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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladin
Palladin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
PALLD
Available structures
PDB
Aliases (https://en.wikipedia.org
PALLD (http://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/gene_symbol_report?hgnc_id=17068),
/wiki/Human_Genome_Organisation) CGI-151, CGI151, MYN, PNCA1, SIH002, palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein
External IDs
Molecular function
Cellular component
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cytoplasm (http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005737)
cytosol (http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005829)
Biological process
Human
Mouse
23022 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&
cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&
list_uids=23022&rn=1)
72333 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&
cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&
list_uids=72333&rn=1)
ENSG00000129116
(http://www.ensembl.org
/Homo_sapiens
/geneview?gene=ENSG00000129116;
db=core)
ENSMUSG00000058056
(http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus
/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000058056;
db=core)
Q8WX93 (http://www.uniprot.org
/uniprot/Q8WX93)
Q9ET54 (http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot
/Q9ET54)
NM_001166108
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001166108)
NM_001166109
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001166109)
NM_001166110
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001166110)
NM_016081
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_016081)
NM_001081390
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001081390)
NM_001293772
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001293772)
NM_001293773
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001293773)
NM_001293774
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001293774)
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)
RefSeq (protein)
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NP_001159580
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001159580)
NP_001159581
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001159581)
NP_001159582
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001159582)
NP_057165
NP_001074859.1
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001074859.1)
NP_001280701.1
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001280701.1)
NP_001280703.1
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001280703.1)
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(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_057165)
NP_001074859
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001074859)
NP_001280701
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001280701)
NP_001280702
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001280702)
NP_001280703
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez
/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001280703)
Location (UCSC)
/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&
/hgTracks?org=Human&db=mm0&
position=chr4:168497066-168928457) position=chr8:61511433-61902690)
PubMed search
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[1]
[2]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human
View/Edit Mouse
Palladin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PALLD gene.[3][4][5][6] Palladin is a component of
actin-containing microfilaments that control cell shape, adhesion, and contraction.[6]
Contents
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7
8
Discovery
Isoforms
Function
Disease linkage
Interactions
References
Further reading
External links
Discovery
Palladin was characterised independently by two research groups, first in the lab of Carol Otey (in 2000) [4]
and then in the lab of Olli Carpn (in 2001).[7] It is a part of the myotilin-myopalladin-palladin family and
may play an important role in modulating the actin cytoskeleton.[8] Palladin, in contrast to myotilin and
myopalladin, which are expressed only in striated muscle, is expressed ubiquitously in cells of mesenchymal
origin.
Palladin was named after the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio, reflecting its localization to
architectural elements of the cell.[4]
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Isoforms
In humans, it appears that seven different isoforms exist, some of which arise through alternative splicing.[9]
In mice, three major isoforms of palladin arise from a single gene. These isoforms contain between three and
five copies (depending on the isoform) of an Ig-like domain and between one and two copies of a
polyproline domain.[4]
Function
Palladin's precise biological role is poorly understood, but it has been shown to play a role in cytoskeletal
organization, embryonic development, cell motility, scar formation in the skin, and nerve cell
development.[8]
Disease linkage
Recently, it has been demonstrated that palladin RNA is overexpressed in patients with pancreatic neoplasia,
and that palladin is both overexpressed and mutated in an inherited form of pancreatic cancer.[10] The
palladin mutation identified in familial pancreatic cancer may be unique to a single North American family,
as this same mutation has not been found in any other European or North American populations,
respectively, in two other genetic studies.[11][12]
Further, Salaria et al. have shown that palladin is overexpressed in the non-neoplastic stroma of pancreatic
cancer, but only rarely in the cancer cells per se,[13] suggesting that palladin's role in this disease may
involve changes in the tumor microenvironmment. More research is clearly required before this protein and
its role in neoplasia can be fully understood.
Disease-causing mutations have also been identified in the two other members of this gene family. Myotilin
mutations cause a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, and mutations in myopalladin cause an inherited
form of heart disease (dilated cardiomyopathy).
Interactions
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References
1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
3. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R,
Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H,
Nomura N, Ohara O (Jul 1999). "Prediction of the
coding sequences of unidentified human genes.
XIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA
clones from brain which code for large proteins in
vitro". DNA Res. 6 (1): 6370. doi:10.1093/dnares
/6.1.63. PMID 10231032.
4. Parast MM, Otey CA (Sep 2000). "Characterization
of Palladin, a Novel Protein Localized to Stress
Fibers and Cell Adhesions". J Cell Biol. 150 (3):
64356. doi:10.1083/jcb.150.3.643. PMC 2175193
. PMID 10931874.
5. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber
J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bcher M, Blcker H,
Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dsterhft A,
Beyer A, Khrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW,
Ottenwlder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D,
Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A (2001).
"Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins:
Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete
Protein Coding Human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11
(3): 42235. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R.
PMC 311072 . PMID 11230166.
6. "Entrez Gene: PALLD palladin, cytoskeletal
associated protein".
7. Mykknen OM, Grnholm M, Rnty M, Lalowski
M, Salmikangas P, Suila H, Carpn O (2001).
"Characterization of Human Palladin, a
Microfilament-associated Protein". Mol. Biol. Cell.
12 (10): 306073. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.10.3060.
PMC 60155 . PMID 11598191.
8. Otey CA, Rachlin A, Moza M, Arneman D, Carpen
O (2005). "The palladin/myotilin/myopalladin
family of actin-associated scaffolds". Int. Rev.
Cytol. 246: 3158.
doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(05)46002-7.
PMID 16164966.
Further reading
King CM, Olive CW, Cardona RA (1975).
"Activation of carcinogenic arylhydroxamic acids
by human tissues". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 55 (2):
2857. doi:10.1093/jnci/55.2.285. PMID 1159819.
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External links
palladin protein, human (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?mode=&
term=palladin+protein,+human) at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings
(MeSH)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palladin&oldid=722400443"
Categories: Genes on human chromosome 4
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