Synthesis of

Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide
Chemistry Lab Report

Praewa Kobkurkul
Kanyapat Thongta
Saruttaya Rungsakorn
Yanisa Lekprasert
Phimlaphas Munikanond

5861120
5861048
5861140
5861305
5861310

General Chemistry
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Wednesday, December 7th 2016 12.05 - 13.05
Lab Instructor - PWin
Lecture Intructure - Ms.Sorasaree Tonsiengsom

Table of contents
Abstract

Objective

Introduction

Materials

Procedure

4-7

Results

Discussion

Calculations

9-10

Conclusion

10

Summary/ Abstract
We Synthesis the Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide from the reactant
which are ethanol, iodide, tetramethylammonium iodide. We mixed them up and
heat it on a hot plate then we crystalize by placing it in a cold water. After ten
minutes, we used the filtration vacuum to suck out the liquid, leaving the crystal
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide left on the paper. After that we calculated
the mass of the product and find the percent yield. The percent yield is 58.19 and
the mass of the product is 1.030 gram.

Object
To observe the synthesis of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide

Introduction
In chemistry, mol is the unit that is used the most to calculate any
chemistry equation, such as amount of reactants, products, and percent yield.
The experiment observes the relationship between reactants and products. The
main idea is to study about percent yield which is basically error. The product
that is created in the reaction by using filtration ,which is a separation technique
that is used to separate a solid that has not dissolved in a liquid ,and

crystallisation ,which is a method that is used to separate a solid that has

dissolved in a liquid and made a solution, will not always be the exact same
amount as the theoretical amount. In order to find how difference the number
between actual yield and theoretical yield is, the percent yield needs to be
calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield then multiplied by
a hundred.

Material
1. Tetramethylammonium Iodide - 0.5 ml
2. Iodide - 1.3 ml
3. Ethanol - 12 ml
4. 50 ml beaker
5. Stirring rod
6. Hot plate
7. Ice bar

Procedure
1. Add 0.5 of tetramethylammonium iodide and 1.3 of iodide into a 50 ml
beaker, then add a 12 ml of ethanol.

2. Stir it together using a stirring rod.

3. Place the beaker on a hot plate for 10 minutes and stir it all the time.

4. Remove the beaker and allow it

to cool down until it reaches room

5. Place the beaker into the ice

bar for 10 minutes.

temperature.

6. Remove the beaker and pour the solution into a vacuum filtration.

7. Add the ethanol while the machine sucks up the air.

8. Place the crystal into a plate.

9. Place the plate in the sunlight or near the window for about 1 day.

10. Weigh the paper

11. Weigh the product and the paper

Results

(CH3)4N + I

+ 2I2 ----> (CH3)4N + I

(CH3)4N + I

I2

(CH3)4N + I

Mol mass

201.1 g/mol

253.8 g/mol

708.7 g/mol

Number of gram

0.5 g

1.3 g

1.03 g

Number of mol

0.002487 mol

0.005122 mol

1.453 x 103 mol

Discussion
Reactant is ethanol, iodide, tetramethylammonium iodide. Product is
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. Reactants were used 0.05g, 0.0025 moles
(Tetramethylammonium iodide), 1.3g, 0.0051 moles (Iodine). Product from the
experiment is 1.03g, 1.4534 x 10-3 moles (Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide).
Limiting reagent is the reactant used up first in a reaction which is
Tetramethylammonium iodide in this experiment. 1.772 g of

Tetramethylammonium iodide is expected to be produced in the experiment

which is theoretical yield. The amount of the product we got were less than the
expectation we calculated. It might be because of some spilling we made during
the experiment. The error of our experiment is that the amount of mass that we
get is less than the theoretical yield for about 0.742 grams. We think it is because
we dropped some parts of the product when we weighed its mass. However,
there could be a mistake when we poured the reactant, the amount might be
inexact that made the result inaccurate. We can improve our experiment by
practicing more to gain more experience that can help to reduce mistakes in the
future. In the simpler way, we should do the experiment with the conscious mind
and put more concentrate to make the least mistakes as possible.

Calculations
1. Molar mass: Look for the atomic mass in the periodic table of the element and
then find the atomic mass of each atom and combine them together. If the

element has more than one atom, we have to multiply the atomic mass by the
number of atoms.
-(CH3)4N + I = (12.0197 x 4)+(1.008 x 12 )+14.007+126.904 = 201.1 g/mol
-2I2 = 126.904 x2 = 253.8 g/mol
-(CH3)4N + I 5 =
(12.0197 x 4)+(1.008 x 12 )+14.007+(126.904 x 5) = 708.7 g/mol

2. Number of gram: For the reactant (Tetramethylammonium Iodide and

Iodine), the number of gram is already given. For the product, we have to weigh
ourselves. When we weigh the product, our product is on the paper, so we have
to minus the mass of paper out to get the actual mass of only product.
-(CH3)4N + I = 0.5 g
-2I2 = 1.3 g
-(CH3)4N + I 5 =
1.60 - 0.57 = 1.03 g

3. Number of mol: We compare the number of mol with the number of gram.

For Tetramethylammonium Iodide, we know that 201.051 g/mol is equal to 1 mol,

therefore 0.5 g is equal to 0.5 g divided by 201.051 g/mol, and then we will figure
out what the number of mol is. Calculate the others by using the same method.
-(CH3)4N + I = 0.5 g divided by 201.051 g/mol = 0.0025 mol
-2I2 = 1.3 g divided by 253.808 g/mol = 0.0051 mol
-(CH3)4N + I 5 =
1.03 mol divided by 708.7018 g/mol = 1.453 x 103 mol

4. Percent yield : dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield then multiplied
by a hundred.

(CH3)4N + I 5 = 1.03 g (actual yield)

(CH3)4N + I 5 = (0.0025)x708.7 g
=1.77g (theoretical yield)
Percent yield = (1.03/1.77)x 100 = 58.19%

Conclusion
In the experiment, we used 0.0025 mol (0.05g) of Tetramethylammonium
Iodide, 0.0051 moles (1.3g) of Iodide, and Ethanol to produce
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. From the calculation, the theoretical yield
was 1.77g. Actual yield we got from the experiment was 1.03g of
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. It was less than what we had calculated.
The error might be because we spilled some substance during the experiment
and dropped some of the product when we weighed it.

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