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Grammar Enrichment
Grade 10
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
ISBN 0-07-823335-6
Grammar Enrichment
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 079 05 04 03 02 01
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Contents
Unit 12 Phrases
12.1 Prepositional Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12.2 Appositives and Appositive Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.3 Participles and Participial Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
12.3 Gerunds and Gerund Phrases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
12.3 Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
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Contents
Unit 20 Capitalization
20.1 Capitalization of Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
20.23 Capitalizing Proper Nouns and Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
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Grammar Enrichment
Name ...................................................................................... Class .................................................. Date ................................
10.1 Nouns
A. Identifying Nouns
List each noun in the following sentences. For each noun you list, write all of the following
terms that apply: concrete, abstract, singular, plural, possessive, proper, common, collective.
1. Agatha Christie was a famous mystery writer.
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2. Her two most popular detectives are Hercule Poirot and Jane Marple.
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3. In Murder on the Orient Express, a group of people commit the crime.
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4. The suspense in Christies novels often depends upon her clever plots.
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B. Using Nouns
Write a sentence that includes each kind of noun listed. You may use the nouns in any order
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
you wish.
1. possessive, concrete, abstract _______________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
2. singular, plural, proper, collective ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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3. common, proper, plural, abstract ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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4. collective, concrete, singular, possessive ______________________________________________
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10.2 Pronouns
A. Using and Identifying Pronouns
Complete each sentence with an appropriate pronoun. In the blank following the sentence,
identify the pronoun you used as personal, possessive, reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, inter-
rogative, relative, or indefinite.
1. The only thing we have to fear is fear __________________. __________________
2. __________________ of Steven Spielbergs movies do you like best? __________________
3. Harry cut __________________ while he was shaving. __________________
4. Is __________________ Dr. Sakamotos office? __________________
5. Juanita completed her report, __________________ was about animal rights, in less than
a week. __________________
6. Sally and Ken asked me to go with __________________ to the party.
__________________
7. All applicants for the job must provide __________________ own transportation.
__________________
8. I really like those deviled eggs. May I have __________________? __________________
9. __________________ will volunteer to head the committee? __________________
10. Students __________________ wish to participate in extracurricular sports must have
a physical examination. __________________
Write three original sentences using helping verbs other than a form of be as part of
a verb phrase.
10.4 Adjectives
A. Identifying Adjectives
List each adjective in the following sentences. After each adjective you list, write in parentheses
the word it modifies. Do not include articles.
1. Terri was the youngest and tallest student in her class.
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2. How proud I am of your performance!
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3. Many exotic plants were scattered about the hotels lobby.
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4. The unruly audience was struck speechless by the mayors sudden announcement.
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5. A dozen taxis, yellow, green, and red, waited outside the Japanese embassy.
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B. Using Adjectives
Write six brief sentences of your own. In each sentence use the kind of adjective named in
parentheses. Circle that adjective.
1. (possessive pronoun)_____________________________________________________________
2. (possessive noun) _______________________________________________________________
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3. (proper) _______________________________________________________________________
4. (superlative degree) ______________________________________________________________
5. (positive degree) ________________________________________________________________
6. (comparative degree)_____________________________________________________________
C. Understanding Adjectives
Explain why possessive nouns and pronouns may also be thought of as adjectives. If you were
writing a grammar book, how would you classify these words? Why?
10.5 Adverbs
A. Identifying Adverbs
Adverbs can express time, place, degree, manner, and negativity. List each adverb in the follow-
ing sentences. After each adverb you list, write the word or phrase it modifies. Tell whether the
word modified is a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. Then write time, place, degree, manner, or
negativity to indicate what idea the adverb expresses.
1. Sally Hightower exercises more strenuously than anyone else I know.
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2. Ten degrees below zero is too cold for me.
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3. I will apply for that job tomorrow.
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4. Ralph cannot find his keys anywhere.
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5. We hardly ever watch television.
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6. The weather was very hot today.
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7. Shirley Tsai plays the piano amazingly well for her age.
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8. Arent the prom decorations just fabulous?
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(only) _____________________________________________________________________________
10.6 Prepositions
A. Identifying Prepositions
Circle each word below that may be used as a preposition. Draw a line through each word that
may not be used as a preposition.
for in nothing of
with cannot along some
never on will do
down sometimes up off
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C. Using Prepositions
Some grammarians feel that no sentence should end with a preposition. Others believe that
ending a sentence with a preposition is acceptable if the alternatives would sound awkward or
unnatural. Rewrite each sentence below so that it does not end with a preposition. Which ver-
sion of each sentence do you prefer? Why?
1. What country was Columbus born in?
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2. What are you staring at?
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3. Whom were you talking to?
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4. Ending a sentence with a preposition is something I will not put up with.
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10.78
B. Using Conjunctions
Write a paragraph of three or more sentences about the car of your dreams. Use at least three
different kinds of conjunctions.
C. Using Interjections
Recreate a conversation between two enthusiastic teens discussing a recent concert or play.
Write their dialogue here. Use at least four interjections. Use the back of your paper if you
need more space.
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10. Fluffy thought the catnip mouse an amusing diversion.
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your sentences. Then rewrite the description using prepositional phrases. Which sentences
were most descriptive?
B. Using Gerunds
Write sentences using gerunds in the manner requested below. You may expand the gerunds
into phrases by adding complements and modifiers.
B. Using Infinitives
Write sentences using infinitives in the manner requested below. You may expand the infini-
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
______________________________________________________________________________
7. The DAntonios are our new neighbors. (who)
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8. The two rivers meet. (where)
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10. Computer virus dead on arrival
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Use each of the following verbs in a sentence that contains one other verb. Make sure that the
two verbs are compatible.
1. (will have attended) ______________________________________________________________
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2. (had eaten)_____________________________________________________________________
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3. (is working) ____________________________________________________________________
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4. (laughed) ______________________________________________________________________
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5. (have been singing)_______________________________________________________________
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6. (had been enchanted) _____________________________________________________________
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10. Sports llustrated are my favorite magazine.
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______________________________________________________________________________
7. The audience cheered the dancers, Michael and her.
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8. The physicians, Dr. Paladino and him, each offered the same diagnosis.
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9. For them and the Robertsons, the day at the amusement park was much fun.
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10. The loudest students at pep rallies are us sophomores.
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2. Any employee who misses three consecutive days of work will have his vacation
reduced.
3. An employee who does not report to work on the day before or after a holiday will
not receive his holiday pay.
4. Any employee responsible for child care may not allow their children to come to
the store after school.
5. Everyone who works for Video Village is expected to do his fair share.
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2. I felt iller when I got up this morning, and now I feel worst.
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3. Who do you think is most likely to be elected class president, Roseanne or Tom?
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4. Alvin performed bad at the recital, but Theodores performance was the baddest.
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5. Dan and Dianna slept late, but their daughter Laura slept even more late.
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18.35 Comparisons
A. Avoiding Double Comparisons
In each of the following sentences, circle the word or phrase in parentheses that correctly
completes the sentence.
1. Sheila plays table tennis (better/more better/best) than anyone else I know.
2. Who is the (most fastest/fastest/more faster) runner on the track team?
3. There is nothing (more lovelier/loveliest/lovelier) than a beautiful sunset.
4. Which do you think make the (better/best/most best) pets: dogs, cats, or birds?
5. Trees was a (more broader/broader/broaderest) topic for a short paper than
The Mighty Oak.
Explain the meaning of each of the following sentences containing the word only.
1. Only Sam has a bachelors degree in psychology.
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2. Sam has only a bachelors degree in psychology.
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3. Sam has a bachelors degree only in psychology.
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4. Only Mary noticed the approaching thunderstorm.
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5. Mary noticed only the approaching thunderstorm.
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10. Famous people who have influenced the way I think include the following __________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________________________________
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5. ______________________________________________________________________________
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7. He lived in that cabin for more than two years, it was only a mile from his family in
Concord.
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8. Thoreau also resisted what he thought, were unfair forms of taxation, and took an active
interest in abolition.
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9. He contracted tuberculosis at thirty-seven, and died seven years later.
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10. By living a simpler life Thoreau hoped to show people, that things are less important than
wisdom, contentment, or leisure.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Use the following sets of punctuation marks in your own well-written sentences.
1. (quotation marks and a comma) ___________________________________________________
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2. (quotation marks and a semicolon) _________________________________________________
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3. (quotation marks with a question mark inside) ________________________________________
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4. (quotation marks with a question mark outside) _______________________________________
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5. (quotation marks and an exclamation point) __________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Use an apostrophe in each of the sentences that you write according to the following
guidelines.
1. (Use a plural noun ending in -s.) ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. (Use a compound noun.) _________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. (Use an expression of time or money.) _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. (Use a noun that does not end in -s.) ________________________________________________
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5. (Use a singular noun ending in -s.)__________________________________________________
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