Index of Unpublished Decisions of The Board of Immigration Appeals (2024 Edition)

INDEX OF UNPUBLISHED DECISIONS
OF THE
BOARD OF IMMIGRATION APPEALS
____________
BY BEN WINOGRAD
2024 EDITION
____________
UPDATED MARCH 2024

____________
A PUBLICATION OF THE
IMMIGRANT & REFUGEE APPELLATE CENTER, LLC
____________
Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC | www.irac.net
Copyright © Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC, 2024. All rights reserved.
This Index is intended for lawyers and is not a substitute for independent legal advice.
INDEX OF UNPUBLISHED DECISIONS OF THE BOARD OF IMMIGRATION APPEALS
BY BEN WINOGRAD
ENDORSEMENTS
“There’s nothing like it. Serious researchers must have it.”
– Daniel M. Kowalski, Editor-in-Chief, Bender’s Immigration Bulletin (LexisNexis)
“An incredible resource for immigrants and their advocates.”

– Professor Maureen Sweeney, University of Maryland School of Law
“A creative and vital advocacy tool for immigrant advocates everywhere.”

– Heidi Altman, Capital Area Immigrants’ Rights (CAIR) Coalition
“A must-have for any practitioner defending clients in removal proceedings.”

– Himedes Chicas, Esq., Jezic & Moyse, LLC, Silver Spring, Md.
“A timely, invaluable service that brings transparency to the BIA’s often opaque and
seemingly haphazard decision making.”
– Andrew Knapp, Esq., Adjunct Professor, Southwestern Law School, Los Angeles
“An amazing resource!”

- Michael Carlin, Esq., Ann Arbor, Mich.
“An incredible resource that every lawyer practicing before the Immigration Court and the
BIA should have in their back pocket.”
- Camila Palmer, Esq., Denver, Colo.
“A treasure trove.”
- Patrick Taurel, Esq., Grossman, Young & Hammond
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Ben Winograd is an attorney at the Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC. He
specializes in removal defense before the Board of Immigration Appeals and federal circuit
courts. Ben received his J.D. cum laude from Georgetown Law in 2010, where he was an
editor of the Georgetown Immigration Law Journal. He previously worked at the American
Immigration Council. Ben received the 2017 Joseph Minsky Award from the American
Immigration Lawyers Association for outstanding contributions made as a young lawyer in
the field of immigration and nationality law.
ii
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
What is the Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC?

IRAC is a public service law firm located in Alexandria, Virginia, across the street from the
Board of Immigration Appeals. To learn more about IRAC, visit www.irac.net.
What Does this Index Contain?

This Index contains links to more than 6,500 unpublished BIA decisions selected for their
potential to assist noncitizens in removal proceedings. If you have an unpublished BIA
decision that you would like us to include, please email author Ben Winograd at
bwinograd@irac.net.
How Frequently Is This Index Updated?

The 2024 edition of the Index will be updated on a monthly basis. Individuals who purchase
the Index will receive updated versions by email for the rest of 2024.
How Much Does This Index Cost?

The cost of the Index is $150 for individual purchases.
Is Group Pricing Available?

Yes. IRAC offers discounted pricing to firms, law school clinics, and non-profit
organizations wishing to purchase the Index for multiple individuals. Click here for our
group pricing list.
How Do I Purchase This Index?

To purchase the Index, please email bwinograd@irac.net.
How Do I Use This Index?

The Index is designed to be downloaded as a PDF and viewed on a computer or tablet.
Decisions are organized by topic and listed in reverse chronological order within each
category. Clicking the name of a decision links users to a webpage where the decision can
be freely viewed and downloaded. Individuals who purchase the Index will receive a guide
with more details.
If I Purchase This Index, Can I Share It With Others?

No. Absent express written permission from IRAC, individuals who purchase the Index
may not share it with others (e.g., attaching to an email, posting on a website, saving to a
jointly accessible network, etc.). Individuals who wish to share the Index with others in
their firm or organization must purchase a group subscription.
Can I Submit Copies of The Decisions With My Brief?

Yes. The purpose of the Index is to provide unpublished decisions that practitioners can
submit to adjudicators.
iii
BY BEN WINOGRAD
SUMMARY OF CONTENTS
(A detailed table of contents begins on the following page)
Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................................... iii
Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... xxv
Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals .......................................................................... xxv
I. Grounds of Removability ............................................................................................................... 1
II. Relief from Removal...................................................................................................................... 89
III. Prosecutorial Discretion and Administrative Remedies ................................................... 292
IV. Motions to Reopen ....................................................................................................................... 309
V. Motions to Reconsider ................................................................................................................ 398
VI. Admission, Entry, and Parole ................................................................................................... 402
VII. Evidentiary Issues ....................................................................................................................... 408
VIII. Procedural Issues.................................................................................................................... 432
IX. Bond ................................................................................................................................................ 485
X. Due Process ................................................................................................................................... 513
XI. Convictions and Post-Conviction Relief ................................................................................ 547
XII. Summary Remands...................................................................................................................... 564
XIII. Non-Removal Decisions ......................................................................................................... 576
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Click a topic below to be directed to the relevant section)
Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................................... iii
Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... xxv
Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals .......................................................................... xxv
I. Grounds of Removability ............................................................................................................... 1

Alienage ................................................................................................................................................ 1
Abandonment of LPR Status, Lack of Valid Documents—INA 212(a)(7)(A)(i) ............................... 1
Abandonment of LPR Status ....................................................................................................... 1
Lack of Valid Entry Document .................................................................................................... 2
Aggravated Felonies—INA 237(a)(2)(A)(iii) ....................................................................................... 3
General ......................................................................................................................................... 3
INA 101(a)(43)(A)—murder, rape, sexual abuse of minor......................................................... 3
Murder .................................................................................................................................. 3
Rape ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Sexual Abuse of a Minor ...................................................................................................... 4
INA 101(a)(43)(B)—trafficking in controlled substances .......................................................... 7
No Federally Controlled Substance Required .................................................................... 7
No Trading or Dealing Required ......................................................................................... 8
Small Amount of Marijuana for No Remuneration ......................................................... 11
Miscellaneous ..................................................................................................................... 14
INA 101(a)(43)(C)—trafficking in firearms .............................................................................. 14
INA 101(a)(43)(D)—money laundering..................................................................................... 15
INA 101(a)(43)(E)—firearms and explosives offenses ............................................................. 15
INA 101(a)(43)(F)—crimes of violence ...................................................................................... 15
Physical Force/Injury Requirement .................................................................................. 15
Property Crimes ................................................................................................................. 20
Recklessness ....................................................................................................................... 20
Miscellaneous ..................................................................................................................... 21
Residual Clause—18 USC 16(b) ........................................................................................ 22
INA 101(a)(43)(G)—theft/burglary offenses ............................................................................. 24
Theft .................................................................................................................................... 24
Receipt of Stolen Property ................................................................................................. 28
Burglary .............................................................................................................................. 28
INA 101(a)(43)(I)—child pornography ...................................................................................... 29
INA 101(a)(43)(J)—racketeering and gambling ....................................................................... 30
INA 101(a)(43)(K)—prostitution offenses................................................................................. 30
v
BY BEN WINOGRAD
INA 101(a)(43)(M)—fraud and tax evasion .............................................................................. 30

INA 101(a)(43)(M)(i)—fraud .............................................................................................. 30
Fraud or Deceit ........................................................................................................... 30
Loss to Victim(s) ......................................................................................................... 31
INA 101(a)(43)(M)(ii)—tax evasion ................................................................................... 33
INA 101(a)(43)(O)—illegal reentry following commission of aggravated felony ................... 33
INA 101(a)(43)(R)—commercial bribery, counterfeiting, forgery ........................................... 33
INA 101(a)(43)(S)—obstruction of justice................................................................................. 33
INA 101(a)(43)(T)—failure to appear in court ......................................................................... 34
INA 101(a)(43)(U)—attempt or conspiracy .............................................................................. 34
Length of Sentence/Term of Imprisonment.............................................................................. 35
Alien Smuggling—INA 212(a)(6)(E)(i), INA 237(a)(1)(E) ............................................................... 35
Applicants For Admission ................................................................................................................. 36
Child Abuse, Abandonment, and Neglect—INA 237(a)(2)(E) ......................................................... 36
Controlled Substance Offenses—INA 237(a)(2)(B) .......................................................................... 39
No Federally Controlled Substance Required .......................................................................... 39
Paraphernalia ............................................................................................................................ 43
Personal Use of Marijuana Exception ...................................................................................... 44
Miscellaneous ............................................................................................................................. 45
Controlled Substance Traffickers—INA 212(a)(2)(C) ...................................................................... 46
Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude—INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i), INA 237(a)(2)(A)(i) .............................. 47
Assault-Related Crimes ............................................................................................................. 47
Property-Related Crimes ........................................................................................................... 52
Fraud-Related Crimes ............................................................................................................... 54
Theft-Related Crimes................................................................................................................. 57
Vehicle-Related Crimes ............................................................................................................. 62
Sex-Related Crimes.................................................................................................................... 65
Miscellaneous Crimes ................................................................................................................ 68
Within Five Years of “Date of Admission”................................................................................ 72
Matter of Silva-Trevino .............................................................................................................. 72
Juvenile Offender Exception—INA 212(a)(2)(A)(ii)(I) ............................................................. 73
Multiple CIMTs—INA 237(a)(2)(A)(ii)...................................................................................... 73
Petty Offense Exception—INA 212(a)(2)(A)(ii)(II) ................................................................... 74
Sentence of One Year or Longer................................................................................................ 74
Crimes of Domestic Violence—INA 237(a)(2)(E) ............................................................................. 74
Firearm Offenses—INA 237(a)(2)(C) ................................................................................................ 75
Fraud/Misrepresentation/False Claims of Citizenship—INA 212(a)(6)(C) .................................... 79
General ....................................................................................................................................... 79
vi
Falsely Claiming U.S. Citizenship ............................................................................................ 80

Inadmissible At Time Of Entry/Adjustment—INA 237(a)(1)(A) .................................................... 81
Marriage Fraud—INA 237(a)(1)(G) .................................................................................................. 81
Multiple Criminal Convictions—INA 212(a)(2)(B) .......................................................................... 82
Overstay—INA 237(a)(1)(B) .............................................................................................................. 82
Present Without Admission or Parole—INA 212(a)(6)(A)(i) ........................................................... 82
Prostitution—INA 212(a)(2)(D)......................................................................................................... 84
Stalking—INA 237(a)(2)(E)(i) ........................................................................................................... 84
Unlawful Presence—INA 212(a)(9) .................................................................................................. 84
Three- and Ten-Year Bars ......................................................................................................... 84
Permanent Bar ........................................................................................................................... 85
Unlawful Voters—INA 237(a)(6) ...................................................................................................... 85
Termination of Conditional Resident Status—INA 237(a)(1)(D) ................................................... 85
Terrorist Activities—INA 212(a)(3)(B) ............................................................................................. 86
Violation of Protection Order—INA 237(a)(2)(E)(ii) ........................................................................ 87
Violation of Nonimmigrant Status—INA 237(a)(1)(C) .................................................................... 88
II. Relief from Removal...................................................................................................................... 89

Abandonment of Applications ........................................................................................................... 89
Application Completed But Misdelivered or Misplaced .......................................................... 89
Consequences of Missing Deadline Not Explained .................................................................. 89
Deadline Not Set ........................................................................................................................ 90
Insufficient Time To Complete Application ............................................................................. 90
Lack of Complete Application or Supporting Documentation ................................................ 91
Miscellaneous ............................................................................................................................. 93
Ability to Apply .................................................................................................................................. 96
Non-Opposition of DHS ..................................................................................................................... 96
Adjustment of Status ......................................................................................................................... 96
Affidavit of Support ................................................................................................................... 96
Arriving Aliens ........................................................................................................................... 96
Bona Fides of Marriage ............................................................................................................. 97
Child Status Protection Act (CSPA) ......................................................................................... 98
Crewmen ..................................................................................................................................... 98
Cuban Adjustment Act .............................................................................................................. 99
Discretionary Determinations ................................................................................................... 99
Employment-Based Petitions .................................................................................................. 102
Filing Fees ................................................................................................................................ 103
Fraud Finding—INA 204(c)..................................................................................................... 103
Inadmissibility ......................................................................................................................... 103
vii
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Inspected and Admitted or Paroled ........................................................................................ 103

K Visa Issues ............................................................................................................................ 105
Legality of Marriage ................................................................................................................ 105
Maintenance of “Lawful Status” ............................................................................................. 105
Medical Examination ............................................................................................................... 106
Obtained Through Fraud......................................................................................................... 106
Parole-in-Place ......................................................................................................................... 106
Priority Dates ........................................................................................................................... 107
Refugees .................................................................................................................................... 107
Section 245(i) ............................................................................................................................ 107
Stepparents and Stepchildren ................................................................................................. 109
Termination of Proceedings to Pursue Before USCIS ........................................................... 109
Unauthorized Employment ..................................................................................................... 110
Visa Availability ....................................................................................................................... 111
Asylum and Withholding................................................................................................................. 111
Ability and Willingness of Government To Protect ............................................................... 111
General.............................................................................................................................. 111
Bangladesh ....................................................................................................................... 112
El Salvador ....................................................................................................................... 112
Ghana ................................................................................................................................ 113
Guatemala ........................................................................................................................ 113
Honduras .......................................................................................................................... 114
India .................................................................................................................................. 115
Indonesia........................................................................................................................... 115
Mexico ............................................................................................................................... 115
Somalia ............................................................................................................................. 116
Sierra Leone ..................................................................................................................... 116
Asylum-Only Proceedings........................................................................................................ 116
Changed Country Conditions (for Motion to Reopen)............................................................ 116
General.............................................................................................................................. 116
Azerbaijan ......................................................................................................................... 117
Cameroon .......................................................................................................................... 117
Central African Republic ................................................................................................. 118
China ................................................................................................................................. 118
Cuba .................................................................................................................................. 119
Dominican Republic ......................................................................................................... 119
Egypt ................................................................................................................................. 119
El Salvador ....................................................................................................................... 119
viii
Eritrea ............................................................................................................................... 119

Ethiopia............................................................................................................................. 120
Guatemala ........................................................................................................................ 120
Honduras .......................................................................................................................... 120
India .................................................................................................................................. 121
Indonesia........................................................................................................................... 121
Iraq .................................................................................................................................... 122
Kenya ................................................................................................................................ 123
Malawi .............................................................................................................................. 123
Mauritania ........................................................................................................................ 123
Mexico ............................................................................................................................... 123
Russia................................................................................................................................ 123
Somalia ............................................................................................................................. 123
Syria .................................................................................................................................. 123
Tanzania ........................................................................................................................... 124
Ukraine ............................................................................................................................. 124
Uzbekistan ........................................................................................................................ 124
Venezuela.......................................................................................................................... 124
Yemen ............................................................................................................................... 124
Confidentiality ......................................................................................................................... 124
Corroboration ........................................................................................................................... 125
Credible Fear Determinations ................................................................................................ 125
Discretionary Determinations ................................................................................................. 126
Disfavored Groups ................................................................................................................... 128
Domestic Violence—Matter of A-R-C-G-, 26 I&N Dec. 388 (BIA 2014) ................................ 128
Ability to Leave Relationship .......................................................................................... 128
Nexus/Motivations of Abuser .......................................................................................... 130
No Marriage Requirement ............................................................................................... 131
Reporting Abuse to Authorities ....................................................................................... 134
Vacatur of Matter of A-B-................................................................................................. 134
Dual Nationals ......................................................................................................................... 134
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) .......................................................................................... 134
Firm Resettlement Bar ............................................................................................................ 135
Frivolousness Findings ............................................................................................................ 137
Fundamental Change in Circumstances ................................................................................ 139
Gangs and Cartels.................................................................................................................... 140
Humanitarian Asylum ............................................................................................................. 141
Internal Relocation .................................................................................................................. 142
ix
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Material Support Bar .............................................................................................................. 144

Military Conscripts .................................................................................................................. 144
Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) ....................................................................................... 144
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 145
Nationality................................................................................................................................ 146
Nexus ........................................................................................................................................ 146
One-Year Filing Deadline ........................................................................................................ 147
Changed Circumstances Exception................................................................................. 147
Extraordinary Circumstances Exception ....................................................................... 149
Filing Within Reasonable Period .................................................................................... 151
Mendez Rojas Class Members ......................................................................................... 152
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 152
Particular Social Groups ......................................................................................................... 153
General.............................................................................................................................. 153
Crime Victims/Witnesses ................................................................................................. 156
Family-Based Claims ....................................................................................................... 157
Gender and Domestic-Violence Based Claims ............................................................... 160
Gender Alone ............................................................................................................ 160
Domestic Violence .................................................................................................... 163
Gang-Related ............................................................................................................ 165
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................... 166
Mental Health Claims...................................................................................................... 166
Occupation-Based Claims ................................................................................................ 167
Sexual Orientation/Transgender-Based Claims ............................................................ 168
Particularly Serious Crimes .................................................................................................... 170
Pattern or Practice ................................................................................................................... 173
Persecution ............................................................................................................................... 174
General Principles ............................................................................................................ 174
Economic Persecution ...................................................................................................... 174
Inability to Practice Religion ........................................................................................... 174
Threats/Attempts ............................................................................................................. 175
Physical Maltreatment .................................................................................................... 175
Sexual Maltreatment ....................................................................................................... 181
Persecutor Bar.......................................................................................................................... 181
Political Opinion....................................................................................................................... 181
Prior Residences ....................................................................................................................... 185
Race/Ethnicity .......................................................................................................................... 185
Referral from USCIS ............................................................................................................... 185
x
Religion ..................................................................................................................................... 186

Resistance To Coercive Population Control Program ............................................................ 187
Right to Specialized Counsel ................................................................................................... 187
Right to Apply and/or Testify In Support of Application ...................................................... 187
Safe Third Country Agreement ............................................................................................... 191
Serious Nonpolitical Crimes .................................................................................................... 191
State Department Reports ...................................................................................................... 192
Termination of Asylum ............................................................................................................ 192
Third Country Transit Rule .................................................................................................... 193
Timing of Individual Hearing ................................................................................................. 193
Unaccompanied Minors ........................................................................................................... 194
Well-Founded Fear .................................................................................................................. 195
Cancellation of Removal .................................................................................................................. 196
LPR Cancellation—INA 240A(a) ............................................................................................ 196
LPR Status ....................................................................................................................... 196
Continuous Residence Following Admission in Any Status .......................................... 196
Discretionary Determinations ......................................................................................... 197
Non-LPR Cancellation—INA 240A(b)(1) ................................................................................ 201
Continuous Physical Presence ........................................................................................ 201
Eligibility of LPRs ............................................................................................................ 207
Exceptional and Extremely Unusual Hardship ............................................................. 207
Cultural Hardship .................................................................................................... 207
Cumulative Impact on Multiple Qualifying Relatives ........................................... 209
Emotional Hardship ................................................................................................. 209
Financial Hardship .................................................................................................. 210
Hardship to Applicant and Nonqualifying Relatives ............................................. 211
Medical Hardship ..................................................................................................... 212
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................... 215
Learning and Developmental Disabilities (Including Autism) ............................. 217
Psychological Hardship (Including Anxiety) .......................................................... 220
Sufficient to Remand or Reopen Proceedings ......................................................... 222
Good Moral Character...................................................................................................... 227
Criminal Activity ...................................................................................................... 227
Confinement in Penal Institution ........................................................................... 228
Driving Under the Influence ................................................................................... 228
False Claim To Citizenship ..................................................................................... 228
False Testimony ....................................................................................................... 228
xi
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Gang Affiliation ........................................................................................................ 229

Habitual Drunkards ................................................................................................. 230
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................... 230
Polygamy ................................................................................................................... 231
Taxes ......................................................................................................................... 231
Ten-Year Window ..................................................................................................... 232
Qualifying Relatives......................................................................................................... 233
VAWA Cancellation—INA 240A(b)(2) .................................................................................... 233
“Stop-Time” Rule ...................................................................................................................... 234
Criminal Offenses ............................................................................................................ 234
Service of NTA .................................................................................................................. 235
Citizenship ....................................................................................................................................... 237
General ..................................................................................................................................... 237
Derivative ................................................................................................................................. 238
Convention Against Torture (CAT) ................................................................................................ 241
General ..................................................................................................................................... 241
Country-Specific ....................................................................................................................... 243
Algeria ............................................................................................................................... 243
Armenia ............................................................................................................................ 243
Belize ................................................................................................................................. 243
Brazil ................................................................................................................................. 243
China ................................................................................................................................. 243
Colombia ........................................................................................................................... 244
Cuba .................................................................................................................................. 244
Democratic Republic of Congo ......................................................................................... 244
Dominican Republic ......................................................................................................... 244
El Salvador ....................................................................................................................... 245
Eritrea ............................................................................................................................... 246
Guatemala ........................................................................................................................ 246
Haiti .................................................................................................................................. 247
Honduras .......................................................................................................................... 247
India .................................................................................................................................. 248
Iraq .................................................................................................................................... 248
Jamaica ............................................................................................................................. 248
Kenya ................................................................................................................................ 249
Lebanon ............................................................................................................................ 249
Liberia ............................................................................................................................... 249
Lithuania .......................................................................................................................... 249
xii
Mexico ............................................................................................................................... 249

Morocco ............................................................................................................................. 251
Nigeria .............................................................................................................................. 251
Pakistan ............................................................................................................................ 251
Peru ................................................................................................................................... 251
Russia................................................................................................................................ 251
Sierra Leone ..................................................................................................................... 251
Somalia ............................................................................................................................. 252
South Sudan ..................................................................................................................... 252
Thailand ............................................................................................................................ 252
Ukraine ............................................................................................................................. 252
Venezuela.......................................................................................................................... 252
Vietnam............................................................................................................................. 252
NACARA (Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act) ....................................... 253
Nonimmigrant Status ...................................................................................................................... 254
T Status .................................................................................................................................... 254
U Status .................................................................................................................................... 255
Continuance/Administrative Closure Pending Adjudication ........................................ 255
Grant of U Status as “Admission” ................................................................................... 261
Termination Following Grant or Placement on Waiting List ....................................... 261
Waivers ............................................................................................................................. 263
V Status .................................................................................................................................... 263
Registry ............................................................................................................................................ 263
Removal of Conditions on LPR Status ........................................................................................... 263
Special Immigrant Juvenile (SIJ) Status ....................................................................................... 264
Basis for Remand or Reopening .............................................................................................. 264
Basis for Termination of Proceedings ..................................................................................... 266
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 266
Continuance/Administrative Closure Pending Adjudication ................................................ 267
Suspension of Deportation .............................................................................................................. 270
Temporary Protected Status (TPS)................................................................................................. 270
VAWA (Violence Against Women Act) ........................................................................................... 272
Voluntary Departure ....................................................................................................................... 272
Ability to Reenter Foreign Country ........................................................................................ 272
Application Requirements ....................................................................................................... 272
Arriving Aliens ......................................................................................................................... 272
Basis for Reopening ................................................................................................................. 273
Bond .......................................................................................................................................... 273
xiii
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Discretionary Determinations ................................................................................................. 273

Extension of Time to Depart ................................................................................................... 275
Failure to Depart ..................................................................................................................... 275
IJ Failure to Consider .............................................................................................................. 276
Intention/Means to Depart ...................................................................................................... 276
Nunc Pro Tunc ......................................................................................................................... 277
Petitions For Review ................................................................................................................ 277
Physical Presence Requirement .............................................................................................. 277
Prior to Conclusion of Proceedings ......................................................................................... 277
Reinstatement on Appeal ........................................................................................................ 278
Waiver of Appeal ...................................................................................................................... 278
Withdrawal or Termination of ................................................................................................ 278
With Safeguards....................................................................................................................... 279
Waivers of Removability.................................................................................................................. 279
INA 209(c) ................................................................................................................................. 279
Exceptional and Extremely Unusual Hardship ............................................................. 279
INA 211(b) ................................................................................................................................ 279
INA 212(c) ................................................................................................................................. 280
INA 212(d)(3) ............................................................................................................................ 283
INA 212(h) ................................................................................................................................ 283
Aggravated Felony/Seven-Year Residence Bars ............................................................ 283
“Admission” as an LPR ............................................................................................ 283
“Lawfully Resides Continuously” ............................................................................ 285
Extreme Hardship ............................................................................................................ 286
Heightened Discretionary Standard For Violent or Dangerous Crimes ...................... 286
Simple Possession of 30 Grams or Less of Marijuana ................................................... 287
Waiver Under 212(h)(1)(A) .............................................................................................. 287
INA 212(i) ................................................................................................................................. 287
Extreme Hardship ............................................................................................................ 288
INA 212(k) ................................................................................................................................ 288
INA 216(c)(4)(A) ....................................................................................................................... 288
INA 216(c)(4)(B) ....................................................................................................................... 289
INA 237(a)(1)(H) ...................................................................................................................... 289
Withdrawal of Application for Admission ...................................................................................... 291
xiv
III. Prosecutorial Discretion and Administrative Remedies ................................................... 292

Administrative Closure ................................................................................................................... 292
Authority to Administratively Close Proceedings ................................................................. 292
As Form of Prosecutorial Discretion ....................................................................................... 292
For DACA Applicants and Grantees....................................................................................... 293
For Detained Respondents ...................................................................................................... 295
For Mental Incompetency ........................................................................................................ 295
Pending Action By USCIS ....................................................................................................... 296
Pending Resolution of Criminal Proceedings ......................................................................... 298
Recalendaring........................................................................................................................... 298
To Pursue Relief Before USCIS .............................................................................................. 298
Other ......................................................................................................................................... 298
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) ........................................................................... 299
Dismissal/Termination of Proceedings ........................................................................................... 301
Provisional Unlawful Presence Waivers (Form I-601A) ............................................................... 302
IV. Motions to Reopen ....................................................................................................................... 309

To Pursue Relief from Removal ...................................................................................................... 309
Equitable Tolling ............................................................................................................................. 311
In Absentia Orders of Removal ....................................................................................................... 314
Eligibility for Relief.................................................................................................................. 314
Evidence of Removability ........................................................................................................ 314
Exceptional Circumstances ..................................................................................................... 315
180-Day Deadline ............................................................................................................. 315
Awaiting Return After Removal...................................................................................... 315
Confusion/Inadvertent Mistake ...................................................................................... 315
Erroneous Failure to Change Venue .............................................................................. 317
Family Illness/Trauma .................................................................................................... 317
Fault of Attorney/Representative.................................................................................... 317
Illness or Physical Impairment ....................................................................................... 320
Inability to Decipher Hearing Notice.............................................................................. 321
Inability to Travel ............................................................................................................ 321
Lateness ............................................................................................................................ 322
Minors ............................................................................................................................... 322
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 323
Misinformation from DHS or Immigration Court .......................................................... 324
Misunderstood Date of Hearing ...................................................................................... 325
Traffic/Transportation Problems..................................................................................... 325
Failure to Appear ..................................................................................................................... 325
xv
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Fugitive Disentitlement Doctrine ........................................................................................... 327

Lack of Notice ........................................................................................................................... 327
Change of Address............................................................................................................ 327
Deficient NTA ................................................................................................................... 328
Delivery by Regular Mail ................................................................................................. 329
Erroneous or Incomplete Address ................................................................................... 333
Erroneous or Incomplete Time or Location of Hearing ................................................. 335
Erroneous or Incomplete Name....................................................................................... 336
Fault of Attorney/Representative.................................................................................... 336
Lack of or Faulty Interpreter at Hearing ....................................................................... 338
Minors ............................................................................................................................... 338
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 338
Notice Delivered But Not Received By Respondent ...................................................... 341
Notice Not In Record ........................................................................................................ 341
Notice Not Sent to Respondent and/or Attorney ............................................................ 341
Notice Sent to Outdated Address .................................................................................... 342
Notice Returned as Undeliverable .................................................................................. 346
Oral Warnings .................................................................................................................. 347
Signature on NTA ............................................................................................................ 347
Timing of Hearing Notice ................................................................................................ 348
In Federal or State Custody .................................................................................................... 348
Pre-IIRIRA ............................................................................................................................... 348
Sua Sponte/Totality of the Circumstances ............................................................................. 350
Joint Motions.................................................................................................................................... 363
Jurisdiction with IJ versus Board .................................................................................................. 364
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................... 365
Numerical Limitations .................................................................................................................... 365
Post-Departure Bar ......................................................................................................................... 365
Sua Sponte ....................................................................................................................................... 367
Diligence in Filing .................................................................................................................... 367
Following Acquisition of Lawful Status ................................................................................. 367
Following Attempt To Remove To Third County ................................................................... 368
For Acquisition or Claims of U.S. Citizenship ....................................................................... 368
For Board Error........................................................................................................................ 369
For Change in Law .................................................................................................................. 369
Affecting Removability..................................................................................................... 369
Affecting Eligibility for Relief .......................................................................................... 372
For DACA Recipients ............................................................................................................... 377
xvi
For Humanitarian/Medical Reasons ....................................................................................... 377

For Ineffective Assistance of Counsel ..................................................................................... 382
For Lack of Notice of Hearing ................................................................................................. 383
For Non-Compliant NTA ......................................................................................................... 383
For Post-Conviction Relief ....................................................................................................... 383
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 387
Scope of Authority .................................................................................................................... 388
To Pursue Relief from Removal .............................................................................................. 389
To Re-Examine Removability .................................................................................................. 395
To Travel on Advance Parole .................................................................................................. 396
Unknown Reasons.................................................................................................................... 396
Unavailability of Evidence .............................................................................................................. 396
When Barred By Reinstatement of Prior Order ............................................................................ 397
V. Motions to Reconsider ................................................................................................................ 398

Additional Evidence ......................................................................................................................... 398
Change in Circumstances................................................................................................................ 398
Change in Law ................................................................................................................................. 398
Erroneous Determinations .............................................................................................................. 398
Overlooked Aspect of Case .............................................................................................................. 399
Post-Departure ................................................................................................................................. 401
Sua Sponte ....................................................................................................................................... 401
VI. Admission, Entry, and Parole ................................................................................................... 402

Admission ......................................................................................................................................... 402
General ..................................................................................................................................... 402
Adjustment as “Admission” ..................................................................................................... 403
Fraudulent Documents ............................................................................................................ 404
Advance Parole................................................................................................................................. 404
Entry ................................................................................................................................................. 404
Returning LPRs ............................................................................................................................... 404
VII. Evidentiary Issues ....................................................................................................................... 408

Administrative Notice ..................................................................................................................... 408
Audio/Video Evidence ...................................................................................................................... 408
Authentication/Certification of Records ......................................................................................... 408
Burden of Proof ................................................................................................................................ 409
To Establish Removability ...................................................................................................... 409
To Establish Eligibility for Relief ........................................................................................... 410
Corroborating Evidence ................................................................................................................... 411
xvii
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Credibility Determinations ............................................................................................................. 412

Demeanor ................................................................................................................................. 412
Duty To Cite Specific Examples .............................................................................................. 413
Duty To Consider Independent Evidence ............................................................................... 414
Duty To Give Respondent Opportunity To Explain............................................................... 415
Falsus In Uno, Falsus In Omnibus ......................................................................................... 415
Inherent Plausibility................................................................................................................ 416
Mental Health .......................................................................................................................... 416
Minor or Tangential Inconsistencies ...................................................................................... 417
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 418
Omissions ................................................................................................................................. 421
Presumption of Credibility on Appeal .................................................................................... 421
Prior Border and Credible Fear Interviews ........................................................................... 421
Prior Fraudulent Activity ........................................................................................................ 423
“Self-Serving” Testimony ......................................................................................................... 423
Similarity To Other Claims / Matter of R-K-K-, 26 I&N Dec. 658 (BIA 2015) ..................... 424
Speculation ............................................................................................................................... 424
Expert Witnesses ............................................................................................................................. 425
Motions to Suppress ........................................................................................................................ 425
Right to Cross-Examine .................................................................................................................. 429
Weight Given To Evidence .............................................................................................................. 430
VIII. Procedural Issues.................................................................................................................... 432

Abeyance........................................................................................................................................... 432
Amending NTA & Lodging Additional Charges ............................................................................ 432
Appellate (BIA) Issues ..................................................................................................................... 432
Appeal Deadlines ..................................................................................................................... 432
Briefing Deadlines ................................................................................................................... 433
Certification of Appeals ........................................................................................................... 433
Cross-Appeals ........................................................................................................................... 434
Interlocutory Appeals .............................................................................................................. 434
Administrative Closure, Continuances, and Placement on Status Docket .................. 434
Change of Venue .............................................................................................................. 436
Eligibility for Relief .......................................................................................................... 440
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 440
Reopening of Proceedings ................................................................................................ 441
Termination or Dismissal of Proceedings ....................................................................... 441
Withdrawal as Counsel .................................................................................................... 442
IJ Editing of Decision .............................................................................................................. 442
xviii
Jurisdiction Shifting To BIA ................................................................................................... 443

Page Limits for Briefs and Motions ........................................................................................ 443
Referral to Three-Member Panel ............................................................................................ 443
Standard of Review .................................................................................................................. 443
De Novo ............................................................................................................................. 443
Clear Error ....................................................................................................................... 443
Submission of Evidence on Appeal ......................................................................................... 444
Summary Dismissal of Appeal ................................................................................................ 444
Waiver of Appeal ...................................................................................................................... 445
Waiver/Forfeiture of Arguments ............................................................................................. 448
Withdrawal of Appeal .............................................................................................................. 448
Biometrics......................................................................................................................................... 449
Change of Venue .............................................................................................................................. 451
Circuit Law....................................................................................................................................... 455
Compliance With Practice Manual ................................................................................................. 455
Continuances .................................................................................................................................... 455
For Attorney Preparation ........................................................................................................ 455
To Obtain Counsel ................................................................................................................... 455
To Prepare/Support Application for Relief ............................................................................. 457
To Receive FOIA Results ......................................................................................................... 459
To Review A-File ...................................................................................................................... 459
To Seek Post-Conviction Relief ............................................................................................... 459
To Seek Special Immigrant Juvenile (SIJ) Status................................................................. 460
To Seek U Visa ......................................................................................................................... 460
To Submit Updated Information ............................................................................................. 461
Pending Adjudication by USCIS ............................................................................................. 461
Pending Appeal of Denial By USCIS ...................................................................................... 464
Pending State or Federal Court Proceedings ......................................................................... 464
Pending Promulgation of Regulations .................................................................................... 464
Pending Completion of Related Removal Proceeding ............................................................ 464
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 464
Crewmen .......................................................................................................................................... 465
Designation of Country of Removal ................................................................................................ 465
Equitable Tolling ............................................................................................................................. 465
Filing Deadlines ............................................................................................................................... 466
Filing Fees ........................................................................................................................................ 467
Filing Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 467
Jurisdiction....................................................................................................................................... 467
xix
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Late-Filed Evidence ......................................................................................................................... 467

“Law of the Case” Doctrine.............................................................................................................. 467
Motions to Withdraw as Counsel .................................................................................................... 468
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................... 468
Notices to Appear ............................................................................................................................. 469
Opening/Closing Statements........................................................................................................... 472
Opportunity to Respond to Motion ................................................................................................. 472
Pleadings .......................................................................................................................................... 472
Reissuance of Decisions ................................................................................................................... 472
Replacement Immigration Judge.................................................................................................... 473
Res Judicata and Collateral Estoppel ............................................................................................ 474
Return After Improper Removal ..................................................................................................... 475
Scope of Remand .............................................................................................................................. 475
Service .............................................................................................................................................. 476
Subpoenas ........................................................................................................................................ 477
Stays of Removal .............................................................................................................................. 477
Termination or Dismissal of Proceedings....................................................................................... 477
Citizenship................................................................................................................................ 477
Death of Respondent ................................................................................................................ 477
Deficient NTA........................................................................................................................... 477
Departure From United States ............................................................................................... 479
DHS Failure To Satisfy Burden .............................................................................................. 479
Improper Service of NTA ......................................................................................................... 480
Mental Competency ................................................................................................................. 480
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 480
Over Objection of Respondent ................................................................................................. 481
Prosecutorial Discretion .......................................................................................................... 481
Reinstatement of Prior Order ................................................................................................. 481
To Pursue or Following Receipt of Provisional Waiver ......................................................... 482
To Pursue Adjustment of Status With USCIS ....................................................................... 482
Visa Waiver Program (VWP) .......................................................................................................... 482
Waiver/Failure to Preserve Argument ........................................................................................... 482
Withdrawal of Attorney Concession ............................................................................................... 483
Withholding-Only Proceedings ....................................................................................................... 484
IX. Bond ................................................................................................................................................ 485

Arriving Aliens ................................................................................................................................. 485
Bond Proceedings Distinct From Removal Proceedings................................................................ 485
Burden of Proof ................................................................................................................................ 485
xx
Conditions of Release....................................................................................................................... 485

Jurisdiction....................................................................................................................................... 486
Discretionary Detention—INA 236(a) ............................................................................................ 486
Alternatives to Detention ........................................................................................................ 486
Amount of Bond/Ability to Pay................................................................................................ 486
Burden of Proof ........................................................................................................................ 489
Danger to the Community ....................................................................................................... 489
Controlled Substances ..................................................................................................... 489
Crimes Involving Children .............................................................................................. 489
Dismissed Criminal Charges ........................................................................................... 490
Driving Under the Influence ........................................................................................... 491
Driving Without a License ............................................................................................... 495
Gang Membership/Affiliation .......................................................................................... 496
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 497
Flight Risk ................................................................................................................................ 500
Material Change in Circumstances ........................................................................................ 506
National Security ..................................................................................................................... 507
Rodriguez v. Robbins (Rodriguez III), 804 F.3d 1060 (9th Cir. 2015) .................................. 508
Mandatory Detention—INA 236(c) ................................................................................................. 508
“Custody” Requirement ........................................................................................................... 508
Whether DHS Is Likely To Prevail on Charge ....................................................................... 509
Mootness ........................................................................................................................................... 511
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................... 511
Post-Final Order Detention............................................................................................................. 511
Pending Petition for Review .................................................................................................... 511
Pending Reinstatement of Removal........................................................................................ 511
X. Due Process ................................................................................................................................... 513

Access to Government Documents .................................................................................................. 513
Bias or Misconduct of Immigration Judge ..................................................................................... 513
Abusive and Inappropriate Behavior...................................................................................... 513
Acting as Advocate ................................................................................................................... 514
Disregarding Board Decisions ................................................................................................. 515
Prior Employment With DHS ................................................................................................. 515
Stereotyping ............................................................................................................................. 516
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 516
Development of Record .................................................................................................................... 517
Ineffective Assistance of Counsel.................................................................................................... 517
Compliance With Matter of Lozada ........................................................................................ 517
xxi
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Failure to Advise Client........................................................................................................... 520

Failure to Appeal ..................................................................................................................... 521
Failure to Contest Removability ............................................................................................. 521
Failure to Explain Rights ........................................................................................................ 521
Failure to File Application or Documents .............................................................................. 522
Failure to File Brief ................................................................................................................. 523
Failure to Investigate .............................................................................................................. 524
Failure to Make Argument ...................................................................................................... 524
Failure to Notify Client ........................................................................................................... 525
Failure to Seek Relief .............................................................................................................. 526
Failure to Submit Evidence ..................................................................................................... 526
Improper Concession ............................................................................................................... 527
Losing Documents .................................................................................................................... 527
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 528
Prejudice ................................................................................................................................... 529
Unauthorized Practice of Law ................................................................................................. 529
Interpreters ...................................................................................................................................... 529
Mental Competency ......................................................................................................................... 531
Administrative Closure ........................................................................................................... 531
Competency Finding ................................................................................................................ 531
Duty To Conduct Competency Hearing .................................................................................. 532
Duty of DHS ............................................................................................................................. 534
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 535
Safeguards ................................................................................................................................ 535
Service....................................................................................................................................... 536
Notice of Apparent Eligibility for Relief ......................................................................................... 536
Prejudice ........................................................................................................................................... 537
Pro Se Respondents ......................................................................................................................... 537
Proportionality of Removal ............................................................................................................. 541
Right to Call Witnesses/Submit Evidence...................................................................................... 541
Right to Counsel............................................................................................................................... 541
Right to See/Rebut Evidence ........................................................................................................... 545
Stipulated Removal Orders ............................................................................................................. 546
Video Teleconference ....................................................................................................................... 546
XI. Convictions and Post-Conviction Relief ................................................................................ 547

Admissions of Criminal Activity ..................................................................................................... 547
Convictions ....................................................................................................................................... 547
Categorical and Modified Categorical Approach ................................................................... 547
xxii
Existence of Conviction............................................................................................................ 550

Finality of Conviction .............................................................................................................. 552
Timing of Conviction ................................................................................................................ 554
Post-Conviction Relief ..................................................................................................................... 554
Pardons ..................................................................................................................................... 554
Vacaturs / Withdrawals of Guilty Pleas ................................................................................. 555
Record Modifications................................................................................................................ 561
Sentence Modifications ............................................................................................................ 561
XII. Summary Remands...................................................................................................................... 564

Audio Difficulties and Incomplete Transcripts .............................................................................. 564
For IJ to Consider in First Instance ............................................................................................... 566
IJ Failure to Consider Evidence ..................................................................................................... 566
IJ Failure to Explain ....................................................................................................................... 566
IJ Failure to Take Pleadings ........................................................................................................... 566
Inadequacy of IJ Decision ............................................................................................................... 566
Intervening Laws/Regulations ........................................................................................................ 573
Missing or Incomplete Record of Proceedings ................................................................................ 573
Motions to Remand .......................................................................................................................... 574
To Clarify Country of Removal ....................................................................................................... 575
XIII. Non-Removal Decisions ......................................................................................................... 576

Nonimmigrant Visa Waivers........................................................................................................... 576
Rescission of LPR Status ................................................................................................................. 577
Visa Petitions ................................................................................................................................... 577
Adam Walsh Act....................................................................................................................... 577
Evidentiary and Procedural Issues ......................................................................................... 577
Petitions For Children ............................................................................................................. 579
Adopted Children ............................................................................................................. 579
Children Born Out of Wedlock ........................................................................................ 579
Stepchildren...................................................................................................................... 580
Petitions For Parents ............................................................................................................... 580
Sibling Petitions ....................................................................................................................... 580
Spousal Petitions...................................................................................................................... 581
Arranged Marriages ......................................................................................................... 581
Bona Fides of Relationship .............................................................................................. 581
Proxy Marriages ............................................................................................................... 582
Validity of Prior Divorce .................................................................................................. 582
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................................... 583
Revocation of Petitions ............................................................................................................ 583
xxiii
BY BEN WINOGRAD
Sham Marriage Bar—INA 204(c) ........................................................................................... 585

General.............................................................................................................................. 585
Standard of Proof ............................................................................................................. 587
xxiv
ABBREVIATIONS
BIA – Board of Immigration Appeals
CBP – Customs and Border Protection
CFR – Code of Federal Regulations
DHS – Department of Homeland Security
EAD – Employment Authorization Document
ICE – Immigration and Customs Enforcement
IJ – Immigration Judge
INA – Immigration and Nationality Act
LPR – Lawful Permanent Resident
NACARA – Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act
NTA – Notice to Appear
SIJ – Special Immigrant Juvenile
TPS – Temporary Protected Status
USCIS – U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service
MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF IMMIGRATION APPEALS

The decisions contained in this index were authored or joined by the following BIA members:
▪ David Wetmore (Chairman) ▪ Beth S. Liebmann (Member)
▪ Charles Adkins Blanch (Vice Chairman) ▪ Ellen Liebowitz (Member)
▪ Michael P. Baird (Member) ▪ Sunita B. Mahtabfar (Member)
▪ William A. Cassidy (Former Member) ▪ Garry D. Malphrus (Member)
▪ Katharine E. Clark (Member) ▪ Ana Landazabal Mann (Member)
▪ Patricia A. Cole (Former Member) ▪ Elise Manuel (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Stuart V. Couch (Former Member) ▪ Neil P. Miller (Former Member)
▪ Michael J. Creppy (Member) ▪ Megan Foote Monsky (Former Temporary Member)
▪ John Crossett (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Philip J. Montante Jr. (Member)
▪ Lisa de Cardona (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Daniel Morris (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Teresa L. Donovan (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Hugh Mullane (Member)
▪ Lauri S. Filppu (Former Member) ▪ David Neal (Former Chairman)
▪ Megan Foote (Temporary Member) ▪ Mark Noferi (Temporary Member)
▪ Joan B. Geller (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Margaret O’Herron (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Marcos Gemoets (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Blair O’Connor (Member)
▪ Deborah K. Goodwin (Member) ▪ Brian M. O’Leary (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Stephanie E. Gorman (Member) ▪ Juan Osuna (Former Member)
▪ Edward R. Grant (Former Member) ▪ Sirce Owen (Member)
▪ Anne J. Greer (Member) ▪ Roger Pauley (Former Member)
▪ John W. Guendelsberger (Former Member) ▪ S. Kathleen Pepper (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Fred Hess (Former Member) ▪ Aaron R. Petty (Member)
▪ Sharon C. Hoffman (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Kevin W. Riley (Member)
▪ Hope M. Holiona (Former Temporary Member) ▪ Scott Rosen (Former Temporary Member)
▪ David B. Holmes (Former Member) ▪ Andrea Saenz (Member)
▪ Keith E. Hunsucker (Member) ▪ Thomas Snow (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Edward F. Kelly (Former Member) ▪ Daniel L. Swanwick (Former Temporary Member)
▪ Molly Kendall Clark (Former Member) ▪ Linda S. Wendtland (Former Member)
▪ Carole A. King (Former Member) ▪ David H. Wetmore (Member)
▪ Jean C. King (Former Member) ▪ Earle B. Wilson (Former Member)
xxv
BY BEN WINOGRAD
I. GROUNDS OF REMOVABILITY
Alienage
Deivid Jonas Perez-Vail, A208 273 490 (BIA Nov. 16, 2020) (upholds finding that DHS failed to
establish alienage by clear, unequivocal, and convincing evidence where IJ did not clearly err in
crediting testimony of respondent’s parents that he was born in Florida) (Kelly, Adkins-Blanch,
Couch (dissenting))
Herman Dickens Ogoti, A099 235 155 (BIA June 10, 2019) (terminates proceedings under Okpala v.
Whitaker, 908 F.3d 965 (5th Cir. 2018), because respondent was a naturalized citizen at the time of
the conviction giving rise to the charge of removability) (Adkins-Blanch, Liebmann, Morris)
Abandonment of LPR Status, Lack of Valid Documents—INA 212(a)(7)(A)(i)
Abandonment of LPR Status
Chineye Helen Ananti, A061 340 835 (BIA July 11, 2019) (affirms finding that respondent did not
abandon LPR status where she returned to the United States six times between 2010 and 2016,
applied for visas for her children after completing her medical residency abroad, and her husband
(an attorney) planned to take the New York bar) (Greer)
Adrian Omaliki Sebastian Prass, A045 869 924 (BIA Feb. 6, 2019) (IJ improperly shifted burden to
respondent to establish that he did not abandon LPR status) (Kendall Clark, Guendelsberger, Grant
(dissenting))
John Deng Wol Wol, A094 695 752 (BIA May 7, 2018) (vacates finding that pro se respondent
conceded abandoning LPR status because he did not understand the significance of his admissions)
(Pauley, Greer, Wendtland)
Marie Anne Allsopp, A036 886 149 (BIA March 6, 2018) (reverses determination that respondent
intended to abandon LPR status in light of numerous subsequent admissions in non-immigrant
status, attempts to reacquire LPR status through congressman, and attempt to obtain labor
certification) (Cole, Wendtland, Pauley (dissenting)
Jin Soo Lee, A043 345 619 (BIA Dec. 19, 2017) (upholds finding that respondent did not abandon
LPR status where IJ credited in-court testimony over purported statements in Form I-213) (Pauley)
Amrollah Vaziri, A099 237 670 (BIA Oct. 27, 2017) (upholds finding that respondent did not abandon
LPR status where intended to return to United States and was precluded from leaving Iran due to
medical issues and family obligations) (Greer, Adkins-Blanch, Wendtland)
Ka I Lei, A046 594 161 (BIA March 8, 2017) (reverses finding of abandonment following 33-month
departure because DHS failed to demonstrate that respondent lacked continuous intent to return;
facts of case warrant deviation from general principle that parent’s intent to abandon LPR status
may be imputed to unemancipated minor) (Greer, Wendtland, Cole (dissenting))
Irene O. Atseyinku, A058 536 724 (BIA Oct. 25, 2016) (upholds finding that respondent abandoned
LPR status based on lengthy trips abroad and insignificance of contacts in United States) (Greer,
Pauley, Wendtland (dissenting))
Yusniel Michel Arias Rodriguez, A098 308 637 (BIA Nov. 16, 2015) (remands for further
YOU MUST PURCHASE THIS DOCUMENT TO READ BEYOND THIS POINT

Index of Unpublished Decisions of The Board of Immigration Appeals (2024 Edition)

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Index of Unpublished Decisions of The Board of Immigration Appeals (2024 Edition)

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

INDEX OF UNPUBLISHED DECISIONS

UPDATED MARCH 2024

Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC | www.irac.net

“An incredible resource for immigrants and their advocates.”

“A creative and vital advocacy tool for immigrant advocates everywhere.”

“A must-have for any practitioner defending clients in removal proceedings.”

“An amazing resource!”

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What is the Immigrant & Refugee Appellate Center, LLC?

What Does this Index Contain?

How Frequently Is This Index Updated?

How Much Does This Index Cost?

Is Group Pricing Available?

How Do I Purchase This Index?

How Do I Use This Index?

If I Purchase This Index, Can I Share It With Others?

Can I Submit Copies of The Decisions With My Brief?

Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................................... iii

Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... xxv

Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals .......................................................................... xxv

I. Grounds of Removability ............................................................................................................... 1

II. Relief from Removal...................................................................................................................... 89

III. Prosecutorial Discretion and Administrative Remedies ................................................... 292

IV. Motions to Reopen ....................................................................................................................... 309

V. Motions to Reconsider ................................................................................................................ 398

VI. Admission, Entry, and Parole ................................................................................................... 402

VII. Evidentiary Issues ....................................................................................................................... 408

VIII. Procedural Issues.................................................................................................................... 432

IX. Bond ................................................................................................................................................ 485

X. Due Process ................................................................................................................................... 513

XI. Convictions and Post-Conviction Relief ................................................................................ 547

XII. Summary Remands...................................................................................................................... 564

XIII. Non-Removal Decisions ......................................................................................................... 576

Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................................... iii

Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... xxv

Members of the Board of Immigration Appeals .......................................................................... xxv

I. Grounds of Removability ............................................................................................................... 1

INA 101(a)(43)(M)—fraud and tax evasion .............................................................................. 30

Falsely Claiming U.S. Citizenship ............................................................................................ 80

II. Relief from Removal...................................................................................................................... 89

Inspected and Admitted or Paroled ........................................................................................ 103

Eritrea ............................................................................................................................... 119

Material Support Bar .............................................................................................................. 144

Religion ..................................................................................................................................... 186

Gang Affiliation ........................................................................................................ 229

Mexico ............................................................................................................................... 249

Discretionary Determinations ................................................................................................. 273

III. Prosecutorial Discretion and Administrative Remedies ................................................... 292

IV. Motions to Reopen ....................................................................................................................... 309

Fugitive Disentitlement Doctrine ........................................................................................... 327

For Humanitarian/Medical Reasons ....................................................................................... 377

V. Motions to Reconsider ................................................................................................................ 398

VI. Admission, Entry, and Parole ................................................................................................... 402

VII. Evidentiary Issues ....................................................................................................................... 408

Credibility Determinations ............................................................................................................. 412

VIII. Procedural Issues.................................................................................................................... 432

Jurisdiction Shifting To BIA ................................................................................................... 443

Late-Filed Evidence ......................................................................................................................... 467

IX. Bond ................................................................................................................................................ 485

Conditions of Release....................................................................................................................... 485

X. Due Process ................................................................................................................................... 513

Failure to Advise Client........................................................................................................... 520