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BattlesofPanipat|Indianhistory|Britannica.com

Battles of Panipat
INDIAN HISTORY

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attles of Panipat, (1526, 1556, 1761), three military engagements, important in the history of northern India, fought at Panipat, a

level plain suitable for cavalry movements, about 50 miles (80 km) north of Delhi. The rst battle (April 21, 1526) was between the Mughal
chief Bbur, then ruler of Kabul, and Sultan Ibrhm Lod of Delhi. Although the sultans army outnumbered the Mughals, it was unused
to the wheeling tactics of the cavalry and suffered from deep divisions. Ibrhm was killed, and his army was defeated. This marked the
beginning of the Mughal Empire in India.
The second battle (Nov. 5, 1556) ended in a victory for Bayram Khn, the guardian of the young Mughal emperor Akbar, over Hemu, the
Hindu general of an Afghan claimant who had proclaimed himself independent. It marked the restoration of Mughal power after the
expulsion of the emperor Humyn by the Afghan Shr Shah of Sr in 1540.
The third battle (Jan. 14, 1761) ended the Maratha attempt to succeed the Mughals as rulers of India and marked the virtual end of the
Mughal empire. The Maratha army, under the Bhao Sahib, uncle of the peshwa (chief minister), was trapped and destroyed by the Afghan
chief Amad Shah Durrn. This began 40 years of anarchy in northwestern India and cleared the way for later British supremacy.

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country that occupies the greater part of South Asia. It is a constitutional republic consisting of 29 states, each with a
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Panipat

city, east-central Haryana state, northwestern India. It is connected by road and rail with Delhi (south) and Ambala
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Delhi (India)

city and national capital territory, north-central India. The city of Delhi actually consists of two components: Old Delhi, in
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