Chapter 3: On Becoming A Global Teacher

1. 1. Roy S. Capangpangan BSEd III - English

2. 2. 1. Compare the educational systems of selected countries of the world. 2. Describe
multi-cultural education and the role of the teacher in addressing diversity among learners. 3.
Identify opportunities provided by exchange programs in the development of world-class
teacher. 4. Describe various educational technologies utilized in innovative teaching strategies
for global teaching. 5. Reflect on the qualities and responsibilities of a global teacher. In order to
accomplish the intentions of this chapter, you should be able to: Objectives of this chapter:
3. 3. ---Conrado de Quiroz
4. 4. Development of more tolerant attitudes towards cultures and peoples. We live in a
global village, hence a need for global teachers Increased fluency in foreign languages
Resolutions of global problems increased knowledge about the peoples of the world.
5. 5. a. Wider range of knowledge of various educational systems outside the country. b.
Master skills and competencies which can address global demands. c. Posses attitudes and
values that are acceptable to multicultural communities. a. Use of technology in the classroom
b. Incorporation of changing realities of our worlds societies c. Ease of mobility of peoples of the
world
6. 6. Benchmarking is learning the best from the best practices of the worlds best
educational systems.
7. 7. The system of formalized transmission of knowledge and values operating within a
given society Educational System
8. 8. Primary School : 6 years --6 yrs old to 12 years old Secondary School : 6 years a.
Junior HS year 7 to year 10 (Compulsory) Gov., non-Gov. Co-Educational Comprehensive
/Multi-Purpose High School b. Senior HS year 11 to year 12 (Not Compulsory) --16 to 18
years old. Tertiary School : TAFE (Technical and Further Education) Most students enrolled in
government schools which operate under the direct responsibility of the state or Territory
Education Ministry. Federal Government provides supplementary financial support. AY begins
from March to November. Long vacation: Dec1 to Feb 28; English is the language of instruction.
9. 9. MAIN PURPOSE OF AHE: 1. To enable individuals to develop their capabilities for
effective participation in the work force, for constructive contribution to society and for personal
growth and fulfillment; 2. To advance knowledge and understanding; 3. Aid the application of
knowledge and understanding for the benefit of the economy and the society; 4. Enable
individuals to adapt and learn, consistent with the needs of an adaptable knowledge-based
economy at the local, regional and national levels; 5. Contribute to democratic civilized society.
10. 10. a. Arts, Sciences, Commerce 3 years (Pass) b. Education, Engineering 4 years
(Honors) c. Veterinary, Science, Dentistry, Architecture 5 years d. Medicine and Surgery 6
years a. Masters Degree (1 to 2 years) b. Doctorate Degree (Ph.D., higher doctorate in science
or DSsc, or Humanities or DLitt) Requirement: Senior Secondary Certificate of Education
11. 11. Subject matter and instructional contents are uniform for all. * Wang, 1996;
Nanjundiah, 1996Course syllabi are written by scientists and professors hired by National
Educational Commission. The largest educational system of the world.* The educational
system is highly centralized.
12. 12. Primary Grades (6 years) --> devoted to development of cognitive skills. High
School (6 years) Junior HS: 3 years Senior HS: 3 years --> students have to cover all the topics
in order to pass one of the two (2) versions of the National University Entrance Examination
(NUEE) University (6 years) Problems: Elitism to social alienation. Class size: 40 to 60 years
13. 13. 1. Kindergarten 2. Elementary (six years) 3. Secondary : Lower (3 years); and Upper
(3 years) 4. University (usually 4 years) Highly centralized and administered by the Mombusho
or Ministry of Education Serves as model of how to operate schools. System gives a mental
picture of obedient, quite school children sitting on their desks, listening to the teacher and
working hard to pass the various entrance examinations.
14. 14. No. of days: 243 days (year-round with some breaks between session) Standard
Curriculum includes Japanese Langauge, Social Studies, Math and Science along with Art,
Music, HE, PE. (emphasis has been given to learning the Japanese Language) Education is
free and compulsory for children 6 to 15 years. Preschools (Yochien: female teachers) are not
official part of the educational system. Classes are large; lecture is the usual teaching
methods.
15. 15. Upper Secondary Schools offer academic, technical, and vocational programs.
First year courses: Japanese Language, English, Science and Math, Vocational courses
includes Information Processing, Navigation, Fish Farming, Ceramics, and Business Language
Ranked on their success in placing graduating students. Lower Secondary Schools: Grade 7, 8
& 9. Men compose two-thirds of the teachers in this level. Class size average: 38 students
Duration: 50 minutes long
16. 16. Ronin (Samurai) is a student who fail the test (NAT/CET) and subject to take
another year to study and prepare to take the test again. Masters degree Doctoral degree:
Medical programs and Humanities. Junior Colleges (Women): HE, Nursing, Teaching,
Humanities and Social Science. Private institutions make up 80% of university enrolments
although public schools have more prestige. Placement exams: NAT & College Entrance Test
If you do well in exams, you will get into good schools/universities & automatically into a good
life-time job.
17. 17. Their Constitution guarantees equal access to basic education. Values and
Principles: a. Equity and redress b. Access to basic education c. Opportunities for lifelong
learning d. Quality in terms of providing learners with learning acceptable standards. e.
Efficiency f. Democratic participation g. Sustainability of development and relevance of
education.
18. 18. Sectors: a. Public ordinary schools education b. Independent school education c.
Special school education d. Technical college education e. Teacher training f. Technikon g.
University training Formal education categorize into sectors or levels.
19. 19. Levels: a. Pre-primary b. Primary c. Secondary d. Higher education Formal
education categorize into sectors or levels.
20. 20. Phases: a. Foundation (Grade R to III) b. Intermediate (Grade IV to VI) c. Senior
Grades (Grade VII to IX) General Education and Training (GET) covers the reception year
(Grade R to IX); corresponds to level I of the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) and
divided into 3 phases. As a rule, children start primary education at the age of 7
21. 21. Primary Education: a. Junior Primary (Grades I to III) b. Senior Primary (Grades IV
to VI) c. Grades VII to IX is the last stage of compulsory education and will lead to General
Education and Training Certificate Technical Secondary Education (lasts for 3 years) offered
technical centers, HS & vocational schools. Further Education Training (FET) or Senior
Secondary Education (Grades X to XII) is not compulsory At the end of Grade VII, students sit
a public examination leading to senior certificate.
22. 22. a. Language, Literacy and Communication b. Mathematical Literacy, Mathematics
and Mathematical Science c. Natural Science d. Technology e. Human and Social Science f.
Economics and Management Science g. Arts and Culture h. Life Orientation Eight Learning
Areas (that form the basis of all basic education up to the FET certificate)
23. 23. Institutions: a. Colleges b. Technikons c. Universities Tertiary and Higher
Education correspond to Level V to VIII of NQF which is more advanced than the Senior
certificate. Most colleges of education offer a 3-year programme leading to the Diploma in
Education (4-year for higher diplomas)
24. 24. Nursing Colleges and Hospital Schools of Nursing offer 4- year course leading to a
diploma. Agricultural Colleges offer 1-year certificate, 2-year higher certificate and 3-year
diploma courses. Honor degree require one additional year of study Technikons also offer
bachelors, masters (4-year course) and doctoral degree programmes in technology. Masters
degrees (Magister Technologiae) require a minimum of 1-year of study. Doctorates (Laureatus
in Technology/Doctor of Technology) require 2-year of study.
25. 25. School year consists of 196 school days (41 weeks) which is divided into 4 terms.
Other relevant sectors: a. Special education b. Private education or independent schools c.
Adult and non-formal education d. HIV/AIDS education
26. 26. Education is compulsory for children ages 5 to 16. In the primary school, the
subjects are taught by the same teacher for a year before moving to a the nest grade level on
the next year. All schools whether private or state choose to follow the national curriculum. It
is mandatory for all state schools to provide a balanced, broadly based curriculum which
promotes spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development which prepares them for
opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of adult life. It includes religious education It
also includes sex and career education for secondary students.
27. 27. The National Curriculum core subjects include English, Mathematics, and Science
* other statutory areas are religious education (format decided by Local Education Authorities or
by the faith in which the school was founded) Stages: a. Foundational Stagethis is included
in the National Curriculum which covers children aged 3 5 years but does not have a strong
mandate as to what needs to happen during these years of schooling as it is not yet mandatory.
b. Key Stage One*it includes children aged 5 7 years and year groups grades 1 2. It
mandates core subjects including English, Mathematics and Science, and non-core foundation
subjects as design/technology, history, art/design, music and physical education.
28. 28. Stages: c. Key Stage Twoit includes children aged 7 to 11 and year groups 3 - 6.
It mandates the same core and non-core foundational subjects, with more emphasis on more
difficult topics and the addition of sex education. d. Key Stage Threeit includes children aged
11 14 years and year groups grades 7 9. It mandates the same basics in Key Stages One
and Two but adds foreign language, and information/Communication Technology to the mix
while adding appropriate difficulty to the core subjects.
29. 29. Stages: e. Key Stage Fourit includes those aged 14 to 16 and year groups 10
11. It covers the statutory program of study that must be taught to all students. Most schools
include in their core curriculum courses that lead to qualifications in each of the five subject
areas which are English, Math, Science, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and
Physical Education. f. Post 16 Educationit is not mandatory. Students can either continue
education or enter the working world. Some secondary schools go beyond the 11 18 mandate
to 11 18 and the student may stay there. If the HS does not offer these Sixth Form extra
years, the students may go to a Further Education College (FEC)
30. 30. The following certificates or diploma can be awarded in the post 16 education: a.
General Certificate of Education (GCE), a level comprising Advanced Subsidiary (AS) and A2,
each of these usually containing three assessed units. b. Vocational Certificate of Education
(VCE)- a level , dealing with the more applied aspects of the subject; they are available in three,
six , and twelve units sizes ; they replaced the advanced General National Vocational
Qualifications (GNVQs). c. Foundation and Intermediate GNVQ are wisely used 16-19 d. Key
skills qualifications at levels 1-4 of the National Qualifications framework.
31. 31. Universities are not only concerned with the undergraduate and postgraduate
teaching. Needs to include reference to the Open University as a major provider of the
undergraduate and postgraduate degrees for adults. Undergraduate degrees are not permitted
to place B.A or B.Sc. after their names o Programs in universities usually 3-yr courses. o
Honors degree programs usually 4-yr courses o Masters degree is usually achieved after 2
more years study following an Ordinary or Honor degree o Doctorate is normally awarded after
several years (3 yrs full time) of research.
32. 32. Levels of education are similar to those in other countries. There are public and
private colleges, schools and universities. Public schools are funded by a city/state/federal
government. Students living in the city/state pay less tuition because some tax money is used
to subsidize the tuition. Private colleges and universities are supported primarily by tuition and
private contributions All students must pay the same tuition no matter where they come from.
33. 33. 1. Pre-primary Educationtype of school that provides kindergarten, nursery
schools, pre-school programmes, child/day care centers. -- age level is 4 6 years old and the
duration is 2 years. 2. Primary Education (Elementary School) a) Grades 1 to 4 --> children
are from ages 6 to 10; transition to Middle School. b) Grades 1 to 5 --> children are from ages 6
to 11; transition to Middle School. c) Grades 1 to 6 --> children are from ages 6 to 12; transition
to Junior High School d) Grades 1 to 7 --> children are from ages 6 to 14; transition to Junior
High School.
34. 34. 3. Middle School EducationGrades 4 to 6, 5 to 7, or 6 to 8 -- age level is from 10 to
14. -- length of the program is 3 years 4. Secondary Education (High School)Grades 7 to 12
or 8 to 12 -- ages 12 to 18 years old. -- HS Diploma is awarded. -- two levels: Junior HS and
Grades 7 to 8, 7 to 9, or 8 to 9 -- ages 12 to 14 years old: Senior HS Grades 9 to 12, or 10 to 12
ages 14 to 18 years old. Duration of compulsory education is from entry of 6 years old to exit
of 18 years old.
35. 35. Professional Schools Associate of Arts Colleges Baccalaureate (Liberal Arts)
Colleges (I and II) Masters (Comprehensive) Universities and Colleges (I and II) Doctorate-
granting universities (I and II) Research Universities (I and II) Classification according to the
following categories: Data states that there are some 2, 819 institutions offering Bachelors or
higher degrees and 4, 927 institutions offering shorter non-degrees of 2 years duration. o
Begins at the post secondary education. o It is a diverse and autonomous community of publicly
and privately supported institutions. & Postsecondary Vocational and Technical SchoolsOther
Specialized Institutions
36. 36. Masters (Comprehensive) Universities and Colleges (I and II)institutions offering
academic and professional programmes at the Bachelors and Masters level but do not award
research doctorate Doctorate-granting universities (I and II)universities offering
comprehensive studies but awards Doctorate in limited field of areas. Research Universities (I
and II)Comprehensive doctorate granting institutions that have extensive theoretical and
applied research in a wide variety of programs. Classification according to the following
categories:
37. 37. Postsecondary Vocational and Technical SchoolsInstitutions offering short non-
degree training Professional School and Other Specialized Institutions institutions that offer
only one or few related courses in the professional or academic wit degree levels from associate
to research doctorates. Associate of Arts Colleges (I and II)they offer academic and
professional or occupational studies at the Associate Degree level including Public Community
Colleges and Public and Private Junior Colleges. Baccalaureate (Liberal Arts) Colleges (I and
II)institutions offering Bachelors degrees but not higher. Classification according to the
following categories: programs of less than 2 years duration, leading to certificates or diplomas
in occupational specialties.
38. 38. 5. Post Secondary Educationthere is no real age categories for post secondary
education. Generally, American students start college right after completing high school.
Vocational and Technical schools operate at either in the HS or Junior College Levels. 6.
College and University Educationa college usually has a Bachelors program. -- a university
may be composed of several colleges. -- university often have graduate programs as well -- the
value of a degree is a reflection of how society views the particular college or university. o
Classes begin in September and end in June of every year. o Language of instruction is English.