Research Proposal

Amogh Arun
Independent Research
2014-2015
Title: Metal, Medicated, and biodegradable cars, the efficiency and possibility.
Overview of Research: In this research, the researcher will determine the effectiveness of all
three stents and compare them. This is done in order to gain a better knowledge about three
stents that may become mass produced in the future. The researcher is also trying to figure out if
the stents could be improved in anyway. The general area of research is health and more
specifically cardiac health.
Background and Rationale:
In the heart, there are three main arteries, the Left Anterior Descending (LAD), the Circumflex
(Circ) and the Right Coronary Artery (RCA). The LAD supplies blood to the front of the heart.
The Circ supplies blood to the back of the heart. And the RCA supplies blood to the heart
ventricles and the right atrium. If any of these coronary arteries or their branches get clogged the
heart losses blood flow to the respective part of the heart. This is horrible for the patient because
it means that the cells in that area of the heart are dying by the second and without cells, the heart
cannot contract and circulate blood to the rest of the body. Heart blockages are a problem that
affect millions daily.
However, until 1985, Heart blockages meant certain death. Julio Palmaz, an intervention vascular
radiologist, patented the balloon-expandable medical stent and changed the course of cardiology
forever. Know in most hospitals there are two types of stents, plain metal stents and medicated
stents. Both are maneuvered into the clotted area of the heart and inflated to support prevent
further clottage. The only side effect is that both stents have a chance of reclotting, as they are
foreign objects in the body. With the use of polymer stents, the side effects could be significantly
reduced, so much that a stent may not need to be in the heart forever. Recently a new type of
stent has been created. This stent is made out of plastic polymers which give the stent the same
type of structure and shape as the commonly used stents but will in 24 to 36 months degrade into
water that will leave no residue in the heart preventing further problems because of the stent.
The research was done because cardiac stents are an increasingly important issue. Many humans
have poor eating habits and these problems cause increased rates of heart attacks and heart
problems that stents are specialized to aid. The problem the doctors are faced with are that
despite the increasing stent research created, today so many people have poor eating habits that
cause the resurfacing of the problems. The researcher feels that if nothing is done, humans wont
progress and therefore people will die off, but it is not only the researcher, many health
professionals state by next year the rate of heart attacks could increase so badly that the patient
volume problems that currently exist will become worst. There are many more consequences and
the only way to avoid them is to make a change.
Research Methodology: The research question is which stent is the best: metal, medicated or
biodegradable stents? The hypothesis is biodegradable stents are the best type of stents over
metallic and medicated stents. The researcher is trying to figure out which of the three stents is

the most efficient, most durable and the cheapest. Comparing all of these the researcher is trying
to figure out which stent would most likely be the stent that will be mass produced, and
determine which stent is best for fixing blocked arteries in the heart. In the paper, the researcher
will argue that the biodegradable stent is the best type of stent for three reasons, it is the most
efficient, the biodegradable stent has the unique ability to open the blocked arteries while still
dissolving into water in 2 years leaving the arteries open without any further damage. Also the
researcher will argue that the medicated stent stent is not the most effective because it has many
problems with future infection. The researcher will also argue that metal stents are impractical
now, the stent themselves are only about 85% effective meaning that they will likely cause the
artery tissue more damage or the artery may reclose. Lastly, the researcher plans to argue about
why the biodegradable stent is the best for three reasons, the biodegradable stent is 100%
biocompatable, 95 percent effective and leave no residue after 14-36 months. Research Design
Model: The researcher is using correlation research and quantitative research to determine the
solution to the research. Correlation research was chosen because the researcher is conducting
research to find the degree of the relationships of the stents with the environment. In more detail,
the researcher is comparing each stent based on how each stents affects the artery and the patient
(economically, and physically). The variables in this research include, the different types of cars
(IV), efficiency and cost (DV), and no stent (CV). Data Collection: The researcher plans to
collect data from analysis of previous journals and experiments, this has been chosen due to the
availability of the variables needed for this experiment, a medicated or biodegradable stent costs
thousands of dollars to buy and the researcher does not have a big enough budget. Therefore the
analysis of other researchers would be the most reasonable because efficiency can only be
determine through actual tests or experiments. Specifically most of the data will be collected
from sources like google scholar along with some journals from advisors and mentors. In order
to make sure the document is one of the researchers, the researcher will state information that
they have obtain from other journals and interpret the data. Along with that, the researcher will
also use the other journals as a guide but use only the data to support the paper.
Product Objectives: The researcher will create a model showing the ideal type of stent. This will
create an efficient description of the stent and the problems with the current stent. If not the
researcher plans to create a commercial portraying two of the three stents as bad and one stent as
the best. The researcher than plans to present this research to the biology classes in order to
better inform the students about stents. One of these two methods will be chosen because they
are both effective at grabbing students attentions and they both will be able to portray the
information. The researcher choose this audience because the audience has taken the class
because they are interested in the field therefore they want to learn more and they would be
interested in the information.
Logistical Constraints: The project will need some iMovie software in order to better catch the
audiences attention. Therefore some software would be required along with some equipment
that could be bought for little to no cost. If the product is to be a model more tangibles would be
required because the product would need to be more advanced, the researcher plans to make a
realistic model therefore sculpting and crafting tools would be necessary. The overall cost will
come to around 50 dollars. For sharing the final product, permission from the biology teacher
may be required because her class would be the targeted audience. A chemistry teacher could be
asked as well because the teacher and their class may be interested in the topic as well. In third

Quarter a timeline will be added that outlines the data collection, product development, and
audience distribution.