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India started making use of information & communication technologies long time ago.
However, as is a well-recognized view, e-governance is not just about deploying the
technologies; its about what those technologies are able to deliver to the citizens. In
other words, what is an e-governance projects focus depth?
What exactly is focus depth? In simple terms, it defines what a project intends to
offer as a service. Focus depth is an important dimension for assessing the maturity of
an e-governance project.
Figure 1 E-governance Focus Definition The BAIT-P continuum
Basic
Information
Focus on
providing basic
information
about the
officers,
processes, etc.
and providing
downloadable
application
forms,
notifications,
and results of
draw.
Advanced
Information
Interaction
Focus on
providing
information
that can be
query-searched
using an engine
and can be
filtered down,
from a big
database, to
reach a specific
piece of
information
Focus on
establishing an
interaction for
solving
problem
through
helpline,
facilitating
status check of
a request
through portal
or IVRS, etc.
Transaction
Focus on
facilitating
seamless
transactions
during the
issuance of
government
documents,
payment of
government
fees or taxes,
registration of
property,
registrations
related to
business, etc.
Participation
Focus on
seeking
participation
and opinions of
citizens in
framing
government
policies, or
allowing
citizens to
report
incidences of
crime or any
other
irregularity
using GIStagged pictures
Maximum Governance, a Coeus Age Consulting initiative, intends to create a vibrant debate on innovative use of
digital in governance. The sole purpose is to create research-driven knowledge on issues related to governance by
digital, such as citizen-centricity; new models of governance based on transparency, agility and efficiency; policy;
baseline infrastructure and enabling structures and geographical nuances (India, Asia, Africa etc.)
www.maximumgovernance.com
2
Coeus (Koios) was the Greek Titan of Intelligence, the axis around which the heavens revolved. In the current
age, enterprise intelligence is the axis around which organizing takes place, a true source of strategic advantage
and success. Coeus Age Consulting is a next generation knowledge domain service provider. Coeus Age Consulting
intends to bring the latest thinking in the field of leadership, strategic management, economics, process
management, information management, and organization development to enterprises; and enable them to build
business value from IT. www.coeusage.com
The Maximum Governance analysis done by Coeus Age Consulting has discovered five
aspects of focus, arranged on an increasing continuum of services depth. Focus depth
and the underlying process depth are two important dimensions of service depth.
Here we are discussing only the focus depth.
The five aspects of the focus depth continuum, as defined in Figure 1, are: Basic
Information; Advanced Information; Interaction; Transaction; and Participation.
Focus should not be confused with the area of operation such as facilitating citizen
services such as providing land records, passport issuance or dealing with the urban
local bodies. Rather, focus here is defined in terms of whether an e-governance
initiative serves to merely provide information or also offers interaction, facilitates
transaction; or seeks participation with respect to the stakeholders. Each advanced
stage on the continuum subsumes the earlier stages. For example, participation shall
have the characteristics of all the previous five aspects.
Figure 2: Distribution of e-governance Projects by Focus
Basic Information
1.4%
Transaction/
Participation
20.9%
Advanced
Information
57.4%
Interaction 20.3%
E-governance in India will bring a difference in the state of affairs when more and
more projects move up the continuum and are focused on providing transactions to
the citizens or start seeking their participation in governance. With this statement,
the importance of information should not be undermined. Information indeed has the
Projects with
Transaction and
Participation Focus
% Projects with
Transaction and
Participation Focus
Grand Total
1571
328
21%
Gujarat
103
30
29%
The Center*
76
27
35%
Karnataka
80
22
28%
Kerala
109
21
19%
Maharashtra
82
21
26%
Andhra Pradesh
79
16
20%
Tamil Nadu
70
16
23%
Chhattisgarh
67
16
24%
Madhya Pradesh
60
14
23%
Odisha
64
13
20%
1571
328
21%
Grand Total
*The Center represents initiatives by the central government ministries and departments
**Projects that are live and for which information is in the public domain