‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Learn CBSE we've just launched our Android App! . LearnCBSE.in - Download Now Ped (eroreei foley You are here: Home / CBSE / Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law December 3, 2 y Sastry CBSE Download This to PDF @) Convert doc to pdf and pdf to doc Go to downloadconverternow.com/PDF/Col er Current Electricity Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law The directed rate of flow of elect: current. harge through any cross-section of a conductor is known as electric If AQ charge flows in time A¢, then current at any time ¢ is T= lim 42-28 ato At dt Also, 101.2 fe q= nel where, n = number of charged particles constitute the current NOTE Current is a scalar quantity lis in the direction of flow of positive charge and opposite to the direction of flow of negative charge SI unit of current is ampere and is represented by A. hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 1198vane Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physis Resistance and Ohm's Law Ampere is defined as, LA= Leoulomb (C) _ iq), 1 second (s) 2.The current density at a point in a conductor is the ratio of the current at that point in the conductor to the area of cross-section of the conductor at that point provided the area is held normal to the direction of flow of current Current density, j= 4! or dI=j-dA or I J “dA= | jdAcos® AA NOTE Current density is a vector quantity 3.Flow of Electric Charge in Metallic Conductors Among the solids, all metals are good conductors of electricity. The cause of conductance is free electrons. In Case of a Solid Conductor (i.e. Cu, Fe, Ag, etc) atoms are tightly bound to each other. There are large number of free electrons in them In Case of a Liquid Conductor L ike electrolytic solution, there are positive and negative charged ions which can move on applying electric field 4.Drift Velocity It is defined as the average velocity with which the free electrons rove towards the positive end of a conductor under the influence of an external electric field applied hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 208vero Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law E = va=t nm where, t= relaxation time, E = electric field, m = mass, e = electron NOTE The drift velocity of electron is of the order of 10“ ms™ Electric current in terms of drift velocity T= nea vq where, n = number density of free electrons, e = electronic charge = crvcs-sectional area and v, = drift velocity of an electron Current density at any point of conductor, j 4 where, j is a vector quantity. Mobility The ratio of drift. velocity of electrons and the applied electrie field is known as mobility. = wate SI unit is [m’s“'v-!]. Ohm's Law At constant temperature, the potential difference V across the ends of a given metallic wire (conductor) in an circuit (electric) is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. Vel ‘The variation of current wrt. applied potential difference is q shown with the help of following graph. V-R where, R= resistance of conductor No effect of Vand Ion & because as V increase, increase but R v remains the same. Resistance of a Conductor Mathematically, it is the ratio of potential difference applied across the ends of conductor to the current flowing through it. v =i R=— T SI unit is ohm (@). Resistance can also be written as, R= where, L=length of the conductor, A = area of cross-section and p=constant, known as resistivity of the material. It depends upon nature of the material. hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Relationship between resistivity and relaxation time ne*t where, t= relaxation time Specific resistance or resistivity (p) depends on the material of conductor, not on the length and cross-sectional area (A) i.e. geometry of conductor. . R For a given conductor, p = constant and stretching/compression of conductor is done, then AR al aA AR 109 = 2! 100-94 x 100 R* 7 A ‘At constant volume of conductor, if length increases, area decreases and vice-versa. Here, AE x 100 = percentage change in resistance Temperature Coefficient of resistance is given by R, -R, Conductivity It is defined as the reciprocal of resistivity of a conductor. It is expressed aso SI unit is mho per metre (Q"'/ m). Superconductivity ‘The resistivity of certain metal or alloy drops to zero when they are cooled below 2 certain temperature is called superconductivity. It was observed by Prof, Kamerling in 1011. Relationship between current density (/), electric field (E)and conductivity (6) is jk Some Important Units (i) Resistance Ohm (0) (i) Resistivity Ohm-metre (-m) (iii) Conductance () ‘Mho or 2~ or Siemen (S) (iv) Current density Alm? If a conductor is stretched or compresses to n times of original length, then Venl > R=n?R where, R’ =new resistance and F = original resistance. Colour Code of Resistance The colour code on carbon resistor remains in the form of coaxial rings. 498oro Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law ‘The first band represents the first significant figure, second band represents second significant figure and third band represents multiplier (i.e. power of ten). The fourth band represents tolerance. ate “ve Red ome ™ Green a Violot: on White | | | | B B R oO Y of Great Britain had Very Good Wife | lott | | | ee > 1 2 38 4 5 6 7 8 9 Carbon resistor ‘Tolerance Unit Gold 5% Silver 10% No colour 20% 19. Combinations of Resistance There are two types of resistance combinations, @ Series Combination In this combination, different resistances are connected end to end. Equivalent resistance can be obtained as the formula, Rug = Ry + Ry +...+ By A Py Sei Aidiemd dimen ii NOTE The total resistance in the series combination is more than the greatest resistance in the circuit. (i) Parallel Combination In this combination, first end of all the resistances are connected to one point and last end of all the resistances are connected to other point. Equivalent resistance can be obtained by the formula 1 1 gels NOTE The total resistance in parallel combination is less than the least resistance of the circuit. 20, In identical resistors each of resistance r are connected in (@ series combination, Ryy = nr r (i) parallel combination, R,, Previous Year Examination Questions 2 Mark Questions hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Variation of current versus voltage for the material GaAs. Current (ma) Vattage (V) 2.Show variation of resistivity of copper as a function of temperature in graph. [Delhi 2014; All India 2014] Ans.Graph of resistivity of copper as a function of temperature is given below (resistivity of metals increases with increase in temperature) 04 02 Resistivity p(10-8 Q-m) 0 50 100 150 Temperature T (K) — ‘3.Define the term drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor and write its relationship with the current flowing through it. [Dethi 2014] Ans.The term drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor is defined as the average velocity acquired by the free electrons along the length of a metallic conductor under a potential difference applied across the conductor. Its relationship is expressed as v= neA where, | is current flowing through the conductor is concentration of free electrons eis electron ie.charge Ais cross-sectional area hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 5.Show variation of resistivity of Si with temperature in graph.[Delhi 2014] Ans. [& The rest of a semiconductor "decreases exponentially with temperature. The variation of resistivity with temperature for semiconductor is shown in figure below. I— Temperature a) p Resistivity. of semiconductor 6.Define the term mobility of charge carriers in a conductor. Write its S| unit. [Delhi 2014] Ans. The mobility of charge carriers in a conductor is defined as the magnitude of drift velocity (in a current carrying conductor) per unit electric field. (1/2) _ Drift velocity (vg) _ qt Electric field — m where, 7 is the average relaxation time and mis the mass of the charged particle. Its SLunit ism?/V-s orms'N*C. aay ‘7.Mrite a relation between current and drift velocity of electrons in a conductor. Use this relation to explain how the resistance of a conductor changes with the rise in temperature ? [Compartment 2013] Ans Relation between current and drift velocity of electrons in a conductor is given by |= Anevg where | = current, A = area of conductor, n = number density of electrons and vg = drift velocity. with the increase in temperature of a metallic conductor, resistance increases and hence, drift velocity decreases 8.When electrons drift in a metal from lower to higher potential, does it mean that all the free electrons of hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 798area portant Custos fr CBSE Clas 12 Physics Resistance an Ohm's Law The resistivity of a semiconductor] "decreases exponentially with temperature. The variation of resistivity with temperature for semiconductor is shown in figure below. p Resistivity. of semiconductor ™— Temperature a) 10.Two wires of equal length, one of copper and the other of manganin have the same resistance. Which wire is thicker? [All India 2012] Ans. Given that resistance of both the wire is same. ie. Run = Rew Pon diin <9 fou () Aue Ay ~ According to the question, both the wires are of equal length, so Iaan = New ~. From Eq. (i), we get Pain — Pov op P == constant Avn — Acu or Aco = Peu ‘or pec A Avin Pen We know that copper is better conductor than manganin, therefore, copper will have less resistivity. ie. Pou < Pain So, Ayn? Aca (ep A) That means wire of manganin will be thicker than that of copper. i) hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! ans‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law The resistivity of the material of conductor is equal to the resistance offered by the conductor ‘of same material of unit length and unit cross-sectional area. The resistivity of a material of the conductor does not depend on the geometry of the conductor. SI unit of resistivity is ohm-metre (Q -m). (1/2 + 1/2=1) 12. A wire of resistance 8 Q is bent in the form of a circle. What is the effective resistance between the ends of a diameter AB? [Delhi 2010) A B Ans. The resistance of the whole wire is8 Q, which is bent in the form of a circle. We have to find the effective resistance between the ends of diameter AB. Diameter of the circle divides the circle into two equal parts. The resistance of each such part will bes 4Q. (Resistance Re length of wire /, if length is halved then resistance will also become half). From the figure, it is clear that both the parts are in parallel combination. So, effective resistance between A and B is given by 114 1 ety! ost. Rap Ry Ry Raw es 42 4 = Rg = ==2i8 eo a 13.Two identical slabs, of a given metal, are joined together, in two different ways, as shown in figures hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law (@) ©) In these types of questions, first of all, identify) the combination in which the metal slabs are| connected and then apply the formula for nt resistance according! Let each conductor is of resistance R. Case | According to Fig. (a) the resistances are connected in series combination, so equivalent resistance of slab R,=R+R=2R Case Il According to Fig. (b), the resistances are connected in parallel combination, so equivalent resistance 111 1_2 R + R Jott 1.2 4 ak Rk, RR RR 2 Ratio of the equivalent resistance in two combinations is RR, Ry R (RI) R, a) 14.Two conducting wires X and Y of same diameter but different materials are joined in series across a battery. If the number density of electrons in X is twice than that in Y, then find the ratio of drift velocity of electrons in the two wires. [All India 2010] Ans. Given that number density in X = 2x Number density in Y => ny =2n, As current is common for the entire circuit ie. T=nyAy 2 (ugly = ny Ay € Wg)y Also, the diameters of the wires are same =Ay OF tS resistance. AN Inara ZvUyC] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! sasvera Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physis Resistance and Ohm's Law Ans. According to the colour code of resistances Code for red = 2 Code for green Code for yellow = 4 « Resistance of the wire = 25 x 104Q + 20% 16.Write an expression for the resistivity of a metallic conductor showing its variation over a limited range of temperatures. [Delhi 2008 C] Ans. Required expression p = po [1+ « (7, — 7) )] where, py = resistivity of conductor at lower reference temperature, & = temperature coefficient of resistivity, and p = resistivity of material of conductor.(1) 17 Define ionic mobility. Write its SI Unit. [Foreign 2008] Ans. lonic Mobility The ionic mobility is the drift speed acquired by ions per unit applied electric field onic mobility, poe E where, vq = drift speed, E = applied electric field. Its St unit ism?/V-s. er) 18. A physical quantity, associated with electrical conductivity, has the SI unit Q-m, Identify this physical quantity. [All India 2008C] Ans. The physical quantity resistivity (p) of material of randictne hoe tha Cl init Om ™ hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 15‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 19. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 1.0 x 10~’m? carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9 x 107m [all india 2014] Ans. Given, cross sectional area, A =1.0 x107’m? Current, I = 1.54 Electron density, n =9 x10” m* Drift velocity, vy =? We know that, I =neAvy ( I = Va TeA 5 © 9x10 x1.6 x10 x1.0 x107 =1.042 x 107 m/s ( 20. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 2.5 x 10-7 m? carrying a current of 1.8 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9x10%m™. [All india 2014] Ans. Refer to ans. 19, (Ans. 5 x 10 m/s) 21. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 25 x 10-’m? carrying a current of 2.7 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to ha v 1028 m3 Fall indie 901.81 hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 208vera Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 22.Draw a plot showing the variation of resistivity of a (i) conductor and (ji) semiconductor, with the increase in temperature. How does one explain this behaviour in terms of number density of charge carriers and the relaxation time? [Delhi 2014 C] Ans. (i) Conductor (ii) Semiconductor The relation between _ resi: ity and relaxation time p= = nevt In conductors, average relation time decreases with increase in temperature, resulting in an increase in resistivity. In semiconductors, the increase in number density (with increase in temperature) is more than the decrease in relaxation time, the net result is therefore a decrease in resistivity. 23.Derive an expression for the current density of a conductor in terms of the drift speed of electrons. [Foreign 2014] Ans | et nntential difference Vis annlied across a candurtor af lenath / and hence an electric field E hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law sell) Let n=number density of free electrons A= cross-sectional area of conductor lectrons charge -. Number of free electrons present in / length of conductor = nA/ «. Total charge contained in length / which can contribute in current q=(nAbe --i) (112) The time taken by free electron to cross the / length of conductor is tet oii) va (1/2) where, vg = drift speed of electron ©. Current through the conductor ~. Current density (j) = te j=nevg i.e. j vg) a Thus, current density of conductor is proportional to drift speed. 24.4 conductor of lenath / is connected to a DC source of natential V. If the lenath of the conductor is hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! arsvarn017 Imprint Questions for CBSE Claes 12 Physics Resistanoe and Ofr's Law [°_ When a wire is stretched, then there is no | € change in the matter of the wire hence, Its I volume remains constant. | NOTE There is a difference between the two length changed by stretching and length mode changes. Ist means that volume will not change but lind means that volume will change. The potential V = constant, /’ = 3/ (Drift speed of electrons = —Y- nelp where, nis number of electrons, e is charge on electron, / is the length of the conductor and p is the resistivity of conductor. Vee (+ Other factors are constants) So, vhen length is tripled, drift velocity gets one-third. a) (ii) Resistance of the conductor is given as 1 R=pt PA hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 1895‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Here, wire is stretched to triple its length, that means the mass of the wire remains same in both the conditions. Mass before stretching=Mass after stretching. (Volume x Density) before stretching = (Volume x Density) after stretching. (Area of cross-section x Length) before stretching = (Area of cross-section x Length) after stretching (. Density is same in both cases) Ath = Agh Ail = Ap (3) (: Length is tripled after stretching) A Ares ie. when length is tripled area of cross-section is reduced to 5. r 3l u Hence, R=p-—- =p—=9p—=9R lence, Pa 9p A 3 ql) Thus, new resistance will be 9 times of its original value. 25.Plot a graph showing temperature dependence of resistivity for a typical semiconductor. How is this behaviour explained? [Delhi 2011] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Ans. To plot the ¢ grapl jetween the two quantities, | f all identify the relation Since, resistivity of material of conductor (p) is given by ne’ where, n= number density of electrons, t= relaxation time. With the rise of temperature of semiconductor, number density of free electrons increases, whereas t remains constant and hence resistivity decreases. q@) Resistivity of a semiconductor decreases rapidly with temperature a) 26. (i) You are required to select a carbon resistor of resistance 47 k Q £10% from a large collection. What should be the sequence of colour bands used to code it? (ii) Write two characteristics of manganin which make it suitable for making standard resistances. [Delhi 2011] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!varn017 Imprint Questions for CBSE Claes 12 Physics Resistanoe and Ofr's Law (i) Given, resistance = 47 kQ +10% =47x10°2+10% -. Ist colour band should be yellow as code for it is 4. {nd colour band should be violet as code for it is 7. Ilird colour band should be orange as code for it is 3. IVth colour band should be silver because approximation is + 10% Violet Yeliow —] Orange Silver q (ii) Two properties of manganin are (a) Low temperature coefficient of resistance. (b) High value of resistivity of material of manganin make it suitable for making a standard resistor. QQ) 27.The sequence of coloured bands in two carbon resistors R, and Ry is. (brown, green, blue and (ijorange, black, green. Find the ratio of their resistances. [Delhi 2010 C] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! ansvarn017 Imprint Questions for CBSE Claes 12 Physics Resistanoe and Ofr's Law Ans. According to colour codes, resistance of two wires are (i) Code of brown =1 Code of green = 5 Code of blue = 6 R,=15 x10°Q + 20% (i) Code of orange = 3 Code of black = 0 Code of green = 5 R, =30x10°2 + 20% ‘ «. Ratio of resistances St = 13X10" R, 30x10 > Ras R a 28. A wire of 15Q resistance is gradually stretched to double its original length. It is then cut into two equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel across a 3.0V battery. Find the current drawn from the battery. [All india 2009] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 996‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law Let original cross-sectional area and length of 15 Q resistance are A and / after stretching they become A’ and I’, respectively. U ol) ‘ t Initial resistance, R=p—=> 15= A Pa .. In case of stretching, volume of the wire remains same, so Al=A'l’ ret a anh fii) 2 «. Resistance after stretching v 21 A Ri=pse=p|s<| al p2 on o( Zs) (P i) R=4x15 (from Eq. (i)) Now resistance, R’ = 60 Q a2) After dividing into two parts, resistance of each part =30Q *. Effective resistance after connecting them into parallel combination Ry = 22-150 «v/2) *: Applied potential difference, V=3V Current drawn from the battery, I = ¥ (from Ohm’s law) ~ I = T=3A a OF 15 29.Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor in terms of relaxation time. [Delhi 2009] Ans. hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! aessora Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law When a conductor is subjected to an electric field E, each electron experiences a force F=-eE, and free electron acquires an acceleration 222-8 oli) mom where, m= mass of electron, ¢ = electronic charge and E= electric field. Free electron starts accelerating and gains velocity and collide with atoms and molecules of the conductor. The average time difference between two consecutive collisions is known as relaxation time of electron and Ut htutty ao fi) n where, ty, t, . T) ate the average time difference between Ist, 2nd, ..., nth collisions. L Vy Vay ony Vqr ae velocities gained by electron in Ist, 2nd ..., nth collisions with initial thermal velocities uy, Wy, Upy respectively. i vy=u tat, v= Wt at bath The drift speed vy may be defined as Vy t Vo tent V, +u, “a n n vy =O+at ¢: Average thermal velocity in n collisions = 0) vy=- (25) 1 (from Eq. (i)) This is the required expression of drift speed of free electrons. Jatt .+,) ‘30.Two metallic wires of the same material have the same length but cross-sectional area is in the ratio 1: 2. They are connected (Vin eating and hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 26Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law siareatt Ans. In series, current is same, I = neA, vee nea > vg et A Ya 2 Ar 22 Va, Ard In parallel, voltage is same. As, vga eta Me vyort m mi 7 Y4 2h 2! va 4 1 31.Derive an expression for the resistivity of a good conductor, in terms of the relaxation time of electrons. [All India 2008] Ans. hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!siareatt Impartart Queso fr CBSE Cass 12 Physi Resistane an Oks Law When a potential difference Vis applied across T length of a conductor then drift speed of electron is given by eft_eVt wy (: e=X) 7 (ala) oom Im Also, the electric current through the conductor and drift speed are linked as T=neAvg ii) (1/2) where, n= number density of electrons e = electronic charge A = cross-sectional area of conductor Vg = drift speed of electron T=neA (<4) im {substituting the value of vy) Vv ml = = iii) I neta Also, at constant temperature v i = wfiv) rT (from Ohm's law) = r-(4.\e ne*t) A i (from Eqs. (iii) and (iv)) But R=p— p A where, p is specific resistance or resistivity of conductor. m =— wlv) t ne*t @) Thus, resistivity of material of conductor is inversely proportional to relaxation time (2) 3 Marks Questions hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 32. (a) Define the term ‘drift velocity’ of charge carriers in a conductor. Obtain the expression for the current density in terms of relaxation time. (b) A 100V battery is connected to the electric network is shown in the figure. If the power consumed in the 2 Q resistor is 200 W, determine the power dissipated in the 5 Q resistor. [Foreign 2014] 30. 59 6Q 40.2 22 —l| 100V Ans.(i) The term drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor is defined as the average velocity acquired by the free electrons along the length of a metallic conductor under a potential difference applied across the conductor.Its relationship is expressed as ve oe neA where, | is current flowing through the conductoryn is concentration of free electrons eis electron i.e.charge Ais cross-sectional area Let original cross-sectional area and length of 15 Q resistance are A and / after stretching they become A’ and I’, respectively. I A .. In case of stretching, volume of the wire remains same, so Al=A'l’ ol) Initial resistance, R= pa = 15 hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! anssomo Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law a aaed fii) 2 . Resistance after stretching v 21 A Ri=pse=p|s<| al p2 on o( Zs) (P i) R’=4x15 (from Eq. (i) Now resistance, R’ = 60 Q (2/2) After dividing into two parts, resistance of each part =30Q -. Effective resistance after connecting them into parallel combination Ry = 22-150 «v/2) *: Applied potential difference, V=3V Current drawn from the battery, I = ¥ ie Ohm’s law) = I 2 = I=iA w (ii) Total current, I = E- 200 _10A 302 52 A ga yo 400 i 20 7 {If Resistance across AB = (5 +t)as 30 6 Rag =102=R, Potential difference across AB = potential difference across CD hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law = TR, = TR, > 18, - LR 101, - 401, =0 I,-4I,=0 A) . I,+I,=I 3 1,+1,=10 i) From Eq. (i) i - h=4 (iii) Put the value of I, from Eq. (iii) to Eq. (ii), we get 1+f210 3 1-8 4 Power dissipated in 5 Q resistor =5 x [(current through 5 Q resistor)7] =5x (6)? P=320W 33.Define relaxation time of the free electrons drifting in a conductor. How it is related to the drift velocity of free electrons? Use this relation to deduce the expression for the electrical resistivity of the material,[All India 2012] Ans. Relaxation Time The average time difference between two successive collisions of drifting electrons inside the conductor under the influence of electric field applied across the conductor, is known as relaxation time. (1) Drift speed and relaxation time y= SEE (a2) m where, E= electric field due to applied potentiat difference t= relaxation time m = mass of electron e =electronic charge Electron current, I =~ne Avg (12) r=-nea(~E) m ary Is ne?At ( ‘) hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro 34. Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law (i) Derive the relation between current density j and potential difference V across a current carrying conductor of length /, area of cross-section A and the number density n of free electrons. (ii) Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 1.0 x 10°? m carrying a current of 1.5 A. [Assume that the number density of conduction electrons is 9 x 1078 m~*], [Delhi 2012.¢] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! amas‘oro Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law (i) The current in the conductor having length 1, cross-sectional area A and number density nis T=neAvg i) Electric field inside the wire is given by v pa¥ «il . 7 " If relaxation time is +, the drift speed y, al om @ where, m= mass of electron t= relaxation charge e= electronic charge E= electric field. Put the value of Eq. (i), we get => = 22 ag ii) m From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get ne*tAV I _ne’tV ajJa—s ml A ml (yy (i) Given, I =1.5 A,n=9 x10 m3, A=1.0x107 m? yen neA _ 1. © 9108 x 1.6 x10"? x 1.0 x10” = Vy =1.04x 107 mis 2) Is Va hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!oro Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 35. A network of resistors is connected to a 16 V battery of internal resistance of 1Q as shown in the figure. () Compute the equivalent resistance of the network. (i) Obtain the voltage drops Vag and Vep. [Foreign 2010] hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!area portant Custos fr CBSE Clas 12 Physics Resistance an Ohm's Law To calculate the equivalent resistance of complex network (network having multiple branches), calculate the equivalent resistance of smaller part of network and finaly calculate the equivalent resistance of the network. (i) ++ 4.Q and 4 Q are in parallel combination. = ; 11 ~. Equivalent resistance, Rag = ata 4 1 2 —— == > Ryg = 22 Rye 4 Similarly, equivalent resistance of 12Q and 6 Qis 1 1 1 1 142 SS ae a ae 2 Ryo ('120=«6 Ryo «12 => Roc = 4.2. Now, the circuit can be redrawn as shown in figure below 20 19 4Q Now, 2Q, 1Q and 4, 1Q are in series combination. .. Equivalent resistance of the network Reg = 224104 4041N=8.Q @ (i) +. Current drawn from the battery, V_16 This current will flow from A to B and C to D. So, the potential difference in between AB and CD can be calculated as Now, Vap = IRag = 2X2=4V @ and Vep =I Rip =2X2=8V @ 3 hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!vero Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 36. Calculate the steady current through the 2. resistor in the circuit shown in the figure. [HOTS; Foreign 2010] 202 of 8 ww 32 It WWW 2 uF 4a E Ws 6v 2.80 To calculate the current through a particular resistance first we have to find the potential » across that resistance. In DC circuit, capacitor offers infinite resistance. Therefore, no current flows through capacitor and through 4Q resistance, so resistance will produce no effect. «. Effective resistance between A and B 2x3 == =129 “8243 4 re) wy Ry R,+Ry Total resistance of the circuit =1.2 + 2.8=4Q (. These two are in series) Net current drawn from the cell, ~ R (total resistance) =oa3ni5, 4 2 (1/2) <. Potential difference between A and B Vag = [Rag = 1.5 1.2 hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam! 316‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 37. Three resistors Rj, Rz and Rg are connected in parallel, across a source of emf E and negligible internal resistance. Obtain a formula for the equivalent expressions for the current through each of the three resistors. [All India 2009 c] Ans. Let the equivalent resistance of parallel combination of R,, Rp and R; is R. 11 RR, de R Ra RRR (13) RR2+RRz+RR, 2 Effective current, 1-6 E ~ RR Ry RiR2+ RR, + RR, (RRo + RoRy + RR) (1 ‘) RRR, 2 38.Prove that the current density of a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the drift speed of electrons.[Delhi 2008] Ans. Since, the relationship between electric current density (j) and drift velocity (vg) is given by janevy vi) Q) where, n= number of free electrons per unit volume, e = charge on each electron For detailed proof, refer ans 31. For a given conductor ne is constant. peevg (2) hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!‘oro Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law 39. (i) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the given electrical network between points Aand B. c, oO & Rr (i) Also, calculate the current through CD and ACE, if a 10 V DC source is connected between A and Band the value of Ris assumed as 2.2. [allindia 2008), Ans. (i) The circuit can be redrawn as shown in figure below jov @ As combination is balanced Wheatstone bridge. Equivalent resistance between the points AandB _2Rx2R “4 2R+2R (a) (i) WR=2Q, thenR,,=2Q There is no current through resistor across cD. Current through arm AFCEB = Ms = 10 Los, * a) Filed Under: CBSE ‘Tagged With: CBSE Class 12, Class 12 Physics, Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law hitplwwu learnchse.inimportart.questions-fr-class-12-physics-esistance-and-ohms-lam!vero Innpertant Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics Resistance and Ohm's Law we've just launched Proce our Android App! Google pla . 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