General Biochemistry Laboratory H. 0.10 M ascorbic acid, pKa=4.

10
pH and Buffers
3. Determine the molar concentration of the following
Concentration units solutions:
1. A sample of 6.45 g cysteine is dissolved in 80.1 g of A. Mg(OH)2 solution with a pH of 10.45.
H2O. Calculate the %w/w of cysteine in the solution. B. HCl solution with a pH of 2.69
2. Ten milliters of ethanol (=0.789 g/mL) is added to C. 5.00 mL of concentrated HCl, with a specific
sufficient amount of water to produce 100.0 mL gravity of 1.18 and has 37% (w/w) purity, is
solution. The density of the solution is 0.982 g/mL. diluted to 2.0 L.
Find the concentration in: 4. Nitrous acid is a weak acid. Would you expect
A. Percent volume solutions of nitrous acid and nitric acid, of equal
B. Percent mass concentration, to have the same pH? Explain.
C. Mole fraction of ethanol 5. Identify the acid-base conjugate pairs in each of the
D. Molarity following reactions:
3. What is the molarity of a solution made when water A. HCO3- + HCO3- H2CO3 + CO32-
is added to 11.0 g urea (MM=60.07) to make B. +NH3CH(CH2SH)CO2H + H2O
+
100.0mL of solution? NH3CH(CH2SH)CO2 + H3O+
4. A solution made by adding 1.63 g of K2S C. HHb + HCO3 Hb + H2CO3
(MM=110.3) to 10.0 mL of H2O has a volume at
20oC of 11.1mL. Find the molarity & normality of the Buffers: pH calculations and preparation
solution. 1. Calculate the pH of the buffer system made up of
5. Give the molar concentration of HCl with a specific 0.150M NH3/0.350M NH4Cl. Kb=1.8 x 10-5.
gravity of 1.18 and has 37.0% (w/w) purity. 2. Calculate the pH of the ammonia buffer consisting of
60.0mL 0.10M NH4Cl solution and 30.0mL 0.20M
MM=36.5
NH4OH solution.
6. How would you prepare 250.0mL of 0.866 M HCl
3. Calculate the ratio of the components of the
starting from a 5.07 M solution? ammonia buffer with pH of 8.60.
7. Water is added to 25.0 mL of a 0.866 M KNO3 4. The pH of a bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer is 8.00.
solution until the volume of the solution is exactly Calculate the ratio of the concentration of carbonic
750.0mL. What is the concentration of the final acid to that of the bicarbonate.
solution? 5. What is the pH of the buffer 0.10M Na2HPO4/0.15M
KH2PO4? Ka1=7.5 x 10-3, Ka2=6.20 x 10-8, Ka3=4.8 x
10-13.
pH, Ka, Kb 6. What is the pH of a 500.0 mL buffer containing
1. Complete the table: 0.250 moles HCO2H and 0.300 moles HCO2Na?
Ka=1.70 x 10-4.
Sample [H+] [OH-] pH pOH 7. What is the final pH of a solution made by mixing
100 ml of 0.050 M acetic acid and 100. ml of 0.10 M
Urine 3.16 x 10-8 sodium acetate?
Orange 8. Refer to the following buffers and the
5.01 x 10-4 corresponding pKa of the acid:
Juice
Antacid 10.50 sodium hydrogen citrate/disodium hydrogen
A 4.76
citrate
Cola 9.80 B boric acid/ primary sodium borate 9.23
C sodium bicarbonate/sodium carbonate 10.93
2. Determine the pH of the following solutions: potassium dihydrogen phosphate/ disodium
D 7.21
hydrogen phosphate
A. 0.76M HNO3
tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
B. 1.8 x 10-6 M Barium hydroxide E hydrochloride/ 8.30
C. 0.150 M Acetic acid, Ka=1.8 x 10-5 tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
D. 0.40 M Ammonia soln, Kb=1.8 x 10-5 Suggest a conjugate acid-base pair that could be used to
E. 0.105 M urea, Ka=0.67 prepare the buffer with the given pH. Calculate also the
F. 0.027 M lactic acid, Ka=1.38 x 10-4 ratio of salt to that of the acid:
G. 0.105 M aniline, pKa=4.60
 pH Buffer [salt]/[acid] 2. Calculate the pH change that take place when a
100.mL portion of (a) 0.0500 M NaOH and (b)
9.41
0.0500 M HCl is added to 400. mL of the buffer
7.00
solution containing 0.200 M NH3 and 0.300 M NH4Cl.
Ka=5.70x10-10.
3. A buffer containing 1.00 M concentrations of HOAc
9. What are the components of the buffer solution
and NaOAc has a pH of 4.742. (a) What is the pH of
when:
the solution after 0.0100 mol of HCl has been added
A. 0.30 mol H3PO4 is mixed with 0.10 mol NaOH
to 1.00 L of the buffer? (b) What is the pH of the
B. 0.20 mol H3PO4 is mixed with 0.30 mol NaOH
solution after the addition of 0.0100 mol of NaOH?
C. 0.20 mol H3PO4 is mixed with 0.40 mol NaOH
(c) What is the buffer capacity and pH change for
D. 65.0 g potassium primary phosphate is made to
each solution [in (a) and (b)]?
react with 200.0 mL of 3M NaOH. Calculate the
4. A buffered solution of pH 4.40 is 0.10 M benzoic
pH of the solution.
acid, HC7H5O2, and 0.15 M sodium benzoate,
10. At the physiological pH of 7.4, what is the ratio of
NaC7H5O2. After addition of 1.5 mL of 6.0 M HCl to
salt concentration to acid concentration for a HPO42
250.mL of the buffered solution, what is the
and H2PO4 buffering system if the pKa is 6.8?
resulting pH? Ka= 6.6 x 10-5
Which is the acid in this system?
5. What will be the ratio of acid-base pair of 0.115 M
11. Prepare 0.500L of 0.150M acetate buffer pH 4.00
glycine solution that has a pH of 8.10? What is the
using the following stock reagents:
charge of the predominant form of glycine in the
A. 0.500M acetic acid & 0.500M sodium acetate
solution? pKa1=2.40, pKa2=9.80
B. 0.500M acetic acid & sodium acetate crystals
6. If 5.00 mL of 0.080 M HCl was added to 0.100 L
C. 0.500M sodium acetate & 0.250M HCl
glycine solution, what will be the new pH of the
D. 0.500M acetic acid & 0.250M NaOH
solution? What is the buffer capacity?
E. 0.500M acetic acid & NaOH pellets
12. Describe the preparation of a 200. mL of a 0.200 M
benzoate buffer, pH=4.71 if your starting materials
are 80.0 mL of 0.200 M C6H5COONa and 10.0 g
C6H5COOH (122.13 g/mol). pKa=4.20.
13. Describe the preparation of 500. mL of 0.300 M
acetate buffer, pH=5.0, from 0.300 M NaOAc and
0.300 M HOAc. Ka=1.8x10-5.
14. Describe the preparation of 500. mL acetate buffer,
pH=5.0 from solid NaOAc (10.0g) and stock soln of
HOAc (95% w/w,=1.0498).
15. How much H3PO4 and NaOH are needed to prepare
a buffer solution containing 0.200 mole HPO 42- and
0.500 mole PO43-?
16. Describe the preparation of 500.mL 0.250M
phosphate buffer, pH=11.50 using the following
stock reagents:
A. 0.500M Na2HPO4 and 0.500M Na3PO4
B. Crystals of Na2HPO4 and Na3PO4
C. 5.0M H3PO4 and 6.0 M NaOH
D. 5.0M H3PO4 and NaOH pellets
E. 1.00M Na3PO4 and 5.0M HCl

Buffers capacity and pH change

1. Calculate pH change of acetate buffer consisting of
50.0mL 0.100M NaOAc and 80.0mL 0.100M HOAc
while adding 10.0mL 0.100M NaOH solurion.