Rentar Catalyst

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such
as natural gas, gasoline, petrol, biodiesel blends,diesel fuel, fuel oil, or coal. According
to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue
gas stack, or propelling nozzle. It often disperses downwind in a pattern called an exhaust
plume.
Motor vehicle emissions contribute to air pollution and are a major ingredient in the
creation of smog in some large cities. A 2013 study by MIT indicates that 53,000 early
deaths occur per year in the United States alone because of vehicle emissions. According
to another study from the same university, traffic fumes alone cause the death of 5,000
people every year just in the United Kingdom.
Air pollution can be defined as an addition to our atmosphere of any material which will
have a deleterious effect on life upon our planet. Basically it will have a deleterious effect
on life in our planet. Besides IC engines other sources engines other sources such as
electric power stations, industrial and domestic fuel consumers also add pollution.
Figure 1 Air Pollution
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere
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Chapter 2
RENTAR FUEL CATALYST

Rentar Fuel Catalyst is manufactured by Rentar Environmental Solutions, Inc. USAthe World leader in pre-combustion fuel technology. Rentar technology enjoys twenty
eight patents globally. Rentar Fuel Catalyst helps in reducing fuel consumption &
greenhouse gas emissions which are believed to cause climate change and global
warming Rentar Fuel Catalyst has no moving parts, no hazardous material and is not a
magnet. Rentar requires no maintenance, extends time between oil changes, reduces
engine maintenance and extends engine life. Laboratories of international repute like
EPA, CARB & ARAI have verified reduced fuel consumption as well as reductions in
CO , NO2 , CO2, SO , particulate matter, soot and opacity.
Figure 2 Rentar
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2.1 How rentar works

When fuel passes through the patented combination of metallic and rare earth
elements of Rentar, it leads to separation of the clustered fuel molecules, facilitating
greater exposure to oxygen at the point of combustion. This increased exposure of fuel
molecules to oxygen leads to clean and complete combustion of the fuel which in turn
reduces emissions. Rentar Fuel Catalyst simply pre-conditions the fuel to accept more
oxygen at the point of combustion and has no effect at all on the fuel line, fuel injection
system or any component of the engine. The Rentar Fuel Catalyst does not affect
lubricity, fuel pressure and is not affected by quality of fuel.
Figure 2.1(a) Working of Rentar
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Passing fossil fuel over the patented combination of rare earth and metallic elements
contained within the Rentar Fuel Catalyst causes several parallel reactions to occur which
modify the fuel molecules producing a more complete burn in the combustion chamber.
Figure 2.1(b) Comparision of with and without Fuel Catalyst
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The reactions promote polarization of molecules, flow turbulence and changes in the ratio
of single bonded unsaturated straight-chain aliphatics to double bonded non-saturated ring
compound aromatics which in turn releases a small quantity of hydrogen gas contained
within the fuel molecules.
The above reaction creates a fuel with an increased Cetane Number. This results in
shorter ignition delays which provides more time for the fuel combustion process to be
completed. Thus the combustion process is more complete and efficient. Flow turbulence
and polarization of the fuel molecules results in lower fuel vapor density which allows
oxygen and the newly released hydrogen greater access to the fuel droplets at the point of
combustion.
The process described above allows the potential energy of the fuel to be converted to
more useful mechanical energy which in turn, creates a more complete and cooler burn,
reduced emissions, reduced fuel consumption and increased horsepower / torque.
2.2 Rare earth elements

Cerium (Ce)
Dysprosium (Dy)
Terbium
(Er)
Europium (Eu)
Gadolinium (Gd)
Holmium (Ho)
Lanthanum (La)
Lutetium (Lu)
Neodymium (Nd)
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Chapter 3
MECHANISMS OF THE RENTAR FUEL CATALYST
The Rentar Fuel Catalyst is an in-line pre-combustion heterogeneous or contact
catalyst that conditions diesel fuel through a series of complementary processes.Within
the interior of the Rentar Fuel Catalyst is a series of screens through which the fuel must
pass; these cause the fuel to flow through a tortuous and circuitous path over the large
surface area of the Rentars internal catalyst matrices. Passing over the catalyst matrices,
fuel molecules form a classical activated chemical complex with a lowered activation
energy such that more fuel molecules can react, as in Equation 1. This is catalytic action
in the classical sense.
A+B
{AB*}
C+D
Eq. 1
Reactants Activated Complex Products

The catalyst causes a change in the proportion of aliphatic to aromatics (i.e., saturated
straight-chain to unsaturated ring compounds) with the release of hydrogen gas, as
exhibited in the Hexane reaction shown in Equation 2. The hydrogen generated aids the
combustion process . Hexane benzene hydrogen
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
(single bond)
C6H6 + 4 H2
Eq. 2
(double bond)
A fuel mixture with additional aromatics would normally lead to a higher fuel vapor
density. Such fuel, upon reaching the engines combustion chamber, would have a less
efficient burn, as demonstrated by the production of more unburned emissions. However,
the Rentar Fuel Catalyst interacts with the aromatic-rich fuel to actually produce a
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hydrocarbon mixture with a lower fuel vapor density, which leads to fuel that burns more
efficiently, as demonstrated by the reduction of hydrocarbon emissions.
First, the fuel experiences a turbulent flow through the tortuous and circuitous
pathway within the Rentar Fuel Catalyst, which physically lowers the fuel vapor density.
Second, the trace amounts of moisture that normally exist within diesel fuel help to create
a galvanic effect between the metals and the wire mesh within the Rentar Fuel Catalyst.
This galvanic effect in turn gives rise to an EMF, or electromotive force, which has been
measured in the laboratory.
The generation of an EMF, applied to the fuel, causes the electrons in the Fuel to
shift, which in turn causes the molecules themselves to become polarized. The polarized
molecules repel each other, in a similar manner as two magnets with polarized ends
would repel each other and separate from one another. This repulsion leads to a mixture
of fuel with a lower fuel vapor density.
The EMF impact on causing a lower fuel vapor density is greater than the impact from
turbulent flow that the fuel is subjected to.
The lower fuel vapor density provides for better exposure to air within the
combustion chamber, which leads to a more efficient combustion process as shown by
less gaseous hydrocarbon emissions and less soot formation. The addition of hydrogen,
with a flame speed that is faster than that of fuel, further improves the combustion
process. The addition of hydrogen leads to yet another unique benefit. Hydrogen burns at
cooler temperatures than fuel, which means that the overall combustion process now
occurs at a slightly lower temperature which leads to less generation of NOx (NOx
production increases when combustion temperatures increase and vice versa). Normally,
when there is more complete and efficient combustion, temperatures are raised and one
will therefore observe lower hydrocarbon emissions with the undesirable side effect of
greater NOx emissions.
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Chapter 4
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS AND INSTALLATION

4.1 Specifications
4.1.1 Size
Available in 3.5, 6, and 7 cms in Diameter and in Lengths of 15 to 45 Cms.
4.1.2 Weight
1 to 3 Kgs
4.1.3 Fittings
The JIC 10 is available with the other end as a JIC 10, JIC 8, JIC 6 fitting. A wide variety
of fittings and adaptors are available worldwide.
4.1.4 Pressure testing

The Fuel Catalyst is pressure tested to maintain an internal pressure of up to 350 PSI.
4.1.5 Flow:
There is no flow restriction. Each unit is tested to flow 1136 to 1700 liters through it at 55
PSI. The unit orifice should always be equal to or greater than the existing fuel line.
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4.2 Installation
Figure 4.2 Rentar Installation
4.3 System effectiveness

4.3.1 Proven and time tested technology
Military recognised laboratories have verified reduced fuel consumption, as well as
reductions in CO2, NOx, CO, SO2, Particulate Matter, Soot and Opacity.
4.3.2 Cost Effectiveness

Return on Investment: The Rentar technology pays for it self . Easy to install, comes with
3 year warranty and a service life of 10 years. Rentar requires no maintenance, extends
time between oil changes, reduces engines maintenance and extends engine life.
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4.3.3 Greener Solution

Exhaust pollution is unburned fuel being blown out of the exhaust. It is wasted fuel. The
Rentar Fuel Catalyst separates clustered fuel molecules giving oxygen the ability to cover
more surface area of the fuel molecules at the point of combustion, resulting in more
efficient conversion of fuel into useful mechanical energy.
Bar Graph 4.3.3
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4.4 Independently verified by third party laboratories
Chesapeake Bay Foundation Esso
ExxonMobil Laboratories
ESDC Locomotive Laboratory
Italian Ministry of Defense
Southwest Research Institute
Toyota Motor Company
U.S.Army Aberdeen Test Center
U.S. Navy faculties Engineering Service Center
U.S.Marlne Corp
Venezuela's Ministry of the Environment
Virginia Tech University
Olson-Ecologic Testing Laboratories
Emission Testing Services
Milbrook Proving Ground
Page11
Chapter 5
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION

5.1 Advantages
Reduce Fuel Consumption And Extend Range 2% To 12%
Reduce Oil Fired Furnace Fuel Consumption 7% To 30%
Reduce Greenhouse Gases Up To 19.2%
Reduce Particulate Matter Up To 20%
Reduce Black Smoke Up To 44.8%
Reduce Organic And Elemental Carbon Up To 35%
Recover Initial Investment via savings within 10-24 Months
Reduces the Engine maintenance costs
Extends the life of Equipment.
5.2 Limitation
Used in Diesel Engine only
It can be fixed horizontally
Service life is less
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CONCLUSION
Burning more of the fuel means less of it will be released into the atmosphere in the
form of particulate matter or black smoke.
It is most effective on older units with mechanical fuel injector, which burn fuel less
efficiently than electronic injectors.
Rentar says the average engine crankcase collects 30% of the exhaust from the
combustion chamber, contaminating the engine oil. But by improving combustion
with the fuel catalyst, less soot is generated to contaminate the oil.
The catalyst helps diesel fuel systems burn diesel more efficiently, decreasing
consumption and emissions
The lower fuel vapor density allows for more efficient combustion because oxygen is
better able to surround the fuel droplets, which is further aided by the hydrogen
release.
Page13
REFERENCES
C. H. Bartholomew, Robert J. Farrauto, book name Fundamentals of Industrial

Catalytic Processes, Jons wiley and sons,INC, publications, published in the year
1941.
Dr. Robert E. Yelin ,published in an Environmental services group for Honeywell

corporation , published in the year 1942.
Journal of scientific and industrial research ,volume 61,publisher Council of

scientific and industrial research, published in the year 2002
Journal of Karunakaran, Naren & quot;Hasty introduction of Euro VI fuelnorms

triggers a slugfest between automakers, oil companies. The EconomicTimes / The
Times of India. Published in the year 3 July 2016.
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ABSTRACT
Before we dig deep into the causes of greenhouse effect, it is important for us to
know what is greenhouse effect. You must have heard of greenhouse effect during any
debate on global warming. The light that we get from the sun helps to keep this planet
warm. Of the 100% light that sun sends to earth, almost 30% sunlight is reflected back
into the space by clouds, ice, snow, sand and other reflective surfaces, according
to NASA. Only about 70% of the sunlight is absorbed by the oceans, the land and the
atmosphere. The sunlight that falls on the Earths surface is used for different
purposes. It can be used to 1produce solar energy, drying clothes, or by plants in the
process of photosynthesis.
The Earths surface warms up during the day and cools down at night, releasing the
heat in the form of infrared radiation IR out of the atmosphere into space. But before
all these infrared radiation can escape out of the atmosphere into the space, they are
absorbed by greenhouse gases (GHGs) present in the atmosphere. The absorption of
these radiations by greenhouse gases makes it possible to keep this planet warm for
humans. Without Greenhouse effect, the temperature of this planet would be lesser by
30 degree Celsius and this would be too cold for us to survive.
The major greenhouse gases (GHGs) solely responsible for greenhouse effect are
Carbon dioxide, Ozone, Methane and Water vapor. Although these gases comprise 1%
of our atmosphere, they act like a thick warm blanket outside that surrounds this planet
and regulate climate control. Greenhouse effect is not bad. In fact, it is needed for all
of us to survive on planet Earth. In short, the greenhouse effect is nothing but a
naturally occurring process designed by nature that aids in heating earths surface and
helps to maintain ecological balance.
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The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

Figure 1 Air Pollution

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

RENTAR FUEL CATALYST

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

2.1 How rentar works

Figure 2.1(a) Working of Rentar

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

Figure 2.1(b) Comparision of with and without Fuel Catalyst

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

2.2 Rare earth elements

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

Reactants Activated Complex Products

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS AND INSTALLATION

4.1.4 Pressure testing

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

Figure 4.2 Rentar Installation

4.3 System effectiveness

4.3.2 Cost Effectiveness

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

4.3.3 Greener Solution

Bar Graph 4.3.3

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

4.4 Independently verified by third party laboratories

Chesapeake Bay Foundation Esso

ESDC Locomotive Laboratory

Italian Ministry of Defense

Southwest Research Institute

Toyota Motor Company

U.S.Army Aberdeen Test Center

U.S. Navy faculties Engineering Service Center

Venezuela's Ministry of the Environment

Virginia Tech University

Olson-Ecologic Testing Laboratories

Emission Testing Services

Milbrook Proving Ground

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere

The Fuel Saving and Eco-Friendly Rentar Fuel Catalyst

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION

Reduce Fuel Consumption And Extend Range 2% To 12%

Reduce Oil Fired Furnace Fuel Consumption 7% To 30%

Reduce Greenhouse Gases Up To 19.2%

Reduce Particulate Matter Up To 20%

Reduce Black Smoke Up To 44.8%

Reduce Organic And Elemental Carbon Up To 35%

Recover Initial Investment via savings within 10-24 Months

Reduces the Engine maintenance costs

Extends the life of Equipment.

Used in Diesel Engine only

It can be fixed horizontally

Service life is less

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, JIT, Davangere