Waihopai to Expand -

Second Dome and Spying on

International Phone Calls (see page 2)

Can you spot the real spy? This impromptu job interview took place on the afternoon of
14 November 1997 at the Waihopai main gate. No members of the ABe were shortlisted for jobs
at the soon-to-be-expanded spybase.

In this issue: page

• National Petition to abolish the GCSB launched in Blenheim 2
• Waihopai to be expanded 2
• Intelligence agencies and the operation of the Privacy Act 4
• Sissy Bits 5
• Menwilh Hill - The Battle continues 8
• Australian Intelligence - Cockups and deceit 9
• CIA File - 50 years of scandals and bungling 11
• Harewood - Kiwi workers lose jobs with US Navy departure 16
• Update on US military and Antarctic flights at Christchufch Airport 17
• Defence spending - but extra ANZAC frigates dead in the water 19
• Organiser Report 21
 al P etit ion to A b olis h the GCSB Launched in Blenheim
Nation
ABC has a busy weekend
Members of the national Anti-Bases Campaign
met in the Marlborough region the weekend of 1 4
- 16 November to engage in a few activities
focussed on Waihopai and its nefarious business.
Friday was Show Day in Canterbury, so the
Christchurch contingent took advantage of the
holiday to stage a lightning strike at the Waihopai
base to set the mood for the weekend. The cover
photo of this issue shows the extremely tense
confrontation that occurred at the main gate of the
base. (In case you aren't sure just who the real
spy is, it's the chap with the tie.) We walked the
few hundred meters from the farm gate to the
main gate of the high security prison that holds the
spies and protects them from the New Zealand
public. The walk was refreshing not just because
of the blustery nor'wester, but because it has been
several years since we were last able to do that at
an annual demonstration.
But this visit was not an annual demo; it was
totally unexpected. There wasn't a cop in sight.
We could have had our way with the place. But of
course we preferred to behave in a "childish" and
peaceful manner. Our spy outfits did not fool Mr
Bruce Miller, the officer in charge, as he did not
treat our requests to apply for spy jobs seriously.
Ever the good spook, Mr Miller remained amicable
but tight-lipped as we plied rllm with questions
about the base, including how soon the
construction of the new dome would start. He also
asked us to leave or he would call the cops. So
we ambled back to the farm gate, which was
unlocked, and departed.
Waihopai Expansion
The long-awaited expansion of the Waihopai spy
station, officially known as the Defence Satellite
Communications Unit (Blenheim), was announced
by the Government in July 1997. Waihopai was
planned and built in the 1 980s, with the low-key
"ribbon-cutting" by fledgling Prime Minister
Geoffrey Palmer on 8 September 1 989. Peace
Researci1er No. 1 7 carried Owen Wilkes'
backgrounder on the as yet unbuilt station in early
1 988. Colin Hanson, retiring director of the
Government Communications Security Bureau
(GCSB) which runs Waihopai, was quoted as
saying " . . . in all probability there will be another
Peace Researcher - Page 2
•
Saturday was Blenheim Petition and Information
Day. We inadvertently chose a local garden
festival day to launch a petition in Waihopai's host
city. So the place was packed with people.
Several ABCers ventured into the city centre for a
couple of hours to pass out leaflets and gather
signatures on the brand new petition to Parliament
to abolish the GCSB and close Waihopai and
Tangimoana. We all agreed that it was a useful
exercise. We got over a hundred signatures and
distributed several hundred green leaflets
explaining the functions of the GCSB and the base
and our reasons for wanting them abolished.
Most Blenheimites knew about Waihopai and
many were sympathetic to our cause. Not
surprisingly. Blenheim is undoubtedly the best
informed city in New Zealand about Waihopai.
Even an ex-Army bloke signed the petition,
complaining that Waihopai siphons off money that
should go to the Army for more troops and
weapons. We note in passing that frigates also
are none too popular with the Army for some
reason.
The remainder of the weekend was spent in
meetings focused on the broader aspects of the
campaign. You will be hearing more about this in
coming months. In the meantime, we want to
gather signatures on the petitio n - as many as
possible. A copy of the petition is being supplied
to subscribers. If you would like more copies,
please feel free to photocopy more or let us know
and we will send you a supply. Future issues of
PR will spell out the reasons for the petition and
what we hope to accomplish with it.
- Bob Leonard
dish".' (He also said there would be no golfball-like
radome covering the dish. He was quickly proved
wrong on that one.)
ABC has long expected the expansion:
construction of a second antenna to be covered by
another big white radome. Although we cannot
see the existing dish because of the radome, it is
likely that the dish has a fixed orientation and can
only target a single communications satellite.
1Quotes from Marb
l orough
� f" '/r''''''�
According to Nicky Hager in his book Secret
Power,' that satellite was Intelsat 701, a
geostationary satellite at longitude 174°E. It was
known to carry virtually all of the international
communications of South Pacific nations. Number
701 was due to be replaced by Intelsat 801 in
1996, so Waihopai has probably been retargetted.
But other satellites are also juicy targets for spying
in our neighbourhood, and the appetite of the
international intelligence brotherhood seems
insatiable. Waihopai's sister station in coastal
Western Australia near Geraldton has four dishes,
even though it opened four years after Waihopai.
Other big UKUSA listening posts around the globe
continue to expand, most notably the already vast
US facility at Menwith Hill in England'
Waihopai's expansion will approximately double its
intelligence-gathering capacity according to The
NZ Herald in its lead story of 3 1 July 1997. Citing
peripatetic SIGINT expert Nicky Hager, the article
noted that the new dish would probably target yet
another Intelsat-ellite (possibly a repositioned
number 701, or 703, currently covered by
Geraldton). As if NZ were not doing enough to spy
on its South Pacific neighbours on behalf of its
UKUSA partners in the USA, UK, Canada and
Australia, our government is prepared to spend
several million more dollars expanding a facility of
dubious worth to its citizens. Don't be mislead by
silly statements that the money is already in the
GCSB accounts and not a new allocation. It's still
your tax money.
So the physical expansion comes as no surprise.
The accompanying change in the Crimes Act
should not be surprising either. But it signals
much greater intrusion by Waihopai into the
international communications of New Zealanders.
The ABC Made Us Do It
If you read your PR dutifully, you might recall our
trying to make an issue of the special treatment
that intelligence agencies get in the Crimes Act
(because the Act is out of date) and the Privacy
Act (deliberate exemptions for spying). Both acts
are now getting some attention, perhaps in some
measure because of our inquiries and articles in
PR (Nos. 1 1 and 12). The following article
discusses the Privacy Act. Here we discuss the
move by the government to exempt the GCSB
and the Security Intelligence Service frorn
provisions of the Crimes Act.
2Hager. NICky, Secret Power - New Zealand's role in the
International Spy Network, Craig potton Publishing, Nelson, NZ,
pp299
3News, The Campaign for the Accountability of American Bases,
April/May 1997, No 2 UKUSA refers to the 5 signatory countries
. .
of the 1947 UKUSA agreement: US, UK, Canada, New Zealand
and Australia
Peace Researcher - Page 3
We confronted the GCSB earlier in 1997 about the
issue of domestic spying. The GCSB claimed that
it was prevented from spying on New Zealanders
by section 216 of the Crimes Act 1964. It soon
became clear that the Act covered only oral
communications; it was written before the age of
digital communication. So the GCSB could
intercept faxes, telexes and emails without
violating the Crimes Act. And it has done so right
from the first days of operation of Waihopai. But
the game of intercepting and recording telephone
conversations was another matter. It required not
only considerable improvements in technical
capabilities at Waihopai; it also required a change
in the Crimes Act.
So the expansion and upgrade of the Waihopai
facilities will not only increase the base's capacity
for spying to a second satellite, it also means
Waihopai will soon be able to listen to and record
international phone calls involving New
Zealanders. If that were not the intention there
would have been no need to change the Crimes
Act.
In our exchanges with the GCSB, its director Ray
Parker refused to define "domestic spying". He
simply denied they did it and resorted to semantic
games. But the Waihopai upgrade and the new
provisions of the Crimes Act guarantee that soon
your overseas phone calls will be fair game for
satellite interception and covert recording. If you
or your overseas speaker utter any key word that
is of interest to the GCSB, or more likely its
foreign masters, the computer will initiate the
recording of your phone conversation. If the
analysts consider your conversation to be
sufficiently provocative, it will end up in a report
routed to any UKUSA country expressing an
interest (most likely the ones that specified the key
word you uttered).
qr
Here Is How The Crimes Act Has Been
Changed ...
"The Crimes [exemption of listening device] Order
1997.
Exemption of listening device -
The listening device consisting of all apparatus
installed, operated, or used for the reception of
radio communications and telecommunications at
the Defence Satellite Communications Unit
[Blenheim] [which Unit is operated by the
Government Communications Security Bureau
and located in the Marlborough District] is, by the
order, exempted from the provisions of Part IXA of
the Crimes Act 1961."
Intelligence Agencies and the Operation of the Privacy Act
The current review of the Privacy Act 1 993 was
set in motion by section 26 of the Act itself.
(Submissions closed in November 1997.) That
section provides for "Review of operation of Act
[sic] as soon as practicable" after three years from
commencement of the section. Review must also
take place at intervals of not more than five years
thereafter. The sections of the Act of interest to
ABC obviously relate primarily to the intelligence
organisations. This is one of only two or three
laws in which the GCSB is mentioned.
In PR No. 1 1 we asked in our lead article: "Is the
GCSB a lawless agency?" In the article we
referred to several pieces of NZ legislation that
are relevant to that question. The Privacy Act, in
addition to the Crimes Act (discussed in the article
above), is a key law affording very special
treatment to the GCSB and SIS. Section 6 of the
Act contains twelve information privacy principles.
The two intelligence agencies are, in section 57,
exempted from principles 1 to 5 and 8 to 1 1 ,
inclusively. We focussed on principles 1 and 4 as
they effectively give permission to the agencies to
collect information even if the purpose is unlawful,
and to collect the information by unlawful means if
necessary. So we asked the rather logical
question quoted above.
We are no longer alone in questioning the wisdom
of those exemptions. The Privacy Commissioner
has published Discussion Paper No. 1 1 in which
he outlines the facts we have just described and
suggests " ... that now may be the time to apply
more of the remaining principles to intelligence
organisations". The four principles he considers to
be most appropriate are 1 , 5 , 8 and 9. Principle 1
(lawful purpose) we have mentioned. Number 5
pertains to storage and security of personal
information; number 8 pertains to the accuracy of
personal information; and number 9 pertains to the
length of time personal information might
reasonably be kept.
ABC agrees that all four of t hose exemptions
should be removed from the GCSB and the SIS.
And why not the rest? Particularly number 4 which
allows unlawful means to be employed by the
spies in gathering information.
Privacy principle 1
From the AgL
"Purpose of collection and personal information
Personal information shall not be collected by any
agency unless-
(a) the information is collected for a lawful
purpose connected with a function or activity
of the agency; and
Peace Researcher - Page 4
(b) the collection of the information is
necessary for that purpose."
The Commissioner's discussion gives no specific
reason why he believes this principle s hould apply
to the GCSB. But he does say, "In the context of
the SIS the lawful purpose will be linked to the
definition of 'security' as set out in the New
Zealand Security Intelligence Service Act 1 969".
A parallel statement cannot be made with regard
to the GCSB because there is no GCSB Act. This
is a vital issue - the GCSB operates in a legal
vacuum. It is very telling that the Privacy
Commissioner literally has nothing to refer to in
giving guidance about the GCSB in his Discussion
Paper. You can read the SIS Act and get a pretty
clear idea why the SIS exists, whether or not you
agree with its existence. The NZ government
provides New Zealanders with nothing on the
GCSB. Fortunately, you can read Nicky Hager's
book and get a pretty good idea why we should
push hard for the GCSB to be covered by privacy
principle 1.
Privacy principle 4
From the Act:
"Manner of collection of personal information
Personal information shall not be collected by an
agency -
(a) By unlawful means; or
(b) By means t hat, in the circumstances of the
case, -
(i) Are unfair; or
(ii) Intrude to an unreasonable extent
upon the personal affairs of the
individual concerned."
The Cornmissioner is silent on this one, except to
invite submiSSions dealing with it as well as
numbers 2, 3, 1 0 and 1 1 on which he is also silent.
It is interesting to surmise on the reasons for the
Commissioner's apparent position on number 4.
Why should the GCSB and SIS be allowed to
ignore the law in their choice of collection
methods? A simple answer might be that spies
are a necessary evil in society and that t heir
means of doing business are necessarily
sometimes illegal, for ordinary citizens. So
society, including its privacy guardian, agrees
tacitly to accept those means as the price of
obtaining valuable intelligence.
If that � the answer (and the odds are it is), then
the question becomes - Who controls the extra­
legal activities of GCSB and SIS spies and do
valuable
t hose activities actually produce
intelligence?
Continued next page c?"�
 Fightback Against SIS Break-In and Official Cover-Up
PR 1 0 & 1 1 gave a detailed account of the July
1 996 bungled SIS break-in at the Christchurch
home of GATT Watchdog activist, Aziz Choudry,
during the Trading With Our lives Alternative
Forum (held to coincide with the APEC Trade
Ministers Meeting in Christchurch), The break in
was interrupted by fellow activist and University of
Canterbury academic, David Small, who had
called round to collect some things from Aziz's
house, For their pains, both Aziz and David were
subjected to police raids on their homes, in
connection with a very dubious fake bomb
(described in police files as being labelled "APEC
bomb"I,) left outside the Christchurch City Council
building,
It was a very, very murky affair. The State
clammed up, confirming public and media
speculation that it was indeed the SIS (they can't
even do a simple break-in), Rather than revisit the
issue here, we suggest you refresh your memory
from the PR back issues, David Small laid a
complaint with the Police Complaints Authority,
which has yet to be resolved, Both David and Aziz
also laid complaints with the Inspector General of
Intelligence and Security, the first such case under
the 1 996 intelligence and security agencies
legislation,
The Inspector General, judge Laurie Greig,
released his report in June 1 997 (the
unexpurgated version went to the Prime Minister,
who is the Minister in Charge of the SIS, Bolger
declined to release it), The public version can be
summed up in one word - Whitewash, "I am
satisfied that the NZSIS had no part directly or
indirectly in instigating, promoting or providing
information to the Police to proceed in any way
against the complainants in connection with the
hoax bomb, break-in or any other event or
incident. I am equally satisfied that the NZSIS had
vi" continued from previous page...
The answers to that two-part question for the
GCSB are resoundingly negative, Parliamentary
oversight of the GCSB is woefully inadequate and
there is no evidence whatsoever that the signals
intelligence gathered at Waihopai benefits New
Zealand, But we pay for it with our taxes, with
serious incursions into our privacy, and with
damaged relations with South Pacific neighbours
because we spy on them and pass the information
on to Big Brother overseas,
ABC has made a submission to the Privacy
CommisSioner on these matters, We hope he is
listening,
Peace Researcher - Page 5
- Murray Horton
no part, directly or indirectly, in the hoax bomb, I
accept the assurances of the Director General,
Any other conclusion would defy reason and
credibility", As for the break-in, Greig concluded:
"My conclusions are that the actions and
procedures which affected the complainants were
lawful, reasonable and justified, No crime or
offence was committed",ln the result then, my
conclusion was that the complaint could not be
upheld, This was not a case for any
recommendation of any form of redress or other
remedy" (PR 1 3 ran a very detailed analysis of
this),
Funnily enough, neither Aziz nor David was
satisfied by this report, They took it back into the
political arena, seeing MPs of several parties and
released it to the media, The Leader of the
Opposition, Helen Clark, who sits on the PM's
handpicked Intelligence and Security Agencies
Committee (see PR 1 3 for details), was no help,
She wrote to David (1 9/8/97) : "It is difficult for me
to see how the matter can be carried further when
the Inspector General is adamant after making a
full inquiry that the 'actions and procedures which
affected the complainants directly or indirectly
were lawful, reasonable and justified', Further, with
reference to the intrusion of 1 3 July (1 996), the
Inspector General is forthright in stating that 'no
crime or offence was committed on 1 3 July', There
is no reason for me to doubt that the Inspector
General is a man of integnty and would not have
reached this conclusion without being certain that
it was justified, Therefore I doubt that there is
anything to gain from taking the matter further", As
for the Inspector General himself, he replied
(1 1 /7/97) to Aziz: "",I am unable to clarify the
matter further than is set out in my advices, I am
unable therefore to make any further comment",
To mark the first anniversary of the break-in, a
press statement was released by Rev Brian
Turner, manager of Trade Aid, It called for a fully
independent public inquiry into the incident. This
was backed by: Corso, Christian World Service,
CAFCA, Christchurch Community Law Centre, the
Anti-Bases Campaign, the Association of
University Staff and GATT Watchdog, Turner said
"The botched SIS break in has been matched by a
botched reporLit implies that they (Aziz and
David) were justifiable targets for investigation and
harassment by both the SIS and the Police",it is
clear that we cannot take such rights (free speech
and legitimate public dissent) for granted"," (press
statement; 1 4/7/97; "NZ Organisations Endorse
Anniversary Call For Independent Public SIS
Inquiry")
 Aziz Choudry to Sue SIS - Fighting Fund Launched

In October 1997, Aziz announced that he is taking
a legal case against the SIS and has engaged
prominent Auckland Queen's Counsel , Or Rodney
Harrison, to act as senior legal counsel in the
case. A fighting fund, the Democratic Rights
Defence Fund, is being launched to raise money
to cover the costs of the legal action.
In a press release, Aziz said that the break-in,
which took place within two weeks of new
legislation (the 1996 New Zealand Security
Intelligence Service Amendment Act) expanding
the scope of SIS targets , confirms concerns that
critics of the Government's free-market policies
are now fair game for the SIS. He said that the
break-in puts the lie to assurances contained
within the legislation and reiterated by the Prime
Minister that remaining within the law is a
guarantee of freedom from SIS operations and
that the SIS would not be used against legitimate
political dissenters.
Or Jim Stuar!, Minister of the Church of St
Andrews on the Terrace, Wellington; Leigh
Cookson of Corso; Murray Horton, CAFCA and
Anti-Bases Campaign organiser; and Nicholas
McBride of the Christchurch Community Law
Centre. The fundraising target is $20,000.
"GATT Watchdog believes that human rights
violations and the suppression of legitimate
dissent go hand in hand with the market model of
development which APEC promotes. Last year's
actions set a dangerous precedent for the targeting
of any New Zealand organisations, unions or
individuals who exercise their democratic right of
dissent and free speech against government
policies in the future, especially bearing in mind
the fact that New Zealand will host the major 1999
APEC meetings. If it can happen to me - you could
be next. The SIS - and their political masters -
must be called to account. This legal case is one
way to do that" (ibid)

"It is clear that such promises were made to be

broken. The only conceivable reasons for the
break-in arose from my involvement with GATT

[DlO INI@J'fll 0 IN, 55

Watchdog, which works to expose and oppose the
APEC agenda and my role in organising an
alternative forum critical of free trade held just
prior to the APEC Trade Ministers Meeting here in
Christchurch. This is thoroughly unacceptable"
(20/101 97;"GATT Watchdog Activist Launches
Legal Action Against SIS Over Bungled 1996
Break-in; Prominent Auckland QC To Take Case'
!l>fLIIIO§:i'£llln( IK(�l\mlJ
'

Fighting Fund Launched "). for the

Aziz intends to sue the SIS for substantial [tlJ[c,i"i:IN!([i", rr'I\!IN![I))
damages for trespass and unreasonable search. A can be sen t to:
letter of claim has been sent to the Director of
PO Box 1905,
Security asking him to confirm or deny that the two
men involved in the break-in were indeed SIS Christch urch.
operatives and/or were acting on behalf of the
Service. The letter complains of the civil wrong of
trespass, and of unreasonable search contrary to
Section 21 of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act

r\
1990.

�I
The Democratic Rights Defence Fund has been , 1

set up to encourage people to publicly endorse the • j

need for legal action in this case, and to raise and
account for the money needed to take this action. /
/'
The Fund's committee comprises Or Jane Kelsey,
Professor of Law, Auckland University; Maxine
Gay, President of the New Zealand Trade Union
Federation;

Peace Researcher - Page 6

 Want A Job?
This whole saga arose in the context of an APEC
Ministerial meeting, in Christchurch. In 1 999, New
Zealand has the dubious honour of hosting the
annual APEC Leaders' Summit (see PR 1 3 for
details). That will be in Auckland, but there will be
Ministerial meetings in Rotorua, Wellington and
Christchurch. The Secret State is gearing up - in
August 1 997, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and
Trade placed newspaper ads for the Security
Coordinator for APEC 1 999. "You should have
professional and personal qualities recognised in
the security/intelligence communities and a proven
record in coordinating security arrangements for
similar high profile meetings.
Whe re Do Old Spies Go?
Into the booming private police industry, that's
where. There is a constant haemorrhaging of
senior, experienced police, leaving the country's
thin blue line in the hands of much younger,
inexperienced cops. A lot of these senior officers
are taking their expertise with them and setting up
private security firms. One such is Corporate
Risks (NZ) Ltd, "which will specialise in
sophisticated criminal and civil investigations,
embracing anything from extortion threats to
debugging" (Cilristchu(cll Mail, 1 4/7/97; "Police go
private"). The company is headed by Quentin
Doig, former head of the National Bureau of
Criminal Intelligence at Police National HQ.
"Under Mr Doig's direction, the unit was
responsible for the selection and training of
undercover agents, coordination of criminal
intelligence functions throughout the country,
police terrorist intelligence (now the Threat
Assessment Unit) and the National Bomb Data
Centre" (ibid). His partners are former Wellington
Detective Sergeant Carl Berryman and former
Christchurch Detective Inspector Kevin Burrowes.
THE POLITICIAN
SOMEONE FROM INTELLIGENCE
15 HERE TO SEE You.
Peace Researcher - Page 7
"You should be familiar with Police and New
Zealand Defence Force operation systems, with
knowledge and experience of Government
procedure relating to Guests of Government,
including protocol requirements.
"You should be a New Zealand citizen, a strong
team player with a proven ability to lead and
coordinate staff and ideally hold a current top
secret security clearance" (Press, 2/8/97).
Applications closed soon afterwards. The lucky
candidate has not been named.
Here's the interesting bit:
"The team includes former Security Intelligence
Service operator David Horsborough, a building
security analyst with a 21 year police background,
including 1 8 years in the Criminal Investigation
Branch. Mr Horsborough, a video surveillance
installation specialist who served five years with
the SIS, is technology director in the new
enterprise ... "(ibid). PR has said it before and we
say it again - the Mail, which could more
accurately be called the Junk Mail, is a most
unlikely source for these gems on the SIS (and the
police, for that matter). What we are seeing is a
most disturbing private industry growing, run by
people with extensive background in intelligence
work, either with the police or the spies. It parallels
the global trend for ex soldiers, particularly of the
SAS variety, to become hired guns for Big
Business (see PR 1 3 for detailed coverage of
that). It is a particularly dangerous privatisation.
\ By David Fleteher
TURN THE KNOB
AND PUSH.

PR has regularly run reports about the Women's
Peace Camp outside the huge US National
Security Agency (NSA) spybase at Menwith Hill, in
Britain. These indomitable women have been
there for years, including during bitter winters. Nor
do they passively sit outside the base - with
monotonous regularity they enter it and make life
miserable for the American spies. They marked
Nagasaki Day 1 997 in the most direct way
possible.
"Menwith Hill is the largest NSA base in the world,
with 26 radomes (by comparison, Waihopai has
one, with a second planned. Eel). There are
currently three more planned. It is juxtaposed with
Forest Moor, the UK Trident nuclear submarine
naval communications base.
"On August 9 feminist peace activists at
Menwith Hill Women's Peace Camp
taped off the entrances to the Trident
�
. '
,.
communications base at Forest Moor and
the entrance to the US-NSA base across
,(\ _
W
the road, Menwith Hill. The red and white
pOlice tape was festooned with signs
reading "Scene of the Crime. Scrap
Trident". About 1 2 women and children
participated in the action; two women were
arrested carrying bolt cutters inside the Forest
Moor base and charged with criminal damage; two
other women were arrested inside Menwith Hill
and charged with criminal trespass under the new
military bylaws there. The arrests took place
around 9 pm. The first two women were released
with police bail conditions at 2 am, and the other
two at 3.30 am.
"Earlier in the morning, at 9.02 am, all the women
at camp had maintained a silent vigil to honour the
dead at Nagasaki and Hiroshima, and a graffiti
message about Hiroshima and Nagasaki was
made on the road just next to the camp... During
the action we all felt it was a wonderful thing to be
connected to so many other people around the
world who are using NVDA (non violent direct
action) to protest nuclear policies...
"
The action was held: " .. ,in solidarity with the A­
Days action at NATO headquarters, to protest the
illegality of nuclear weapons, and the illegality of
the communications systems at the base being
used to support these weapons. The forerunner of
the US National Security Agency, which runs
Menwith Hill, intercepted the communications of
Japanese generals three months before Hiroshima
and Nagasaki (in 1 945). These communications
indicated that Japan was already willing to
Peace Researcher - Page 8
- Murray Horton
surrender before any planned American invasion.
The gross experimental and genocidal response to
this knowledge was to go ahead and use atomic
weapons on these civilian cities.
"This type of cynical manipulation of information
continues today. The NSA is involved in the
international arms trade, destabilisation and
commercial, diplomatic, political and military
espionage. The base is listed as a prime target in
any nuclear war, and its communication systems
are designed to (supposedly) continue functioning
in the event of a nuclear war. It is part of the
approximately (no one knows for sure) $ 1 0-15
billion (?) a year US defence network of ground
bases and satellites around the globe which now
have the ability to 'see' everything through infrared
and other kinds of photography and 'hear' all types
of telecommunications... " (e-mail messages
from the Women's Peace Camp).
, The new military bylaws were ruled illegal
by a judge in September 1 997. But the
British Ministry of Defence ignored that and
went on using them as a basis for arresting
the women. The September court case had
some notable revelations, e.g., British Telecom
inadvertently revealed that Menwith Hill can send
2 million simultaneous interceptions per hour to
NSA HQ in the US. Former Labour Cabinet
Minister, Tony Benn, testified: "... the decision by
the British Government to abandon its own nuclear
weapons programme and buy the American
systems (Polaris and Trident) involved accepting
effective US supervision of the British intelligence
system and a sharing of British intelligence
material with the American authorities. Given the
high security classification of the nuclear weapons
programme, and of all security matters, Parliament
and the public have never been informed of these
arrangements either. Ministers have always
claimed that they are accountable to Parliament
but, in truth, there are no constitutional
safeguards. It is now the case that US intelligence
is able to gain information gathered by British
intelligence and can intercept, from their bases
here, our internal communications directly - both
matters of legitimate public concern" (Womenwilh
News, September 1 997).
But there is one significant difference from
Waihopai - major expansion at Menwith Hill had to
go through the local council's planning procedures,
including a public hearing. The peace camp
women attended, to inform the councillors that this
is only the start of new developments. "The base
has been designated a Regional Sigint (Signals
Intelligence) Operations Centre. Under the aegis
of the US Space Command, the National Security
Agency is amalgamating with the National
Reconnaissance Office (which operates the US
spy satellites. Eel). The two big new 'golf balls'
(radomes) are for infra-red photo reconnaissance.
We have been informed that Forest Moor Naval
Communications (including Trident) base, next
door to Menwith is closing. Rumour has it that
Menwith is taking it over" (ibid).
4USTRALIAN INTELLIGENCE-­
Cock ups and oecei-t.
ONA (Office of National Assessments)
In July 1 997 there were red faces throughout the
Australian government when a briefing paper
marked "Confidential - AUSTEO (Australian Eyes
Only)" was left lying around on a table at a
regional economic ministers' conference in Cairns.
It was duly picked up by journalists and published.
The result was uproar, both in New Zealand and
throughout the Pacific. It described various Pacific
politicians as drunks, corrupt and incompetent.
The New Zealand section was devoted to
analysing the Treasurer, Winston Peters, in
less than glowing terms. For example: "He
has yet to mend fences with the business
community ... or to shake off his reputation for
laziness, inattention to detail and erratic
behaviour. External policy is a low priority for
Peters and he gives little indication of being
well inforrned on the subjecLHis domestic
agenda dictates more social, not defence
spending. Still Peters has lived in and is well
disposed to Australia and emphasises the
importance of the relationship. He welcomes
Australian investment, especially to balance Asian
capital, and gives high priority to access to the
Australian labour market. But Peters... would not
be above exploiting New Zealand sensitivities
towards Australia .. " (NZ Herald, 21 /7/97, "Peters
. the formation of the Coalition. We dismissed that
wants to be PM").
There's nothing unusual about these sorts of
reports (although doubts were raised about
whether its authorls had ever actually seen the
vertically challenged Peters, when it described him
as having "an impressive physique"). But they
most definitely are not supposed to see the light of
day. Four Australian Treasury officials were
disciplined over the leak, with one senior officer
losing a five figure performance pay bonus. The
Foreign Minister spent the next month smoothing
ruffled feathers in both New Zealand and the
Pacific. So where did this stuff come from?
Peace Researcher - Page 9
Also, since the Labour landslide in the 1 997
general election, new MPs have been asking
numerous Parliamentary Questions about Menwith
Hill. But the Blair government has been no rnore
forthcoming than its Tory predecessor. The
Arnerican intelligence agencies have nothing to
worry about there; the UKUSA agreement is in
safe, "indoctrinated" hands. Business as usual - for
spies, and courageous wornen peace campers.
- Murray Horton
The Office of National Assessments (aNA), one of
the lesser known of Australia's myriad of
intelligence agencies. aNA would have been
assisted by NZ's equally obscure External
Assessments Bureau (EAB), which is credited with
having a better feel for the Pacific than its
Australian Big Brother. EAB is part of New
Zealand's intelligence family which speCialises in
spying on the South Pacific (as Waihopai does for
the GCSB).
The plot thickened when another Australian­
leaked document fell into the lap of journalists.
This one was from the High Commission in
Wellington, and unequivocally showed what
the diplomats think of the spies. It was an e­
mail from lan Lincotn, Deputy High
Commissioner. He attacked aNA for ascribing
"darker motives" to New Zealand for
organising and hosting the Bougainville peace
talks, at Burnham Military Camp, outside
Christchurch:
"It particularly rankles with us that aNA have
repeated in their briefing that piece of nonsense
about the Burnham initiative being prompted by
pretty briskly in a prompt and detailed response
which ONA has chosen to ignore. The same
applies to repeating their line about New Zealand's
'shift' on the irreversibility of Indonesia's
incorporation of East Timor.
"The fundamental problem seems to be that
assessment agencies are disdainful of reality as
presented by those of us out in the field, and
convinced there is some darker reality which only
they, in their securocrats' ivory tower, can detect,
and on which, as they jump at shadows, they insist
on having the last word" (NZ Herald, 24/7/97;
"Fresh leak blames Australia's spies", Greg
Ansley). We couldn't have put it better ourselves.
 ASIS (Australian Secret Intelligence Service)
ONA was not the only Australian intelligence
agency to be exposed as deceiving and
embarrassing the Australian government. The
Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) is
the country's extemal intelligence gathering
agency (there is no New Zealand equivalent). PR
1 3 ran a lengthy report on the Sandline rnercenary
crisis in Papua New Guinea, in early 1 997. The
Australian government was pivotal in expressing
regional outrage to the then Chan government,
and taking active steps to stop the mercenaries
from carrying out their mission on Bougainville.
But its own spies were withholding information
from it.
ASIS knew Papua New Guinea was trying to
recruit mercenaries as long ago as 1 995 and
Department of Foreign Affairs diplomats became
privy at least as early as last September ( 1 996) ..
Reliable sources had confirmed this to Australian
Associated Press.
The sourCes were reported to be a former
Australian mercenary recruited for PNG's then
planned Bougainville offensive and an official
close to the former government of Sir Julius Chan,
which hired the contract soldiers .
"They confirmed reports on the ABC's Four
Corners programme that it appeared Australia's
inteligence network failed to wam the Federal
government about PNG's mercenary crisis, despite
knowing about it for at least ten months. Former
ASIS intelligence officer Warren Reed told the
programme that ASIS was aware of a meeting
between Sandline mercenaries and PNG defence
officials in Cairns in April 1 996. Mr Reed added
the Australian government knew nothing of the
gathering and did not learn about the mercenaries
being hired by the PNG government until after
they landed in Port Moresby in February of this
year (1 997)" (The Independent, 1 8/7/97; "Aussie
'spies' knew of PNG moves")..

NIO (National Intelligence Organisation)

The National Intelligence Organisation is PNG's

possibly Singirok himself, as a means to further
own spy agency, one with close ties to the Big
their political ambitions... But Korowi strongly
Brother spy agencies of its former Australian
defended Operation Brukim Skru and bitterly
colonisers. It too comes out of the Sandline
attacked the NIO for 'character assassination' over
scandal looking very shabby indeed. It has
the affair. 'Unfortunately, NIO was carrying out its
achieved the extraordinary feat of provoking
character assassination on me personally,
PNG's Governor General, Sir Wiwa Korowi to
' Government House and that of the Christian
publicly attack it, in full page newspaper ads.
community throughout Papua New Guinea who
participated in the Operation Brukim Skru prayer
"... Korowi was rejecting allegations in a 'top secret'
programme. 'NIO has got very pathetic lying habits
NIO document of a 'pOSSible Christian plot' by
and they are out to create sensational stories to
Operation Brukim Skru, a prayer group involving
carry out character assassination on people. I want
the Head of State and other prominent
the facts to be proven by NIO. They cannot get
personalities established last year to promote good
away with this flattering lie at the expense of
government and combat corruption. According to
someone's credibility'.
news reports, the document linked the prayer
group with ousted military commander, Brigadier
"Korowi vowed that the prayer programme would
General Jerry Singirok, and non-government
continue to 'fight corruption and manipulation' of
organisations opposed to the Sandline mercenary
the system of government. Political observers said
contract.
the NIO - reported to have Australian and
Indonesian advisers - had a reputation for running
"There is nothing wrong with this religious
smear campaigns, particularly against non­
organisation but information available indicates
government organisations..." (Asia PacifiC
some in it may have political ambitions,' the NIO
Network, 1 8/9/97; "Korowi Lambasts National
document claimed. Major players in the prayer
Intelligence Organisation").
group seemed to believe they had a God-given
nght to nd PNG of what they perceived to be a
So now we know how the spy agencies endear
corrupt government, the document said. 'What is
themselves to their own governments - ignore the
of concern is the unconstitutional method by which
diplomats, write offensive tripe about allies and
thiS seems to have been approached ,' it claimed.
have it leaked; don't tell them about major
'It is legitimate speculation that all this could be a
developments in a regional war; and cause their
deliberate plot perpetrated by politically-minded
own Head of State to publicly attack them as
Christians, riding the wave of anti-corruption
"pathetic liars". With friends like these, who needs
sentiments and using the Sandline issue, and even
enemies?

Peace Researcher - Page 1 0

 AUSSIE COPS IN ON Spy ACT AS WELL
ASIO, ASIS and the rest are not the only
Australian agencies spying on Australians. The
Federal and State police forces have a long
history of it as well, dating back to the infamous
Special Branches (Murray Horton met and, indeed,
was manhandled by the NSW Special Branch
when he was a political activist in Sydney during
the turbulent mid 1 970s). The latest scandal
involves the Victorian Police's Operations
Intelligence Unit . The Age newspaper obtained
copies of its 1 985-92 records, which revealed that,
far from liaising with community groups, it spied on
a huge range of them - Greenpeace, the
Wilderness Society, Friends of the Earth, the
Women's Self Help and Information Group,
Aboriginal rights groups, animal rights groups, etc.
Those spied on included a Melbourne mother
campaigning to keep her local high school open. It
bugged a 1 989 Council for Civil Libertiesl
Federation of Community Legal Centres meeting
called to plan a campaign for a judicial inquiry into
police shootings. The fearless cops even attended
a 1 989 teddy bears' picnic organised by the
Victorian Childcare Action Group to highlight a
shortage of child care facilities. The unit infiltrated
Melbourne community radio station 3CR and its
agents produced breakfast shows to win trust (in
the 1 980s Murray Horton visited 3CR more than
once to be interviewed in his ABC capacity). A
3CR spokesperson said: "It would have been
cheaper for the Victoria Police to buy a
transistor. . . "
CIA FILE -
50 Years of Scandals and
The CIA "celebrated" its 50th birthday in
September 1 997. Funnily enough, the world didn't
celebrate with it. Despite the Cold War being over,
it carries on with business as usual, now having an
estimated 1 6,000 employees and an annual
budget of over $NZ4 billion. President Clinton -
who told a birthday party at CIA HQ at Langley,
Virginia, that: "The American people will never
know the full story" (NZ Herald, 20/9/97) - is
making as much use of the CIA as did his
Republican predecessors Bush and Reagan. But
even in its own intelligence gathering terms, there
isn't much to show for 50 years.
Peace Researcher - Page 1 1
(Press, 1 8/ 1 0/97; "Spying at a teddy bears' picnic";
Across The Ditch; Graeme Hammond). Individuals
targeted included MPs, priests and the likes of
Joan Coxsedge, a longstanding Melbourne contact
of the ABC. Phil Cleary, a former Federal
Independent MP, was spied on: "It's quite
staggering... people ought to be outraged" (Press,
7/1 0/97; "Police spy unit' outrages"). Among those
outraged is former Labor Premier, John Cain, who
headed the State government while this was going
on and was never told about it. He has joined the
call for a public inquiry.
The cops are unrepentant, saying they still spy on
political groups, citing the need to protect the
Sydney 2000 Olympics from "terrorism", nor do
they tell the State government of surveillance
activities unless the government asks. Their only
concession was to say that they no longer spy on
civil liberties groups or legal centres. Australian
police forces have a long record of massive
corruption and killing people. They have an
equally long record of spying on progressive
groups. Nor should New Zealanders feel smug -
the ABC and other groups in Christchurch have
been the very recent target of police spies. We
should expect this sort of thing but in no way does
that justify it.
BUllglilf1lg
- Murray Horton
"From its beginnings 50 years ago, the CIA has
had a somewhat spotty record of providing
presidents with 'timely, focused' intelligence
information. The Agency failed to predict the
the Middle East war in 1 973, India's a �quisition of
construction of the Berlin Wall in 1 961 the start of
nuclear capability in 1 974 or the 1 979 overthrow of
the Shah of Iran, among other key events. It also
embarrassed the United States with fiascos such
as the failed 1 96 1 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba
and plots to kill foreign leaders, including Fidel
Castro, the Congo's Patrice Lumumba and
theDominican Republic's Rafael Trujillo. . " (Press,
.
1 7/9/97; "CIA celebrates 50 years", Jim Wolf).
 IRAQ: Coups and Whistleblowers
The cockups are not confined to the history books.
CIA Director Tenet asked the Justice Department
There are a couple of major scandals unfolding
if Marik had violated his confidentiality agreement
right now. Firstly, in Iraq. Saddam Hussein is the
with the CIA by disclosing classified information,
current bete noire of American foreign policy,
even though Marik had not compromised other
having survived all overt and covert attempts to
agents' identities, sources or methods. Tenet's
get rid of him (see PR 1 3 for details). Saddam has
action is seen as being to intimidate any other
not merely survived the CIA, he has humiliated it.
potential whistleblowers.
"Along with the Bay of Pigs in 1 96 1 , Iraq stands as
the Agency's most expensive and embarrassing
"John Deutch, the CIA Director who oversaw the
flop since it was founded in 1 947" (NZ Herald,
Iraq debacle, is now comfortably back at the
28/7/97; "CIA bungles badly in secret and in
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and
public: New head targets critic, not covert
defending the flawed strategy he chose. His
operation failure"; Close Cover; Jim Hoagland).
deputy was Mr Tenet...The current London station
The new C lA head is George Tenet; the critic is
chief, who played a key supervisory role in the Iraq
Warren Marik, a former CIA agent who worked in
involv �ment in the Iran-contra scandal and after
failure reached that exalted position after
Turkey, Afghanistan and Sri Lanka, before retiring
in 1 997. Marik went public in June 1 997 about the
failing to spot Aldrich Ames as a Soviet spy when
failure of the CIA's $NZ170 million covert
he was Mr Ames' boss in Rome... the debacle in
operation in Iraq. He had no argument with its
Iraq shows the continuing decline of Congressional
goal; he just suggested how it could be achieved
oversight as a check on mismanagement and
(the Agency favours a coup; Marik a longterm
misbehaviour at the CIA ... " (ibid).
propaganda and political effort).

US Intelligence Budget Revealed for First Time

"Abruptly abandoning 50 years of secrecy, the CIA
disclosed, in October 1 997, how much money the
United States spends annually for intelligence:
$US26,6 billion (over $NZ41 billion), With a one
sentence fax to a lawyer who sued seeking the
disclosure, the CIA let fall a pillar of Cold War
policy, ending its argument that obeying the
Constitution's commands for a public budget would
irreparably harm national security. Previously,
disclosing the sum had been legally
tantamount to espionage.
"The decision ended a 30-year legal battle,
fought in the courts and Congress, to
compel the Agency to comply with the
Constitution, which says the Government
must publish a 'regular statement and
account' of its spending. When the agency
was founded 50 years ago, the Cold War
was deemed good reason to keep its budget
secret. That secrecy persisted well after the
Hammer and Sickle came down from the Kremlin,
although the spending figure was a secret poorly
kept. Today the agency, which itself spends about
$US3 billion a year, presides over a covertly
appropriated cache from which billions are drawn
by other government intelligence agencies,
including the National Security Agency (tile
GCSB's Big Brotller and recipient of Waillopai's
"product". Ed), which conducts global
eavesdropping, and the National Imagery and
Mapping Agency, which makes pictures and maps
from space."The director of Central Intelligence,
George Tenet, said President Clinton authorised
the disclosure, which an Agency spokesman said
was forced by a lawsuit under the Freedom of
Infonmation Act brought by the Federation of
American SCientists, which focuses on science in
public poliCy. Tenet said the disclosure 'does not
jeopardise' national security and 'serves to inform
the American people'. That was the precise
position argued by the opponents of government
secrecy who sued for publication of the sum...
" ... Steven Aftergood, who sued the CIA as
director of the Federation of American
Scientists' government secrecy project, said
the disclosure 'marks the first time since
World War II that the Government has
acknowledged the size of its intelligence
spending'. Since the mid-1 980s, the
Federation of American Scientists has tried
to track that secret spending by carefully
studying the Pentagon's budget, where intelligence
programmes and secret weapons projects are
hidden, in falsely labeled accounts. Its estimates
were fairly accurate, as an accidental disclosure of
$US26.7 billion in military and intelligence
programs by a congressional subcommittee
showed in 1 994. By that time, the figure was one
of the CIA's worst kept secrets.
"In April 1 976, a Senate committee investigating
the CIA strongly recommended publishing the
aggregate budget. But Congress never acted. It
defeated bills to do so as recently as three months
ago.The Republican chairmen of the Senate and
House intelligence oversight committees both
opposed the disclosure of the intelligence budget

Peace Researcher - Page 1 2

 Democrats, Dollars and Deception
But continuing the introspection of the Clinton
government, the Administration is much more
interested in CIA involvement in the Democratic
fundraising scandal in the US. This involved Roger
Tamraz, a long time CIA asset (in both Lebanon
and Brazil) and businessman who wanted US
government help to build an oil pipeline across
Central Asia. To help him get what he wanted, he
donated $US300,000 to the Democrats' 1 996
election campaign. The whole subject of the
Democrats' fundraising is the subject of a major
investigation by the (Republican controlled)
Senate .
"In their obsession with which telephone Vice
President Gore may have used to raise campaign
money, Senate investigators have glided past a far
bigger scandal: CIA interference in U.S. politics.
The case is put most starkly by Sen. Robert
Torricelli: 'What's the CIA doing making an
undercover call to the head of the Democratic
National Committee?'. If Torricelli is right -- and
testimony appears to support him -- the CIA's
operations division lobbied to help one of its
intelligence assets, oilman Roger Tamraz, get into
the White House to peddle an oil pipeline scheme.
"In the process of helping Tamraz, an operations
officer identified only as Bob used a cover identity
when talking to DNC Chairman Don Fowler.
Whoops I That's called covert operations -- and the
CIA is not supposed to run operations on U.S. soil,
let alone against a U.S. political party.'Tamraz
played the system like an organ', says an
intelligence official. Seeking U.S. support for a
he first used a retired CIA Official, Ed Pechous, t�
planned pipeline out of the Caspian Sea oil fields
secure an appointment with National Security
Council staffer Sheila Heslin (Pechous was a CIA
agent in India, Pakistan, Austria, Germany and the
Philippines, in a career spanning three decades.
Our source for information on him, Marik and
Tamraz is NameBase, the definitive US database
011 all aspects of US intelligence, defence and
foreign policy. Ed).
r:Jr
continued from previous page...
for the fiscal year 1 997 and will likely oppose
publication in the future. 'The overseers have not
been doing their job,' Aftergood said. 'Congress
has made every effort to block disclosure of the
budget. It seems as if you want intelligence
oversight nowadays, you have to do it yourself'"
(New York Times, 1 6/ 1 0/97; "For First Time, U.S.
Discloses Budget on Spying: $26.6 Billion"; Tim
Weiner).
Peace Researcher - Page 1 3
"Then , when Heslin had doubts about Tamraz'
trustworthiness, current CIA officials sanitised his
shady biography. Then Bob repeatedly lobbied the
NSC on Tamraz' behalf, Heslin testified .ln
addition, Bob called Gore's office to help Tamraz,
officials said.The DNC staff had warned Fowler
against Tamraz.
"Then (in October 1 996), Bob telephoned Fowler
about helping to get Tamraz into the White House.
Bob -- his full identity is classified -- admitted to
Senate investigators that he may not have told
Fowler who he actually was.
"Funny -- Fowler has been accused of trying to
manipulate the CIA to help Tamraz as a pay-off for
Tamraz' $300,000 in Democratic campaign
contributions last year. But the CIA went to bat for
and the sequence of calls shows that the CIA
Tamraz well before he made his first contribution
initiated the contact with Fowler, not vice versa .
'The amazing thing to me is that this Bob of the
CIA was nothing short of an agent for Tamraz and
his pipeline scheme,' Sen Richard Durbin
said.'Bob was working overtime to get Tamraz into
the White House to change U.S. policy.'
"Why should the CIA help Tamraz? (a) He was a
long-time intelligence asset in the Middle East. (b)
Maybe his pipeline would further U.S. interests in
the Caspian region. Or (c) He had a practice of
hiring CIA officers after they retired. If CIA agents
could help him score a $US2 billion pipeline
project, they might be feathering their own nests.
The CIA likes to claim that it works only for the
President. But in this case, Durbin said, 'Tamraz
had the CIA in his back pocket'. The White House
was the target. Perhaps most amazing of all, Bob
says he had no idea who Fowler was when he
called him.
"Imagine: a CIA operations officer calling the
chairman of the Democratic National Committee
to vouch for Tamraz -- without knowing whom he
was talking to. Fowler, for his part, was much
ridiculed for saying that he had no recollection of
talking to the CIA. Now that claim becomes a little
more understandable. This may be a comedy of
errors, a sinister plot, mere greed on the part of
government officials looking toward an easy
retirement or more evidence of a CIA that carries
out its own policies for its own purposes.
"In any case, says New Jersey's Torricelli , 'This
has crossed the line from campaign finance
abuses into an intelligence problem'. What an
irony: The Congressional investigation into
campaign finance abuses began with the suspicion
that China and other mysterious foreigners may
have tried to buy their way into the American
political system. Now we find that the clearest
example of someone's buying political access for
cash in an attempt to change U.S. policy -­
Tamraz -- had the active support of the CIA". (New
York Daily News, 24/9/97; "Scandal may be CIA's
conduct"; OpEd Page; Lars-Erik Nelson) .
For his part, Tamraz i s unrepentant. "Though he
didn't get his pipeline, Tamraz told the (Senate)
committee he was satisfied. 'I think next time I'll
give $600,000', he declared" (Time, 29/9/97) Jim
Hoagland's NZ Herald column pointed out that
'Bob' was the agent in charge of the failed military
campaign in northern Iraq.
The FBI Gets Greater P honetapping Powers -
Phone Compan ies Resist
The CIA and FBI have been working more closely
together than ever (see PR 1 3 for details). The
best recent example was the June 1 997 arrest, in
Pakistan, of Mir Aimal Kansi, by FBI agents. Kansi
had been hunted for four years for the 1 993 armed
attack on CIA staff outside H Q (Langley, Virginia).
The lone gunman killed two and wounded three
(the motive was murky. Time, 30/6/97, suggested
that both Kansi and his father had worked for the
CIA, in Pakistan) . The FBI got him back into an
American jail.
The FBI is no slug itself when it comes to spying,
except that its targets are Americans themselves.
It has recently gained new phonetapping powers
which have made it an unlikely enemy - phone
companies.
"Asserting that the FBI is trying to force the
development of wiretapping equipment that goes
beyond the law, telephone industry executives said
they would petition the Federal Communications
Commission to resolve a dispute over the limits of
digital surveillance in the information age. Industry
executives are expected to ask the commission to
step in after more than two years of negotiations
with law enforcement authorities over standards
for advanced digital telephone switching gear
intended to permit the police and FBI agents to
listen to suspected criminals.
"The Communications for Law Enforcement Act,
which was signed into law by President Clinton in
1 994, calls for spending $US500 million to modify
the nation's telephone network for wiretapping and
Notori ous C O I NTELPRO Sti l l A l ive i n 1 990s
"On May 24, 1 990, a motion-triggered anti­
'
personnel bomb exploded beneath
environmentalllabor activist Judi Bari's car seat as
she drove through Oakland, California with fellow
activist Darryl Cherney. Bari & Cherney were the
two most prominent organisers for Earth First !
Redwood Summer, a campaign of non-violent
protests targeting corporate logging practices.
Peace Researcher " Page 1 4
"Having sailed through a perfunctory lie detector
test on his role in Iraq and been put back to work,
Bob's career is at risk today not for his work on
coup plots but his role in dialling for campaign
dollars. Welcome to Clintonian Washington, Bob"
(ibid).
A couple of years ago an international campaign
was run against the World Bank and International
Monetary Fund on their attaining the same
anniversary. That slogan is particularly relevant to
the CIA; "50 Years Is Enough !" In fact it's too
much.
specifies a standard setting process to redesign
the equipment. Telephone industry officials have
warned that the cost of making the modifications
requested by law enforcement might run into the
billions of dollars. They also contend that the FBI
has overstepped its mandate and is trying to
control the process of setting standards. The law,
they say, specifies only that the agency will be
consulted in setting the standard.
"Industry executives say their companies will be at
risk of being sued by civil liberties groups over
privacy invasions. Law enforcement is asking for
the ability to maintain a wiretap in a conference
call even after the individual who is the object of
the court authorised wiretap drops out of the phone
call. Such a capability would require costly
modifications to the telephone network, industry
officials said.
'''We're taking this action out of monumental
frustration,' said Thomas Wheeler, president of the
Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association,
a trade group in Washington. The telephone
industry is facing an October 1 998 deadline to
comply with the law. Wheeler said the members of
his association were growing increaSingly
concerned that in the absence of a standard they
would have insufficient time to develop new
products that comply with the law. The legislation
provides for $US1 0,000 a day in penalties for
companies that fail to meet the requirements" (San
Jose Mercury News, 1 6/7/97; quoting the New
York Times).
Instead of trying to find the bomber, the FBI and
Oakland POlice had the activists arrested and then
attempted to frame them on charges of
transporting the very explosives that were used to
try to kill them. The arrest directly contradicted the
physical evidence, and ignored previous death
threats against the pair. The bomber remains at
large... " (Redwood Summer Justice Project; press
release; "Judi Bari Kicks FBI Butt - COINTELPRO
in '90s: No Immunity For FBI In Earth First!
Bombing Case: Court Upholds Conspiracy
Charges Against FBI Agents & False arrest
charges against Oakland Police"; 20/ 1 0/97). The
Eal1h First! activists sued (Judi Bari died, of breast
cancer, in 1 997, but her estate will continue the
suit).
"The civil rights lawsuit, filed in 1 99 1 , charges the
FBI and Oakland Police Department with false
arrest, illegal search and seizure, and conspiracy
to violate their First Amendment right to organise
for social change". In October 1 997, US District
Court Judge Claudia Wilken refused to grant
immunity from prosecution to agents of the FBI
and OPD for their mishandling of the car
bombing . . Wilken's ruling states plaintiffs have
made an adequate showing that the FBI and
Oakland Police deliberately misrepresented clear
evidence regarding the location and makeup of the
bomb in order to justify the false arrest of Bari and
Cherney... The strongest language in the ruling
deals with the assertion that the FBI engaged in a
conspiracy to violate Bari and Cherney's First
amendment r ights. She upholds these charges,
stating that the FBI supplied false or misleading
information to the OPD that contributed to the
false arrest and illegal searches ...
Canada's Spies Given Sweeping Phonetapping Powers
"The Federal Solicitor-General revealed (in
September 1 997) that Canada's spy agency has
been granted unprecedented powers over the last
two years. Andy Scot! admitted the Canadian
Security Intelligence Service has in some cases
had authority to eavesdrop on people without
judicial approval - a practice blasted by a Federal
Court judge as unconstitutional. Prominent
criminal lawyer Clayton Ruby said he was
flabbergasted CSIS had been handed the power to
freely decide whom it could wiretap. 'That's the
hallmark of a police state', he said. 'It's very
serious'. CSIS requires a warrant approved by the
court to electronically eavesdrop on a suspected
terrorist or other person considered a threat to
Canada. But Scat! said judges have in recent
years allowed CSIS to tack a special clause on to
such warrants that gives the spy agency leeway to
eavesdrop on other suspects it discovers in
midstream without returning to the court for
permission, which presumably takes extra time
and effort.
" 'I'm advised that this particular clause has been
used, and the courts have allowed it in the past,'
Scot! said after question period in the House of
Commons. And I understand now that the court
has decided that perhaps we should take another
look at it'. In a recent decision, Federal Court
Justice Donna McGillis rejected a recent CSIS
proposal, approved by Scat!, to include the special
Peace Researcher - Page 1 5
"Judge Wilken however, dismissed from the case
FBI COINTELPRO specialist Richard W. Held,
who was the Special Agent in Charge of the San
Francisco FBI office at the time of the bombing.
Despite his history and expertise in
counterintelligence aimed at political activists,
including direct involvement in the wellknown FBI
COINTELPRO campaigns against the Black
Panther Party and the American Indian Movement,
Held claims that he was unaware of the
misconduct of the agents under his supervision
and of the FBI operation against Bari and
Cherney. The Earth First! plaintiffs are appealing
this part of the decision.
"The plaintiffs allege that the conspiracy against
Bari and Cherney was part of a larger FBI
COINTELPRO operation against them and Earth
First' COINTELPRO, the FBI's notorious
counterintelligence programme, was ordered
disbanded in the 1 970's after the Church hearings
by the US Senate found the practice
unconstitutional. COINTELPRO is an FBI
programme designed (in the words of J. Edgar
Hoover) to 'expose, disrupt, misdirect, discredit
and otherwise neutralise' activists and groups
advocating social change in the US. The case of
Judi Bari and Darryl Cherney shows clearly that
COINTELPRO is alive and well in the 90s" (ibid).
clause in warrants to investigate a particular
security threat. No details of the case were
revealed in the ruling. The clause would permit
CSIS to listen in on someone the service believed
to be a threat to Canadian security. In effect, it
delegates to a CSIS employee powers normally
held only by a federal judge, McGillis wrote. 'The
proposed clause would vest in a service employee
the discretion to apply the terms of the warrant
against a person, without a judge ever scrutinising
the evidence to determine whether intrusive
powers ought to be used against the individual'.
Nothing in the CSIS Act allows such a move,
which would be unconstitutional in any event, she
said, citing a 1 990 Supreme Court of Canada
decision. Scot! said government lawyers were
reviewing the Federal Court ruling, and that he
hoped to study it in detail.
"He acknowledged signing the CSIS proposal for
expanded wiretap powers that McGillis rejected,
suggesting he was told the request was nothing out
of the ordinary. 'The clause in question, I'm
advised, has been used over the last couple of
years'. CSIS representative Marcia Wetherup
confirmed the service had used the clause
'numerous times' in investigations of foreign
nationals visiting Canada ... Ruby criticised the
ministers and judges who have approved CSIS
use of the clause. 'They must have all been
asleep'" ( Vancouver Sun, 1 / 1 0/97; "Spy Agency
Given Sweeping Wiretap Power"; Jim Bronskill).
 B riti s h Sp ies Stil l P rotected By Official Secrecy
The landslide May Day 1997 election victory by
The Tribunals meet in secret and complainants are
Tony Blair's New Labour Party (definitely not to be
not told whether they have been under
confused with Jim Anderton's NZ New Labour
surveillance.
Party) has changed nothing vis a vis Britain's
spies. They are still protected by the Official
One of the causes celebre of the Thatcher years
Secrets Act, in a country that still does not have an
was the stripping of independent union rights from
Official Information Act. In August 1997 the Mail
staff at the Government Communications
on Sunday started publishing the memoirs of
Headquarters (GCHQ, the British Big Brother to
David Shayler, a former agent of MI5 (internal
NZ's GCSB). It arose from complaints about
security). But the Government won a weekend
industrial action from the US National Security
court injunction to stop any further publication "in
Agency (NSA, the biggest Big Brother in the
the interests of national security". The paper's
intelligence world). 14 GCHQ staff who refused to
editor described that as "a serious assault on the
give up their union membership rights, in return for
freedom of the press" (Press, 1/9/97; "Court stops
a payoff of one thousand pounds, were summarily
MI5 expose").
dismissed. The labour movement and civil rights
groups waged a 13 year campaign to have this
The spies have been busier than ever. In 1996,
union ban reversed. Success came in May 1997
1,142 phonetapping and mail opening warrants
when the newly elected Blair government dropped
were issued in England and Wales - the second
the ban. There are still question marks over
highest number since records began. This covers
whether GCHQ workers can strike; and about
both intelligence agencies and the police. M15's
compensation for the 14 sacked men, some of
role has been expanded by the 1996 Security
whom have been unemployed ever since
Service Act, to support pOlice forces "in the
(Statewatch, May-June 1997).
prevention and detection of serious crime". Not
one complaint to the Tribunals set up to hear
complaints against any British intelligence agency,
from 1985-96, was upheld.

. . HAREWOOD ..
KIWI Workers Lose Jobs With US Navy Departure
For decades now one of the primary defences
offered, by local and national politicians, for the
presence of a US military base at Christchurch
Airport, is that it employs New Zealanders. In
actual fact, the US military has a poor record as an
employer (for full details, see PR 27 [first series],
June 1990: "Special Article: The Failed Struggle
By NZ Civilian Workers For Union Rights At
Operation Deep Freeze"; Murray Horton). Many,
many years before the Employment Contracts Act
was even a gleam in Bill Birch's eye the US
military banned all unions from Deep Freeze;
banned its NZ civilian workers from belonging to
unions; and required them to sign an affidavit
which forbade them going on strike.
- Bob Leonard
contractor. NYANG's 109th Air Mobility Wing will
be adding its ski-equipped LC130s to the Navy's
small fleet. The ten ski-Hercules are the only such
planes in the world and all will be flown by
NYANG's experienced Arctic pilots. NYANG is
working alongside the Navy this season, phasing
itself in. It has no need for these Kiwi civilian
workers, supplying its own staff. Those losing their
jobs work in food and beverage services, the Navy
exchange service, and recreation. They include
typists, shipping agents and cargo handlers. Some
have worked at Deep Freeze for up to 30 years.
They will get severance packages in line with US
policy for employing foreign workers on military
bases.

I I
Having treated its Kiwi workers like lepers, But where are Mike Moore and the other

"':" �:;
the US Navy is now going to reward their Christchurch MPs? Where are the usually

.
-
loyalty by sacking about 50 of them. In _ _ vociferous city and regional councillors?
March 1998 (Le. at the end of the 1997/98 • Where are those who champion this US
Antarctic flying season), the US Navy is quitting military base at our airport as providing a vital
Operation Deep Freeze , ending an association boost to the local economy? If we believe the
which goes back to its foundation in 1955. The latest wildly speculative figures, from the US Navy
Navy is quitting for budgetary reasons, being itself, the Navy spends up to $25 million per year
replaced by the New York Air National Guard in Christchurch (Press, 25/10/97; "US Navy
(NYANG) and a Colorado ciVilian prepares to farewell the Ice"; Jo McCarroll). 50
Christchurch workers are losing their jobs,

Peace Researcher - Page 16

the victims of US military budget cutting, and it's left to the Anti-Bases Campaign alone to deplore the fact.
There's a rich irony there somewhere. The US Navy spokesman has said that its final Christchurch season
will be emotional - doubtless its New Zealand workers will have reason to get emotional too.

U S AIRFORCE S H OWS WHO'S BOSS

The Navy may be going but not so the Air Force. It plans to stay on indefinitely, using Harewood to service
the Australian spy bases that are so important to US intelligence. This will leave the USAF with even less of
an Antarctic cover story for its Christchurch presence than before. And every so often the USAF pulls rank
on New Zealanders, just to remind us who's the boss at Harewood. Every few years there is a memorable
instance of the US military asserting its sovereignty there. It happened in the late 1 970s when a C 1 4 1
Starlifter crash landed, and the US military took control of the airport, ordering out NZ reporters and ordering
around NZ cops (for full details on the most extreme example, see PR 25 [first series], November 1 989;
"Special Issue: Deep Freeze Documents Reveal American/New Zealand Sovereignty Struggle At
Harewood"; Murray Horton. That was all about NZ's attempts to exercise its right to enforce local drug laws
at Deep Freeze).

The USAF felt the need to show who's the boss again, in August 1 997. A Korean Air passenger plane
tragically crashed in Guam, killing hundreds of people. One of the handful of survivors was New Zealander
Barry Small. Guam is a major USAF asset - B52s bombed Indochina from there during the Vietnam War; it
was a key staging post during the 1 99 1 Gulf War. And it was a USAF C 1 4 1 Starlifter that flew Barry Small
nonstop from Guam to Christchurch. Very commendable - except that the base commander posted military
guards to keep out ali NZ news media representatives, except for TVNZ, which had an exclusive deal with
Small. Airport security confirmed that the order to bar all other media came from the US base commander.
Just another gratuitous example of the US military feeling the need to flex its muscles every once in a while.
The sooner the Air Force joins the Navy in flying off into the sunset the better.

U pd ate o n U S M i l ita ry a n d Anta rcti c F l i g hts

at C h ristc h u rc h Ai rpo rt
United States military operations at Christchurch International Airport (at Harewood) have a long history
dating back to the International Geophysical Year in the late 1 950s. Citizens for the Demilitarisation of
Harewood and its successor organization, the Anti-Bases Campaign (founded in 1 988), have long objected
to the American military presence in Christchurch and in the Antarctic. Operating under the umbrella of the
legitimate civilian Antarctic research programme , the Americans have taken advantage of that cover and
engaged in a range of military and intelligence ac1ivities in New Zealand (covered in many articles in PR
since 1 983). The use of our airport by US military aircraft is a core activity of Operation Deep Freeze and
its not-50-civilian companion projects. ABC continues to monitor the flights with data provided by the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade under the provisions of the Official Information Act.

The flight data in this report continues the compilation for the 1 990s. Our last report in Peace Researcher
No. 5 (June 1 995) covered the period June 1 990 through May 1 995 inclusively The data available in that
period was for US Air Force flights only. (Flight-years are defined by the annual NZ government clearance
period given to the US government for Deep Freeze flights). The table below combines the data from that
report with the new information through May 1 997. Note that the percentage of militarylintelligence
business by Air Force planes rose sharply in the last two flight-years.

Gir See Over for Summary of Flight Data

Peace Researcher - Page 1 7

 Summary of Flight Data (Transit flights) U S Air Force Starlifters and Galaxys

FliahtYear Antarctic • Military Total . % Milita.rv

1 99()c91. 32 . .... 86 . .... 1 1 8 ..... , 7? 9
1 991c92 71 97 1 68 57.7
1 992·93 38 85 1 23 . " . 69.1
1 993c94 47 . . 63 . .... 110 57.3 .. .
1 994·95 33 58 91 63.7
1 995·96 28 79 1 07 73.8
1 996·97 31 78 1 09 71 .6
Totals 280 546 826 • . 66.1

Since May 1 995, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade has provided complete flight data for Ski­
Hercules (LC- 1 30) flown by Navy crews and in recent years by the New York Air National Guard (NYANG).
The bar graph in this report thus contains three categories of flights: Ski-Hercules (LC-1 30), Antarctic and
Military. The NYANG flights began in 1 988 (PR No. 1 7, Feb. 1 988, p. 9) and were sporadic in most
Antarctic seasons t hereafter. With the departure of the Navy from Operation Deep Freeze in 1 998, the
NYANG, which is an arm of the Air Force, will take over the entire Ski-Hercules operation.

Black bars on the graph show the regular year-round pattern of militarylintelligence flights of Starlifters and
Galaxys. Antarctic flights (white bars) are concentrated in the summer season with peak Ski-Hercules flight
numbers in February when wheeled aircraft are not able to land on the soft ice and snow.

The Ski-Hercules flights (combined Navy and Air Force LC-1 30) are shown as a line on the graph. The
Antarctic category includes all Ski-Hercules, Starlifter and Galaxy flights. In October and November the
Antarctic flights are primarily conducted with the larger-capacity Air Force planes which can land in spring
on the ice runway at Williams Field near McMurdo without the need for skis.

US Air Force and Navy Flights

at Christchurch Airport
40

35

.!1 30
.c
,,,,
;:
,,!:: 25
VI
c:

�
- 20

'0
a; 15
.a
E
:::! 1 0
2

0
w >- '" 15.
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>- w >- '" >-
c 'S � 13 0 u
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1 995 1 996 1 997

About the graph: The bar chart presents complete flight data for US Air Force
and Navy aircraft using
Christchurch International Airport in the period June 1 995 through May 1 997. The aircraft are primarily
cargo carriers: LC-130 Ski-Hercules, C-1 41 B Starlifters and C-5 Galaxys. A transit flight consists of an
arrival and a departure for a given plane. Military denotes military/intelligence Channel flights serving US
bases in Australia; Antarctic denotes flights to and from the Antarctic in support of the US research
programme. (Other US aircraft that occasionally appear in the data are C-1 30 , C- 1 35, C- 1 7 and Orions.)
Data provided by the M inistry of Foreign Affairs and Trade under the Official Information Act.

Peace Researcher - Page 1 8

 Flight frequency
Continuing the patterns reported in our last article,
the rnilitarylintelligence flights are less regular than
they were prior to 1994. But the frequency has
increased again since the beginning of 1 995.
Based upon the Tuesday-Wednesday timing of the
Pine Gap flights and the Friday-Saturday
Nurrungar flights (since April 1 994), the numbers
of each type of flight appear to be about the same
each month. This is circumstantial evidence that
the levels of activity at the two huge American
intelligence bases in Australia are requiring
sustained Channel flight service.
For those not acquainted with Pine Gap and
Nurrungar, a brief description of their functions is
in order. "The satellite ground station at Pine Gap,
near Alice Springs, Northern Territory, is the most
important US installation in Australia", according to
Des Ball, a prominent researcher at the Australian
National University 4 It is in fact one of the largest
intelligence bases in the world. It is the Earth­
based link to a network of US spy satellites in
geostationary orbits around the equator. Pine
Gap is run by the US National Security Agency.
Nurrungar is a US Air Force satellite ground
station in South Australia. It is a key station
controlling the Air Force's Defense Support
DEFENCE SPENDING UP
But Extra Ar\lZAC Frigates Dead in the Water
Contrary to popular opinion, frigates do have their
uses. They can be live targets for somebody else's
Exocets. Or, in the more recent New Zealand
example, a convenient excuse for the country's
worst balance of payments deficit since 1 986. To
quote Wolfgang Rosenberg, in Foreign Control
Watchdog 86 ("Foreign Investment and New
Zealand's Balance of Payments"): "But then there
are excuses that it really is not so bad and that one
should exclude $563 million paid for the first
frigate from Australia. Of course, they could have
commented that this shows the stupidity of
ordering two more frigates and illustrates the
fallacy that converting some of our industries into
armament industries to equip these warships
brings US positive advantages (after all, the export
proceeds should have paid for the frigates but
obviously did not)". The real reason for the
balance of payments haemorrhage has got nothing
to do with frigates and everything to do with the
4 Ball, Desmond. 1988. Pine Gap. Alien and Unwin, Sydney.
121 pp
Peace Researcher - Page 1 9
Program system of early warning satellites, a
system in operation since 1 970.
Both Australian bases are thus an integral part of
the vast US signals intelligence system.
Christchurch does its part in supporting that
system by hosting the hundreds of so-called
Channel flights of Starlifters and Galaxys that visit
our city under the cover of Operation Deep Freeze
every year.
The Deep Freeze Whitewash
As the US Navy prepares to depart Operation
Deep Freeze in early 1 998, the Chris\church Press
continues to publish laudatory articles (the latest
on 25 Oct 1997) on the contributions of the US
military to the city and the economy. But not one
word is ever said about the dark side of the
Antarctic connection. CDH and later the ABC
have raised many important issues about the US
military presence, particularly the air force, at
Harewood and on the Ice. And to its credit the
Press has covered many of our press releases,
sometimes in great detail. But that alternative
perspective never gets a mention in the current
gush of praise.
ceaseless export of profits by the transnational
corporations that now dominate the New Zealand
economy (and if you want to learn more about
that, send $15 to join CAFCA at Box 2258,
Christchurch. Ed).
Te Kaha, the $563 million first ANZAC frigate, duly
arrived from Australia, in August 1 997. The peace
movement ensured that it got a hot reception, so
much so that the Press headline was "Protesters
mar arrival" (16/8/97). What a shame. The second
frigate will follow in due course, costing the same
whopping amount. The next big Government
decision was whether to order another two. The
Treasurer, Winston Peters, made his view, and
that of New Zealand First, p\)rfectly clear in
October 1 997 - no more frigates should be
ordered. Peters said that he had conSistently held
that view since the Labour government (the same
one that built Waihopai) announced the ANZAC
frigates project, a decade ago, to mollify an
Australia that had been highly antagonised by our
nuclear free policy and its impact on ANZUS.
Peters' pronouncement sent the military lobby into
apoplexy (see, for example, the Press editorial,
1 5/ 1 0/97, "Mr Peters and frigates")
An indication of Government thinking was given by
the revelation that an official delegation went to
Hawaii, in mid 1 997, to check out the availability of
second-hand US frigates. The reason? Cost.
Considering that the US had recently offered
second-hand frigates, plus spare parts, to the
Philippines for little more than $ 1 0 million (thus
scuttling Australasian plans to build some of the
new Philippines Navy that President Ramos is
planning), this was a very real consideration. New
Zealand has acquired a "defence industry",
courtesy of the ANZAC frigates work, and it had no
plans to take this threat lying down. Kevin
O'Sullivan, chairman of a defence technologies
action group, said: "We have bought British rust
buckets before and they cost an absolute fortune
to bring up to a serviceable standard" (NZ Herald,
28/8/97; "Industry in dismay over sortie to vet old
frigates") .
Frigates (new or secondhand) were not the only
item on the military's shopping list. The RNZAF
Skyhawks are getting old; the Government has
signed an option for up to eight new Hercules
transport aircraft; and a decision had to be made
on replacing the Army's armoured personnel
carriers . Senior Ministers did their bit to soften up
public opinion for a military spending spree.
Foreign Affairs Minister Don McKinnon said the
country was heading for a D-minus in defence
unless a bigger commitment is made (Press,
1 /7/97; "$3b arms shopping list denied").
The decision was finally made, in November 1 997.
The deadline to buy a third frigate at 1 980s prices
came and went. Within a week, the Government
released its long awaited Defence White Paper. In
total, defence spending will increase by $663
million over five years. But no decision will be
made on any third ANZAC frigate before 2005; no
new ships, new or secondhand, will be bought; the
Navy will lose over 200 personnel; and the
"defence industry" was disappointed. The Air
Force gets newer Hercules and an upgrade on the
Skyhawks' weapons. The Army is the big winner -
500 more troops, new armoured personnel
carriers, weapons and communications .
And what is all this defence spending in aid of?
Nothing more or less than getting New Zealand
back into ANZUS. What's the hold up? Only the
small matters of public opinion being
overwhelmingly against that, and the 1 987 nuclear
free law. The National government has continually
breached that law - for example, by having New
Zealand warships operating alongside the
Americans in the Persian Gulf, enforcing sanctions
against Iraq. As has been pointed out by both
Helen Clark, Leader of the Opposition, and Larry
Ross, secretary of the NZ Nuclear Free
Peace Researcher - Page 20
Peacemaking Association, that is illegal, in terms
of clause 5 (2) (b). "The Government's wishes are
obvious - re-open a once close miltary relationship
with the US and get joint exercises going again. To
that end, the anti-nuclear law is an impediment.
The question is, how much of an impediment?"
(Press, 30/9/97; "Anti-nuclear law blocks Govt
desire to revive defence links"; Kevin Taylor).
SAS (Special Air Service)
There's one very unpublicised part of the military -
the Special Air Service (SAS). In the 1 997 Budget,
it was allocated $33 million (out of the Army's
$535 million) for counter-terrorist training and
operations. But what do the SASsy boys do with
their sha re of the taxpayers' money? Well you
won't find out anything about from the
Government. All terribly hush hush. PR has
regularly documented previous SAS operations.
Some inSight can be gleaned from Australia. In
1 997 the Australian military revealed, for the first
time, the extent of its SAS's involvement with the
armed forces of other countries. The Australian
SAS is involved in 1 5 of the 33 combined
exercises in 1 997/98, and conducts training with
the armed forces of ten other countries - US, UK,
Indonesia, PNG, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia,
the Philippines, Brunei. And, of course, NZ. The
AustralianlNZ SAS jOint exercise is called Night
Kiwi. The Australian SAS does a lot of combined
training with the barbaric Indonesian special
forces. The Australian military report said:
"... anything to do with the SAS remains sensitive
because of its top secret role as AustraHa's
premier anti-terrorist force, a role likely to become
progressively more important as the Olympic
Games get closer" ( Vanguard, 1 8/6/97; "SAS is
anti-people"). There is no reason to believe that
"our" SAS is any different. A secret hit team of
trained killers, at the disposal of some very
unsavoury "friends". Let's make some budget cuts
right there.
And Now for Something Completely
Different.... Measuring IQ
In a New Scientist column called "The Last Word"
was the following answer to a query about metric
measure: "Not long after the Falklands conflict I
was talking to an Argentinian colleague who told
me that his country had a new unit of intelligence:
the "tary". People of 1 tary level would be
equivalent to Einstein and then less intelligent
people would fall into lower groups, the dedtary
and centitary. At the bottom of the scale would be
the military."
 Organ isoer's Report
- Murray Horton

(The relevant extract from Murray's report to the September 1997 AGM of the Campaign Against Foreign
Control of Aotearoa - CAFCA).
I am co-employed by the Anti Bases Campaign, although CAFCA work takes the great bulk of my
time. My ABC workload has increased dramatically because Warren Thomson has gone to Bangkok
to work for a year (from where he sends us plaintive, homesick e-mails) and I have had to
dramatically increase my involvement with Peace Researcher from being a regular contributor to the
exalted post of co-editor (with Bob Leonard). I've only produced one issue since Warren left but it was
the biggest for years and I wrote most of it, as well as having a hands-on role at every step of its
production and distribution. I targeted CAFCA members to become PR subscribers and we got a good
response.

I played an active role in the annual Waihopai spybase protest camp, dOing the preliminary media
work and chairing the Blenheim public meeting for visiting British expert, Duncan Campbell (there is a
story behind his NZ stay; I'll save it for my memoirs). There has been a major attitude change towards
Waihopai from both the public and media, which is directly attributable to Nicky Hager's blockbuster
book "Secret Power" (which has attracted major international attention). I congratulate Nicky on his
extraordinary achievement and was delighted to chair the public meeting that ABC hosted for him last
year

This year's Jamuary Waihopai protest got the most extensive media coverage ever and the most
arrests (20). I went back to Blenheim for the high profile court case, which attracted famous Auckland
QC, Peter Williams, who offered his services to the defence, at cost. We didn't win legally but we
certainly did morally. Since then Bolger has announced a second dish for Waihopai and an expansion
of its spying role into phone-call interception. We're coming up to the tenth anniversary of both
Waihopai and the campaign against it, which is a good time for a re-evaluation. We are tackling that
soon - we have decided to try a range of other tactics, meaning that ABC is not organising a 1 998
Waihopai protest camp.

CAFCAlABC Organiser Account for Year Ended 31 /3/97

Balance as at 1 14196 $ 6,658.52 Payments $1 4,002.56

Receipts 1 4 ,049. 1 5 Balance 3 1 /3/97 6,705 . 1 1
20 707.67 20 707 62

Income And Expenditure Account : Organiser For Year 1 996/97

Receipt from donations $1 4,031 . 90 To Organiser $1 4,002,56

Interest 1 7.25 Surplus 46.59
1 4 049. 1 5 1 4 049, 1 5

Audited and found correct

Wolfgang Rosenberg
14th September, 1997

Note thiS year's donations have unique contributions included from the liquidation of NZ Monthly Review Society. They
will not be repeated in 1 997/98,

About Peace Researcher

Peace Researcher is published quarterly by the Anti-Bases Campaign, Christchurch. The editors are
Murray Horton and Bob Leonard (Warren Thomson is on overseas leave). Our journal covers a range of
peace issues with emphasis on foreign military bases and intelligence topics. Contributed articles will be
considered for publication based On subject matter and space requirements. We are particularly interested
in reports of original research on peace topics in Aotearoa and the wider region of Australasia and the
Pacific. Our address is:
Peace Researcher
P.O. Box 2258
Christchurch
Aotearoai New Zealand
Email: cafca@chch.planet.org.nz

Peace Researcher - Page 21

 "PROTEST AT MORUROA .
First Hand Accounts from the New Zealand-based Flotilla"

E dited by Claudia Pond Eyley.

(Tandem, NZ$39.95).

In July 1 995 Greenpeace founder David Taggart said on New Zealand TV: "I hope that the Kiwis. who are the
best sailors in the world, get together all the boats they can and just wander over to Moruroa". Fourteen New
Zealand boats heeded the call. It was a key part of the international protest that forced the French government
to finally end testing.

Claudia Pond Eyley interviewed 32 participants and supporters of the flotilla, gathering stories of generosity
and sacrifice, and adventure on the high seas as the flotilla faced uncertain weather conditions, equipment
failure and the French Navy. Also interviewed is the commander of the New Zealand naval vessel TUi. which
joined the protest. Claudia is a well known artist, who painted several of the protest banners that travelled to
Moruroa on the yachts. The book is beautifully presented , with many photographs.

Order your copy (post-free in New Zealand) by sending a cheque for NZ$39.95 (or credit card details) to the
non-profit progreSSive shop, One World Books, Box 68-419, Auckland, New Zealand, ph. 0064-9-377-
1 367, lax 0064-9-377-5541 , e-mail: books@oneworld.org.nz. Overseas customers who wish to pay in US
dollars, send US$28 (includes postage).

J., .
.
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S U BSC RIBE TO PEA CE RESEARCHER

Peace Researcher is the newsletter and journal of the Christchurch Anti-Bases Campaign . If
you would like to join ABC, please fill in the form below. All ABC members receive Peace
Researcher Membership/subscription is $20 per year for four issues (PR is not GST
registered). Cheques payable to Peace Researcher Send to P.O. Box 2258, Christchurch,
New Zealan d .

NA M E ___________________________
Subscription $ _____

ADDR E SS __
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____ Donation $ _---

Total $ ____
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Donations welcome. Overseas subs (airmail): Australia NZ$25; Other NZ$30.

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If'