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Determine:
b. The mass flow rate of the final product
c. Mass flow rate of vapor released in the first effect
Write down ALL the equations required to compute the following (DO NOT SOLVE THE
EQUATIONS -- the numbers used in this problem are arbitrary):
d. Boiling point of product in the first effect
e. Write down the equations involved and the procedure to be adopted to determine the
temperature of steam used in the first effect
While writing the above equations, SPECIFY THE TEMPERATURES at which various
enthalpies are to be determined.
Are the number of equations and unknowns in the system equal???
6. A single effect evaporator is used to evaporate 90 kg of vapor every hour from a food product
that contains 25% solids. The food product enters the evaporator at 10 /C and the evaporator
operates at 70 /C. Steam (90% quality) enters the evaporator at the rate of 125 kg/hr and at
70.14 kPa and exits the evaporator at 90 /C. Determine the solids content of the final product
if the specific heat of the feed and final product are 4000 J/kg K.
7. An evaporator operating at 80 /C is used to concentrate a juice from a solids content of 5% to
a solids content of 25% using steam (75% quality) at 120.82 kPa (which leaves as condensate
at 80 /C). The initial temperature and flow rate of the feed juice are 15 /C and 5 kg/s. The
overall heat transfer coefficient is 3500 W/m2-K and the area available for heat transfer is 25
m2. Determine the steam economy for the evaporator if the specific heats of the feed and
concentrated product are 3500 J/kg K and 4000 J/kg K respectively.
8. An evaporator is operating at 85 /C. If the feed, containing 20% solids (mol. weight = 50 g),
enters the evaporator at 20 /C and at the rate of 2 kg/s, and saturated steam (of 95% quality
and flow rate 0.5 kg/s) at 90 /C serves as the heating medium, what is the boiling point of the
concentrated product at atmospheric pressure? Assume that the specific heat of the feed and
final product are 4,000 J/kg-K.
9. It is desired to produce a concentrated water-based fruit juice containing 60% solids (of
molecular weight 80 g) at the rate of 0.5 kg/s using an evaporator operating at 75 /C served by
saturated steam (of 95% quality and flow rate 0.25 kg/s) at 70.14 kPa. Assume that the
specific heat of the feed and final product are 4,000 J/kg K.
a. Determine the mass flow rate and solids content of the feed entering the evaporator at 20 /C
b. What is the boiling point of the feed that enters the evaporator?
b. 105 /C