Chapter 3 - Matter

1.

Diagram 1 shows pictures of three different states of matter.

Ice

water
Diagram 1

hydrogen

( a ) ( i ) Match the pictures in Diagram 1 with their arrangement of particles.

Picture

Arrangement of particles

( 3 marks )

( ii ) Which picture in Diagram 1 has a fixed shape and a fixed volume ?

_____________________________________________________ [ 1 mark ]
(b)

Diagram 1.1 shows pictures of the three states of matter.

Air

water

Diagram 1.1
( i ) Label the state of matter in the spaces provided on Diagram 1.1 by using the
following words.

Solid

Liquid

Gas
( 3 marks )

( ii ) What is the difference between matter P and R ?

.
...
( 1 mark )

2.

Diagram 2 shows pictures of three states of matter.

Picture 1

Picture 2

water

Picture 3

air

candle

______________________

______________________
Diagram 2

______________________

( a ) On Diagram 2, label the states of matter for each picture using the following
words.

Solid

Liquid

Gas
( 3 marks )

( b ) Based on Pictures 1 , 2 and 3, draw diagrams to show the arrangement of the

particles in each state of matter.
Picture 1

Picture 2

Picture 3

( 2 marks )
(c)

State one property to differentiate between the states of matter.

( 1 mark )

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3. Diagram 3.1 shows the arrangement of particles in three different states of matter.

Diagram 3.1
(a) Name the three states of matter P,Q and R in Diagram 3.1
P: .
Q: .
R : ..

( 3 marks )

( b) ( i ) Give one example for matter P .

..
( 1 mark )
( ii ) Give a reason for your answer in (b ) i .
.
( 1 mark )
( c)

What is the difference between matter Q and R ?

( 1 mark )

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4. Diagram
4.1 shows three sets of apparatus P, Q and R used in an
experiments to study the movement of particles in a solid, liquid and
gas. Table 4.1 shows the results of the experiments.

Diagram 4.1

Experiment
P
Q
R

Observations
The whole gel turns
purple in colour.
The water turns purple
in colour.
Both gas jars are filled
with smoke.
Table 4.1

Time taken
2 days
2 hours
5 minutes

( a ) i. In which experiment does the movement of particles occur the

slowest?
.
(1 mark)
ii. Arrange the three sets, P, Q and R in the order of the movement
of particles, from the fastest to the slowest.

(1 mark)

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(b)

In experiment R, the smoke rises to the top of the gas jar after a few
minutes.
Why do smoke particles move so quickly in air?
....

(1 mark)

( c)A student realizes that there is a gas leakage in the laboratory.

i. How would he identify that the gas is leaking?
.
(1 mark)
ii. State two actions that the student needs to take before he
reports about the leakage to his science teacher?

.
.
[2 marks]

13

5.

Diagram 5.1 shows the densities of three solids J , K , L and two liquids P and Q

12. 9 g cm

0.35 g cm

1.2 g cm
Q

1.9 g cm

0.9 g cm
Diagram 5.1

( a ) Arrange the solids and liquids in Diagram 4. 1 in sequence of ascending

order based on their densities.

(b)

Solids J , K , L and liquids P and Q are placed in a measuring cylinder . In

Diagram 5.2 , label the positions of the solids and the liquids in the cylinder.

( 3 marks )

14

( c ) Solids N has density of 23.2 g cm . State the position of solid N when it is put
into the cylinder in Diagram 5.2.
.
( 1 mark )

( d ) Using the concept of density, state two examples of application the density in our
daily life.
i.

..

ii.

.
( 2 marks )

15

6.

Diagram 6.1 below shows three objects of various densities placed in the
liquids of various densities.

P
T

Q
U

Diagram 6.1
( a ) Arrange the objects and liquids in descending order of density.
. (1 mark )
( b ) What possible liquids can U and T be?
R:
P:
( 2 marks )
( c ) What possible objects can P and R be ?
P: .
R: ..
( 2 marks )
( d ) State two examples of transportation that uses the principle of density of
matter.
i.

ii .
( 2 marks )

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7.

Table 7.1 shows several substances with different densities.

Material

Density (g/cm)
0.25
2.6
19
0.85
11.4
8.9
0.02
1.0

Cork
Glass
Gold
Teak wood
Lead
Copper
Polystyrene
Water

Table 7.1
( a ) Classify the substances based on whether its sinks or float in the
water.

Sinks in the water

Floats on the water

1.

1.

2.

2.

3.

3.

4.

( b ) Diagram 7.2 shows an experiment carried out to determine the density of the
cork and the stone.

17

Diagram 7.2
i

Name the method used

( 1 mark)

ii

State whether the shape of the stone is regular or irregular

( 1 mark )

( c ) Based on diagram 7.2 ,calculate the volume of the

i.

stone :
Example:

ii.

65cm - 45 cm = 20 cm

cork :

(1 mark)
(d)

Given : Mass of stone =30 gram

Mass of cork =1.20gram
Find the density of stone and cork.
Use the following formula

Density = mass
volume
i.

Stone :

( 2 marks)
ii.

Cork :

(2 marks)

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8.

Table 8.1 shows the densities of some substances.

Substance

Density(g cm)

Solid X

2.6

Solid Y

0.95

Liquid P

0.7

Liquid Q

1.0
Table

8.1

Substances P, Q , X and Y are placed together in a gas jar as shown in diagram

8.2. Liquid P and liquid Q do not mix.

Diagram 8.2

( a ) Draw and label the position of the substances P,Q,X and Y in the gas jar in
diagram 8.2 after they have arranged themselves according to their
densities.
( 4 marks)

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( b ) Diagram 8.3 shows solids P , Q and R in a gas jar containing liquid Y do not
mix.

Diagram 8.3
i.

Compare the densities of the substances

Q and X : P
and R :

X and Y :
P and X :
( 2 marks)
(c)

An object of volume 100 cm has a mass of 260g.

Determine whether the object will sink or float in a liquid of density 13.6g cm.

( 1 mark )

20

9.

Diagram 9 shows an experiment carried out to determine the density of a

stone, with a mass of 21 g.

thread
20 ml

measuring
cylinder
w ater

10 ml

stone

Diagram 9
(a)

Define the density of an object.

..
(1 mark)

(b)

i. Find the volume of the stone.

..
(1 mark)
ii. Calculate the density of the stone.

( 2 marks )
(c)

Name the method used in determining the density of the stone above.
..
(1 mark)

(d)

Suggest a precaution that must be taken during the experiment.

(1 mark)

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10.

Diagram 10 shows an experiment to determine the density of sugar

solution.

Beaker with
3

Empty beaker
mass= 15g

30 cm of sugar solution
mass= 100g
Diagram 10

( a ) What is meant by density?

..
(1 mark)
( b ) Based on the information in Diagram 3, calculate the mass of
sugar solution used.

(1 mark)
( c ) i. Calculate the density of sugar solution.

(2 marks)
ii.

Suggest one way to increase the density of sugar solution.

(1 mark)

( d ) What happens to an eraser if it is dropped into the beaker of

sugar solution above?
(Density of eraser = 3.30 g/cm3 )
.
(1 mark)

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11. Diagram 11 shows five object U,V,W.X and Y

hydrogen
Fizzy drink

Diagram 11
Observe the object in diagram 11.

(a ) Based on your observation. State the form of matter of any four of

objects.

U: .
V: .
W: .
X::
Y :
( 4 marks)

23

b.

Classify the object U, V, W.X and Y into three groups based on form of
matter. Name the objects belonging to each group.

U, V, X, W and Y

Form of
matter

Examples

. ( 4 marks )

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