Urinary Stones

MCQS
1. With regards to urinary stones disease the following are true?
A. More common in female than male
B. Stones in childhood account for 20%
C. Lifetime risk is 40%
D. Uric acid stone are radiolucent
E. The most common urinary stones citrate
2. Which of the following urinary stones are radiopaque?
A. Oxalate stone
B. Triples phosphate stones
C. Calcium stones
D. Uric acid stones
E. Citrate stones
3. With regards to urinary stones and urinary anatomy, the following are true?
A. The probability of the stone passing in the ureter of size < 4mm is 80%
B. A stone size of 4-6mm has over 50% chance of passing in the ureter
C. A stone in the lower third ureter has less than 71% chance of passing
D. Pelviureteric junction is located between the ureter and the urinary bladder
E. One of the commonest sites for stone impaction in the ureter is the bifurcation of
the common iliac artery.
4. With regards to the medical treatment of stone disease?
A. Non steroid ant inflammatory example Ibuprofen is indicated
B. Alpha blockers are a form of treatment
C. Analgesia plays no role in its treatment
D. Calcium channel blockers are a form of treatment
E. Is also refers to us Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET)

5. Complications of Urinary stones disease?

A. Prerenal failure
B. Post renal failure
C. Acute urinary tract retention
D. Hematuria
E. Recurrent urinary tract infections
Write five differentials for a radiolucent shadow on IVU in the region of the left
pelvis?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Mention five risk factors for urinary stones;
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V

Scenarios
A 62 year old Man presents to UTH Casualty with left flank pain that developed
while he was working outside on a hot day in October, 2016. What are the 3
differential diagnosis?
I.
II.
III.

A 12 year old boy presents to UTH Casualty in retention secondary to impacted

urinary bladder stone. What is the immediate management?

A 20 year old girl presents to UTH with left renal stone. Mention 3 investigations to
confirm the diagnosis?
I.
II.
III.