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What do you mean by evaporation?

HEAT
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Define the term temperature.
A. Temperature can be defined as the
'degree of hotness or coldness'. It is a
measure of thermal equilibrium.
2. How does sweat cools our body during evaporation?
A. When we work our bodies produce
heat. As a result the temperature of the
skin increases and water in the sweat
glands evaporate from the body. This
evaporation cools the body and it regulates the body temperature.
3. Define the term heat?
A. Heat is a form of energy that flows
from a body at higher temperature to a
body at lower temperature.
4. Define the term calorie?
A. The amount of heat required to raise
the temperature of 1 gram of water by
1C is called calorie. (Here in calorie
'c' should be in small because it indicates gram calorie. Capital C in calorie
indicates food Calorie which is equal
to 1000 gram calories)
1 calorie = 4.186 Joules
5. What do you mean by evaporation?
A. The process of escaping of molecules
from the surface of a liquid at any temperature is called evaporation.
6. Write about the factors that affect
the rate of evaporation?
A. The factors that affect the rate of evaporation are surface area, temperature
and amount of water vapour already
present in the surrounding air.
7. Define condensation?

A. Condensation
can
be
12. Define the term latent heat
defined as "The change of
of vaporization?
phase from gas to liquid".
A. Latent heat of vaporization
8. What is humidity?
can be defined as the amount of
A. The amount of water vapour
heat energy required to change 1
present in air is called
gram of liquid to gas at constant
humidity.
temperature.
9. Explain about the formaIts CGS units: cal/gm and SI
tion of dew?
units: J/Kg.
G.
Shravan
chandra
A. During winter nights, the
13. Distinguish between meltSenior
Faculty
atmospheric
temperature
ing and melting point?
falls down. The air near to
A. Melting: "The process in
the surfaces will be saturated with
which solid phase changes to liquid
vapour and condensation begins. The
phase at a constant temperature is
water droplets condensed on such surcalled melting".
faces are known as 'dew'.
Melting point: This constant temperature is called melting point.
th
14. Define the term Latent heat of fusion?
A. Latent heat of fusion can be defined as
the amount of heat energy required to
10. Explain the formation of fog?
convert 1 gram of solid completely
A. During winter nights, if the temperainto liquid at a constant temperature.
ture falls further, the whole atmosphere in that region contains a large 15. Write about freezing?
amount of vapour and the water mole- A. Freezing: "The process in which a
substance in liquid phase changes to
cules present in vapour condenses on
solid phase by losing some of its enerdust particles in air and form small
gy is called "freezing".
droplets of water. These droplets keep
floating in the air and form a thick
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
mist which restricts visibility. This
thick mist is called as fog.
1. Why is petrol evaporating in Petri
11. Distinguish between boiling and
dish quickly under a fan when comboiling point?
pared to that kept in a closed room?
A. Boiling: "Boiling is a process in which A. The petrol in Petri dish evaporates
the bulk of the liquid from liquid phase
quickly when compared to that kept in
changes to gaseous phase at a constant
a closed room is because of the followtemperature and constant pressure".
ing reason.
Boiling point: The temperature at
1. The blowing air increases the rate of
which the liquid boils is called the
evaporation.
boiling point of the liquid.
2. This is because any molecule escap-

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from the vicinity of the liquid. This
increases the rate of evaporation.
Does the temperature of water rise
continuously if heat is supplied continuously till 100C?
Yes, if heat is supplied to water its
temperature rises continuously till it
reaches 100C. At 100C there will be
no further rise of temperature, because
heat is sterilized to convert water to
water vapour. So, when heat is supplied beyond 100C, all the water is
converted into vapour.
How can you say average kinetic energy of the molecules is directly proportional to absolute temperature?
1. The average kinetic energy of molecules/particles of the hot body is more
than the colder body.
2. Temperature of a body acts as an
indicator in determining the average
kinetic energy of that body.
3. From the above, we conclude that
average kinetic energy of the molecules is directly proportional to the
absolute temperature.
What is the heat energy required to
rise 10 Kg of water from 25C to
75C?
Given m=10 kg = 10,000 gm
t1 = 25C;
t2 = 75C
S = 1 cal/gmC, we know that Q= mST
= 10000 X 1 X (75 - 25) = 10000 X
50; Q = 500000 calories.
If you drink 100 ml of water at
20C. What is the heat gained by
water from your body? (Body temperature is 37C).
m=100g (1ml of water = 1 gm of
water)
S=1 cal/gmC; t1 = 20C; t2 = 37C
Q = mST (T=t2 - t1) = 100 X 1 X (37 20) = 100 X 17 Q = 1700 calories.

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