LAB REPORT

Synthesis of
Tetramethylammonium
Pentaiodide

BY

Nitit Kaveevorasart 5861080

Napassorn Pisittivitayanon 5861064
Jirat Prasertmak 5861035
Salisa Simaroj 5861136
Kochakorn Thangsombat 5861307
Section 1101

General Chemistry
Ms. Sorasaree Tonsiengsom
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Semester 1 Academic Year 2016

Summary/Abstract
This experiment is designed to investigate
the relationship of mass of the reactant and that
of the product by the following steps: first, we
calculate the reactant, stir them and do the
filtration process. Then, we use the filtration
vacuum to suck the liquid out and left with the
product (the solid part) that we want. Next, we
put the product on the paper and calculate the
mass of the final product and percent yields. 0.5
grams of Tetramethylammonium iodide and 1.31
grams of iodine produces 1.36 grams of
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide as a result.
Percent yield of the product is 37.19 %.

Introduction

Nowadays a lot of scientists are inventing

new substances all the time. Most of the time
scientists usually use a combination of the things
that already exist on earth which is called
mixture. Mixture is the physical combination of
two or more substances in which the substance
retain their distinct properties. In the process of
creating mixtures scientist need to have a
knowledge of chemical reaction. Moreover, the
most important things that all of scientists should
know is the relationship of mass.
In this experiment, we will make a mixture by
combine two substances which are
tetramethylammonium iodide and iodine.
Me4N+I- + 2I2
Me4N+I5-

Then we will heat up a chemical and place it

too cool down to form crystallization which is the
process where solid product forms. After
crystallization process we will use vacuum
filtration to get rid of liquid and get only crystals.
Finally, we will show about mass relationship of
reactant and product. This also provides the
method of calculating which will provide a lot of
knowledge. For example, mole calculating,
finding limiting reagent and express reagent,
finding percent yield and balancing chemical
equation.

Objective

To synthesize tetramethylammonium
pentaiodide and determine that the mass of
reactant may not be as equal as that of the
product.

Materials

Balances
Iodine

Spatula

Weighing paper
Tetramethylammonium Iodine

Beaker 50 mL
95% Ethanol
bottle
Hot plate

Petri dish

Wash

Stirring rod
Fume hood

Graduated cylinder

Methods

1. Firstly, use spatula to add a 50 mL beaker up

with 0.5 grams of Tetramethylammonium iodide
which measured with a weighing paper on a
balances. Then, use a stirring rod to break up
clumps of Me4N+I-.
2. Secondly, measure 1.3 grams of iodine to the
beaker with a weighing paper on a balances and
use spatula to add to the beaker.
3. Use a wash bottle to transfer 95% ethanol into
a graduated cylinder in order to measure 12 mL
of 95% ethanol. Then, add it up to the beaker.
4. Next, heat the beaker at a low temperature
and stir on a hot plate for 10 minutes until
Tetramethylammonium iodide has dissolved
within a fume hood.
5. Then, allow the solution to cool down in ice
bath for 10 minutes in order to let the crystals
form.
6. Set up the apparatus for suction filtration.
7. Use vacuum filtration, collect the crystals.
8. Then, ash them with hexanes for 5 times (5 mL
portions until filtrate dropping from funnel is
colourless).
9. Air-dry the product with weigh.

Results

We get 1.36 grams of Tetramethylammonium

Pentaiodide. It is dark green in colour and in a
form of crystalized solid.

Discussion
We do experiment about synthesis of
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide. We
synthesized the reactant which are 0.5 grams of
Tetramethylammonium iodide or 0.005797 mol
Tetramethylammonium iodide and 1.31 grams of
iodine or 0.005162 mol iodine, produces 1.36
grams of Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide or
0.001919 mol Tetramethylammonium
Pentaiodide by crystallization and filtration.
Percent yield of the product is about 37.19 %.
Limiting reagent is the reactant that runs out first
in the chemical reaction, so in this case, Iodine is
the limited reagent. We expect the mass of the
product to be 1.81 which is less than the results.
The errors that can be caused are when we stir
the solution, we take turns to do that so the
solution is not constantly and continuously and
some extra grams of reactant. To prevent these

mistakes is to be more careful and precise to get

the most accurate as possible.

Calculations
2. Me4N I (0.5g.) + 2I2 (1.31g.)
+ -

**Me = CH3
Me4N+I- = (CH3)4N+I- = C4H12N+IMolar mass of Me4N+I- = (12.0107x4) +
(1.00794x12) + (14.0067) + (126.90447)
= 48.0428 + 12.09528
+ 14.0067 + 126.90447
= 86.24006
= 86.24 grams
Molar mass of I2 = 126.90447x2

= 253.80894
= 253.8 grams
Mole of Me4N+I- = (0.5 grams Me4N+I-) x

86.24 grams Me 4 N + I
1 mol Me 4 N + I

= 0.005797 mol Me4N+IMole of I2 = (1.31 grams I2) x

1mol I 2
253.8 grams I 2

= 0.005162 mol I2
3. Me4N I5Mass of Me4N+I5- with weighing paper = 1.93
grams
Mass of weighing paper = 0.57 grams
Mass of Me4N+I5- = 1.93 0.57 = 1.36 grams
Molar mass of Me4N+I5- = (12.0107x4) +
(1.00794x12) + (14.0067) + (126.90447x5)
= 48.0428 + 12.09528 +
14.0067 + 634.52235
= 708.66713
= 708.7 grams
+ Mol of Me4N I5 = (1.36 grams Me4N+I5-) x
+

708.7 grams Me 4 N + I
1mol Me 4 N + I

= 0.001919 mol Me4N+I5-

4. Me4N I (0.5g.) + 2I2 (1.31g.) = Me4N+I5+ -

+ -

1mol Me4N I

0.005797mol Me4N+I-

1mol Me4N+I5-

1 mol Me 4 N + I
1 mol Me4 N + I 5

mol Me4N+I- = 0.005797 mol Me4N+I5-

x 0.005797

2mol I2

1mol Me4N+I5-

0.01032 mol l2

1 mol Me 4 N + I 5
2 mol l2

x 0.01032 mol I2

= 0.00516 mol Me4N+I5-

5. Theoretical yield = 0.00516 x 708.7

= 3.657 grams
6. Percent yield =
=

1.36 grams
3.657 grams

= 37.19 %

actual yield
theoretical yield

x 100

x 100

Conclusion
According to the result, the mass of the reactant
is not equal to the mass of the product with iodine
as the limiting reagent of this experiment. From the
experiment, we know which reactant is limiting
reagent and which one is excess reagent by
calculation of each reactant. 0.5 grams of
Tetramethylammonium iodide which is excess
reagent and 1.31 grams of iodine which is
limiting reagent produce 1.36 grams of
Tetramethylammonium Pentaiodide as a result.
Percent yield of the product that we get is 37.19
%.