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Lincoln Trunnell 1

12-04-2015
Identifying the Mass of Iron (II) in a Vitamin Supplement Tablet
Executive Summary
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the amount of Iron (II) in a vitamin
supplement tablet, through spectrophotometry. The vitamin tablet that was used in this
experiment was circular and beige in appearance. The significance of this experiment is to be
familiar with the types of calculations and instuments used to identify the content of any specific
substance. Spectrophotometry, along with Beer-Lamberts Law are the preferred methods in this
experiment. In this experiment, the average molar absorptivity constant () of four standard Fe
absorbances was 1.099 E4 M-1cm-1 with a standard deviation of 2.826E2. The mass of the tablet
had no average since the absorbance was exactly the same for each trial, so the mass (mg) found
was 29368. Because there is no standard deviation, there is also zero tolerance in the 95%
confidence interval.

Methods
Dropper from Drawer #401
Pipet corrections:
1 mL: 1.104 mL
2 mL: 2.034 mL
5 mL: 4.985 mL
10 mL: 10.029 mL

Reagents:

Hydroquinone: (refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 83 for preparation


methods and instructions)

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12-04-2015

Trisodium citrate: (refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 83 for


preparation methods and instructions)

o-Phenanthroline: (refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 83 for


preparation methods and instructions)

6 M HCl: (refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 83 for preparation


methods and instructions)
Standard Fe (40g Fe/mL): (refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 83 for

preparation methods and instructions)


Procedure:
1. Refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed pages 83-84 for preparation methods
and instructions. However, place the tablet in a 125-mL flask, not in a 100-mL beaker.
2. Refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 84 for preparation methods and
instructions. Measure pH with pH paper, not a glass electrode.
Steps 3-9: Refer to Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 8th ed page 84 for preparation methods and
instructions.

Results
2Fe3+ +
Hydroquinone (FM 110.11)

2Fe2+ +

+ 2H+
Quinone

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12-04-2015

+ Fe2+

(max= 510 nm) Red complex

o-Phenanthroline
(FM 180.21)

Table 1: The Absorbance of the Standard Dilutions


Standard Dilution
Absorbance
Concentration
g Fe
(mL)
0.00
1.00

0.00
0.083

2.00
0.161
5.00
0.386
10.00
0.768
-1
-1
Average (M cm ) (not including 0)
1.099E4

Trials
1
2
3

Table 2: Unknown Fe
Absorbance
0.286
0.286
0.286

0.00
40.56
81.36
199.4
401.16

(M)
0.00
7.263E-6

(M-1cm-1)
0.00
1.143E4

1.456E-5
1.105E4
3.571E-5
1.081E4
7.183E-5
1.069E4
Standard Deviation (s)
2.826E2

Fe (mg)
29.68
29.68
29.68

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12-04-2015

Average

Standard

Average

Standard

Absorbance

Deviation (s)

Fe (mg)

Deviation

29.68

(s)
0.00

0.286

0.00

Table 3: Drops of Citrate Added


10 mL Standard Fe
Unknown

30 gtts
63 gtts

Beer's plot
0.9
0.8
f(x) = 0x + 0
R = 1

0.7
0.6
0.5

Absorbance @ 510nm 0.4


0.3
0.2
0.1
0

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

g Fe (II) Standard

Sample Calculations
M
Pipet correction: 1.014 mL
Standard Fe= 40g/mL
To get g of Fe:

| |

1.014 mL Fe Standard 40 g
=40.56 g Fe (II)
1 mL
Diluted to 100 mL

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12-04-2015

40.56 g 1000 mL 1.06 g 1 mol


6
=7.263
M
100 mL
1L
1 g 55.845 g
A= lc
Solve for (molar absorptivity constant) when the is 510 nm
A=0.083
l= 1cm
c= 7.2636 M
=

A
. 083
4
1
1
=
=1.143 M cm
6
lc (1 cm)(7.263 )

Average :
1.143 4 +1.1054 +1.0814 + 1.0694
=1.0994
4
Standard Deviation:

(1.143E41.099E4)2 +(1.105E41.099E4)2+(1.081E41.099E4)2 +(1.069E41.099E4)2


=2.826E2
4

Unknown Fe Concentration:
Absorbance for Unknown = 0.286
Standard Deviation(s) = 0
Use Equation from the calibration plot to solve for g of Fe unknown
y = 0.0019x + 0.0093
y= absorbance and x=g of Fe standard
solve for g of Fe

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0.286 = 0.0018x + 0.0039
0.286 -0.0039 = 0.0019x
(0.286-0.0039)/0.0019 = x
X= 1.484E2 g of Fe
Since serials dilutions were preformed:
I substituted 10.029 mL for 10 mL dilution
And 4.985 for the 5 mL dilution
y= (1.484E2 g *100 mL) /10.029 mL
y= 1479 g
Now solve for x (concentration of original unknown before it was diluted)
x=(1479 g *100mL)/(4.985mL)
x= 2.968E4 g of unknown Fe
2.968 4

1 mg
= 29.68 mg Fe
|1000
g |

Standard Deviation: 0
95% confidence interval=

ts
n

t95%= 4.303
= 29.68mg ((4.303)(0))/

95% confidence interval = 29.68 0

Discussion
In conclusion, the weight of the unknown Iron (II) in the tablet was found to be at
29.68mg. the confidence interval had zero tolerance and there was no standard deviation. This

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12-04-2015
had me questioning my data, however, after going over my equations I can only conclude that
any error lay with the absorbances obtained for the unknown in trials 1 through 3.

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