POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF DAVAO DEL SUR, INC.

MacArthur Highway, Digos City

READING
Name: Pryll John O. Colita
Date:
11/24/16_____
Course & Year: BSN-III
Clinical Area: Neuro Ward
Reference/Bibliography: American Association of Critical-Care Nurses
Rating: ___________
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Title
Summary:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden damage to the brain caused by
a blow or jolt to the head. During the moment of impact, the brain crashes
back and forth inside the cranium which can cause bruising and bleeding.
After the accident, the person may be confused, have dizziness or lose
consciousness. Traumatic brain injuries are classified according to severity
and mechanism of injury. It can range from mild to severe. There are
different types of TBIs. These are concussion. Diffuse axonal injury, traumatic
subarachnoid hemorrhage, contusion, and hematoma.
There are different ways in diagnosing traumatic brain injuries. First is
the Glasgow Coma Score which is a 15 point test. Scores of 13-15 is
considered mild; 9-12 is moderate and; below 8 is severe. Second is the CT
scan which is a non-invasive test that provide detailed images of the brain.
Third is MRI which can detect subtle changes in the brain that the CT scan
cannot detect. Lastly is the MRS which gives information about the
metabolism of the brain.
Several treatments are indicated depending on the severity of the
traumatic brain injury. Mild TBI usually requires rest and medication to relieve
headache. Moderate to severe TBI require intensive care in a hospital.
Bleeding and swelling in the brain can become an emergency that requires
surgery. However, there are times when a patient does not require surgery
and can be safely monitored by nurses and physicians in the neuroscience
intensive care unit.

Reaction:
Traumatic brain injury can be caused by several factors such as falling,
suffering a direct blow to the head or through a vehicular accident. Today,
more and more people gain access to different types of transportation with
the most common here in Davao City which is through a motorcycle. Without
proper driving skills, conduct, and knowledge of the driver, he/she and also
the passenger can be at risk in experiencing a vehicular accident which may
cause traumatic brain injury especially to those who do not wear protective
gear such as helmets.
According to the article, TBI is the leading cause of death and disability
to people aged 1 to 44. As such, nurses must be prepared in dealing fatal
cases of traumatic brain injuries with the goals being to resuscitate and
support the critically ill patient, minimize secondary brain injury and
complications, and facilitate the patients transition to a recovery
environment. Once the patient is in a stable condition, it is then the nurses
duty to promote healing and assist the patient in maintaining safety and
comfort. Through several nursing interventions, the patient may recover
completely becoming more independent in a shorter amount of time.
Clinical Instructors Remarks:
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Criteria: Promptness (5%)_________
Relevance (10%) _________
Summary:(35%) ________

Reaction (45%) _________

Reference (5%) _________