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12/17/2014

SimpleSolarTrackingSystem|diagramscircuit

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SimpleSolarTrackingSystem

Generally,solar panels are stationary and do not follow the movement of the sun. Here is a solartracker system that
tracksthesunsmovementacrosstheskyandtriestomaintainthesolarpanelperpendiculartothesunsrays, ensuring
thatthemaximumamountofsunlightisincidentonthepanel throughout the day. The solar tracker starts following the
sunrightfromdawn,throughoutthedaytillevening,andstartsalloveragainfromthedawnnextday.

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SimpleSolarTrackingSystem|diagramscircuit

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Fig.1:Circuitofsolartrackingsystem

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Fig.1showsthecircuitofthesolartrackingsystem.Thesolartrackercomprises comparator IC LM339, Hbridge motor

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driver IC L293D (IC2) and a few discrete components. Lightdependent resistors LDR1 through LDR4 are used as

SimpleSolarTrackingSystem

sensors to detect the panels position relative to the sun. These provide the signal to motor driver IC2 to move the
solar panel in the suns direction. LDR1 and LDR2 are fixed at the edges of the solar panel along the X axis, and
connectedtocomparatorsA1andA2,respectively. Presets VR1 and VR2 are set to get low comparator output at pins 2

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12/17/2014

SimpleSolarTrackingSystem|diagramscircuit
and1ofcomparatorsA1andA2,respectively,soastostopmotorM1whenthesunsraysareperpendiculartothesolar

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panel.

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WhenLDR2receivesmorelightthanLDR1,itofferslowerresistancethanLDR1,providingahighinputtocomparatorsA1andA2at
pins 4 and 7, respectively. As a result, output pin 1 of comparator A2 goes high to rotate motor M1 in one direction (say, anti
clockwise)andturnthesolarpanel.

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WhenLDR1receivesmorelightthanLDR2,itofferslowerresistancethanLDR2,givingalowinputtocomparatorsA1andA2at pins
4and7,respectively.Asthevoltageatpin5ofcomparatorA1isnowhigherthanthevoltageatitspin4,itsoutputpin2goeshigh.
Asaresult,motorM1rotatesintheoppositedirection(say,clockwise)andthesolarpanelturns.

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Fig.2Proposedassemblyforthesolartrackingsystem

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Similarly,LDR3andLDR4trackthesunalongYaxis.Fig.2showstheproposedassemblyforthesolartrackingsystem.

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SimpleSolarTrackingSystem|diagramscircuit

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