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electrical-engineering-portal.com/substation-main-functions-and-classication
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30 March 2012
Primary distribution - Alstom 145kV Gas-insulated switchgear - GIS (F35) at the Shuqaiq HV substation in Saudi Arabia
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Types of substation
Classication
The substations can be classied in several ways including the following:
Mining Substation Needs special design consideration because of extra precaution for safety needed in the
operation of electric supply.
Mobile Substation Temporary requirement.
Important Notes:
Primary Substations receive power from EHV lines at 400KV, 220KV, 132KV and transform the voltage to 66KV,
33KV or 22KV (22KV is uncommon) to suit the local requirements in respect of both load and distance of ultimate
consumers. These are also referred to EHV Substations.
Secondary Substations receive power at 66/33KV which is stepped down usually to 11KV.
Distribution Substations receive power at 11KV, 6.6 KV and step down to a volt suitable for LV distribution
purposes, normally at 415 volts.
1 Outdoor Switchyard
Incoming Lines
Outgoing Lines
Busbar
Transformers
Bus post insulator & string insulators
Substation Equipment such as circuit-beakers, isolators, earthing switches, surge arresters, CTs, VTs,
neutral grounding equipment.
Station Earthing system comprising ground mat, risers, auxiliary mat, earthing strips, earthing spikes & earth
electrodes.
Overhead earthwire shielding against lightening strokes.
Galvanised steel structures for towers, gantries, equipment supports.
PLCC equipment including line trap, tuning unit, coupling capacitor, etc.
Power cables
Control cables for protection and control
Roads, Railway track, cable trenches
Station illumination system
Secondary Distribution
Distribution Substation
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