THEME: INTRODUCING SCIENCE

Learning Area: 1. Introduction to Science

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.1 Describe examples of natural A student is able to: During learning benefit faedah
Understanding phenomena that students see activities, bring out career kerjaya
that science is around them: list what he sees around him the science discuss bincangkan
part of a) growth of human from a baby that is related to science, concepts and educator pendidik
everyday life. to an adult, explain the importance of principles students importance kepentingan
b) fall of a ball to the ground, science in everyday life, have learned in professional profesional
c) melting of ice. name some careers in science primary school. related berkaitan
such as: role play main peranan
Discuss the uses and benefits of a) science teachers, Talks on careers talks ceramah
science in everyday life. b) doctors, in science by natural phenomena
c) engineers, professionals. fenomena alam
Attend talks on careers in science. d) environmental scientists.

1.2 Carry out a scientific
Understanding investigation/experiment,
the steps in e.g. To find out what affects the
scientific number of times a pendulum
investigation. swings back and forth in a given
time (oscillations).
A student is able to:
state the steps in a scientific
investigation/experiment,
carry out a scientific
investigation.
Scientific affect mempengaruhi
investigation determine menentukan
involves the use of hypothesis hipotesis
science process identify mengenal pasti
skills. investigation penyiasatan
involve melibatkan
measure mengukur
observe memerhati

16
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Students will be: There should be a oscillations ayunan

guided discussion lengkap
a) determining what they want to for steps (a) to (c) swings back and forth
find out (identifying the before students berayun ulang alik
problem), carry out the pendulum bandul
b) making a smart guess (forming experiment. variable pemboleh ubah
a hypothesis),
c) planning how to test the
hypothesis (planning the
experiment)
identifying the variables,
determining the apparatus
and materials required,
determining the procedure
to carry out the experiment,
method to collect and
analise data.
d) carrying out the experiment,
e) writing down what has been
observed (collecting data),
f) finding a meaning for what has This activity helps
been observed (analysing and the teacher to
interpreting data), identify students
g) deciding whether the capabilities to
hypothesis is true (making carry out a
conclusions), scientific
h) writing a report on the investigation.
investigation (reporting).

17
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Students can be asked to report

their investigations to the class.
They should emphasise the steps
they have taken; what they have
changed; what they have kept the
same and what they have
measured.

1.3 Identify physical quantities (length, A student is able to: Product abbreviation singkatan
Knowing mass, time, temperature and descriptions can appropriate sesuai
physical electric current), their values and state the physical quantities be found on corresponding symbol
quantities and units found on product length, mass, time, temperature labels, boxes of simbol berpadanan
their units. descriptions. and electric current, electrical electric current arus
state the S.I. units and the appliances, food elektrik
Find words with the prefixes used corresponding symbols for packets, etc. length panjang
in measurements such as kilo-, these physical quantities, mass jisim
centi-, and milli- . state the symbols and values of S.I. is an measurement ukuran
prefixes for unit of length and abbreviation for physical quantity kuantiti
Find the symbols used for these mass: milli-, centi-, and kilo-, the French term fizik
units of measurement. identify and use appropriate Systme prefix imbuhan
prefixes in the measurement of International symbol simbol
Find the values of these prefixes. length and mass. dUnits which value nilai
means
international
system for units.

18
1.4 Measure the lengths of straight
Understanding lines, curves and the diameters of
the use of objects using rulers, threads and
measuring calipers.
tools.
Estimate the areas of regular and
irregular shapes using graph
paper.
Measure the volume of liquids
using measuring cylinders,
pipettes and burettes.
Determine the volume of regular
and irregular solids using the
water displacement method.
Measure the body temperature
and the temperature of water.
Discuss the right choice of tools in
making measurements.
Apply the above measuring skills
in the context of experiments.
A student is able to: Make sure calipers angkup
students take curve garis lengkung
choose the right tool and measurements displacement sesaran
measure length, correctly and estimate menganggarkan
estimate the area of regular accurately. irregular tidak sekata
and irregular shapes using regular sekata
graph paper, volume isi padu
choose the right tool and
measure the volume of liquid,
choose the right tool to
measure the body temperature
and the temperature of a liquid,
determine the volume of solid
using the water displacement
method.
19
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.5 Find the weights of different A student is able to: Unit for weight: beam balance neraca alur
Understanding objects using a spring balance. newton determine menentukan
the concept of determine the weight of an Unit for mass: difference perbezaan
mass. Discuss weight as the pull of the object, kilogram force daya
earth (gravitational force) on an explain the concept of weight, lever balance neraca tuas
object. explain the concept of mass, Carry out an mass jisim
determine the mass of an experiment in matter jirim
Discuss mass as quantity of object, which students pull tarikan
matter. explain the difference between have to apply the spring balance neraca
mass and weight, skill of measuring spring
Find the mass of different objects apply the use of spring and mass and weight. weight berat
using beam balance or lever beam/lever balance in the
balance. context of an experiment.
Discuss the difference between
mass and weight.

Apply the skills of using spring

balance and beam/lever balance
in the context of an experiment.

20
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.6 Discuss the various units of A student is able to: act out lakonkan
Realising the measurements, e.g. units for advantage kebaikan
importance of length (foot, yard, chain, mile, give examples of problems that arise timbul
standard units meter, kilometer), units for weight may arise if standard units are disadvantage keburukan
in everyday (pound, ounce, kati, tahil, gram, not used. realising menyedari
life. kilogram). standard piawai
scene babak
Act out a scene to show the various pelbagai
problems caused by not using
standard units e.g. buying things
at the market.

Discuss the advantages and

disadvantages of using different
units of measurement.

21
THEME: MAN AND THE VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS

Learning Area: 1. Cell as a Unit of Life

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.1 Gather information on living A student is able to: General structure animal cell sel haiwan
Understanding organisms and identify the of a cell may cell wall dinding sel
cells. smallest living unit that makes up identify that cell is the basic unit include cell wall, cheek cells sel pipi
the organism. of living things, cell membrane, chloroplast kloroplas
prepare slides following the protoplasm cytoplasm sitoplasma
Prepare slides of cheek cells and proper procedure, (cytoplasm and handling mengendali
onion cells. use a microscope properly, nucleus), general umum
identify the general structures chloroplast and microscope mikroskop
Study the general structure of of animal cells and plant cells, vacuole. nucleus nukleus
cheek cells and onion cells under draw the general structure of onion bawang
a microscope using the correct an animal cell and a plant cell, The usage and plant cell sel tumbuhan
procedure. label the general structure of handling of a precaution langkah
an animal cell and a plant cell, microscope is keselamatan
Draw and label the different state the function of each cell introduced in this prepare sediakan
structures of an animal cell and a structure, learning area. protoplasm protoplasma
plant cell. remind ingatkan
state the similarities and
Remind pupils of sample sampel
differences between an animal
Compare an animal cell to a plant the safety slide slaid
cell and a plant cell.
cell. precautions to be structure struktur
taken when vacuole vakuol
Gather information on cell preparing samples
structures and discuss their of cheek cells.
functions.

22
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.2 Gather information about A student is able to: Use prepared multicellular organism
Understanding unicellular organisms and slides or fresh organisma multisel
unicellular multicellular organisms. state the meaning of unicellular specimens. unicellular organism
organism and organism and multicellular organisma satu sel
multicellular Provide students with picture organism, Introduce the term microorganism
organism. cards, name cards, cards with the give examples of unicellular microorganisms. mikroorganisma
labels unicellular and organism and multicellular
multicellular. Students match the organism.
three cards for each organism.

Observe examples of unicellular

organisms and multicellular
organisms under a microscope.

1.3 Gather information and discuss A student is able to: arrange sequentially
Understanding the following: susun mengikut urutan
that cells form a) types of human cells, name the different types of cell sel
tissues, organs b) functions of different types of human cells, function fungsi
and systems in human cells. state the function of different human being manusia
the human types of human cells, ladder tangga
body. arrange sequentially cell organ organ
organisation from simple to organisation of cells
complex using the terms cell, organisasi sel
tissue, organ, system and system sistem
organism. simple mudah
tissue tisu

23
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Use a graphic organiser (e.g.

ladder of hierarchy) to show the
hierarchy of cell organisation:

cell tissue organ

system organism

organism

system

organ
tissue
cell

1.4 Discuss why human beings are A student is able to: complex organism
Realising that complex organisms. organisma kompleks
humans are explain why human beings are human being manusia
complex complex organisms. realising menyedari
organisms.

24
THEME: MATTER IN NATURE

Learning Area: 1. Matter

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.1 Through activities, show that A student is able to: air udara
Understanding things such as book, air, water, living things benda hidup
that matter has soil and living things have mass state that things have mass and mass jisim
mass and occupy space. occupy space, matter jirim
and occupies explain what matter is, occupies memenuhi
space. Discuss what matter is. relate things and matter, water air
carry out activities to show that soil tanih
List examples of matter. air, water, soil and living things
have mass and occupy space.

1.2 Gather information and discuss
Understanding a) what matter is made up of,
the three b) what the three states of matter state that matter is made up of
states of are.
matter.
Compare the three states of
matter in terms of:
a) the arrangement of particles,
b) the movement of particles.
Simulate the arrangement and
movement of particles in the three
states of matter.
A student is able to: particle zarah
simulate membuat
simulasi
particles, arrangement susunan
state the three states of matter, movement gerakan
state the arrangement of state of matter keadaan
particles in the three states of jirim
matter,
state the differences in the
movement of particles in the
three states of matter.

25
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.3 Recall the definition of density.
Understanding
the concept of Through activities, find the
density. densities of:
a) objects with regular shape and
objects with irregular shape,
b) different liquids.
Discuss why some objects and
liquids float by relating to density.
A student is able to:
define density,
explain why some objects and
liquids float,
solve simple problems related
to density,
carry out activities to explore
the densities of objects and
liquids.
Archimedes definition takrifan
Principle need not explain menerangkan
be introduced. float timbul
liquid cecair
object with irregular shape
objek berbentuk tak sekata
object with regular shape
objek berbentuk sekata
recall ingat semula
solve selesaikan

1.4 Gather information and discuss A student is able to: aplication aplikasi
Appreciating how: appreciating menghargai
the use of describe how man uses the applies mengaplikasi
properties of a) man uses his knowledge of different states of matter, build bina
matter in different states of matter to describe how man applies the float pelampung
everyday life. store and transport gases and concept of density, gas gas
liquids, carry out an activity to explore property sifat
b) man uses the concept of the applications of the concept raft rakit
density in making rafts, floats of floating and sinking related to store menyimpan
etc. density. transport mengangkut

Carry out an activity to explore the

applications of the concept of
floating and sinking related to
density.

26
Learning Area: 2. The Variety of Resources on Earth

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

2.1 Gather information about the A student is able to: life kehidupan
Knowing the resources on earth, i.e. water, air, knowing mengetahui
different soil, minerals, fossil fuels and list the resources on earth resource sumber
resources on living things. needed to sustain life, to sustain life menyokong
earth. list the resources on earth used kesinambungan kehidupan
in everyday life.

2.2 Gather information and discuss
Understanding a) what elements, compounds
elements, and mixtures are,
compounds b) what metals and non-metals
and mixtures. are,
c) examples of elements,
compounds, mixtures, metals
and non-metals.
Compare and contrast the
properties of elements,
compounds and mixtures.
Carry out activities to compare the
properties of metals and non-
metals in terms of appearance,
hardness, conductivity of heat and
conductivity of electricity.
A student is able to: appearance rupa
characterstic ciri
state what elements, classify mengelaskan
compounds and mixtures are, compound sebatian
give examples of elements, component komponen
compounds and mixtures, conductivity
state the differences between kekonduksian
elements, compounds and electricity elektrik
mixtures, element unsur
carry out activities to compare hardness kekerasan
and contrast the properties of heat haba
different metals and non- mixture campuran
metals, separate mengasingkan
classify elements as metals and understanding
non-metals based on their memahami
characteristics,
give examples of metals and
non-metals,

27
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Carry out activities to separate the carry out activities to separate

components of mixtures e.g. the components of a mixture.
a) mixture of iron filings and
sulphur powder,
b) mixture of sand and salt.

2.3 Discuss the importance of earths A student is able to: appreciating menghargai
Appreciating resources (water, air, soil, concept map peta
the importance minerals, fossil fuels and living explain the importance of variety konsep
of the variety things) to man. of earths resources to man, conservation
of earths state the meaning of the pemuliharaan
resources to Draw a concept map to show the preservation and conservation of needs of life keperluan
man. relationship between these resources on earth, hidup
resources to the basic needs of state the importance of the preservation
life. preservation and conservation of pemeliharaan
resources on earth, resource sumber
Gather information on the practise reducing the use, relationship hubung kait
preservation and conservation of reusing and recycling of sustainable development
resources on earth. materials. pembangunan lestari

Discuss the importance of the

preservation and conservation of
resources on earth (e.g. recycling
of paper reduces the
cutting down of trees; conserving
clean water prevents water
shortage).

28
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Carry out a project, campaign or

competition on reducing the use,
reusing and recycling of materials
e.g. using old unfinished exercise
books as note books and
collecting old newspapers.

29
Learning Area: 3. The Air Around Us
Learning
Suggested Learning Activities
Objectives
3.1 Gather information on:
Understanding a) the composition of air,
what air is b) the percentage of nitrogen,
made up of. oxygen and carbon dioxide in
air.
Carry out activities to show:
a) the percentage of oxygen in
air,
b) that air contains water vapour,
microorganisms and dust.
3.2 Gather information on the
Understanding properties of oxygen and carbon
the properties dioxide.
of oxygen and
carbon dioxide. Carry out activities to show the
properties of oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the following aspects:
a) solubility in water,
b) reaction with sodium
hydroxide,
Learning Outcomes
A student is able to:
state what air is made up of,
explain why air is a mixture,
state the percentage of
nitrogen, oxygen and carbon
dioxide in air,
carry out activities to show:
a) the percentage of oxygen in
air,
b) that air contains water
vapour, microorganisms
and dust.
A student is able to:
list the properties of oxygen
and carbon dioxide,
identify oxygen and carbon
dioxide based on their
properties,
choose a suitable test for
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
30
Notes Vocabulary
Air is a mixture of carbon dioxide karbon
nitrogen, oxygen, dioksida
carbon dioxide, composition komposisi
inert gases, water dust habuk
vapour, microorganism
microorganisms mikroorganisma
and dust. nitrogen nitrogen
oxygen oksigen
inert gas gas nadir
water vapour wap air
lime water air kapur
glowing berbara
indicator penunjuk
reaction tindak balas
solubility keterlarutan
wooden splint kayu uji
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

c) the effect on:

glowing and burning wooden
splinter, litmus paper, lime
water, bicarbonate indicator.

3.3 Gather information and discuss A student is able to: energy tenaga
Understanding respiration. exhaled air udara
that oxygen is state that energy, carbon dioxide hembusan
needed in Carry out an experiment to show and water vapour are the inhaled air udara
respiration. that during respiration, living products of respiration, sedutan
things relate that living things use role peranan
(a) use oxygen, oxygen and give out carbon rate of respiration kadar
(b) give out carbon dioxide. dioxide during respiration, respirasi
compare and contrast the yeast yis
content of oxygen in inhaled and
exhaled air in humans,
state that oxygen is needed for
respiration,
carry out an experiment to show
that living things use oxygen and
give out carbon dioxide during
respiration.

31
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities
Objectives
3.4 Gather information and discuss
Understanding combustion.
that oxygen is
needed for Carry out experiments to:
combustion a) show that oxygen is needed
(burning). for combustion,
b) investigate the effect of the
size of a container on the
length of time a candle burns.
Carry out activity to test for the
products of combustion of
charcoal and candle.
3.5 Gather information and discuss:
Analysing the
effects of air a) what air pollution is,
pollution. b) examples of air pollutants,
c) the sources of air pollutants,
d) the effects of air pollution on
man and the environment,
e) the steps needed to control air
pollution.
Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
A student is able to: Charcoal is an candle lilin
example of carbon. charcoal arang
state what combustion is, combustion pembakaran
state that oxygen is needed for carbon karbon
combustion, product hasil
list the products of combustion,
carry out experiments to
investigate combustion.
A student is able to: air pollution pencemaran
udara
explain what air pollution is, control kawalan
list examples of air pollutants, effect kesan
list the sources of air pollutants, analysing menganalisis
describe the effects of air environment alam sekitar
pollution, prevent mencegah
explain the steps needed to pollutant bahan cemar
prevent and control air source sumber
pollution.
32
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Carry out a project to study:

a) air pollution in an area around

the school,
b) the effects of air pollution.

3.6 Gather information and discuss:
Realising the
importance of a) how life would be without clean
keeping the air air,
clean. b) ways to keep the air clean,
c) habits that keep the air clean.
Carry out an activity to show the
pollutants in cigarette smoke.
A student is able to: describe perihalkan
habit amalan
describe how life would be suggest cadangkan
without clean air,
suggest ways to keep the air
clean,
practise habits that keep the air
clean.

33
THEME: ENERGY

Learning Area: 1. Sources of Energy

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

1.1 Gather information about the
Understanding various forms and sources of
various forms energy, and energy changes.
and sources of
energy. Discuss the sun as the primary
source of energy.
Carry out activity to see the
change of energy change
from potential to kinetic
energy, e.g. a ball rolling
down a slope.
from kinetic to potential
energy, e.g. the winding of
the spring in a toy car.
A student is able to: energy change
perubahan bentuk tenaga
list the various forms of energy, form bentuk
list the various sources of slope satah condong
energy, kinetic energy tenaga
identify energy changes, kinetik
identify the sun as the primary potential energy tenaga
source of energy, keupayaan
carry out an activity to primary source sumber
investigate the change of primer
energy from potential to kinetic various pelbagai
energy and vice versa. vice versa sebaliknya

1.2 Gather information and discuss A student is able to: Project includes the efficient cekap
Understanding the meaning of renewable and making of scrap conserve memulihara
renewable and non-renewable energy sources. define renewable and non- books, models and non-renewable tidak
non-renewable renewable sources of energy, posters. boleh diperbaharui
energy. group the various sources of renewable boleh
energy into renewable and non- diperbaharui
renewable, solar energy tenaga suria

34
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

Carry out a project on: explain why we need to

a) renewable and non-renewable conserve energy,
energy sources, suggest ways to use energy
b) the uses of solar energy, efficiently.
c) the ways to increase efficient
use of energy.

1.3 Discuss the importance of A student is able to: Discussion can be management
Realising the conserving energy sources. in the form of pengurusan
importance of describe the importance of forum, brain
conserving Discuss the use and management conserving energy sources, storming etc.
energy of energy sources. explain the use and
sources. management of energy
sources.

35
Learning Area : 2. Heat

Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

2.1 Carry out activities to show:
Understanding
heat as a form a) the sun gives out heat,
of energy. b) ways to produce heat,
c) heat and temperature are not
the same e.g. ask students to
predict and observe how the
temperatures change when
hot and cold water are mixed.
Discuss:
a) that heat is a form of energy,
b) the uses of heat in our daily life
c) what temperature is,
d) the difference between
temperature and heat.
A student is able to: daily life kehidupan
harian
state that the sun gives out difference perbezaan
heat, example contoh
state other sources of heat, gives out mengeluarkan
state that heat is a form of heat haba
energy, meaning maksud
give examples of the uses of temperature suhu
heat,
state the meaning of
temperature,
state the difference between
heat and temperature.

36
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

2.2 Carry out activities to show that
Understanding heat causes solids, liquids and
heat flow and gases to expand and contract.
its effect. (ball and ring, mercury in
thermometer and air in round-
bottomed flask)
Carry out activities to show how
heat flows by conduction,
convection and radiation.
Carry out group activities to
discuss:
a) natural phenomena such as
land breeze, sea breeze and
the warming of the earth by the
sun,
b) how buildings can be kept cool,
c) what a heat conductor is,
d) what a heat insulator is,
e) the uses of heat conductors
and heat insulators in daily life.
A student is able to:
state that heat causes solids,
liquids and gases to expand
and contract,
state that heat flows in three
different ways (conduction,
convection and radiation),
state that heat flows from hot to
cold,
give examples of heat flow in
natural phenomena,
state what a heat conductor is,
state what a heat insulator is,
list uses of heat conductors and
heat insulators in daily life,
carry out an experiment to
investigate the use of different
materials as heat insulators.
conduction konduksi
Explain the effect of contract mengecut
heating and cooling convection perolakan
on solids, liquids expand mengembang
and gases. flow mengalir
gas gas
insulator penebat
land breeze bayu darat
liquid cecair
natural phenomena
fenomena alam
radiation sinaran
sea breeze bayu laut
solid pepejal

Carry out an experiment to

investigate the use of different
materials as heat insulators.

37
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

2.3 Carry out activities to show the A student is able to: Physical processes boiling pendidihan
Analysing the change in state of matter in include melting, condensation
effect of heat physical processes. state the change in state of boiling, freezing, kondensasi
on matter. matter in physical processes, evaporation, evaporation penyejatan
Discuss: explain that change in state of condensation and freezing penyejukbekuan
(i) the effects of heat on the state matter involves the absorption sublimation. melting peleburan
of matter, and release of heat, process proses
(ii) examples of daily observations give examples of daily reference rujukan
which show a change in state observations which show a sublimation
of matter. change in state of matter. pemejalwapan

2.4 Discuss the use of expansion A student is able to: bimetallic strip jalur
Applying the and contraction of matter in the dwilogam
principle of following: explain with examples the use expansion
expansion of expansion and contraction of pengembangan
and a) mercury in a thermometer, matter in daily life, contraction pengecutan
contraction of b) bimetallic strip in a fire alarm, apply the principle of expansion fire alarm alat penggera
matter. c) gaps in railway tracks, and contraction of matter in kebakaran
d) rollers in steel bridges. solving simple problems. roller penggolek
steel bridge jambatan
Discuss the use of the principle of keluli
expansion and contraction of
matter to solve simple problems.

38
 Learning
Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
Objectives

2.5 Carry out experiments to show A student is able to: absorb menyerap
Understanding that: dull pudar
that dark, dull state that dark, dull objects dark gelap
objects absorb a) dark, dull objects absorb heat absorb heat better than white, shiny berkilat
and give out better than white, shiny shiny objects,
heat better. objects, state that dark, dull objects give
b) dark, dull objects give out heat out heat better than white,
better than white, shiny shiny objects,
objects. carry out experiments to
investigate heat absorption and
heat release.

2.6 Discuss and put into practice A student is able to: improve air circulation
Appreciating activities such as the opening of memperbaiki pengudaraan
the benefits of windows in the classroom or put into practice the principle of comfortable living
heat flow. laboratory to improve air heat flow to provide kehidupan yang selesa
circulation. comfortable living.

39