EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT

IN

HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of
Mr. K. Ravi Kumar

(Asst. Professor)
BAPATLA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

BY
ILLA ANUDEEP RAJ
15GG1M1413

OBJECT:

Study on How to Manage Equipment in the road

construction to optimize the time and cost of the project.

WHY ?

INTRODUCTION
Highway construction projects are the yardstick to measure the development of
country.
Modern construction projects are complex in nature and success of a project
depends greatly on proper and scientific planning.
Equipment management deals with the planning, selection, maintenance of
equipment for reducing the time and cost of operation at the project.

The management of equipment in the road construction is for the proper usage of
the equipment where the cost of equipment in a project varies from 10-30%
of the total cost of project, depending upon the extent of mechanisation.

CONTENTS

Need for mechanization

Factors affecting selection of construction
equipment.
Procedure for selecting of construction equipment in highways.
Financing aspect of construction projects and equipment.
Equipments used in road construction.
Role of operational research in equipment maintenance.

NEED OF MECHANISATION
This arises due to the following reasons
As increase in the size of the highway projects
involving large quantities of material handling.
As increase in complexity of highway projects
involving high grade materials.
High quality standards and importance of
keeping the time schedules needs mechanisation.
Optimum use of material, manpower
maintenance, requires proper equipment.
Shortage of skilled and efficient manpower.

PROCEDURE FOR SELECTION OF

EQUIPMENT
When one wants to consider the planning of
mechanisation of any part of work, the need is to
consider not in the isolation but in interrelationship .it is
necessary to examine the different methods.
Also, it is not just the total quantity produced during a
particular number of days that matters. But it is to be
taken on yearly, monthly, weekly and may be daily basis
allowing for position of work, working day, working
hours available.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Use of equipment available.

Size of equipment.
Suitability of local labor for operating.
Unit cost of production.
Uniformity of type.
Climatic and operational conditions.
Use of standard equipment.

PROCEDURE FOR SELECTING THE EQUIPMENT

PLANNING:
The choice of technology, the definition of work
tasks, the estimation of the required resources and
durations for individual tasks, and the identification of
any interactions among the different work tasks .

PROCEDURE FOR SELECTING EQUIPMENT

SELECTION:
The key decisions in planning and executing
construction project, which affects how the work will be
done, the time required to complete the work, and the
cost that will be accrued.
Once the selection of equipment is made, a choice has to
be made whether to buy, rent, or lease it.
Based on the economic standing and strategy of the firm,
and the nature and frequency of equipment use.

FINANCING ASPECTS OF HIGHWAY

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
FINANCE

Most manufacturers want immediate advance with

orders, varying from 10% to 30%, without any firm
commitment for delivery or any penalty for delays.
The arrangement of finance could be from the
advances given by the project authorities or from the
advances given to the contractors on equipment
purchase.
Now a days, all major contracts allow for advances on
new equipment to be purchased. These are to be
hypothecated and insured. In some cases, even
foreign exchange is made available in contracts for
important of equipment and spares. Finance can also
be arranged from industrial development banks and
leasing companies.

BUY OR HIRE

It may be worthwhile to buy an

equipment which could be utilized for many types
of jobs and fully utilized. But there are some
cases in which the equipment is needed for only a
short period or a particular item of work. In such
cases, it is worthwhile to hire the equipment for a
particular period.
In India, hire of equipment have not taken place
on a scale, as has been done in many other
countries. There are also management problems
in many construction departments about hiring,
maintenance, spares, hours of work, idle time etc.
The different alternatives for equipment
purchase are shown in Fig.no.1

Sources of
equipment

Long term

leased

buy

Down
cash
payment

On loans
mobilize
d

Short
term

Payment in
installment
s

Time lease

Lease with
option to
buy later

CHOICE OF EQUIPMENT
In order to increase job-site productivity, it is beneficial to select
equipment with proper characteristics and a size most suitable for
the work conditions at a construction site. In excavation for
highway, for examples, factors that could affect the selection of
excavators include:

Size of the job

Activity time constraints

Availability of equipment

Cost of transportation of equipment

Type of excavation

Soil characteristics

Space constraints

Characteristics of haul units

Location of dumping areas

Weather and temperature

LIST ,TYPE AND ADVANTAGES OF

EQUIPMENT
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
oDozer

oTractors

oWheel loader

oScrappers

o Cold planer

oHydraulic Truck Cranes

o JCB

oCranes

o Tippers

oCrawler Tractor

o Rock breaker

oFork lift

o Blasting

oLoader Backhoes

o Oil distributer

oMotor Graders

oDumpy tracker

oPavers

oCompactors

oTrenchers

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO USE

A).Standard Equipment:
These are commonly used in projects.
These are manufactured commonly and easily
available from dealer.
Availability and delivery of these are easy and fast.
Repairs and spare parts are easy to carry out.
Unit cost of production is less.

B). Special equipment:

These are used only in special cases.
Special order has to be placed to get such equipment.
these are fabricated as per requirements.
Availability is difficult and delayed.
Repairs and spare parts are difficult to carryout
cannot be disposed off easily.
Unit cost production is high.

Advantages of utilizing the construction equipments:

Increase the rate of output through work progress with
the best effective and reduce the overall construction
costs especially for large efficient methods.
Carry out activities which cannot be done manually or to
do them morecontracts.
Eliminate the
heavy manual work by human economically and much
faster thus reducing fatigue and eliminates various other
hazards and health issues.
Maintain the planned rate of production where there is a
shortage of skilled or maintain the high quality standards
often required by unskilled labour.

DESCRIPCTIONS OF EQUIPMENT

DOZER

LOADER

FORK LIFTS

DUMP TRUCK

GRADERS

SOIL COMPACTORS

ROAD SURFACING EQUIPMENTS

o AGGREGATE SPREADER

FIG.NO 13 ASPHALT KETTLE

ASPHALT KETTLE

LIST OF MANUFACTURING
COMPANIES IN INDIA

Action Construction Equipment Limited (Ace)

Mahindra Construction Equipment
Escorts Construction Equipment
Manufacturers
Apollo Infratech Private Limited
Deccan Construction Equipments & Machinery
Pvt. Ltd.
Macons
Hyundai Construction Equipment India Pvt.
Ltd
Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery Company
Private
JCB India Limited

CONCLUSION

In the construction industry, mainly in the infrastructure

project like highways the choosing of equipment plays a
major role in execution. Hence, we need to manage them to
get maximum efficiency from them

The result found that equipments are maintained

periodically, and not maintaining the minimum time. An
engine has to keep idle for two minutes before and after
usage and not maintaining the proper stock availability of
lubricants and oils that result in poor maintainance while the
vehicle in break down
As a result from calculations that we found SCRAPER
862A,JCB3DX are better to hire than buy for small projects
because the working hours of these equipments are low for
small projects.
Hence, we need to maintain the equipment periodically to
keep them in condition and to get the maximum output from
them. We need to maintain accessories and lubricants
available in the construction site with proper inventory.

REFERENCES

Dr. S. Krishna Murthy and Mr. A. Nagabhushan Rao,

Management of construction equipment,Journal of All
India Council for Technical Education,1989,19-32.
Deodhar, S. V.(2001), Construction Equipment and
Job Planning, Khanna Publisher, Second Edition.
Singh Jagman, (2001)Heavy Construction
Planning, Equipment and Methods, Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., SecondEdition.
S.C.Sharma, Construction Equipment and its
Management(Delhi, Khanna Publishers, 2010)
S.Seetharaman, Construction Engineering and
Management(Delhi, Umesh Publications,2002)