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S T R AT E G Y F O R
C O M B AT I N G
TERRORISM
E B R U A R Y
2 0 0 3
N AT I O N A L
S T R AT E G Y F O R
C O M B AT I N G
TERRORISM
E B R U A R Y
2 0 0 3
N AT I O N A L S T R AT E G Y F O R
C O M B AT I N G T E R R O R I S M
INTRODUCTION1
T H E N AT U R E O F T H E
T E R R O R I S T T H R E A T T O D AY 5
The Structure of Terror6
The Changing Nature of Terrorism7
A New Global Environment7
Interconnected Terrorist Organizations8
Availability of Weapons of Mass Destruction9
Summary10
S T R A T E G I C I N T E N T 11
Victory in the War Against Terror12
GOALS
AND
O B J E C T I V E S 15
C O N C L U S I O N 29
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
iii
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
INTRODUCTION
No group or nation should mistake Americas intentions:
We will not rest until terrorist groups of global reach
have been found, have been stopped, and have been defeated.
P R E S I D E N T G E O R G E W. B U S H
NOVEMBER 6, 2001
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
T H E N AT U R E O F T H E
T E R R O R I S T T H R E A T T O D AY
We have seen their kind before. They are the heirs of all the
murderous ideologies of the 20th century. By sacrificing
human life to serve their radical visionsby abandoning
every value except the will to powerthey follow
in the path of fascism, and Nazism, and totalitarianism.
And they will follow that path all the way, to where it ends:
in historys unmarked grave of discarded lies.
P R E S I D E N T G E O R G E W. B U S H
ADDRESS TO A JOINT SESSION OF CONGRESS
AND THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
SEPTEMBER 20, 2001
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Leadership
Organization
States
International Environment
Underlying
UNDERLYINGConditions
CAUSES
At the top of the structure, the terrorist leadership provides the overall direction and
strategy that links all these factors and thereby
breathes life into a terror campaign. The leadership becomes the catalyst for terrorist action.
The loss of the leadership can cause many
organizations to collapse. Some groups,
however, are more resilient and can promote
new leadership should the original fall or fail.
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Interconnected
Terrorist Organizations
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Figure 2
T R A N S N AT I O N A L T E R R O R I S T N E T W O R K S
Global
al-Qaida
Jemmah Islamiya
Result: Synergy
Regional
Abu
Sayyaf
State
Low
A T I O N A L
High
Threat Severity
T R A T E G Y
Availability of Weapons of
Mass Destruction (WMD)
Weapons of mass destruction pose a direct
and serious threat to the United States and
the entire international community. The
probability of a terrorist organization using
a chemical, biological, radiological, or
nuclear weapon, or high-yield explosives,
has increased significantly during the past
decade. The availability of critical technologies, the willingness of some scientists and
F O R
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Summary
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
10
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
S T R AT E G I C I N T E N T
We must take the battle to the enemy, disrupt his plans
and confront the worst threats before they emerge.
In the world we have entered, the only path to safety is
the path of action. And this nation will act.
P R E S I D E N T G E O R G E W. B U S H
JUNE 1, 2002
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
11
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
12
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Terrorist Catagories
Global
al-Qaida
Reduce
Scope
Regional
Reduce
Capability
Abu
Sayyaf
State
Low
High
Threat Severity
Terrorist Catagories
Global
Reduce
Scope
Regional
al-Qaida
State
Reduce
Capability
Abu
Sayyaf
Low
High
Threat Severity
Terrorist Catagories
Global
Reduce
Scope
Regional
Unorganized
Localized
Non-sponsored
Rare
Reduce
Capability
State
al-Qaida
Low
Figure 3
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
High
Threat Severity
F O R
13
DESIRED ENDSTATE
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
GOALS
OBJECTIVES
AND
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
15
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
16
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
17
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
18
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
19
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
20
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
21
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
Sensitive technology in the hands of terrorists can be just as damaging to our war efforts
as weapons and financing. Therefore, we will
continue to pursue an aggressive strategy that
identifies sensitive information and technology and outlines appropriate steps to
preclude terrorists from obtaining and
exploiting them.
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
22
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
23
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
24
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
25
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
26
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
27
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
28
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
CONCLUSION
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
29
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M
wheremore countries and peoples are integrated into a world consistent with the
interests and values we share with our partnersvalues such as human dignity, rule of
law, respect for individual liberties, open
and free economies, and religious tolerance.
We understand that a world in which these
values are embraced as standards, not
exceptions, will be the best antidote to the
spread of terrorism. This is the world we
must build today.
A T I O N A L
T R A T E G Y
F O R
30
O M B A T I N G
E R R O R I S M