Jawaid Talha et al.

IRJP 2 (8) 2011 26-30

ISSN 2230 8407

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

Available online http://www.irjponline.com
Review Article

HYPERTENSION AND HERBAL PLANTS

Jawaid Talha*, Maddheshiya Priyanka, Awasthi Akanksha
Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, India
Article Received on: 20/06/11 Revised on: 25/07/11 Approved for publication: 09/08/11
*Email: talhajawaid78@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
High blood pressure, termed "hypertension," is a condition that afflicts almost 1 billion people worldwide and is a leading cause of morbidity
and mortality. More than 20% of Americans are hypertensive, and one-third of these Americans are not even aware they are hypertensive.
Therefore, this disease is sometimes called the "silent killer." This disease is usually asymptomatic until the damaging effects of hypertension
(such as stroke, myocardial infarction, renal dysfunction, visual problems, etc.) are observed. Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary
artery disease and "heart attacks," which may require coronary artery bypass surgery.
This study describes the antihypertensive activities present in herbal plants. Herbal medicine has made many contributions to commercial
drug preparations manufactured today herbal medicine has been losing ground to new synthetic medicines touted by scientists and physicians
to be more effective and reliable.
Keywords: Hypertension, Medicinal plants, Antihypertensive herbal plants.

INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of
death worldwide. Hypertension is the most common
cardiovascular disease and a major public health problem
in both developed and developing countries. The disease
affects both sexes and more and more patients are
turning up at younger ages. Hypertension is the leading
member of the group of so called non-communicable
diseases (NCD) and a leading Contributory cause of
death worldwide.4 It is believed that hypertension
contributes about 57 per cent towards all deaths from
strokes and 24 per cent towards all deaths from coronary
artery disease.
Hypertension is reported to be the fourth contributor to
premature death in developed countries and the seventh
in developing countries. High blood pressure is the most
common and responds well to lifestyle changes, such as
losing weight, dietary changes, exercise, and stress
reduction. Natural treatment of essential hypertension

Plant name
Carom capticum

can bring blood pressure values into the normal range;

however, if lifestyle changes are not maintained,
hypertension will probably return. Secondary
hypertension has an organic cause (i.e., kidney disease,
pregnancy) and must be evaluated and monitored by a
physician since the underlying cause must also be
addressed. It often takes some time to find the best
treatment for pulmonary hypertension.
CONCLUSION
Herbal medicines are being used by about 80% of the
world population particularly in the developing countries
for the primary health care. The natural products should
be considered as the best in primary health care because
of better cultural acceptability, safety, potent,
inexpensive and lesser side effects. Several herbal
medicines and supplements have been studied as
potential therapeutic agents in the management of
hypertensionanditsrelatedcomplications.

PLANTS CONTAINING ANTIHYPERTINSIVE ACTIVITY

Ayurvedic /common namePart usedAntihypertensive & other beneficial effects
Ajvan

Leaves

Oleo europaea

Olive tree

Leaves

Lepidium sativum

Garden cress

Leaves

Eucommi Bark

Leaves

Eucommia ulmoides
Laelia autumnalis
Tribulus terrestris

IRJP 2 (8) August 2011

Autumn Flowering Laelia

Tribulus

Roots
Leaves

Antihypertensive, Antispasmodic
Antihypertensive, Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant

Reference
2
3

Antihypertensive, Diuretic

Antihypertensive

Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant
Antihypertensive, Vasodilator

6
7

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Jawaid Talha et al. IRJP 2 (8) 2011 26-30

Mesona procumbens

Vanilla

Errachidia province
Phyllanthus urinaria

Errachidia
Bhuiaonla

Cuscuta japonica

Japanese dodder

Agastache Mexicana

Mexican Giant Hyssop

Tropaeolum majus

Indian Cress

Laelia anceps

Seed
Leaves
fruit, leaf,
flower
Leaves

Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive, Diabetes mellitus
Antihypertensive, Anti- inflammatory

8
9
10

Antihypertensive

11

Bark

Antihypertensive

12

Antihypertensive

13

The bull

Seed, leaf,
flower
Roots

Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant

Cocos nucifera

Coconut palm

Seed

Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant

15

Coriandrum sativum

Coriander

Fruit

Antihypertensive, Dyspepsia

16

Elettaria cardamomum

Cardamom

Fruit

Guazuma ulmifolia

Rudrakshi

Bark

Fritillaria ussuriensis
maxim.
Clerodendron
trichotomum
Tanacetum vulgare L.

Spring wild flower

Bulb

Antihypertensive

19

Glory Tree

Stem

Antihypertensive

20

Saunf

Leaf

Aronia mitchurinii

Chokeberry

Hibiscus sabdariffa

Jamaica sorrel

Cecropia pachystachya

Antihypertensive ,Vasorelaxant

Antihypertensive , Vasorelaxant

17
18

21

Antihypertensive

22

Leaves

Antihypertensive

23

Ambay

Leaves

Antihypertensive

24

Borago officinalis

Borage

Leaves

Antihypertensive, Vasodilator

25

Loranthus ferrugineus

Benalu

Leaves

Antihypertensive, Vasodilator

26

Lepechinia caulescens

Pitcher Sage

Leaves

Antihypertensive

27

Periploca laevigata

Periploca laevigata

Bark, Roots

Antihypertensive

28

Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive

29
30

Antihypertensive

31

Leonurus cardiaca var

Eugenia uniflora

Guma
Pinang

Fruit

Antihypertensive

14

Aerial parts
Leaves

Citrus limetta

sweet lemon

Fruit

Cirsium japonicum

Five flavour berry

whole plant

Averrhoa carambola

Starfrui

Leaves

Valeriana wallichii
Allium sativum
Astragalus
complanatus
Erythroxylum
gonocladum
Melothria
maderaspatana
Sclerocarya birrea
Achillea millefolium
Phyllanthus acidus
Panax ginseng
Geum japonicum

Cudrania tricuspidata
Graptopetalum
paraguayense

Valerian Jatamansi
Garlic
Gurmar

Rhizome
Fruit

Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive, Vasopressor

32
33
34
35

Seeds

Antihypertensive

36

Aerial parts

Antihypertensive

37

Melon-gubat

Leaves

Marula
Plumajillo
Rai awla
Ninjin
Daikon-sou

Mandarin melon berry

Ghost Plant

Antihypertensive, Hemorrhage

Antihypertensive, Antioxidant

38

Stem- bark
Leaves
Leaves
Roots
Leaves

Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant
Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive
Antihypertensive, Immunomodulator
Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant

39
40
41
42
43

Leaves
Leaves

Antihypertensive, Renal dysfunction

Antihypertensive

44
45

Echinodorus
grandiflorus
Antrodia camphorata

Corazn

Leaves

Antihypertensive ,Anti-inflammatory

46

Niuchangchih

Antihypertensive ,Liver disease

47

Polyalthia longifolia

Ashoka

Fruiting
bodies
Bark, Root

Jatropha gossypiifolia
L.
Solanum torvum
Globimetula cupulata

Red physic nut

Leaves

Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant

49

Susumber
Guinea-bissau balanta

Fruits
Leaves

Antihypertensive, Cardiac hypertrophy

Antihypertensive , Hypoglycemic

50
51

IRJP X (X) X 2011

Antihypertensive

48

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Jawaid Talha et al. IRJP 2 (8) 2011 26-30

Crocus sativus

Saffron

Stigma

Antihypertensive

52

Momordica charantia
Harpephyllum caffrum
Bernh
Salvia cinnabarina

Bitter Melon
Wild plum

Whole plant
stem, bark

Antihypertensive, Diabetes
Antihypertensive, Diabetes

53
54

Galeotti

Leaves

Antihypertensive

55

Catharanthus roseus

Vinca rosea

Leaves

Ulmus macrocarpa
Saururus chinensis

Large-fruited Elm
San bai cao

Root bark
Root

Antihypertensive,
Hypolipidemic
Antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant
Antihypertensive , Vasorelaxant

Retama raetam Forssk

White Weeping Broom

Leaves

Antihypertensive , Diuretic

59

Passiflora edulis rind

Opuntia dillenii
cladodes
Pleurotus nebrodensis

Passion Fruit
Sweet Prickly Pear

Leaves
Leaves

Antihypertensive, Vasodilator
Antihypertensive

60
61

White Ferula
Mushroom
Black cumin
Akar Sebiak
Radish
African apple
Gaertn

Fruits

Nigella sativa
Gynura procumbens
Raphanus sativus
Mammea africana
Coscinium fenestratum

Calycotome villosa
Buddleja crispa

Spiny Broom
Himalayan Butterfly Bush

63
64
65
66
67

Leaves
Leaves

Antihypertensive ,Vasorelaxant
Antihypertensive, Antispasmodic

68
69

Leaves

Persea americana Mill

Ficus exasperate

Avocado
Brahma's Banyan

Leaves
Leaves

Jacaranda
mimosaefolia
Artemisia herba alba

Jacaranda

Gastrodia elata Blume

Alecrim-de-tabuleiro
Rhizoma Gastrodia Elatae

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