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Importance of Technical Graphics

Technical Graphics is a language used for visualization,

communication and documentation.
Graphic Language has been use long time ago.
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It can be consider as an universal language. An early

proof found in Egypt known as the Egyptian
Hieroglyphics.

Importance of Technical Graphics

While people classified drawing into

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Artistic
Aesthetic
Philosophic
Abstract
Technical

Can you give the example of each of these categories?

In this module we will focus only on the technical
drawing.
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History of Technical Drawing

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Early Technical drawings discovered was made by Chaldean

engineer Gudea about 4000 b.c. It was the Plan of a
Fortress.
Another good example of early technical drawing was
created by Leonardo da Vinci. The drawing of an arsenal.

Term and Definitions

Technical Drawing

: Any drawing expressing technical

ideas

Technical Sketching

: Freehand expression of the graphic

language

Blueprint Reading

: Reading of the language from

drawings

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Engineering Drawing : Used to denote the graphic language

Type of Technical Drawings

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Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in

different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.

Sketch
Usually free-hand drawings which are not
strictly bound to specific forms or
regulations. It is usually only a basic idea
from which drawings or schemes are made,
but can also be used to fabricate a product.

Type of Technical Drawings

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Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in

different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.

Production drawing
Drawing made for the manufacture of a
work piece including all the obligatory
declarations required (also known as the
workshop drawing).

Type of Technical Drawings

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Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in

different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.

Graphical Representation
Demonstration of variable sizes, values,
etc. by lines and areas.

Type of Technical Drawings

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Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in

different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.

Assembly drawing
A drawing that represents an
installation, a building, a machine, an
apparatus or something similar in its
mounted condition or the descriptions
necessary for the representation.

Type of Technical Drawings

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Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in

different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.

Exploded drawing
Exploded pictorial assembly drawings
are used frequently in the parts lists
sections of company catalogs and in
instructions manuals. Drawings of this
type are easily understood by those
with very little experience in reading
multi-view drawings

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Type of Technical Drawings

Technical illustrations or technical drawings can be made in
different ways, depending on the purpose they are used for.
Pictorial Presentation
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Most complicated work pieces are

represented in one view. This can be
done clearly in a perspective sketch or
drawing.
With three dimensional pictures which
you can find in catalogues, price lists,
spare part lists and so forth, even the
unpractised reader of technical
drawings gains quick understanding. The
three dimensions (height, width, depth
but also angles, areas and
measurements) describe the drawing
clearly.
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Engineering Design

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It is a problem-solving process that uses knowledge,

resources, and existing products to create new goods and
processes. Engineering design has both aesthetic and
functional elements and can be broken into two broad
categories:
Product Design and
System Design
Product Design is the process used to create new products,
such as a new automobile model, a new appliance, and a
new type of wheelchair.
Product design is a complex activity that includes many
activities.
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Engineering Design Process

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The Engineering Design Process is not a linear process. Successful

engineering requires going back and forth between the six main
steps.

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Engineering Design Process

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Step 1: Define the Problem

This step begins by asking
yourself: what do we need?
and what are the criteria and
goals?. Find out more about
the problem by doing some
background research, then
make a clear problem
statement.

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Engineering Design Process

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Step 2: Generate Possible

Solutions
Coming up with possible
solutions require
brainstorming. Be creative, and
use methods to promote
creative thinking (such as
sketching, mind mapping).

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Step 3: Evaluate Possible

Solutions
For each of the possible
solutions generated in step 2,
ask yourself, "does the solution
meet the design requirements?"
If necessary, list out the
strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats for
each idea, or make a list of
advantages and disadvantages.
Select the best idea to take to
the next step.
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Engineering Design Process

Engineering Design Process

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Step 4: Make and Test Models

This step is called prototyping.
Constructing the model begins
with making drawings by hand
or on a computer. The model
can be constructed to real size
or on a smaller (or sometimes
larger) scale, or a computer
model can be generated. The
models are tested for
performance, usability, and
durability.

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Engineering Design Process

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Step 5: Modify and Improve

Solution
In this step, you need to
evaluate the results from
testing the model. If the design
needs to be fixed or improved,
go back to step 2 to come up
with a new set of possible
solutions. If you decide that
more testing is needed, go back
to step 4. In the worst case
scenario, you may have to go
back to the first step and start
from scratch again.
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Step 6: Communicate Final

Design
After your design has gone
through multiple cycles of
modelling, testing, and
improving, it is ready for final
hand-off. Communication of the
final design may be done through
presentation to peers, customers,
and to the public. If necessary,
you may also need to prepare
documentations such as
assembly instructions, operation
and maintenance information,
and technical drawings.
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Engineering Design Process

Computer Graphics

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The used of the computer graphics and the

enhance of application of conventional
computer techniques to do the analysis and
detected any error in advanced help the
industries a lot where modification and
finalizing of a graphical solution can be done
before actual fabrication, manufacturing or
construction being carried out.
Computer Systems and Components not new,
there are few term used and available in the
industries that we need to know such as

CADD
CADD
CAM
CAE
CIM

Design
Design and Drafting
Manufacturing
Engineering
Integrated Manufacturing
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Computer Graphics

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There are three main CAD Users in the industries :

Mechanical engineering
Electronic design
Civil engineering
Before we be able to operate the CAD Software basically we should
be able to handle three main area which is general to all the CAD
system:

Commands for geometry generation

Functions to control viewing of drawing geometry
Modifiers for changing (editing) the drawing

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Computer Graphics

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Basic criteria if we need to selecting CAD Software

Establish the need for a CAD system
Survey and select system features
Request CAD system demonstration
Review selected system
Finalize the CAD system

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Example of the capabilities of the CAD system

3D assembly simulation
(example: Solidworks)

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Computer Graphics

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The technical drawing is an important basis for international

technical communication between technical people despite
different languages.
To make the understanding possible, technical drawings must be
made strictly according to internationally discussed, agreed
and fixed standards.
One of the main organizations to fix and upgrade these
standards is the:

ISO = INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ORGANIZATION

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Computer Graphics

KDU University College Confidential & Proprietary | Copyright 2013

The technical drawing is an important basis for international

technical communication between technical people despite
different languages.
To make the understanding possible, technical drawings must be
made strictly according to internationally discussed, agreed
and fixed standards.
One of the main organizations to fix and upgrade these
standards is the:

ISO = INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ORGANIZATION

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