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SampleQuestions

PharmacistEvaluatingExaminationSampleQuestions
ThefollowingsamplequestionsareNOTintendedordesignedtobeasampleexamination,anddoNOT
representanexactmodelofthePharmacistEvaluatingExaminationintermsofdifficultyandproportionof
topics.However,individually,thesequestionsareintendedtoberepresentative,informatandphrasing
style,ofthetypesofquestionsfoundonthePharmacistEvaluatingExamination.Theyalsoillustratea
varietyofthesubjectareascontainedintheexaminationblueprint.Pleasenotethatthesequestionsare
reviewedandupdatedperiodically.
Pleaseseebelowfortheanswerstothesesamplequestions.

BIOMEDICALSCIENCES
1Folicacidhastetrahydrofolatecoenzymeactivitywhichisbasedonthe:
a.pyrimidinering.
b.purinering.
c.pyrazinering.
d.pteridinering.
e.pyridinering.

2Enkephalinsarepeptidesthat:
a.havenarcoticantagonistactivity.
b.exertactionsresemblingthoseofopioids.
c.arefoundonlyinthecentralnervoussystem.
d.causebloodvesselwallrelaxation.
e.transmitpainimpulses.

3Caroteneistheprecursorof:
a.retinol.
b.thiamine.
c.calciferol.
d.riboflavin.
e.retinoicacid.

4Truestatementsregardingtranscriptionincludewhichofthefollowing?
a.TheenzymeresponsibleforinitiatingtranscriptionisRNApolymerase.
b.TheenzymeresponsibleforinitiatingtranscriptionisDNApolymerase.
c.Duringtranscription,thegeneticinformationcontainedinthenucleotidesequence
oftRNAistranslatedintoaproteinstructure.
d.Theprocessoftranscriptionincludesthesplicingofexons.
e.Followinginitiation,thenextstageoftranscriptionistermination.

5Diphtheriaiscausedby:
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a.Plasmodium.
b.Vibrio.
c.Shigella.
d.Neisseria.
e.Corynebacterium.

6Whichofthefollowingbloodvesselstransportsnutrientrichbloodfromtheintestinestotheliver?
a.Hepaticartery
b.Hepaticportalvein
c.Greatsaphenousvein
d.Inferiorvenacava
e.Superiorvenacava

7Thebloodvolumeoftheaverageadultisapproximately:
a.5L.
b.10L.
c.15L.
d.20L.
e.25L.

8Inadults,communityacquiredpneumoniacausedbywhichofthefollowingorganismsisassociatedwith
thehighestmortalityrate?
a.Chlamydiapneumoniae
b.Mycoplasmapneumoniae
c.Haemophilusinfluenzae
d.Streptococcuspneumoniae
e.Pneumocystisjirovecii

9Whichofthefollowingisthemajorinhibitoryneurotransmitterinthebrain?
a.Gammaaminobutyricacid
b.Dopamine
c.Glutamate
d.Acetylcholine
e.Glycine

10WhichofthefollowingenzymescatalyzesthesynthesisofDNAfromviralRNA?
a.Reversetranscriptase
b.DNApolymerase
c.RNApolymerase
d.Endonuclease
e.AminoacyltRNAsynthetase

11Oftheessentialtransitionmetalionsfoundinthehumanbody,theonepresentathighestoverall
concentrationis:
a.copper.
b.cobalt.
c.iron.
d.manganese.
e.zinc.

12Theopticdiskisalsocalledthe:
a.blindspot.
b.cornea.

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c.iris.
d.pupil.
e.maculalutea.

13Incardiovascularphysiology,LaPlace'slawrelatesthetensionachievedinabloodvesselwallto:
Ithelengthofthevessel.
IItheradiusofvessel.
IIItheintraluminalpressure.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCES
14Correctstatementsregardingreversedphasehighperformanceliquidchromatographyincludewhichof
thefollowing?
IThestationaryphaseishydrophobic.
IIThemobilephaseispolar.
IIIThecompoundtobeseparatedisverypolar.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

15IfthepKaofphenobarbitalis7.4,whatapproximatefractionofthedrugwouldbe
ionizedatpH8.4?
a.10%
b.30%
c.50%
d.90%
e.100%

16Allofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthelyophilizationofaparenteralproduct
arecorrect,EXCEPT:
a.thereisminimallossofactivityinheatlabilematerials.
b.theliquidmustbefrozentobelowtheeutectictemperature.
c.thesoluteusuallyformsanamorphousglass.
d.theeutectictemperatureisthefreezingpointofthedrugsolution.
e.waterisremovedfromthefrozenmixturebysublimation.

17Dopamineisusefulinthetreatmentofcardiogenicshockbecauseit:
a.selectivelydilatesrenalandmesentericvascularbeds.
b.doesnotinduceperipheralvasoconstriction.
c.decreasestheforceofmyocardialcontraction.
d.delaystheatrioventricular(AV)conductiontime.
e.prolongstheQTintervalontheECG.

18Concentrationofadruginbreastmilkexceedsthatinplasma,ifthedrug:
a.isbasic.
b.isproteinbound.
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c.isacidicbutnotproteinbound.
d.hasasmallvolumeofdistribution.
e.hasalargevolumeofdistribution.

19MercapturicacidderivativesinphaseIImetabolismcanresultfromreactionsof:
a.glutathioneconjugates.
b.glucuronideconjugates.
c.glycineconjugates.
d.glutamateconjugates.
e.sulfateconjugates.

20Tetrodotoxinisaselectiveinhibitorofthe:
a.calciumionchannel.
b.sodiumionchannel.
c.potassiumionchannel.
d.chlorideionchannel.
e.nicotinicionchannel.

21

Valproicacidismetabolizedbyaliphatichydroxylationtotheabovetwostructures.
Therelationshipbetweenthetwometabolitesillustratestheconceptof:
a.conformationalisomerism.
b.structuralisomerism.
c.geometricisomerism.
d.opticalisomerism.
e.diastereoisomerism.

22Carbonmonoxidebindsto:
Ihemoglobin.
IImyoglobin.
IIIcytochromeoxidase.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

23Truestatementsregardingipratropiumbromideincludeallofthefollowing,EXCEPTthatipratropium
bromide:
a.isacompetitivemuscarinicantagonist.
b.existsasaquaternaryammoniumcompound
c.ispoorlyabsorbedthroughairwayepithelium.
d.requiresnebulizationforinhaledtherapy.
e.enhancesthebronchodilatoryeffectsoftheopyhlline.

24DiazepamInjectionU.S.P
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Diazepam5mg/ml
Ethanol10%
Propyleneglycol40%
Benzylalcohol1.5%
WaterforInjectionqs100%
Intheformulationgivenabove,whichofthefollowingingredientsfunctionascosolvents?
IEthanol
IIPropyleneglycol
IIIBenzylalcohol
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

25Bothisoxazoleandoxazoleringsarefoundassubstituentsinsomebacteriostaticsulfanilamides.They
arepresentinthesestructuresspecificallybecauseoftheir:
a.sizesandshapes.
b.tautomericactivities.
c.enzymaticactivities.
d.electrondonatingeffects.
e.electronwithdrawingeffects.

26TheMichaelisMentenequationwillappearfirstorder:
a.whenthesubstrateconcentrationismuchsmallerthanKm.
b.whenKmismuchsmallerthanthesubstrateconcentration.
c.whenVmax ismuchsmallerthanKm.
d.whenVmax ismuchlargerthanKm.
e.whenKmapproachesVmax .

27Withrespecttobioequivalence,theparameterCmax is:
a.affectedbytheextentofabsorptiononly.
b.affectedbytherateofabsorptiononly.
c.affectedbyneitherratenorextentofabsorption.
d.affectedbybothrateandextentofabsorption.
e.theonlysignificantparameter.

28

Whichofthehydroxylsinthecompoundaboveisatertiaryalcohol?
a.Hydroxyl1
b.Hydroxyl2
c.Hydroxyl3
d.Hydroxyl4
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e.Hydroxyls1and2

29

Theabovestructuresarerelatedtooneanotheras:
a.bioisosteres.
b.enantiomers.
c.homologs.
d.rotamers.
e.positional(structural)isomers.

30Fivesubjectsgivenasingleintravenousdoseofadrughavethefollowingeliminationhalflives:3,9,6,5
and4h(hours).Themeanhalflifeis:
a.4h.
b.5h.
c.5.4h.
d.5.8h.
e.6h.

31Reasonsforusingcoatingsontabletsincludeallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.tomaskthetasteofthedrug.
b.tomasktheodorofthedrug.
c.toimprovetheappearanceofthetablet.
d.toincreasethedrugsreleaserate.
e.toprotectthedrugfromstomachacid.

32Whichofthefollowingfactorswouldbeimportantindeterminingtheconcentrationofdrugthatwouldbe
reachedinthecerebrospinalfluidfortreatmentofmeningitis?
IOil/waterpartitioncoefficient
IIBindingtoplasmaprotein
IIIpKaofthedrug

a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

33Whichofthefollowingtermsindicatesalossofmoisture?
a.Deliquescence
b.Efflorescence
c.Hygroscopicity
d.Polymorphism
e.Condensation

34WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEregardingtabletformulation?
a.Diluentsarefillerstoaddbulktothetablet.
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b.Lubricantshelpthepatienttoswallowthetabletmoreeasily.
c.Bindingagentsmaybeaddeddryorinsolution.
d.Disintegrantsdrawwaterintothetabletcausingittoburst.
e.Glidantspromotetheflowofmaterialsduringcompression.

35Factorsthatdeterminebioequivalenceoftwobrandsofadruginclude:
Ithetasteofthepreparations.
IIthephysicalappearanceofthepreparations.
IIIpharmacokineticparametersofthepreparations.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

36Ifthetotalbodyclearanceofadrugis200mL/mininanormalhealthyadultandtherenalclearanceis10
mL/minthenonemayassumethat:
a.thedrugisextensivelymetabolized.
b.greaterthannormaldrugaccumulationwouldoccurinpatientswithmoderaterenalfailure
c.enterohepaticrecyclingissignificant.
d.thedrugisnotboundtoplasmaproteins.
e.thedrugisconcentratedinadiposetissue.

37Themajorpathwayforthebiotransformationofthefollowingcompoundisbyhydrolysis.Identifythesite
whichwouldbemostsusceptibletohydrolysis.

a.A
b.B
c.C
d.D
e.E

38Mechanismsofdruginteractionswithacetylsalicylicacid(ASA)include:
a.inductionofmicrosomalenzymes.
b.inhibitionofmicrosomalenzymes.
c.inhibitionofliposomalenzymes.
d.displacementofotherdrugsboundtoserumalbumin.
e.enhancedplateletaggregation.

39WhichofthefollowingdiureticsisusedtoblocktheNa+H+exchangesystemoftherenaltubule?
a.Furosemide
b.Hydrochlorothiazide

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c.Spironolactone
d.Acetazolamide
e.Amiloride

40Atropinepoisoningcanberecognizedbyallofthefollowingsignsorsymptoms,EXCEPT:
a.dryskin.
b.flushedappearance.
c.deliriumandrestlessness.
d.mydriasis.
e.diarrhea.

41Theorganophosphatescommonlyfoundininsecticidesarethoughttoactbywhichofthefollowing
mechanisms?
a.Combiningwithacetylcholine
b.Potentiatingtheactionofacetylcholinesterase
c.Formingaverystablecomplexwithacetylcholinesterase
d.Reactingatthecholinergicreceptor
e.Preventingthereleaseofacetylcholinefromthenerveending

42Acarbosesmoothsandlowers:
a.postprandialbloodglucoselevelsbyblockingabsorptionofcarbohydrates.
b.postprandialbloodglucoselevelsbydelayingabsorptionofcarbohydrates.
c.preprandialbloodglucoselevelsbyblockingabsorptionofcarbohydrates.
d.preprandialbloodglucoselevelsbydelayingabsorptionofcarbohydrates.
e.preprandialandpostprandialbloodglucoselevelsbyblockingabsorptionofcarbohydrates.

43Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingtheuseofmonoclonalantibodydrugtherapies?
a.Flulikesymptomscommonlyoccuratthestartoftherapy.
b.Tcellsarestimulatedandwillinitiateahostrejectionprocess.
c.Adalimumabisamurinederivedimmunoglobulinmonoclonalantibodyproduct.
d.Useofchimericmonoclonalantibodiesisassociatedwithincreasedimmunogenicity.
e.UseofFcfragmentsavoidsraisinganimmuneresponseagainsttheFABpart.

QUESTIONS44TO46INCLUSIVEREFERTOTHEFOLLOWING:
A3yearoldchildwasadmittedtothehospitalfollowingingestionofanoverdoseofacetylsalicylic
acid.Thechildwassemicomatose,flushedandflaccid.Herpupilswerefixedanddilated.
Respirationsweredeepandrapid.Laboratoryinvestigationindicatedserumsalicylatelevelof5.8
mol/L(80mg/100mL)andaurinarypHof6.

44Thesyndromeofdeepandrapidrespirationswouldinitiallyleadto:
a.respiratoryacidosis.
b.respiratoryalkalosis.
c.renalexcretionofacid.
d.markedreductioninbodytemperature.
e.increasedchlorideeliminationinurine.

45Asaresultofothermechanismsthechildwouldlikelyprogressto:
a.hyperglycemia.
b.hypoglycemia.
c.metabolicalkalosis.
d.systemicacidosis.
e.renalfailure.

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46Oneformoftherapytohastentheexcretionofsalicylateinvolvestheadministrationof:
a.vasopressin(ADH).
b.probenecid.
c.ammoniumchloride.
d.sodiumbicarbonate.
e.aluminumhydroxide.
***********

47Thefractionofboundreceptorsinawelldefineddrugreceptorbindingsystemisdeterminedby:
Itheequilibriumdrugreceptordissociationconstant.
IIthefreedrugconcentration.
IIIthetotalreceptorconcentration.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII

48Insomeparenteralformulations,sodiummetabisulphiteisincludedas:
a.anantioxidant.
b.achelator.
c.asolubilizer.
d.acosolvent.
e.anemulsifier.

49Thecarbonicanhydraseinhibitordorzolamideisstructurallyclassifiedasa:
a.biguanide.
b.butyrophenone.
c.sulfonamide.
d.sulfonylurea.
e.thiazolidinedione.

50WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEregardingvirusvectorsusedintheproductionof
biotechnologydrugs?
a.Virusescanbeintroducedbynutrients.
b.Virusescanbegeneratedbyaninfectedproductioncellline.
c.Themostfrequentsourceofvirusintroductionisthegrowthmedia.
d.Virusescanbeinactivatedbyphysicalorchemicaltreatmentoftheproduct.
e.Thereisatrendtowardusingbetterdefinedgrowthmediainwhichserumlevelsaresignificantlyreduced.

51WhichofthefollowingexcipientsisNOTcommonlyfoundinbiotechnologyformulations?
a.Albumin
b.Lysine
c.Tween20
d.Saline
e.Phosphate

52Anangiotensinconvertingenzyme(ACE)inhibitorforwhichbothrenaleliminationandmetabolismare
importantintheeliminationofthedruganditsactivemetabolitesis:
a.enalapril.
b.fosinopril.
c.lisinopril.
d.quinapril.
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e.ramipril.

53Oncedailydosingofaminoglycosidesiseffectivedueto:
a.prolongedresidenceoftheantibioticinthebody.
b.postantimicrobialeffect.
c.enhancedtissueaccumulation.
d.reducedrenalclearance.
e.higherpeaktroughdifferences.

54Themethodofionizationofmassspectrometrywhichresultsinwellestablisheddiagnosticfragmentation
patternsthatareusefulintheidentificationofcompoundsofunknownstructureiscalled:
a.atmosphericpressurechemicalionization(APCI).
b.chemicalionization(CI).
c.electronimpact(EI)ionization.
d.electrosprayionization(ESI).
e.fastatombombardment(FAB)ionization.

55Anophthalmicsolutioncontainszincsulfate0.25%,phenylephrineHCl0.12%andboricacid1.1%(NaCl
equivalents:zincsulfate0.15,phenylephrineHCl0.32,boricacid0.5).Relativetolacrimalfluid,thesolution
is:
a.isotonic.
b.hypotonic.
c.hypertonic.
d.hyperosmotic.
e.isoosmotic.

PHARMACYPRACTICEClinicalSciences

56Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingnitratetolerance?
a.Tolerancedoesnotoccurwithoralisosorbidedinitrate.
b.Tolerancedoesnotoccurinpatientswhoareconcurrentlyonmetoprolol.
c.Toleranceisdependentupontheadministrationscheduleofnitratemedication.
d.Tolerancedoesnotoccurwithtopicalnitroglycerinointment.
e.Tolerancedoesnotoccurwithtransdermalnitroglycerin.

57Theshockandairwayedemaofanaphylaxisarebesttreatedwith:
a.salbutamol.
b.diphenhydramine.
c.epinephrine.
d.acetazolamide.
e.aminophylline.

58Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingpioglitazonetherapy?
a.Itrequiresongoingmonitoringofrenalfunction.
b.Itdoesnotdependonthepresenceofinsulinforitsaction.
c.Multipledailydosingisrequiredduetoitsshorthalflife.
d.Pulmonaryfibrosisisararebutseriousadverseeffect.
e.Ithasshownbenefitsinreducingglycosylatedhemoglobinlevels.

59Prednisonemayproduceallofthefollowingeffects,EXCEPT:
a.skeletalmuscleweakness.
b.hypoglycemia.
c.sodiumretention.
d.pepticulceration.
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e.loweredresistancetoinfection.

QUESTIONS60TO61INCLUSIVEREFERTOTHEFOLLOWING:
SMisa34yearoldfemalewho,whilevacationinginMexico,beganprophylactictreatmentfor
travellers'diarrhea.Shortlythereaftershecomplainedofafeelingoffullnessinherears,black
stoolsandablacktongue.SMsprevioushistoryincludesanallergytosulfonamides.
60WhichofthefollowingdrugscouldbethecauseofSM'scomplaints?
a.Bismuthsubsalicylate
b.Cotrimoxazole
c.Doxycycline
d.Amoxicillin
e.Loperamide

61Organismscommonlyimplicatedinthecauseoftravellers'diarrheainclude:
IBacteroidesfragilis.
IIEscherichiacoli.
IIIShigellasp.
a.Ionly
b.IIIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.IIandIIIonly
e.I,IIandIII
**********

62Whichofthefollowingmedicationsrequiresmonitoringfortheadverseeffectofhyperlipidemia?
a.Ciprofloxacin
b.Allopurinol
c.Isotretinoin
d.Ramipril
e.Raloxifene

63IntheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI),mostdruglevelsaretobereportedintheunitsof
micromoles/litre(mol/L).Thetherapeuticconcentrationrangefortheophylline(molecularweight180)is10
20mcg/mL.TheSIequivalentwouldbe:
a.0.0550.11mol/L.
b.2755mol/L.
c.55110mol/L.
d.110220mol/L.
e.180360mol/L.

64Themotherofa6yearoldchildpresentstothepharmacistwithawrittenprescriptionforamoxicillinthat
wasorderedbythephysician3daysearlier.Shestatesthatherchildwasdiagnosedwithotitismediaand
thesymptomshaveremainedthesameoverthepast3days.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriate
pharmacistresponse?
a.Filltheprescriptionaswritten.
b.Refusetofilltheprescriptionastheantibioticorderisnolongercurrent.
c.Indicateaneedtocontacttheprescriberbeforefillingtheprescriptionatthistime.
d.Filltheprescriptionforaquantitythatistheorderedamountlessthreedayssupply.
e.Explainthat,atthislatedate,antibiotictherapywilllikelybeineffectiveforthechild.

65RFisan80yearoldfemalewhodevelopedCDAD(Clostridiumdifficileassociateddiarrhea)afterrecent
treatmentofaurinarytractinfectionwithciprofloxacin.Sheisadmittedtohospitalwithprofounddiarrhea(8
waterybowelmovementsperday),feverandsevereabdominalpain.Basedonhersymptoms,whichofthe
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followingisthemostappropriatetherapychoiceforher?
a.Oralmetronidazole
b.Intravenousmetronidazole
c.Oralcholestyramine
d.Oralvancomycin
e.Intravenousvancomycin

66CC,a72yearoldfemale,complainstothepharmacistthatherstomachhasbeenbotheringherrecently.
Currentmedicationsinclude:levothyroxine0.1mgdaily(x30years),acetaminophen500mgqid(x5
months),atorvastatin40mghs(x4years),ibuprofen400mgtidprnjointpain(x2months)andzopiclone
3.75mghsprn(x3months).WhichofthefollowingdrugtherapyproblemsbestdescribesCCscurrent
situation?
a.Toohighadosageofatorvastatin
b.Toohighadosageofzopiclone
c.Needforcytoprotectionwithibuprofen
d.Druginteractionbetweenatorvastatinandzopiclone
e.Toolowadosageoflevothyroxine

67A27yearoldpatientpresentstoacommunitypharmacyforthefirsttimeandtellsthepharmacistthathe
experiencedanallergytoapenicillinproductasachild.Hissymptomsincludedhives,wheezingandfacial
swelling,whichresultedinhospitalizedcare.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantreasonfora
communitypharmacisttodocumentthistypeofinformationinapatientsmedicationprofilerecord?
a.Toprovidedrugallergyinformationtothepatientsinsuranceprovider
b.Toencouragethepatienttofillfutureprescriptionsatthispharmacy
c.Toadvertiserelevantpharmacyproductsorservicestoappropriatepatients
d.Toenhancecontinuityofpatientcareregardlessoftheprescriber
e.Toprovidearecordofcognitiveservicesforinsurancereimbursement

QUESTIONS68TO69INCLUSIVEREFERTOTHEFOLLOWING:

TKisa63yearoldmalewithchronickidneydisease(CrCl=29mL/min/1.73m2)andgout.He
experiencedhislastgoutattackabout2monthsago.Todayhistoeisextremelypainful,hot,redand
swollen.Atawalkinclinic,hereceivesaprescriptionfornaproxen500mgbidfor5days.TKs
othercurrentmedicationispravastatin20mghs.

68WhatdrugtherapyproblemshouldthepharmacistidentifyforTK?
a.Naproxenisinferiortoindomethacinforthetreatmentofacutegout.
b.Thedurationofnaproxentreatmentistooshort.
c.Naproxenshouldbeavoidedinpatientstakingpravastatin.
d.Naproxenshouldbeavoidedinpatientswithrenaldysfunction.
e.Thefrequencyofnaproxendosingistoolow.

69Followingsuccessfulresolutionoftheacuteepisode,TKsphysiciandecidesthatheshouldinitiate
allopurinol.TKshouldbeadvisedto:
a.limitfluidintake.
b.takemedicationonanemptystomach.
c.useprecautionstoavoidphotosensitivity.
d.reportanyskinrashoritchingtothephysician.
e.avoiddairyproductsormultivitaminswithin2hoursofdose.
**********

70Allofthefollowinghavebeenimplicatedincausingtoxicnephropathy,EXCEPT:
a.cyclosporine.
b.sulfonamides.
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c.cisplatin.
d.penicillamine.
e.erythromycin.

71Inthetreatmentofapatientwhohasasolidtumour,whichofthefollowingsideeffectstypicallyoccurs1
to2weeksafterchemotherapy?
a.Neuropathy.
b.Cardiotoxicity.
c.Neutropenia.
d.Emesis.
e.Nephrotoxicity.

72Lactoseintoleranceisclassifiedasa(n):
a.allergy.
b.enzymedeficiency.
c.mineraldeficiency.
d.transporterabnormality.
e.vitamindeficiency.

73Parkinson'sdiseaseischaracterizedbyadeficiencyof:
a.acetylcholineinthemotorcortex.
b.noradrenalineinthespinalmotorneurons.
c.gammaaminobutyricacid(GABA)ininhibitorypathways.
d.dopamineinthenigrostriatalpathway.
e.serotonininthebrainstem.

74Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueregardingchronicinflammation,EXCEPT:
a.itmaydevelopasagranulomatousinflammation.
b.itmaybecausedbypersistentinfectionssuchastuberculosis.
c.itmayoccurwithautoimmunediseasessuchasrheumatoidarthritis.
d.largenumbersofmacrophagesarefoundintheinfiltrate.
e.lymphocytesandeosinophilsarerarelyinvolvedinitsdevelopment.

75Whichofthefollowingischaracterizedasanautoimmunedisorder?
a.Alzheimersdisease
b.SystemicLupusErythematosus
c.Osteoarthritis
d.Parkinsonsdisease
e.Pagetsdisease

76Apregnantfemalepresentswithaprescriptionforanantibioticfortreatmentofaurinarytractinfection.
Shetellsthepharmacistthatshedoesntknowwhythedoctorgaveherthemedication,becausesheisnt
experiencinganysymptoms.Herpresentationisconsistentwithwhichofthefollowingdiagnoses?
a.Cystitis
b.Septicemia
c.Urinaryretention
d.Pyelonephritis
e.Asymptomaticbacteriuria

77Acommunitypharmacistwouldliketobeginadiabeticeducationprogramforlocalpatientsnewly
diagnosedwithtype2diabetesmellitus.Beneficialinformationforthisgroupincludesallofthefollowing
EXCEPT:
a.strategiestominimizecardiacriskfactors.
b.factsondiabetesanditscomplications.
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c.useofthevariousglucometers.
d.appropriatedietaryrecommendations.
e.techniqueforthemixingofinsulins.

PHARMACYPRACTICEProfessionalPracticeSkills

78WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofperformingmedicationreconciliationactivitiesinahospital
setting?
a.Reductionofmedicationerrors
b.Reductionofinventorypilferage
c.Reductionofpreventableadverseeffects
d.Assessmentofpatientadherencetotherapy
e.Enhancedaccuracyofpatientallergyinformation

79TheCompendiumofPharmaceuticalsandSpecialties(CPS)isausefulresourceforlocatingwhichof
thefollowing?
a.Clinicalrecommendationsfordentalprophylaxisofbacterialendocarditis
b.DetailedmonographsforallprescriptionpharmaceuticalsavailableinCanada
c.ApprovedindicationsforallprescriptionandnonprescriptionpharmaceuticalsinCanada
d.Canadianconsensusguidelinesondrugtherapiesusedtotreathypertension
e.Bioequivalencedatacomparinginterchangeablepharmaceuticalproducts

80Indispensing,theLatinabbreviationfor"beforemeals"is:
a.ac.
b.aa.
c.pc.
d.ic.
e.cc.

81Indispensing,theEnglishmeaningfortheLatinphraseexaquais:
a.withorinwater.
b.extracellularfluids.
c.exactamount.
d.solubleinwater.
e.outofwater.

82AerosolOT(AOT)isusedinveterinarymedicineasalaxative.If250gofAOTisdissolvedin1000mL
ofglycerin(densityofglycerinis1.25g/mL),theconcentrationofAOTinthesolutionis:
a.12.5%w/w.
b.16.7%w/w.
c.20.0%w/w.
d.23.8%w/w.
e.25.0%w/w.

83AppropriatequalitycontrolprocedurestoensureproductandpatientsafetyinthepharmacydoNOT
includewhichofthefollowing?
a.Adheringtoguidelinesforcoldchainmanagement.
b.Maintainingaregularcleaningschedulefordispensarysurfaces.
c.Cleaningcountingtraysandautomatedcountingmachinesregularly.
d.UsingTALLmanletteringonallprescriptionlabels.
e.Regulatingthepharmacysindoorclimatewheremedicationsarestored.

84Thehospitalpharmacistisaskedforadvicefromaphysicianafteranewlyadmittedpatientisdiagnosed
withischemicstroke.Intheselectionofdrugtherapyfortheinitialmanagementofthispatient,the
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pharmacistwouldfindallofthefollowingresourcesuseful,EXCEPT:
a.publishedclinicalguidelines.
b.HarrisonsPrinciplesofInternalMedicine.
c.primaryjournalarticles.
d.TherapeuticChoices.
e.CompendiumofSelfCareProducts.

85Thepharmacistfillsaprescriptionforsumatriptan100mgtabletsforamigrainepatient.Appropriate
informationtoprovidetothepatientincludeswhichofthefollowing?
a.Ifthesumatriptandoesnotrelievetheheadachewithinfourhours,ergotaminemaybeused.
b.Ifnoreliefisachievedintwohours,sumatriptanmayberepeated.
c.Iftheheadacheisrelievedbutanotherheadacheoccurseighthourslater,sumatriptanmaybeusedfor
thesecondheadache.
d.Themaximumdosageinany24hourperiodissixtablets.
e.Ifreliefisnotachieved,noothermedicationcanbeusedfor24hours.

86Whichofthefollowingisappropriateauxiliarylabellingforallopurinol?
a.Takewithplentyoffluids.
b.Takeonanemptystomach.
c.Avoidconcurrentintakeofdairyproducts.
d.Avoidconcurrentintakeofgrapefruitjuice.
e.Exposuretosunlightmaycauseadversereactions.

87Therecommendedpediatricdosageforazithromycintherapyis12mg/kgoncedailyonDays1through
5.Forachildweighing8.3kg,calculatethetotalvolumeneededforthetotalcourseoftreatment,ifaproduct
supplying200mg/5mLissuppliedforthisorder.
a.12.5mL
b.15mL
c.25mL
d.37.5mL
e.50mL

88Apharmacistismakingapresentationonmedicationadherenceandcompliancetoagroupofclients.
Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriateindicatoroftheeffectivenessofthepresentationfor
theseclients?
a.Increaseinfillquantityforeachprescriptionrefill
b.Reducednumberofprescriptionsfilledpermonth
c.Increaseinnumberofnonprescriptionmedicationsused
d.Reducednumberofprescriptionrefilldatespermonth
e.Prescriptionrefilldatesclosertoexpectedfillintervals

89Rx Timolol0,25%drops
Mitte:15mL
Sig:gtt.io.d.BID
Ontheprescriptionlabeltheinstructionstothepatientshouldread:
a.applyonedropintobotheyestwicedaily.
b.instilonedropintothelefteyetwicedaily.
c.instilonedropintotherighteyetwicedaily.
d.shakewellandinstilonedropintothelefteyetwicedaily.
e.shakewellandinstilonedropintotherighteartwicedaily.

90Thefollowingprescriptionisreceivedinacommunitypharmacy:
Losec 20mg

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S:Take1tabBID
M:2weeks
Whichofthefollowingiscorrectlabellingforthisprescription?
a.Takeonetablettwiceweekly(28tablets).
b.Takeonetablettwiceweekly(4tablets).
c.Taketwotabletstwicedaily(56tablets).
d.Takeonetablettwicedaily(28tablets).
e.Takeonetablettwicedaily(14tablets)

91WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingTylenolElixirWithCodeine(each5mlcontains
acetaminophen160mgandcodeine8mg)?
a.Itrequiresawrittenorderfromanauthorizedprescriber.
b.Itisanexampleofalegallyexemptedcodeineproduct.
c.Saleforselfmedicationusemustinvolveapharmacist.
d.ItisregulatedundertheBenzodiazepinesandOtherTargetedSubstancesAct.
e.Authorizedprescribersincludechiropractors.

92Aphysicianwantstoswitchaterminallyillpatientfromslowreleasemorphinesulfatetablets,15mg
twicedaily,toaliquidmorphinesulfatedosageformbecausethepatienthasdifficultyinswallowingtablets.
Ifamorphinesulfatesolutioncontaining5mgpermLisprescribedq4h,whatvolumeshouldbedispensed
fora20daysupplytoprovidethesamepainreliefasthetabletregimen?
a.20mL
b.60mL
c.80mL
d.100mL
e.120mL

93Averticallaminarflowhood(LFH)ispreferredtoahorizontalLFHwhenpreparingaparenteral
formulationof:
a.aminophylline.
b.doxorubicin.
c.magnesiumsulfate.
d.nitroglycerin.
e.penicillin.

94Whichofthefollowingdrugordersisincompleteandrequiresfollowupwiththeprescriber?
a.ZithromaxZPak (azithromycin250mg),2tabsday1and1tabdays25.
b.Flonase(fluticasone)100mcgspray,1or2spraysineachnostrilbidx1bottle
c.Actonel(risedronate),35mgonceweeklyx12tabs
d.Cozaar(losartan),50mgbidx1month
e.Zocor(simvastatin),1tabhsfor3months

95Inestablishingaprofessionalrelationshipwithapatient,whichofthefollowingprinciplesistheLEAST
compatiblewiththephilosophyofpharmaceuticalcare?
a.Autonomy.
b.Nonmaleficence.
c.Confidentiality.
d.Paternalism.
e.Veracity.

96JN,a17yearoldmalewithahighlyresistantformoftesticularcancer,isinhospitalfortreatment.Heis
anintelligent,articulateyoungman.Hisparentsareinsistingthatthephysiciantreathimwiththelatest
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experimentaltherapy,butJNdoesnotwanttoundergothetreatment.Ifthephysiciangoesaheadandgives
theexperimentaltherapywhatethicalprinciplewillhavebeenviolatedthemost?
a.Confidentiality
b.Nonmaleficence
c.Justice
d.Veracity
e.Autonomy

97Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectregardinghypothesistesting?
a.AtypeIerrorfrequentlyoccurswhensamplesizesaresmall.
b.AtypeIIerrorismoreseriousthanatypeIerror.
c.Smallpvaluessuggestthatthenullhypothesisislikelytobetrue.
d.Thelargerthepvalue,themorelikelythenullhypothesisisfalse.
e.Pvalueistheprobabilityofwronglyrejectingthenullhypothesisifitisinfacttrue.

98Anadequatelypowered,randomizedcontrolledtrialconductedover2yearsdemonstratedthatthe
primaryoutcome(aseriouscardiovascularevent)occurredin15%ofthepatientswhoreceivedthenew
drug,whereastheprimaryoutcomeoccurredin25%ofthepatientswhoreceivedaplacebo.Therelative
riskreductionachievedwiththenewdrugis:
a.10%.
b.15%.
c.25%.
d.40%.
e.50%.

99Inanadequatelypowered,randomizedcontrolledtrialconductedover3years,aspecificseriousside
effect(i.e.,reductioninleukocytes)withconventionaltherapyisseenin0.5%ofthestudysample.In
patientswhoreceiveanewlydiscovereddrug,only0.45%experiencethesamesideeffect.Basedonthese
results,theminimumnumberofpatientsthatwouldhavetoreceivethenewdrugfor3yearstostatistically
demonstratethepreventionofoneepisodeofthissideeffectinatleastonepatientis:
a.15.
b.20.
c.150.
d.200.
e.2000.

100Inastudycomparing2drugtreatmentregimens,atypeIIerroroccurswhen:
a.thestatisticalconclusionisthatthereisadifferencebetweenthe2treatmentregimenswhenadifference
doesnotactuallyexist.
b.thestatisticalconclusionisthatthereisnodifferencebetweenthe2treatmentregimenswhena
differenceactuallydoesexist.
c.theplevelis>0.05.
d.thedrugtreatmentsstudiedarenotappropriatecomparatorsforthedisease.
e.theexclusioncriteriaaretoorestrictive.

101Apharmacisthasreceivedinformationregardinganewdrugtotreathypertension.Theinformationis
basedona2month,placebocontrolled,randomizedstudyof1000adultsthatshowedastatistically
significantaveragedecreaseinsystolicpressurefrom160mmHgto141mmHgandindiastolicpressure
from98mmHgto86mmHg.Themostcommonadversereactionswerestomachupsetanddizziness.
Whichofthefollowingisthemostsignificantlimitationofthisstudy?
a.Thestudysizewastoosmalltoassessefficacy.
b.Thepatientsdidnotachieveguidelinetargetsforhypertension.
c.Bloodpressureisasurrogateoutcome.
d.Longtermsafetyandefficacywerenotassessed.
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e.Placeboisnotanappropriatecomparator.

BEHAVIOURAL,SOCIALANDADMINISTRATIVEPHARMACYSCIENCES

102Indecidingwhatdrugsareappropriateforitsformulary,thehospitalmustconsideradrugsefficacy,
associatedworkload,andacquisitioncost.SeveralnewantifungalIVdrugs(drugA,drugB,drugC,and
drugD),allwithequalefficacy,haverecentlybecomeavailable.CurrentlythehospitalstocksdrugE,which
hasbeenavailableforseveralyears.Dataforthemedicationsisasfollows:

Treatment
Dosing
Drug Cost/Day Duration
Frequency
(days)
A $2.50 QID 14
B $2.25 oncedaily 14
C $5.00 BID 7
D $2.25 BID 7
E $2.25 QID 7
Themostappropriatechoiceforthehospitalis:
a.DrugA.
b.DrugB.
c.DrugC.
d.DrugD.
e.DrugE.

103Whichfinancialstatementcouldbeusedtodeterminethetotalvalueofprescriptiondrugsalesfora
pharmacyduringthecourseofayear?
a.Balancesheet
b.Statementofinvestments
c.Statementofchangesinfinancialposition
d.Incomestatement
e.Statementofequity

104ThestandardofuniversalaccesstogovernmentinsuredhealthcareinCanadaismandatedby:
a.theCanadaHealthAct.
b.individualprovincesandterritories.
c.HealthCanadasHealthEnvironmentandConsumerSafetydirectorate.
d.CanadianAgencyforDrugsandTechnologiesinHealth
e.PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.

105TheCanadaHealthAct(1984)embodiesallofthefollowingprinciples,EXCEPT:
a.affordability.
b.accessibility.
c.comprehensiveness.
d.portability.
e.universality.

106Whichofthefollowingresponsibilitiescanbeappropriatelydelegatedtoanonpharmacistmanagerofa
communitypharmacy?
a.Purchasingnarcoticdrugs
b.Selectingclinicaldecisionsoftwareforthedispensarycomputer
c.Coordinatingstaffscheduling
d.Supervisingpharmacytechnicians
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e.Determiningworkflowforthepharmacysprofessionalservices

107Academicdetailingbypharmacistsprovidesaservicetophysiciansby:
a.educatingonimprovedprescriptionlegibility.
b.advisingonoptimalpatientinterviewingtechniques.
c.recommendingstrategiestoavoidmedicationwastage.
d.providingcurrentinformationonbestprescribingpractices.
e.promotingtheuseofphysiciansamplesgiventopatients.

108AroleofTheNationalAssociationofPharmacyRegulatoryAuthoritiesisto:
a.auditthefinancialperformanceofprovincialpharmacylicensingbodies.
b.promoteimplementationofpharmacypracticestandardsacrossCanada.
c.establishaunifiedlobbyvoiceforpharmacistsfromalltypesofpracticesettings.
d.providemechanismsforthepublictofilecomplaintsaboutpharmacycareproviders.
e.accreditthepharmacyprogramsatCanadianuniversities.

AnswerstoSampleQuestions

1.(d) 26.(a) 51.(c) 76.(e) 101.(d)

2.(b) 27.(d) 52.(b) 77.(e) 102.(d)

3.(a) 28.(b) 53.(b) 78.(b) 103.(d)

4.(a) 29.(c) 54.(c) 79.(a) 104.(a)

5.(e) 30.(c) 55.(b) 80.(a) 105.(a)

6.(b) 31.(d) 56.(c) 81.(a) 106.(c)

7.(a) 32.(e) 57.(c) 82.(b) 107.(d)

8.(d) 33.(b) 58.(e) 83.(d) 108.(b)

9.(a) 34.(b) 59.(b) 84.(e)

10.(a) 35.(b) 60.(a) 85.(c)

11.(c) 36.(a) 61.(d) 86.(a)

12.(a) 37.(c) 62.(c) 87.(a)

13.(d) 38.(d) 63.(c) 88.(e)

14.(c) 39.(d) 64.(a) 89.(c)

15.(d) 40.(e) 65.(d) 90.(d)

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16.(d) 41.(c) 66.(c) 91.(a)

17.(a) 42.(b) 67.(d) 92.(e)

18.(a) 43.(a) 68.(d) 93.(b)

19.(a) 44.(b) 69.(d) 94.(e)

20.(b) 45.(d) 70.(e) 95.(d)

21.(b) 46.(d) 71.(c) 96.(e)

22.(e) 47.(c) 72.(b) 97.(e)

23.(d) 48.(a) 73.(d) 98.(d)

24.(c) 49.(c) 74.(e) 99.(e)

25.(e) 50.(c) 75.(b) 100.(b)

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