién tich bé mat. Co phdn tly chung duvge cho theo don vi chiu dai mac dinh cla SolidWorks. « Tolerance. Dat gid tri dung sai. Dung sai mac dinh la 5% o& phan ti chung. Lupu J: didu chinh dung sai oé thé gidp gii quyét mot s6 vn d& v8 vide tao lui. Vi dy, néu lurdi od Ii do cdc canh tyr do, ting dung sai 06 thé giai quyét dugrc van dé nay. Dung sai khdng thé kon hon 30% by phdn ttr chung, + Resetto default size. Dat lai ung Global Size vb gid tri mac dinh theo a ‘xuat ca chuong trinh. 2. Run analysis after meshing. Néu kiém, COSMOSWorks sé chay nghién ctu ngay ‘sau khi tao ludi cho m6 hinh thanh cng, 3. Options. Click nit nay 8 kim tra hode thay d6i cc ty chon ludi. Tao lr6i mot m6 hinh: 1Trong COSMOSWorks Manager, right-click bidu tuong Mesh va chon Create. Bang thudc tinh Mesh xuat hién. 2.Dudi Mesh Parameters, dat cdc gid tr Global Size va Tolerance 3.Néu Iai muén ding cdc gid tri mac dinh, click Reset to default size, 4:8 kiém tra cdc ty chon ludi, click Options. Hop thoai Options xudt hién véi nhan Mesh dugc kich hoat. 5.Kiém tra va sia Bi cc tly chon ludi thich hop ri lick OK. 6.58 churong trinh chay nghidn cizu ngay sau kh tgo lurdi xong, kiém Run analysis after meshing. 7.Click OK. IX. Kiém soat loi Cac tham s6 kiém sost lu6i Co phan tty quy&tdinh mirc d6 chinh xéc cia két qua phan tich. Co’ phan tir cng nhd thi Két qua cng t6t, nhung diéu dé lai lam téing s6 long cdc phan tly trong m6 hinh len ‘qué ldn. CW cung c&p mot chire nang cho phép tao ludi v6i cac oo phan tir khéc nhau {rén m6 hinh dé cai thién kt qué ma khdng lam cham qué trinh tinh toan. B6i voi part Ba mat néng Hg 56 adi uu ‘Binh ust Newton v8 trang tha im fanh n6i ing nhiét nding trao dBi trot bb mated nhibt dO Ts dén dong chay ban trong chal ling cd nhiét db TT duge cho Bei phuons trek SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks _ *DAO CHILANG-DcL* abi ne Ags-T © aay, no 56 tao di gt dbityu hc6 don vi Wim2 KhodcBtulsin2.F.H8 sé hkhéng phaild motthube tin nit dong, He 38 h thud tay ch hn quan dn trang thai chit fing va cae didu kid dng chy, do vay, na thydng age gol thube tinh dng ehay. ‘Bi tru duge gin vai Khai nlgm cia métlop bién rhu la mot xp méng chuyén tibp gira mot bd mat {duge colt nim sat vai céc phan kheing chuyén dng va déng chét lng. Bibu nay duge minh hoa ‘hur Upp The 6 dng chy wy do Tbe db wp btn Be mit do x © aly, ulxy) la tbc 49 theo phuang x. Ving ban dud can ngadi cia Wop chétléng, carh nga argo xc din bing 99% tbe 46 dang chay ty do, duge gp kp bign chit ing ob chibu day d(x), [Mot hinh trang ty cing 6 thé ding dé m6 tb sy chuyén iép nhigt & tr bd mat rin dn cht ling. Lu y ing dé day tp Blin anit d6 khéng nh thidt phai bang d0 day lap bin tbe dB, Cae ude tinh cia chét ng tgo nén sé Prandtl s8 quy dinh 46 day tuong abi cla hai Bp bién nay. Mét sé Prandil bing 1 <6 ‘aghfa t4 hai Kp nay bang aha vt 46mg chy t oo CCarché traydn nhigt the #6 qua lap bidn nay ia dn nit, theo phuong y, qua chit fing tinh et bb mat én, ohigtlngng dé nit ny bang shit krong dBi hru Br lp bién vao chAt Wing. Cé thd vidt HA(Ts-Th=-kA GTRy)s ‘Dodé, np 26 d6i tru cia mot tang thai da cho c6 thé xAe dinh bing each do nhi@tlugng tyén qua va cchénh ech nhiot 46 nade bing cdch do gradiontnhigtd6 lp bis, Bo gradiont nbigt a6 qua lap bién cin ob d8 chinh xe cao va ni chung ch thye hign duge trong phing thinghidm. Nhibu slay kj thst co bang rah sB truyén nit dBi luu cho cdc eu hinh khac nhau [NNNNNEZI) SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* Bang dui day cho thdy mgt s6 gid tf a hin cia hg $8 tuygolnaVosousoouesns a0sgoabébtém j888865 205903 [NEE SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* Cée djnh nghia ex bin vé bite xg Dudi day la cde tén goi chung, duye ding trong inh vy bite xa nhigt va cfc djnh nghia cba ching. ‘Vat den: Vat bite xa ly tuomg, phat ra va hip thy bite xa ti da tai moi nhigt d6 va bude séng. Mat vi du cia vat den la mt he md cia mpt hoe néng. ‘D9 r9i (Irradiation): Mic d9 bite xa di toi ‘mit theo moi huéng, tinh trén don vj dign tic. ‘D9 bite x9 (Radiasity): Mite d@ bite xa di ra khdi b8 mit theo moi huémng, tinh trén don vj dign tich, Hip thy (amma): Phan bite xa bi b8 mit hip th. Phan xa (p8): Phin bic xa bj b8 mat phan xa. Phin xa cia vt den bing Khong Xuyén qua (Transmissivty -): Phin birexa xu thi gua bé mit. COSMOSWorks gi thict ring striven qua cia bic a ‘Tuomg quan gitta hép thy, phin xa va xuyén qua cba mét b8 mit: atp+ Phin xa p Boe x9 16 Xuyén quar Cong suit ph x9 (E): Mie bir xg phat a tr b mat theo mpi hung tin én dom vi dign tich, don vj cua Ela W/m"2. 136 bute xa (enotov): Ty Ie gia cong suit phat xg cia mot bé mat «© véi cng suit phat xa cia vat den tai cig nit d9, e=BR Ody. Eb a cdng suit phat xa cia vit den tai cing nhigtd He bi xa c cia mpt bé mat a him cia nhigt do. [NNNNNEZI] Souworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* inh lujt Stefan-Boltzmann nh lft Stefan-Boltzmann pit bigu ring ting cdng suit phit xa cia vat den, Eb, doe cho bei Reot Oday, lahing sé Stefan-Boltamann va T i nhigt d@ tuyét i cia vit den, Gid tr cia hing sb Stefan-Boltzmann bing 5.67x10-8 Win’2.KM4 hoge 3.3063 x 10-15 Btu/s.in”2.P™4. Sur thay déi phd bite xa vat den duge mé ta bai phén bé Planck. Tich phn cia dinh lust phan bd Planck trén tit cd ede bude séng (2) sé due djnh lust Stefan-Boltzmann, Khi mot vat den e6 bé mat dim tch (A) dat trong moi trudng e6 nhiét dO Ta, nang lrgng bite x3 nhigt eta vit den duye xée dinh bai Qew=CACTA- TH, TT diy: ‘Ts = Nhiét 9 tuy@t di cia vit den ‘Ta= Nhigt dé tuyet doi cia moi trudng Phat x9 tir cde bé mit thye ‘Dink Juft Stefan-Boltzmann di véi su trao di nhigt bing bite xa gta cic vat den va mai trudng 6 thé higu chinh dé ding cho esc bé mat thye. Véi cic bé mat khOng phai a vit den, cudmg d6 ‘phd bie xa khng tuan theo phn b Planck ‘Din luft Stefan-Boltzmann di duge higu chinh cho vét khéng den (vit xm) think: Qassin = 0A (T-T4) ‘Oday, c1ih@s6 phit xa cia bi mat bie xa, duye xc dinh bing ty Ié git céng suit phit xa cia ‘bé mt xm nay va cng suat phit xa cia vit den tai cing nhigt ds, Cac vt Ligu c6 gi tr he sb phat xa trong khosing gitta0 va 1.0, Mét vat den df nhign o6 he sé phat xa bing 1 va mot vat phan xa todn phan ob hé s6 phat xa bing khang, Hi sé phat xa ld mt thude tinh cia vat ligu, vin phy thude vlo nbigt d6 va d9 bing bé mit Bing duéi diy ligt ké céc gid tr hé 6 phat xa cua mét sb vat ligu: [NRNNNNEST) SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* [NNN] SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* on Onna 200 oss King ox bse 20 os Nickel ng 200-400 ons.01 Oxia 200 ox Kavag oxi bie 2 ones Bong 2-60 os01 ag oi hi 2» oon os » oss Me 2» ow he Bing ann oman aot 10 ow the te ” Big roi outla ama ero t wo Spin 0 ie nh onsen ensue agit 0 ous Bite x9 gla cic bd mt Phuong tinh di duge dé cp & mye trude dBi véi mi d9 trao di nhigt bite x gia mt vt xm tnuimg). Do dé, tt ca nang luomg phit ra vat bite xa durge gia tht rng déu duce moi tnx hp thy he “rong tnrdng hop o6 hai vit bic x to dBi ning lugng, cin dun vio hé sb bite xa bid kién (F). Hi 86 bite xa bigu kign cia mot bé mati len bé mt j lity nding hrgng bie xa tirbé mati ge ‘tgp chigu ti bé mit j trén tong ning luvong phat ra tir bé mit i, V6i dink nghia nay, sx trao [NNNENNETI) SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* nhhigt bie xa thy gitta mot bé mat odin ich Ai vi nit dj Ti wi mt bE mgt ob dig tc Aj ‘vi nhigt a Tj Ia nhur sau Qbite xa =o oi AIFij(Ti4-T}4) ‘Ody, Fiji hg sb bidu kid cia bé mat idbi vei mat j va hg s6 bie xa cia bE mii (Cie 5 bie bid kién (nhin théy) Cac he sb bigu kin, cdn goi li cic hé sb hinh dang, o6 vai tr true tip trong tra0 d6i nhit bie ‘xa. He sO bieu kién Fijgitra hai digntich nhé Ai va Aj duoe xac dinh bing phan bize xa phat ra 1tizAi ma bj chin bai dign tich Aj. Noi cich khic, Fij cho biét Ainhin thay Aj nhu thé nao. Hé sé iéu kien Fij phy thude vio hug cia céc dign tich no Ai va Aj cling nhu khong eich gia ching. Voi ha bé mgt v6 cing nho dA va dj bs bid Kiba dF bling iP; = coS, cond, aA, 7 diy, Gi va Oj la cée gée gia phip tuyén cic bé mt véi dogn thing Ri nbi hai digmtich ny. [Neu hai dign tich nay 1a hia han, bg s6 bigu kién duge tin: Lp ¢ £080 ,cos0, y= af fans, AA, RR, [NINES] SouDworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* ‘Tir phyong tinh trén, lun lun e6 quan hi ALFij= ALE “Trong khi nhigu cudn sich truyén nhit cung fp cic hé sd bigu kin cho nhimg dig tch 0 hin dang don gin, ti vige tin tan hé sb bigu kign cho nhimg bai ton hue t Ini di hort nig 1 Ine, nay ca Vining my ink manh. Khi cin tinh oan hg so bin kn gia hai be raft A va B, COSMOSWorks coi mai be mit gem ob nhigu ign tich nho, dupe xe din bai cic BE mat cia ph this han. Sau, 1 in bg 6 bi kin co ting be mat phn ted vi mek Demat cin ede phn tir khdc. Cac so bigu kign gia ec Dé mat phan rn cing mt be mit hinh hoc cing dug dia vio cic tinh tosn ny Mit bé mat lm véi m@t ludi thich hep 6 thé ty bie xa. Cac bé mit phing va lbi khéng thé ty bite xa. Cac vin dé nay due phan mém ty déng gid quyét. ‘Sat ace (oerert 08) Free ‘Sot utoce (nent 908) ontoce® Vitcin Ics ei fai b2 tpn ic thc bm mt pnb. Trg tug hep ty. ngs bid Kid ing kkng, COSMOSWorks dng xam ate vat cn inca be mit Gi cn hr han Vt yea tates vl ke vt cn, napa hn honed bmi ham gabe xa Trond dca 3 vee dt pun be la cde gt 1082.8 cotqu.ai na banchichon cle Bem 1-23 [NINES] Souworks-cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* Phin nay hoan todn bi che bie xa ti tir bd mat 2 Tién hanh phan tich nhigt 41. Tao m@t nghign cir nfi@t Rightcick biéu tugmg tin cing cla COSMOSWorks Manager va chon ‘Study a8 try cap hgp thoai Study. Xac dinh cdc fuuge tinh cla nghién cru va chon kibu nghin eau (ae fe hod cdn Bang), twang tac voi COSMO SFiaWorks va gid thuat 2. Xée dinh vat lu cho ting sold va shel D8 xc dh mét vat eu cho timg sold hoge shell, ight-cick bu tuong cia nd va chon Define/Edit Material. Ban pai xac dinh n@ s6 dan nh@t (KX) cho cae nghién ci cin bing nti. Kh8ilugng riéng (DENS) nhibt dung rng (C) cing c4 th cn cho cae nghién city ‘nhl tte tho. Xae dinh ce thude tinh phy tude nhigt dB nButhich How. 4. Xée dinh cic nhi6t ti va rang bude. Ban cf thé xée dinh ede nhigt 3, sy dBi ru, dang ntiét, c8ng ‘sud rhigt va bue xa. Voi ede nghign ctu tie thas, ban edn xc din cd nhibt ti va rang bude hu la hham eda th gin, |Luru : Ban cé thé an dinn nhigt a6 cho cae BB mat, cae canh vi cde Binh, xc ainh ntigt nang nhur dng nhisthoae cong suat nhigt, B6i uu va tire x9 duye ding nfur nhang Bu kin bién. Kh xac dinh sw dé Ivy, ban cn ng fp sé d6t bru va nhit 06 bién cua chat Iéng hoge KN. Twong ty, vei bue xg, ban cing cin xac dinn n6 sb phat xa va ntigtd6 mdi trutng. Hang sé Stofan-Ballzmann s6 argc COSMOSWorks "yd6ng tnh tosn 4. V6i cae nghidn ciru nhigt te thar, ban cb thé tid ap mgtb6 dn dinh nbigt a. 5. V6i ca tb hop hod m6 hinh da kd, hay dim bao rng da xc deh cdc dibu Kin tip xc thich hop, (Cac dibu kign tp auc nay 68 tie dng dén dong nti6tai qua cic din lich tp xu. Ban ef thé xc anh nhittte tp xde gia cae bd mat bp ae 6, Tao lug cho m& hint va chay nghién cru. Trudte ki chay nghin eu, ban & thé ding ete tay chon dt qui a you cbu ty dong tgora cdc bibu 8. ‘Lira ¥: Néu ban chay mat nghign eu trée Khia lv6s cho mé hinh, chong tinh $B ty déng tao hess Invée kn chay nghién ciru. Ban clung c6 thé yéu cu chay nghién cir bang cc kiém Run analysis after meshing rong bing thug tinh tao rt 7. Xem cae két qué ‘+86 thdy bidu a6 trong thu mye Thermal, double-cick tibu tyeng ota nd + Bi taomét tu d mai, right-click hur muc Thermal vi chon Define, [NINES] SouDworks.cosmosworls “DAO CHILANG-Dcl* “+ V6i cdc agin ci tre thi, ban o6 thé tao bib dd mht 46 tal cdc vit dupe chon trang hep thai Probe. 1+ DB ta0 bao can, right-cick hu mye Report va chon Define. Ban cé thé tgo bibu dd nhist as, gradient nhit a va dong abit. (Céc kiéu phan tich trae a6i nhigt (Coal kidu phan tich trao abi nhigt dua tran sy quan tim vio ybuté thei gian ‘+ Phan tich trang thai 6n dink nhigt, Trong kibu phan ich nay, tachi quan tim ede didukion shiat cla vat fi kh dat &i tang thai cn bing mht ma khgng quan tam ti ther gian & dat {ge trang thai nay. Tai tang thai cn bing mht, nigt wong dl va0 méi idm tn mé hin {ing bing anat bang nhit krong dra kha nd, NO chung, chi cn thuse tinh vat iu, vn hn cho cdc phan tich ebn bing nhi6t, 1 d6 dn ahi “+ Pham tich nhigt tie thoi. Trong kibu nghign cir ny, ta mubn bib cdc trang thai nhigt ea md hinh varity cach a hdm cia her gin. Vi dy, ngdt idl ké phich nue néng bist rang nti6t a ‘uae trong phieh cubi cing ri cing $8 bang ahi trong phng (tang thai can bing), nhung ‘anh hoge chi a cin mubn bibl rhigt do wee trong phich nhu la ham cia th glan (38 thay a6: ‘hur thé ndo thoo thet gian). Kai xde dr cdc thuge tinh vat bu cho nghign cau abt tae the, ban clin xdc din he sé din nfi6t Ngadira,ban con cdn xac dinh cic nhigtaé ban du, Kodng thei gian cn tinh toan va gia $8 (bude) thd gian \Voi cée nghidn ci tre tha ny, ban ob thd két hop cae dibu kin ve dong nhit va cong sua cing voi 'b0 6n nhigt da xac dinh trong mot Khodng shit a6 tai v ti xc dinh. Var ng burg thai gian, churong trinh 8 tt node bat cc dibu Kid cng sual va dang nfigtirén co si nhigt tai v tri ca b6 cm bib. 189 én dinh nnigt \Vei cée nghisn ciru nist tr thd, tt ed cdc cing sua va ding nhi@tdn dinh 66 thé duge kiém sodt bai métco ey én dinh nhiét duge xc dinh boi mt pham vi rhit d6 tai mot bm. Voi méi bude gid, rang thai cdc didu kin cong suat va déng nhigt (Vat) $8 duge quyét dinh dva ten nial d@ tai Gm nay {dug tinh tai bude gal tarde. Ban co thé dung niu bo edm bin trong mot nghin eu, [Néu gid tr eda cing subt niet hodie dong nhiét a duong,thibtb| $6 hogt ding rh la b6 dun néng va $B dug bat trong bude 48 theo ndu rhigt db cua cém bién bing node thép hon ehigt dB gigi han duc vi ‘nguge lai 'Néu gid tr eda cing sudtnniat hod dng niet 3m, thibt bi SB hoat déng nh 1a BO am lanh va $B due bat trong bude t8p theo ndu rhigt dé cua cim bién bing hoa cao han mbit db gi han tn va ‘nguge lai 'Néu b6 dn dinh rhigt noatdéng binh fhudng,bidu db niet db theo thi gian tal vite cdm bién 88 giao Ong nhur hiah minh hoa dug, vi dbu kién ld bude gid dug ding pha thich hop. Néu nhibt dé giao «dong vot qua phiam vi cho phép, hay sia d8ithude tinh la nghisn ciru dé ding mat bude thei gian ‘ah hom va chay aghin eu lal SOLIDWORKS-COSMOSWorks _ *DAO CHILANG-DcL* oe yee i ‘we [Néu nhigta6 cia dibm at cm bidn chi é trong hod ngati pham vin dinh (cde durémg 1 va 2), th cdr bid ny 68 khéng gir vai ro kim sot ngudn nhel. Trong ttudng hop dé, hay thay dBi ngubn nti, cde 1Sinhgtva rang Dube Khdc hode wtreua cam bib Tevoerare Max doses Tenpease Me, dees Terpestre [Néu nhigt a6 tai vi tricdm bidn chi g mat bén cia ce bin nhigt dd war db dbe nhung khong eft qua (cae

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