WEST BAY COLLEGE

Cajiles Compound, Ilaya St., Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Philippines 1770

http://www.westbaycollege.edu.ph/
Phone: 850-2956/850-2959

Level of Awareness in the Operation and Maintenance of auxiliary

Marine Boiler Water Tube

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Marine Engineering

In Partial Fulfilments of the Requirements for the

Degree Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering

Petareal, Apollo John J.

Lebue, Edrian D.
Perez, Dale Francis J.
Torres, Mark Russel B.

January 2017

APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Marine Engineering, this thesis entitled Operation and Maintenance of Marine

Boiler Water has been prepared and submitted to the College of Maritime Studies
and the College of Arts and Science of West Bay College, Cajiles Compound, Ilaya St.,
Alabang, Muntinlupa City by the researchers herein.

Susana C. Gallo, MAEd

Research Adviser

Panelist

Panelist

Panelist

January 2017
Accepted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree, Bachelor of Science in
Marine Engineering
Capt. Serafin V. Lazado
Dean, College of Maritime Studies

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The success of the study is not complete without the help of the following. The
researchers would like to thank foremost the Almighty God, the One who created
everything, who gave life and gives them strength at all times, without You dear Father
God, they are not here now.
The researchers would also like to thank Mr. Norberto C. Sacopla, their
statistician who gave the researchers additional information.
To their thesis adviser and professor, Mrs. Susana C. Gallo, the researchers
would like to thank you. Without your help, the researchers could not have
accomplished this research.
In addition, the researchers would also like to thank their parents for supporting
them both morally and financially. Friends who supported them by giving time to provide
some needs for the study, and to their teachers who unconditionally gave advice in
some circumstances. Thank you.

Petareal
Lebue
Perez
Torres

DEDICATION

This research is sincerely dedicated to our God and to all our friends and fellow
students of West Bay College, Inc. especially to all Bachelor of Science in Marine
Engineering who participated in this study. We could not have done this research
without your cooperation.
To our beloved parents, professors, and classmates who served as our
inspiration and source of our knowledge and who give meaning to our life.

The Researchers

THESIS ABSTRACT
Title: LEVEL OF AWARENESS IN THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE
AUXILIARY MARINE BOILER WATER TUBE
Authors: Petareal, Apollo John J.
Lebue, Edrian D.
Perez, Dale Francis J.
Torres, Mark Russel B.

Degree: Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering

School: West Bay College, Inc.
A.Y.: 2016-2017
Adviser: Mrs. Susana C. Gallo, MA Ed
Number of Pages: 50
Introduction: A boiler in one form or another will be found on every type of ship.
Where the main machinery is steam powered, one or more large water tube boilers will
be fitted to produce steam at very high temperatures and pressures. On a diesel main
machinery vessel, a smaller (usually fire tube type) boiler will be fitted to provide steam
for the various ship services. Even within the two basic design types, water tube and fire
tube, a variety of designs and variations exist.
A boiler is used to heat feed water in order to produce steam. The energy
released by the burning fuel in the boiler furnace is stored (as temperature and

pressure) in the steam produced. All boilers have a furnace or combustion chamber
where fuel is burnt to release its energy. Air is supplied to the boiler furnace to enable
combustion of the fuel to take place. A large surface area between the combustion
chamber and the water enables the energy of combustion, in the form of heat, to be
transferred to the water. (TAYLOR, D.A. Introduction to Marine Engineering, Nov. 29,
2016)
Methods:
. The instrument to be used for this study is the survey questionnaire as the main tool in
gathering data. To test the validity, the researchers will seek the assistance of the
professor. The researchers will use likert scale for the survey questionnaire. The
questionnaire will be composed of two parts includes two questions portion. The first
question in the questionnaire is about the level of awareness in the procedures in
operating auxiliary marine boiler water tube. The Second portion is the level of
awareness in the steps in maintaining auxiliary marine boiler water tube in good
condition.
Result:
Table 1. Its all about Procedures in Operating the marine boiler water, the respondents
are BSMARE-2. indicator 1 and 2 we need to follow the safety precautions before
operating the boiler and make sure that there are no leaks and loose valve before
operating the boiler obtain the 1st highest weighted mean of 3.96 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Indicator 4 make sure that you have the proper order before

operating the boiler obtain the 2nd highest weighted mean of 3.88 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Indicator 3 make sure that you follow the steps when starting the
boiler obtain the 3rd highest weighted mean of 3.84 descriptive interpretation of H.A.
Indicator 5 ensure that the vent valve on the boiler is open and check there is no
pressure in the boiler during operating it obtain the 4th highest weighted mean of 3.76
descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 7 close the steam stop valve when stopping
a boiler obtain the lowest weighted mean of 3.56 descriptive interpretation of H.A.
Table 2. Its all about steps in maintaining the marine boiler water in good condition, the
respondents are BSMARE-2. Indicator 1 maintaining the boiler in good shape and
orderly matter obtain 1st highest weighted mean of 3.8 descriptive interpretation of
H.A. Indicator 2 and 3 make sure that there is daily maintenance done to the boiler
and make sure that the maintenance is secured and done correctly obtain the 2nd
highest weighted mean of 3.72 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 4 make
sure that the valve and pipes are secured in daily maintenance of the boiler obtain the
3rd highest weighted mean of 3.68 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 6 test all
stand-by pumps in monthly routine obtain 4th highest weighted mean of 3.64
descriptive interpretation of H.A. indicator 7 and 8 checking the safety water level
device every week for maintenance and the boiler water side (interior) must be
carefully inspected at least twice a year obtain the lowest weighted mean of 3.48
descriptive interpretation of H.A. Table 3. Its all about Procedures in Operating the
marine boiler water, the respondents are BSMARE-3. Indicator 2 make sure that there
are no leaks and loose valve before operating the boiler obtain the 1st highest

weighted mean of 3.80 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 1 we need to follow

the safety precautions before operating the boiler obtain 2nd highest weighted mean of
3.76 descriptive interpretation of H.A. indicator 3, 4 and 5 make sure that you follow
the steps when starting the boiler, make sure that you have proper order before
operating the boiler and ensure that the vent valve on the boiler is open and check
there is no pressure in the boiler during operating it obtain the 3rd highest weighted
mean of 3.68 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicators 6 and 8 the steam stop
valve must be closed during operation obtain the 4th highest weighted mean of 3.44
descripted interpretation of H.A. Indicator 7 close the steam stop valve when stopping
a boiler obtain the lowest weighted mean of 3.32 descriptive interpretation of H.A.
Table 4. Indicator 4 make sure that the valve and pipes are secured in daily
maintenance of the boiler obtain the 1st highest weighted mean of 3.7 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Indicator 1 and 2 maintain the boiler in good shape and orderly
matter and make sure that there is a daily maintenance done to the boiler obtain the
2nd highest weighted mean of 3.64 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 5 drain
each water level glass for about 10-15 seconds in weekly routine obtain the 3rd highest
weighted mean descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 7 checking the safety water
level device every week for maintenance obtain the 4th highest weighted mean of 3.56
descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 3 make sure that the maintenance is
secured and done correctly obtain the lowest weighted mean of 3.40 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Table 5. With the result of t value(T) = 2.342 and critical
value(CV) = 2.042, the researcher can conclude that (Acc. / Reject Ho). Therefore there

is a significant difference between the knowledge in operation and maintenance of

auxiliary marine boiler water tube.

Discussion:
According to 50 maritime students, the highest agree to the BSMARE 2 nd year
level in operation is we need to follow the safety precautions before operating the
boiler and make sure that there are no leaks and loose valve before operating the
boiler because we must think our safety first and must secure all the valves that there
is no leaks in operating it in case of emergency. the highest agree to the BSMARE 2 nd
year level in maintenance is maintaining the boiler in good shape and orderly matter
because we must maintain the good condition of the boiler to avoid delays. the highest
agree to the BSMARE 3rd year level in operation is make sure that there are no leaks
and loose valve before operating the boiler because we must think our safety first and
must secure all the valves that there is no leaks in operating it in case of emergency. the
highest agree to the BSMARE 3rd year level in maintenance is make sure that the
valve and pipes are secured in daily maintenance of the boiler because to avoid any
accidents. These are the choices that they agreed if they have undergone trainings that
would increase their level of awareness in the operation and maintenance of auxiliary
marine boiler water tube.

Title Page ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i

Approval Sheet ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
Acknowledgement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ iii
Dedication ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
Thesis Abstract ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
Table of Contents -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x
Chapter 1: Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1
The Problem and its Background--------------------------------------------------- 1
Conceptual Framework -------------------------------------------------------------- 3
Statement of the Problem------------------------------------------------------------ 4
Basic Assumptions--------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Significance of the study------------------------------------------------------------- 5
Scope and delimitation---------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Definition of terms---------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature -------------------------------------------------------8
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods --------------------------------------------------------------- 13
Site of the Study------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13
Subject of the study-------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
Materials and methods-----------------------------------------------------------------14
Chapter 4: Results and Discussions ------------------------------------------------------------ 15

10

List of tables
Table 1.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
Table 2.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Table 3.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
Table 4.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------21
Table 5.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------22
Likert Scale -------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion and Discussion ---------------------------------------- 24
References ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- xi
Appendices --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- xii
Appendix A --------------------------------------------------------------------------- xiii
Appendix B --------------------------------------------------------------------------- xiv
Appendix C-------------------------------------------------------------------------- xviii
Appendix D--------------------------------------------------------------------------- xix
Curriculum Vitae ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- xx

11

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
Problem and its Background
A boiler in one form or another will be found on every type of ship. Where the
main machinery is steam powered, one or more large water tube boilers will be fitted to
produce steam at very high temperatures and pressures. On a diesel main machinery
vessel, a smaller (usually fire tube type) boiler will be fitted to provide steam for the
various ship services. Even within the two basic design types, water tube and fire tube,
a variety of designs and variations exist.
A boiler is used to heat feed water in order to produce steam. The energy
released by the burning fuel in the boiler furnace is stored (as temperature and
pressure) in the steam produced. All boilers have a furnace or combustion chamber
where fuel is burnt to release its energy. Air is supplied to the boiler furnace to enable
combustion of the fuel to take place. A large surface area between the combustion
chamber and the water enables the energy of combustion, in the form of heat, to be
transferred to the water. (TAYLOR, D.A. Introduction to Marine Engineering, Nov. 29,
2016)
The starboard auxiliary boiler is a SUNROD CPH-120 vertical cylinder, oil-fired
steam boiler. It is equipped with a NU-WAY QF3 burner head that is supplied air from
both primary and secondary fans. The burner has a control system that regulates the
burner either in a fully automatic or in a semi-automatic operation. The duration of the

boiler purge4 was set at 30 seconds. The boiler is also fitted with all mandatory safety
devices, which include, but are not limited to, steam pressure cut-in/-out, low water level
lock-out, and flame failure lock-out. Although capable of using heavy fuel, both boilers
are fired exclusively using marine diesel oil. The boilers main fuel supply comes from a
ring-main system, and both units also share a common fuel supply for their respective
pilot burners that is independent of the main fuel oil supply. The working pressure of the
main fuel oil supply is 3 bar, while the working pressure for the pilot burner oil supply is
7 bar. Combustion air is supplied partly as primary air through the burner itself, and
partly as secondary and tertiary air that is introduced through the metal head of the
burner. The primary fan is a high pressure, low-volume unit, while the secondary fan is a
low-pressure, high volume unit. Approximately 90 percent of the combustion air is
delivered directly to the burner casing through the two dampers for the secondary and
tertiary air. The remaining 10 percent of the combustion air is passed to the primary air
fan that further raises the pressure of the air so that it will provide sufficient energy to
atomize the fuel oil. On 11 August 1997, the port auxiliary boiler suffered a similar
furnace explosion that required renewal of the burner unit. The explosion was attributed
to fuel oil pooling in the main burner tube and air supply chambers. There were no
reported injuries in that occurrence. On or about 23 February 2004, the primary fan
motor on the starboard auxiliary boiler suffered an electrical failure and was sent ashore
for repairs. Thereafter, the port auxiliary boiler was in service, with the starboard unit
being kept warm on standby. However, at approximately 1130 on 01 March 2004, the
burner unit on the port boiler suffered a mechanical problem that necessitated putting

the starboard boiler back into service even though it was still missing the primary air fan.
The fan from the port boiler was not transferred to the starboard boiler. (FURNACE
EXPLOSION - STARBOARD AUXILIARY BOILER RO-RO PASSENGER FERRY
CARIBOU 14 nm NNE OF NORTH SYDNEY, NOVA SCOTIA 04 MARCH 2004. Nov. 29,
2016)
Conceptual Framework
Upon finishing the completion of academic requirements (CAR), the intension of
the student is to go on apprentice on board ship for at least one year so they can obtain
bachelors degree. The study will dealt with the level of awareness in operation and
maintenance of marine boiler water tube. Under this is finding out the level of
awareness in procedure in operating marine boiler water tube and what are the level of
awareness in steps in maintaining the good condition of marine boiler water tube.
Through survey, it will determine the operation and maintenance of marine boiler water,
failures, conditions, and also to the crew that operating the boiler. That will help marine
engineers the techniques in operating and maintaining the boiler water, where the part
of boiler to be repair in case of failure and also the limit time that the boiler will operates.
Working principle of boiler is very simple and easy to understand. The boiler is
essentially a closed vessel inside which water is stored. Fuel (generally coal) is bunt in
a furnace and hot gasses are produced. These hot gasses come in contact with water
vessel where the heat of these hot gases transfer to the water and consequently steam
is produced in the boiler. Then this steam is piped to the turbine of thermal power plant.

There are many different types of boiler utilized for different purposes like running a
production unit, sanitizing some area, sterilizing equipment, to warm up the
surroundings, steaming the fuel.
Statement of the Problem
The study was aimed at determining the level of awareness in operation and
maintenance of marine boiler water tube.
Specially, the study sought to answer the following questions:
1. Level of awareness in the procedures in operating the auxiliary marine boiler
water tube. In terms of:
a. BSMARE-2
b. BSMARE-3
2. Level of awareness in the steps in maintaining the auxiliary marine boiler water
tube in good condition. In terms of:
c. BSMARE-2
d. BSMARE-3
3. Is there a significant difference between the knowledge in operation and
maintenance of auxiliary marine boiler water tube.
Basic Assumptions
1. This subjects are marine engineering students BSMARE students in West Bay
College in Alabang, Muntinlupa city.
2. The West Bay College where the researchers go to have hands on training.
3. The survey questionnaire that we Marine Engineering students gathered to
explain how they are aware about operation and maintenance of auxiliary marine
boiler water tube in good condition efficiently.
4

4. The person that will be asked will partake, collaborate, and will answer the
survey questionnaire sincerely.
Significance of the Study
The result of the study would contribute information that benefits the marine
engineers, students, the researchers, future researchers. For the marine engineers, the
study would offer deeper understanding and knowledge about auxiliary marine boiler
water tube and would help think the strategies on how to operates and maintain the
auxiliary marine boiler water tube. For marine engineering students, they might gain
more information of how wide is auxiliary marine boiler water tube and in making career
choices that are realistic and appropriate. The study also leads the researchers to
extend their view in the operation and maintenance of auxiliary marine boiler water tube
and attain thoughts and insights about the boiler. To the future researchers, this would
provide information about the operation and maintenance of auxiliary marine boiler
water tube that can be used for the further research.

Scope and delimitation

The study was focused on level of awareness in operation and maintenance of marine
boiler water tube. Failures, Operation, maintenance, auxiliary marine boiler water tube
condition. Marine engineers who work ashore are included in this study. The
5

respondents included in the study were a marine engineering student who tackles how
they are aware in operation and maintenance of the auxiliary marine boiler water tube
from November to December 2016. the respondent will become fifty (50) students of
BSMARE. (25) fifty for BSMARE-2 and (25) fifty for BSMARE-3. The respondent will be
between of 17-25 years old studying in West Bay College, where the study performed
and present BSMARE students were asked to fill out a questionnaire.
Definition of terms.
Boiler - A pressure vessel for the creation of hot water or steam, for residential or
commercial use.
Operation the fact or condition of functioning or being active.
Apprentice - a person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer, having agreed to
work for a fixed period at low wages.
Maintenance - the process of maintaining or preserving someone or something, or the
state of being maintained.
Ship - a vessel larger than a boat for transporting people or goods by sea.
Seafarers - A sailor or mariner. A person who travels by sea.
Marine engineering - the engineering of boats, ships, oil rigs and any other marine
vessel or structure, as well as oceanographic engineering.

Students a person who attend a school, college, or university.

Knowledge - facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or
education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
Ashore - to or on the shore from the direction of the sea.
Research - the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order
to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
Steam - the vapour into which water is converted when heated, forming a white mist of
minute water droplets in the air.
Sterilizing - make (something) free from bacteria or other living microorganisms.

CHAPTER II. RELATED LITERATURE

Ray et al. conducted assessment of service exposed to boiler tube of the super
heater and reheated made of 2.25 Cr-1 Mo steels in a 120 MW boiler of a thermal

power plant. The results show that although there was degradation of ultimate tensile
strength (UTS), and stress rupture of the boiler tubes due to increasing temperature and
prolonged service exposure, but at the operating condition of 540C/40 MPA, all these
service exposed tubes have a remaining life of more than 100,000 hours, provided that
there are no defects in the materials due to long term service exposure. (University
Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Km.
7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Husain and Habib investigated the steel tubes failure in a super heater boiler at
one of the Kuwait Electrical and Power plants which suffered localized overheating. The
tube was made of low alloy steel, SA 213-T12 and it has been in operation for 109,415
hours before failed. The investigation indicated that the failure attributed to the formation
of thick scale of magnetite at the inner surface of the tube wall. This phenomenon
prevented the accessibility of heat to the tube materials and consequently local, prolong
overheating took place, in which the temperature raised up to 700oC in a frequent
manner for long period of time. The properties of the tube materials changed from its
original design values due to the effect of the localized prolong overheating as a
consequence of increasing of the temperature. (University Tenaga Nasional, College of
Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong,
43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Baoyou et al. analysed a boiler tube rupture through chemical analysis,
scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed

that the tube burst due to overheating and excess temperature caused by obstruction of
stream flow associated with the bubble clusters on the surface of local regions.
(University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov.
29, 2016)
Khajavi et al. tested including visual examination, optical microscope, scanning
electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the root causes of the
boiler tube failure due to waterside corrosion problems. The results showed that
corrosion failures are caused by a combination of ineffective control of water chemistry,
deficiencies in design and material selection and operational problems such as
inadequate waterside circulation which led to the formation of deposits in localized
zones along a water line. (University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang,
Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Srikanth et al. conducted failure analysis of several evaporator tubes during
commissioning and trial run of a waste heat recovery boiler using visual inspection,
chemical analysis, X ray radiography, fractography, microscopic examination at various
locations, mechanical properties measurement and analysis using SEM. The results
showed that the failure of the evaporator tubes at the tube bends have been initiated by
lamellar tiring because of inherent defects in the material, improper design of welding,
and the absence of stress relieving treatment after the cold bending and welding

operations. (University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor,
MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Chattoraj et al. have investigated the corrosive degradation and failures of
vertical furnace wall tubes of a cogeneration boiler. The investigations include chemical
analysis of the corrosion deposit and microstructural observations. The results showed
that the most probable degradation mechanism is acid corrosion and under deposit
corrosion due to the presence of deposits, leading to localized heating (due to scale
formation), and eventual rupture assisted by overheat and decarburization. (University
Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Km.
7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Hagihara and Miyazaki conducted simulation using Abacus to analyse creep
failure of coolant pipe in light water reactor due to local heating. The results showed that
under isothermal condition, the creep damage depends only on the stress. Since the
stress is higher in the inside of the wall, the creep damage is also higher in the inside of
the wall. In the distribution of the damage variable, higher damage is accumulated at the
inside than at the outside of the wall. On the other hand, under the non-isothermal
condition, the damage variable is affected not only by the stress but also by the
temperature. It is found that the stress is higher in the lower temperature region. In the
higher temperature region, the stress becomes lower due to the larger stress relaxation
caused by larger creep rate. In the distribution of the damage variable, higher damage

10

is clearly higher at the outside than at the inside in the higher temperature region.
(University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov.
29, 2016)
Caligiuri conducted simulation to identify the effect of thermal constraint in
design of a heat recovery boiler. The finite element model using thermal and structural
analysis was applied, and commercially available finite element software namely Ansys
was used. The results showed the maximum hoop stress varied as a function of
location, with the peaks in the range of 55-60 ksi generally at the uppermost tie welds
and the outer-loop tubes, where the tube to tube temperature differences were highest.
Dini et al. used the FEM to compute the effect of increasing temperature on the
tube service life and to define the critical regions. The result indicates that the
increasing temperature causing a particular tube failure mode. The simulation result
also shows that the failed region in radiant tube is easily influenced by high temperature
creep. (University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov.
29, 2016)
Zarrabi et al. developed a non-dimensional parameter that can be used to
estimate the tube temperature variation in the locally damaged (scarred) boiler tube,
and also a method has been described for volume estimation and characteristics of a
tube scar. Although steady state heat transfer analysis of the scarred tube was

11

performed using MSC/Patran software in this analysis but effect of different mass flow
rates, existence of scale and other parameters are not involved. Therefore, analysis by
involving these parameters should be considered. (University Tenaga Nasional, College
of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong,
43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)
Analysis of the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) indicates
that the coal fired boilers are among the highest economic risk components in any
power plant. By far, the greatest number of forced outages in all types of boiler is
caused by failures. Elimination of boiler tube failure could save the electric power
industry about $5 billion a year. Metallurgists from David N. French, Inc. published data
of the top 10 causes of failures where creep (long-term overheating) is 23.4%, followed
by fatigue (13.9%) (thermal 8.6%, corrosion 5.3%), ash corrosion (12.0%), hydrogen
damage (10.6%), weld failures (9.0%), high temperature (short-term overheating)
(8.8%), erosion (6.5%), oxygen pitting (5.6%), caustic attack (3.5%) and stress
corrosion cracking (2.6%). In general, 30% of all tube failures in boilers and reformers
are caused by creep. (University Tenaga Nasional, College of Engineering, Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Km. 7, Jalan Kajang-Puchong, 43009 Kajang, Selangor,
MALAYSIA. Nov. 29, 2016)

12

CHAPTER III. MATERIALS AND METHODS

Site of the Study
The study will be conducted at West Bay College of Alabang, Muntinlupa City
that is provides training for the students.

13

Subject of the Study

The respondents are the students in West Bay College. These will selected
through convenience sampling. After which, the respondents will be administered with a
questionnaire to answer.
Methods and Procedures
The instrument to be used for this study is the survey questionnaire as the main
tool in gathering data. To test the validity, the researchers will seek the assistance of the
professor. The researchers will use likert scale for the survey questionnaire. The
questionnaire will be composed of two parts includes two questions portion. The first
question in the questionnaire is about the level of awareness in the procedures in
operating auxiliary marine boiler water tube. The Second portion is the level of
awareness in the steps in maintaining auxiliary marine boiler water tube in good
condition.

CHAPTER IV: INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION

The researchers survey 50 respondents, 25 for the BSMARE-2, 25 for the BSMARE-3,
age ranging 17-25. The respondents are either male or female. Table 1. Its all about
Procedures in Operating the marine boiler water, the respondents are BSMARE-2.

14

indicator 1 and 2 we need to follow the safety precautions before operating the boiler
and make sure that there are no leaks and loose valve before operating the boiler
obtain the 1st highest weighted mean of 3.96 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator
4 make sure that you have the proper order before operating the boiler obtain the 2 nd
highest weighted mean of 3.88 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 3 make
sure that you follow the steps when starting the boiler obtain the 3 rd highest weighted
mean of 3.84 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 5 ensure that the vent valve
on the boiler is open and check there is no pressure in the boiler during operating it
obtain the 4th highest weighted mean of 3.76 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator
7 close the steam stop valve when stopping a boiler obtain the lowest weighted mean
of 3.56 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Table 2. Its all about steps in maintaining the
marine boiler water in good condition, the respondents are BSMARE-2. Indicator 1
maintaining the boiler in good shape and orderly matter obtain 1 st highest weighted
mean of 3.8 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 2 and 3 make sure that there is
daily maintenance done to the boiler and make sure that the maintenance is secured
and done correctly obtain the 2nd highest weighted mean of 3.72 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Indicator 4 make sure that the valve and pipes are secured in
daily maintenance of the boiler obtain the 3 rd highest weighted mean of 3.68 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Indicator 6 test all stand-by pumps in monthly routine obtain 4 th
highest weighted mean of 3.64 descriptive interpretation of H.A. indicator 7 and 8
checking the safety water level device every week for maintenance and the boiler
water side (interior) must be carefully inspected at least twice a year obtain the lowest

15

weighted mean of 3.48 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Table 3. Its all about
Procedures in Operating the marine boiler water, the respondents are BSMARE-3.
Indicator 2 make sure that there are no leaks and loose valve before operating the
boiler obtain the 1st highest weighted mean of 3.80 descriptive interpretation of H.A.
Indicator 1 we need to follow the safety precautions before operating the boiler obtain
2nd highest weighted mean of 3.76 descriptive interpretation of H.A. indicator 3, 4 and
5 make sure that you follow the steps when starting the boiler, make sure that you
have proper order before operating the boiler and ensure that the vent valve on the
boiler is open and check there is no pressure in the boiler during operating it obtain the
3rd highest weighted mean of 3.68 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicators 6 and 8
the steam stop valve must be closed during operation obtain the 4 th highest weighted
mean of 3.44 descripted interpretation of H.A. Indicator 7 close the steam stop valve
when stopping a boiler obtain the lowest weighted mean of 3.32 descriptive
interpretation of H.A. Table 4. Indicator 4 make sure that the valve and pipes are
secured in daily maintenance of the boiler obtain the 1 st highest weighted mean of 3.7
descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 1 and 2 maintain the boiler in good shape
and orderly matter and make sure that there is a daily maintenance done to the boiler
obtain the 2nd highest weighted mean of 3.64 descriptive interpretation of H.A.
Indicator 5 drain each water level glass for about 10-15 seconds in weekly routine
obtain the 3rd highest weighted mean descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 7
checking the safety water level device every week for maintenance obtain the 4 th
highest weighted mean of 3.56 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Indicator 3 make

16

sure that the maintenance is secured and done correctly obtain the lowest weighted
mean of 3.40 descriptive interpretation of H.A. Table 5. With the result of t value(T) =
2.342 and critical value(CV) = 2.042, the researcher can conclude that (Acc. / Reject
Ho). Therefore there is a significant difference between the knowledge in operation and
maintenance of auxiliary marine boiler water.

TABLE 1.0
Level of awareness in the procedure in operating the auxiliary marine boiler water
tube
BSMARE-2

17

W.
M

24

3.96

Operation of marine boiler water tube

1. We need to follow the safety
precautions before operating the boiler.
2. Make sure that there are no leaks
and loose valve before operating the
boiler.
3. Make sure that you follow the steps
when starting the boiler.
4. Make sure that you have the proper
order before operating the boiler.
5. Ensure that the vent valve on the
boiler is open and check there is no
pressure in the boiler during operating
it.
6. The steam stop valve must be closed
during operation.
7. Close the steam stop valves when
stopping a boiler.
8. Check all safety cut outs and alarms
before putting boiler on Automatic.
Average W.M.

Ran
k
1
1

24

3.96

21

3.84

22

3.88

3
2
4

19

3.76

15

10

3.60

15

3.56

19

3.72

7
5
6

3.785 H.A

TABLE 2.0
Level of awareness in the steps in maintaining marine boiler water in good
condition
BSMARE-2

18

Maintenance of marine boiler water

1. Maintain the boiler in good shape
and orderly matter.
2. Make sure that there is a daily
maintenance done to the boiler.
3. Make sure that the maintenance is
secured and done correctly.
4. Make sure that the valves and
pipes are secured in daily
maintenance of the boiler.
5. Drain each water level glass for
about 10-15 seconds in weekly
routine.
6. Test all stand-by pumps in monthly
routine.
7. Checking the safety water level
device every week for maintenance.
8. The boiler water side (interior)
must be carefully inspected at least
twice a year.

W.
M

21

3.8

18

3.72

18

3.72

Ran
k
1
2
2
3

18

3.68
6

16

3.52

17

3.64

16

3.48

4
5
5

16

3.48

3.63 H.A

Average W.M.

TABLE 3.0
Level of awareness in the procedure in operating the marine boiler water
BSMARE-3

19

Operation of marine boiler water

1. We need to follow the safety
precautions before operating the boiler.
2. Make sure that there are no leaks and
loose valve before operating the boiler.
3. Make sure that you follow the steps
when starting the boiler.
4. Make sure that you have the proper
order before operating the boiler.
5. Ensure that the vent valve on the
boiler is open and check there is no
pressure in the boiler during operating it.
6. The steam stop valve must be closed
during operation.
7. Close the steam stop valves when
stopping a boiler.
8. Check all safety cut outs and alarms
before putting boiler on Automatic.

W.
M

19

3.76

20

3.80

18

3.68

17

3.68

Ran
k
2
1
3
3
3

17

3.68

13

10

3.44

12

10

3.32

12

12

3.44

4
5
4

3.6 H.A

Average W.M.
TABLE 4.0

Level of awareness in the steps in maintaining marine boiler water in good

condition
BSMARE-3

20

W.
Ran
M
k
3.64
2

Maintenance of marine boiler water

1. Maintain the boiler in good shape

and orderly matter.
2. Make sure that there is a daily
Maintenance done to the boiler.
3. Make sure that the maintenance
is secured and done correctly.
4. Make sure that the valves and
pipes are secured in daily
maintenance of the boiler.
5. Drain each water level glass for
about 10-15 seconds in weekly
routine.
6. Test all stand-by pumps in
monthly routine.
7. Checking the safety water level
device every week for maintenance.
8. The boiler water side (interior)
must be carefully inspected at least
twice a year.

17

17

3.64

12

11

3.40

20

3.76

2
5
1

16

3.60
3

14

3.44

15

3.56

15

3.48

7
4
6

3.565 H.A

Average W.M.

LIKERT SCALE
For table 1 and 3: Procedure in operating the marine boiler water

21

Highly Agree

3.20 4.19
2.20 3.19

Moderately Agree

1.20 2.19

Agree

0.20 1.19

Disagree

For Table 2 and 4: Steps in maintaining marine boiler water in good condition

3.20 4.19

Highly Agree

2.20 3.19

Moderately Agree

1.20 2.19

Agree

0.20 1.19

Disagree

TABLE 5.0
significant difference between the knowledge in operation and maintenance of
marine boiler water

22

t value
critical value
LEVEL OF

level of significance

AWARENESS

degree of freedom

LEVEL OF

Decision

AWARENESS
IN OPERATION
IN OPERATION
AND

t = 2.342

Reject Ho

MAINTENANCE

c.v = 2.042

(there is a significant

OF BSMARE-3

x = 0.05

difference between

df = 30

the BSMARE-2 and

AND
MAINTENANCE
OF BSMARE-2
BSMARE-3
Ho (null Hypothesis)

+> c.v (Reject Ho)

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The study is conducted on how aware are the students on West Bay College,
Inc. especially the Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering on how the auxiliary

23

marine boiler water tube operates and maintained. These surveys identify on how
aware are the students of BSMARE in 2 nd and 3rd level. A number of 50 Maritime
Engineering students in West Bay College, Inc. were determined how the marine boiler
operates and maintained.
The researchers concluded that there were two highest expectations on the
knowledge of BSMARE in 2ND level in Table 1 which are indicator no. 1 and 2 we need
to follow the safety precautions before operating the boiler and make sure that there
are no leaks and loose valve before operating the boiler that obtain a weighted mean of
3.96 .while Indicator 7 close the steam stop valve when stopping a boiler obtain the
lowest weighted mean.. The researchers also concluded that the highest motivation on
BSMARE in 2ND level in Table 2 is Indicator 1 maintaining the boiler in good shape and
orderly matter that obtain highest weighted although indicator 7 and 8 checking the
safety water level device every week for maintenance and the boiler water side
(interior) must be carefully inspected at least twice a year obtain the lowest weighted
mean. The researchers concluded that theres a highest expectation on the knowledge
of BSMARE in 3RD level in Table 3 which is the Indicator 2 make sure that there are no
leaks and loose valve before operating the boiler obtain the highest weighted mean.
While. Indicator 7 close the steam stop valve when stopping a boiler obtain the lowest
weighted mean. The researchers also concluded that the highest motivation on
BSMARE in 3RD level in table 4 is the Indicator 4 make sure that the valve and pipes
are secured in daily maintenance of the boiler that obtain the highest weighted mean.
While the . Indicator 3 make sure that the maintenance is secured and done correctly

24

obtain the lowest weighted mean. Table 5 with the result of t value (T) = 2.342 and
critical value (CV) = 2.042, the researcher can conclude that the null hypothesis must be
rejected. Therefore there is a significant difference between operating and maintaining
the marine boiler water.
After this study, the researchers would like to recommend to West Bay College
students especially the maritime engineering to be aware about the boiler water on how
those it works, operates, maintain, and the purpose of it. The awareness of the maritime
engineering in auxiliary marine boiler water tube is not enough that prove by the results
of the survey questions.t The researcher recommend to the students that they must
memorize the different systems of the vessel and how those it works so that the
awareness of the students will increase. It is better if the students will undergo practical
guidance and technical lecture so that the students can easily recognize. They must
motivate their selves to succeed in life and to become a future Chief Engineer. The
researchers also recommend the faculty of marine engineering department that to give
ideas how the auxiliary marine boiler water tube it works and let us be aware how it
operates and maintained so that when the students graduate and apply they are aware
how auxiliary marine boiler water tube operates and maintained because in entrance
exam of the shipping companies auxiliary marine boiler water tube is part of it.

25

26

REFERENCES

http://www.bahreya.com/bb3/1/TAYLOR,%20D.%20A.%20(1996).
%20Introduction%20to%20Marine%20Engineering%20(2nd%20ed.).pdf
http://dlia.ir/Scientific/e_book/Naval_Science/Naval_Architecture_Shipbuilding/V
M_1_989_Naval_Architecture_Shipbuilding_Marine_engineering_/025114.pdf
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39935926.pdf
http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/rapports-

reports/marine/2004/m04m0013/m04m0013.pdf
Boiler%20tube%20failures%20due%20to%20Improper%20commissioning.pdf
file:///C:/Users/ACER-PC/Favorites/Downloads/7105___0.pdf
https://azmariner.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/miura-z-boiler1.pdf
http://www.hubbellheaters.com/downloads/oms/model_bw_om.pdf
https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/thw1/Publications/PhD-theses/Mozes.pdf
http://marineengineeringonline.com/boiler-maintenance-on-ships/
http://www.marineinsight.com/tech/boiler/dos-and-donts-for-efficient-boiler-

operations-on-ships/
http://dspace.thapar.edu:8080/jspui/bitstream/10266/3543/1/finalll%20thesis.pdf

11

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
Capt. Serafin V. Lazado
Dean, College of Maritime Studies

Dear Sir,

12

We, the research students enrolled in ENGL 106 Research and Thesis Writing
BSMARE 2A with thesis entitled Operation and Maintenance of Marine Boiler
Water would like to ask permission from your good office to allow us to implement our
study through survey question.
Rest assured that strict confidentiality will be highly observed and the data
gathered will be used solely for the purpose of this research.
Thank you.
Researchers:

E/C Petareal, Apollo John J.

E/C Edrian, Lebue D.

E/C Perez, Dale Francis J.

E/C Torres, Mark Russel B.

Noted by:

Susana C. Gallo MAEd

Research Adviser

Capt. Serafin V. Lazado

Dean, College of Maritime Studies

APPENDIX B
Sample Questionnaire
(BSMARE)

13

Please write the data needed on the blanks provided

Year/Section:

Date:

Age:

Gender:

Level of awareness in the Operation and maintenance of auxiliary marine boiler water
tube as agreed by the Bachelors of Science in Marine Engineering Students of West
Bay Colleges of Alabang, Muntinlupa City.

PART: I
Please check the appropriate column that correspond your answer, based on your
perception regarding the level of awareness in the procedures in operating the auxiliary
marine boiler water tube. Answer honestly using with the scale given below.

14

4 Highly Agree

2 Moderately Agree

3 Agree

1 Disagree

Operation of marine boiler water

1. We need to follow the safety precautions
before operating the boiler.
2. Make sure that there are no leaks and
loose valve before operating the boiler.
3. Make sure that you follow the steps when
starting the boiler.
4. Make sure that you have the proper order
before operating the boiler.
5. Ensure that the vent valve on the boiler is
open and check there is no pressure in the
boiler during operating it.
6. The steam stop valve must be closed
during operation.
7. Close the steam stop valves when
stopping a boiler.
8. Check all safety cut outs and alarms
before putting boiler on Automatic.
PART: II

15

Please check the appropriate column that correspond your answer, based on your own
perception regarding the level of awareness in the steps in maintaining the auxiliary
marine boiler water tube in good condition. Answer honestly using with the scale given
below.

4 Highly Agree

2 Moderately Agree

3 Agree

1 Disagree

Maintenance of marine boiler water

1. Maintain the boiler in good shape and
orderly matter.
2. Make sure that there is a daily
maintenance done to the boiler.
3. Make sure that the maintenance is
secured and done correctly.
4. Make sure that the valves and pipes are
secured in daily maintenance of the boiler.
5. Drain each water level glass for about 1015 seconds in weekly routine.
6. Test all stand-by pumps in monthly
routine.
7. Checking the safety water level device
16

every week for maintenance.

8. The boiler water side (interior) must be
carefully inspected at least twice a year.

APPENDIX C
EDITORS CERTIFICATION

This is to certify the thesis entitled Operation and Maintenance of Marine

Boiler Water has been edited by the undersigned.

MRS. SUSANA C. GALLO, MA ED.

Editor

17

APPENDIX D
STATISTICIANS CERTIFICATION

This is to certify the thesis entitled Operation and Maintenance of Marine

Boiler Water has been statistically analyzed by the undersigned.

MR. NORBERTO C. SACOPLA

Statistician

18

CURRICULUM
VITAE

19

Name: Petareal, Apollo John J.

Address: BLK 4 Lot 37 Marco Polo Place Phase 2, Brgy.
Tagapo, Santa Rosa, Laguna
Cell no.: 09396535856

Personal Profile:
Date of Birth: April 7, 1998
Age: 18 Years Old
Sex: Male
Place of Birth: Bacolod City, Negros Occidental
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5 3
Weight: 78 kgs.
Religion: Born Again Christian

Educational Attainment:
Tertiary: West Bay College Inc./John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation Bacolod City.
Secondary: Notre Dame of Talisay City, Negros Occ.
Primary: Notre Dame of Talisay City, Negros Occ.

20

Name: Lebue, Edrian D.

Address: 311 banaba St. Puting kahoy Silang Cavite
Cell no.: 09121055132

Personal Profile:
Date of Birth: September 5 1998
Age: 18 Years Old
Sex: Male
Place of Birth: Silang Cavite
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5 8
Weight: 59 kg
Religion: Roman Catholic

Educational Attainment:
Tertiary: West Bay College Inc.
Secondary: Sto.Domingo National High School Sta. Rosa, Laguna
Primary: Puting Kahoy Elementary School Silang Cavite

21

Name: Perez, Dale Francis J.

Address: Blk 8 Lot 38 Banana st. South Fairway Homes,
Landayan, San Pedro, Laguna
Cell no.: 09752346820

Personal Profile:
Date of Birth: September 12, 1999
Age: 17 Years Old
Sex: Male
Place of Birth: San Pedro, Laguna
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5 7
Weight: 53 kgs.
Religion: Roman Catholic

Educational Attainment:
Tertiary: West Bay College Inc.
Secondary: Saint Peter Academy
Primary: Saint Peter Academy

22

Name: Torres, Mark Russel B.

Address: #300 Brgy. Aplaya City of Santa Rosa, Laguna
Cell no.: 09073729084

Personal Profile:
Date of Birth: May 16, 1998
Age: 18 Years Old
Sex: Male
Place of Birth: Santa Rosa, Laguna
Civil Status: Single
Height: 5 7
Weight: 65 kgs.
Religion: Roman Catholic

Educational Attainment:
Tertiary: West Bay College Inc.
Secondary: Colegio De Sta. Rosa De Lima
Primary: Child Formation Center

23

24

25