Autocad 2009. Учебный Курс

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1. ..................................................................575
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3. - .................................................678

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1. AutoCAD 2009. ............................................15

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AutoCAD DesignCenter ......................................................57
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Aerial View .............................................. 140
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13. AutoCAD ............................342

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1
AutoCAD 2009.

AutoCAD

AutoCAD
16 1. AutoCAD 2009.

AutoCAD , .
AutoCAD 2009
Windows :
Intel Pentium IV;
: Microsoft Windows XP Professional Home Edition
( SP1 SP2), Windows XP Tablet PC Edition (SP2)
Windows 2000 (SP3 SP4).
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StartProgramsAutodeskAutoCAD 2009;
Windows AutoCAD 2009.
AutoCAD .
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Description. AutoCAD ,
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AutoCAD Startup (. 1.1).
. 1.1.
Startup , -
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Open a Drawing .
, ,
AutoCAD. , ,
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Start from Scratch ,
Default Settings: ( )
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Imperial (feet and inches) , -
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Metric ,
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18 1. AutoCAD 2009.
Use a Template ,
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Options. ,
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Select a Wizard: -
AutoCAD Advanced Setup
Quick Setup:
Advanced Setup
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Units Angle, Angle
Measure Angle Direction,
Area;
Quick Setup -
AutoCAD:
Units Area.
Startup
AutoCAD .
AutoCAD Create New
Drawing.

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AutoCAD Multiple Design
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OPEN AutoCAD
Select File (. 1.2).
File name:.
Preview -
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20 1. AutoCAD 2009.
. 1.2.
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Partial Open ( ), Partial Open Read-Only ( -
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Select File, Shift Ctrl.
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Find,
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ToolsFind.
. 1.3.
Name & Location Find ,

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AutoCAD ,
Date Modified Find (. 1.4).
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. 1.4.
22 1. AutoCAD 2009.
, AutoCAD ,
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Drawing . 1.5.
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Create New Drawing Use a Template Select a Template:
(. 1.6).
AutoCAD Wizard
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24 1. AutoCAD 2009.
. 1.6.
Create New Drawing

Use a Wizard , . 1.7.
. 1.7.
QuickSetup (. 1.8) -
Units Area. -
: Decimal,
Engineering, Architectural, Fractional,
Scientific.
Width Length ,
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25
. 1.8.
Advanced Setup (. 1.9) -

Units Angle,
Angle Measure Angle
Direction, Area.
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. 1.9.
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26 1. AutoCAD 2009.

LIMITS
. FormatDraw-
ing Limits. AutoCAD :
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LIMITS:
Reset Model space limits:
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <current>:
Specify upper right corner <current>:

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Enter.
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Display Options.

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N4 1.
27

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Snap and
Grid Drafting Settings (. 1.10), -
ToolsDrafting Settings...
Settings... ,
Grid Display .
. 1.10.
Grid On (F7). Grid spacing -

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X Y. Grid X spacing: Grid
Y spacing: . Major line every:
.
Grid behavior : Adaptive grid ,
Allow subdivision below grid spacing ,
Display grid beyond Limits , Follow Dynamic UCS -
.
28 1. AutoCAD 2009.

Grid Display F7.

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N5 1.

SNAP -

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X Y.
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Snap and Grid Drafting Settings,
Settings... ,
Snap Mode (. . 1.10).
Snap On (F9). Snap
spacing .
Snap X spacing: Snap Y spacing: .
Equal X and Y spacing X Y. -
Polar spacing .
Snap type. Grid snap
(Rectangular snap , Isometric snap ), PolarSnap -
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Snap Mode -
F9.
N6 1 L4 2.
29

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PolarSnap . . 1.10. Polar spacing
Polar distance: .

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30 1. AutoCAD 2009.
. 1.11.
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ToolsDrafting
Settings... Snap and Grid Drafting Settings -
Snap type Isometric snap . . 1.10.

AutoCAD -
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Drawing Units, . 1.12.
FormatUnits.... Length Type:
Precision: , Angle
Type: Precision: . Clockwise
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Architectural ;
Decimal ;
Engineering ;
Fractional ;
Scientific .

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31
. 1.12.
:
Decimal Degrees ;
Deg/Min/Sec //;
Grads ;
Radians ;
Surveyor's Units .
Direction.... -
Direction Control . 1.13.
. 1.13.
, AutoCAD
. .
32 1. AutoCAD 2009.
East , North ,
West , South Other .
Angle:,
,
.

QSAVE FileSave
Save CTRL+S .
QSAVE ,
. -
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SAVE SAVEAS
. SAVE , SAVEAS
FileSave As....
File name: Save Drawing As . 1.14.
. 1.14.
BAK DWG.
BAK- .
DWG. ,
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33
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Files of type: Save Drawing As AutoCAD
Drawing Template (*.dwt).

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Open and Save Options.
ToolsOptions.... -
Automatic save File Safety Precautions -
Minutes between saves.

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Plot Model (. 1.16). PLOT,
34 1. AutoCAD 2009.
FilePlot... Plot (CTRL+P)

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. 1.16.
Plot Model .
Page setup . Add
.
Printer/plotter :
Name: ;
Properties ;
Plot to file .
Paper size .
Number of copies .
Plot area : Display ,
Limits , Window , .
Plot offset (origin set to printable area) -
X Y, .
Plot scale :
Fit to paper ;
Scale: ;
Scale lineweights .
AutoCAD 35
Plot style table (pen assignments)
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Shaded viewport options -
:
Shade plot ( , , ; 3D--
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Quality (, , , ,
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Plot options :
Plot in background ;
Plot object lineweights ;
Plot with plot styles ;
Plot paperspace last ;
Hide paperspace objects ;
Plot stamp on ;
Save changes to layout .
Drawing orientation :
Portrait ;
Landscape ;
Plot upside-down .
Preview .
AutoCAD
AutoCAD QUIT, -
FileExit CTRL+Q.
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AutoCAD (. 1.17),
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. 1.17.
2

AutoCAD

AutoCAD DesignCenter

2. AutoCAD 37
. 2.1. AutoCAD Windows.
. 2.1. AutoCAD
:
Menu Browser ,
A (. 2.2);
:
Standard Styles
;
Workspaces, Layers Properties
;
Draw, Modify
;
Tool Palettes -
;
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38 2. AutoCAD
. 2.2.

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Customize User Interface Customize,
Customizatios in All CUI Files Menus (. 2.3). -
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Dimension -
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41
. 2.5.
All : Locked , Unlocked ;

Help .
,
Ctrl.
N2 N3 1.

Standard . 2.6.
. 2.6.
42 2. AutoCAD
:
QNew ;
Open (Ctrl+) ;
Save (Ctrl+S) ;
Plot (Ctrl+P) , ;
Plot Preview ,
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Publish Design Web Format
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3DDWF Design Web Format
(DWF);
Cut (Ctrl+X) ;
Copy (Ctrl+C) Windows
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Paste (Ctrl+V) Windows;
Match Properties ;
Block Editor ;
Undo (Ctrl+Z) ;
Redo (Ctrl+Y) ;
Pan Realtime -
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Zoom Realtime
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Zoom ,

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Zoom Previous ;
Properties (Ctrl+1) ;
DesignCenter (Ctrl+2) , ,
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Tool Palettes Window (Ctrl+3)
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43
Sheet Set Manager (Ctrl+4) ,

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Markup Set Manager (Ctrl+7) , -
DWF;
QuickCalc (Ctrl+8) ;
Help .

Styles, . 2.7,
, .
. 2.7.
:
Text Style -
;
Dimension Style
;
Table Style
;
Multileader Style -
-.

Workspaces, . 2.8,
.
. 2.8.
44 2. AutoCAD
, -
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AutoCAD :
2D Drafting & Annotation (. 2.9);
3D Modeling (. 2.10);
AutoCAD Classic AutoCAD (. . 2.1).
. 2.9.
, Workspaces -
:
Save Current As Save Workspace,
;
Workspace settings Workspace Settings, -

;
Customize Customize User Interface, -
.
Workspaces :
Workspace Settings Workspace Settings, -

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My Workspace -
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45
. 2.10.
3D Modeling , -
. -
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. Model Lauout
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Model Lauout.
N1 1.

Layers, . 2.11, .
. 2.11.
46 2. AutoCAD
:
Layer Properties Manager Layer Properties
Manager;
Layer Control
. -
, . -
( ):
Turn a layer On or Off / ;
Freeze or thaw in ALL viewports /
;
Freeze or thaw in current viewport / -
;
Lock or Unlock a layer / ;
Color of layer ;
Layer Control .
Make Object's Layer Current
;
Layer Previous ;
Layer States Manager Layer States Manager.

Properties, . 2.12,
, .
. 2.12.
:
Color Control
, ;
Line Type Control -
, ;
Line Weight Control
() , -
;
Plot Styles Control -
. .
47
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(. 2.13) .
. 2.13.
, /-
:
Snap Mode ;
Grid Display ;
Ortho Mode ;
Polar Tracking ;
Object Snap ;
Object Snap Tracking
;
Allow/Disallow Dynamic UCS -
;
Dynamic Input ;
Show/Hide Lineweight
();
Quick Properties ;
Model or Paper space
;
Quick View Layouts ;
Quick View Drawins ;
Pan ;
Zoom ;
SteeringWheel Wheel;
ShowMotion Motion.
48 2. AutoCAD
/
(. 2.14). -

Status Bar menu , -
.
. 2.14.
Tray Settings Tray Settings (. 2.15), -

:
Display icons from services ;
Display notifications from services :
Display time ;
Display until closed .
. 2.15.

;
AutoCAD. , -
49
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(. 2.16). ,
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. 2.16.
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AutoCAD.
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Ctrl+C, , Ctrl+V,
.

AutoCAD ,
50 2. AutoCAD
, ,
, Options.

(command history) , ,
. 2.18. F2
TEXTSCR, ViewDisplayText Window F2.
. 2.18.
: , -
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, , , , Page Up .

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.

AutoCAD 2009 .
Display Options,
51
ToolsOptions....
Display screen menu Window Elements.
AutoCAD .
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AutoCAD.
N9 1.

-
:
F1 AutoCAD;
F2 ;
F3 Ctrl+F /
OSNAP;
F4 TABMODE;
F5 Ctrl+E ;
F6 Ctrl+D / ,
UCSDETECT;
F7 Ctrl+G / GRID,
GRIDMODE;
F8 Ctrl+L /
ORTHO, ORTHOMODE;
F9 Ctrl+B / SNAP,
SNAPMODE;
F10 / POLAR;
F11 /
OTRACK;
F12 / DYN;
Esc Ctrl+[, Ctrl+\ ;
Enter, Ctrl+M Ctrl+J ;
Ctrl+A ;
ALT+ F11 Visual Basic;
ALT+ F8 Macros;
Ctrl+C Windows;
Ctrl+H / PICKSTYLE;
52 2. AutoCAD
Ctrl+I / COORDS;
Ctrl+N , Create New
Drawing;
Ctrl+O Select
File;
Ctrl+P , Plot
Model;
Ctrl+R ;
Ctrl+S ;
Ctrl+T ;
Ctrl+V ;
Ctrl+X
;
Ctrl+Y ;
Ctrl+Z ;
Ctrl+ Shitf+A / ;
Ctrl+ Shitf+C ;
Ctrl+ Shitf+S Save Drawing As;
Ctrl+ Shitf+V ;
Ctrl+ Page Up ;
Ctrl+ Page Down ;
Ctrl+0 / ;
Ctrl+1 / ;
Ctrl+2 / DesignCenter;
Ctrl+3 / ;
Ctrl+4 / ;
Ctrl+5 / INFO;
Ctrl+6 / ,
dbConnect Manager;
Ctrl+7 / ;
Ctrl+8 / ;
Ctrl+9 / .

-
.
53
;
,
(. . 2.4, 2.19).
.
. 2.19.
-
:

. ,
, , , , -
, , -
Options;
- .
, ,
;
-
Shift.
;

. ,
.
;
.
, ;
54 2. AutoCAD
OLE -
OLE-. ,
OLE-.
, OLE ,
. , -
.
Enter.
.
AutoCAD, ,
:

-
. /
;

. , -
, ,
;

. , , -
,
,
;

, ,
. -
;
Model/Layout -
Model Layout.
, .

TOOLPALETTES
ToolsPalettesTool Palettes (CTRL+3)
Tool Palettes Window (Ctrl+3) -
.
, -
Tool Palettes (. 2.20),
, ,
.
55
. 2.20.

:

-
;
-
(
Microsoft Windows NT);
.

. ,
Ctrl.
.
c ,
.
56 2. AutoCAD
, , .
, , ,
.
, , -
.
, .
-

. ,
, ,
1:100.
1:100.
:
, -
. ,
;
;
-
Cut , Copy Paste
;
Command List:
Customize User Interface.
. -
, ,
, Create Tool
Palette.
-
.
, ,
Read only.
AutoCAD. -
XTP.
,
, ,
Properties.
Tool Properties
(. 2.21):
;
, ;
, , .
AutoCAD DesignCenter 57
. 2.21.
AutoCAD DesignCenter
-
: , --
,
, . AutoCAD -

. ,
, ,
( ),
AutoCAD DesignCenter.
, ,
, , , -
. ,
.
DesignCenter
:
, -
;
58 2. AutoCAD
, ,
, , , -
;
,
;
;
.
AutoCAD ADCENTER, -
ToolsPalettesDesignCenter (Ctrl+2),
DesignCenter (Ctrl+2) (. 2.22).

, , ,
, , . -
AutoCAD , :
. -
.
. 2.22. DesignCenter
, DesignCenter,
, -
.
, -
. , -
.
.
59
:
Folders , .
, , ,
;
Open Drawings , ,
. , , ,
, , ,
;
History , ,
. -
Folders
;
DC Online - ,
-, , ,
-.

-
, .
,
.

, ,
, , AutoCAD, -
,
.
,
.
, ,
,
, -
.
,
. ,
.
AutoCAD
:
,

;
60 2. AutoCAD
,
. -
, ;

( AutoCAD),
. -
,
.
-
AutoCAD
, , -
. Search,
Search . 2.23.
. 2.23.
, -
. , -
. ,
, , -
. ,
, ( ), -
, Look for Drawings and Blocks. -
.
In Browse... -
. , ,
61
Search
subfolders.
Look for Drawings, Search -
, :
Drawings , , .
, ( -
, . .);
Date Modified
. during
the previous N month(s) N during the previous
N day(s) N . AutoCAD
;
Advanced . , , -
, (
, , -
). ,
.
, .
(* ?).
Look for , Drawings,
Search :
Blocks ;
Dimstyles ;
Drawings and Blocks ;
Hatch Pattern Files ;
Hatch Patterns ;
Layers ;
Layouts ;
Linetypes ;
Tablestyles ;
Textstyles ;
Xrefs .
Search Now. -
.
New
Search.
.
, -
, . -
.
62 2. AutoCAD
-
AutoCAD -
, :
Folders ;
Open Drawings , AutoCAD;
History 20 ,
AutoCAD;
DC Online .
AutoCAD

. ,
,
.
,
. ,
.
AutoCAD, ,
.
, AutoCAD :
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3

AutoCAD

64 3. AutoCAD

AutoCAD, .
. ,
, .
, .
AutoCAD
Options, ToolsOptions... -
, -
. Options 10 , .
Files Options, . 3.1,

, , ,
, AutoCAD.
,
.
Search paths, file names, and file locations: -
:
Support File Search Path ;
Working Support File Search Path -
;
Device Driver File Search Path ;
Project Files Search Path ;
Customization Files ;
Help and Miscellaneous File Names .;
Text Editor, Dictionary, and Font File Names ,
;
Print File, Spooler, and Prolog Section Names ,
;
Printer Support File Path ;
Automatic Save File Location ;
Color Book Locations ;
Data Sources Location ;
Template Settings ;
Tool Palettes File Locations ;
Authoring Palette File Locations ;
Log File Location ;
65
. 3.1.
Plot and Publish Log File Location /-

;
Temporary Drawing File Location ;
Temporary External Reference File Location
;
Texture Maps Search Path ;
Web File Search Path -;
i-drop Associated File Location .

Display Options, . 3.2, -
AutoCAD.
66 3. AutoCAD
. 3.2.
Window Elements -
:
Color Scheme: ;
Display scroll bars in drawing window /
;
Display Drawing status bar /
;
Display screen menu / ;
Use large buttons for Toolbars
16 15 24 22 ;
Show ToolTips /
;
Show shortcut keys in ToolTips / -
;
Colors... Drawing Window Colors,
AutoCAD (. 3.3):
Context: ,
: 2D model space , Sheet/
layout , 3D parallel projection ,
67
3D perspective projection , Block
editor , Command line , Plot preview
;
Interface element: ,
. -
, , ,
, , ,
, , , ,
, , / ,
. -
, , ,
, , -
. -
, , , -
, ,
, .
, , , -
, , , -
, , , ,
. . -
;
Color: ;
Restore current element ;
Restore current context ;
Restore all contexts ;
Preview: ;
Fonts... Command Line Window Font,
(. 3.4). -
: Font: , Font Style: Size:
. Sample Command Line Font
.
Layout elements
:
Display Layout and Model tabs Layout
Model;
Display printable area -
;
Display paper background ;
Display paper shadow ;
Show Page Setup Manager for new layouts
;
Create viewport in new layouts
.
68 3. AutoCAD
. 3.3. AutoCAD
. 3.4.
Display resolution :
Arc and circle smoothness ;
Segments in a polyline curve ;
Rendered object smoothness -
;
Contour lines per surface .
69
Display performance
:
Pan and zoom with raster & OLE
.
RTDISPLAY;
Highlight raster image frame only -
.
. -
IMAGEHLT;
Apply solid fill
. .
FILLMODE;
Show text boundary frame only .
.
QTEXTMODE;
Draw true silhouettes for solids and surfaces -
.
. -
DISPSILH.
Crosshair size
.
Reference Edit fading intensity -
.
N7N15 1.

Open and Save Options
. 3.5.
.
File Save :
Save As: ;
Thumbnail Preview Setings
(. 3.6), .
Save a thumbnail preview image .
Generate Sheet, Sheet View and Model View Thumbnails
/. -
Perfomance Accuracy ;
70 3. AutoCAD
. 3.5.
Incremental save percentage -

.
File Safety Precautions
:
Automatic save ;
Minutes between saves -
;
Create backup copy with each save ;
Full-time CRC validation
;
Maintain a log file ;
File extension for temporary files
;
Security Options , -
,
;
Display digital signature information
.
71
. 3.6.
File Open : Number of recently-used files

, , Display full path in title
.
External References (Xrefs) -
:
Demand load Xrefs: -
. : Disabled , Enabled -
Enabled with copy ;
Retain changes to Xref layers ;
Allow other users to Refedit current drawing
.
ObjectARX Applications -
:
Demand load ObjectARX apps: -
: Disable load on demand
, Custom object detect , Command
72 3. AutoCAD
invoke Object detect and command invoke

;
Proxy images for custom objects:
: Do not show proxy graphics
, Show proxy graphics Show proxy bound-
ing box ;
Show Proxy Information dialog box: -
.
N16 1.

Plot and Publish Options
. 3.7.
. 3.7.
73
Default plot settings for new drawings
:
Use as default output device ;
Use last successful plot settings -
;
Add or Configure Plotters .
Plot to file , -
,
.
Background processing options
: Plotting ,
Publishing .
Plot and publish log file :
Automatically save plot and publish ;
Save one continuous plot log ;
Save one log per plot .
Auto publish :
Automatic DWF Publish DWF-;
Automatic DWF Publish Settings Auto
Publish Options.
General plot options -
:
Keep the layout paper size if possible ( )
;
Use the plot device paper size
;
System printer spool alert:
:
Always alert (and log errors) ( );
Alert first time only (and log errors) (
);
Never alert (and log first error) ( );
Never alert (do not log errors) ( );
OLE plot quality: OLE-:
Monochrome (e.g. spreadsheet) (, );
Low graphics (e.g. color text !& pie charts) (,
);
High graphics (e.g. photograph) (, -
);
Automatically select ;
74 3. AutoCAD
Use OLE application when plotting OLE objects OLE-

OLE-;
Hide system printers .
Specify plot offset relative to -
:
Printable area ;
Edge of paper .
Plot Stamp Settings Plot Stamp,
(. 3.8):
Plot stamp fields :
Drawing name ;
Layout name ;
Date and Time ;
Login name ;
Device name ;
Paper size ;
Plot scale ;
Preview ;
User defined fields .
Add/Edit User Defined Fields,
;
Plot stamp parameter file .
Load Save As ;
Advanced Advanced Options (. 3.9),
:
Location and offset : Location:
( , ,
); Orientation: ( );
Stamp upside-down ; X offset X;
Y offset Y; Offset relative to printable area -
; Offset relative to paper border -
;
Text properties . Font: ;
Height: ; Single line plot stamp ;
Plot stamp units (,
);
Log file Location .
Create a log file ; Browse -
.
75
. 3.8.
. 3.9.
Plot Style Table Settings ,

(. 3.10):
Default plot style behavior for new drawing -
:
Use color dependent plot styles ;
Use named plot styles ;
76 3. AutoCAD
Current plot style table settings

:
Default plot style table ;
Default plot style for layer 0:
0;
Default plot style for objects:
;
Add or Edit Plot Style Tables .
. 3.10.

AutoCAD System
Options . 3.11.
3D Perfomance -
. Perfomance Settings Adaptive Degradation
and Peromance Tuning (. 3.12), :
Adaptive degradation -
:
Degrade when FPS is below: ,
, ;
Degradation order: . -
, (, -
; ; ; ;
77
. 3.11.
; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; -
; ; ; ;
). ;
Learn about adaptive degradation
;
Hardware and performance tuning -
.

;
View Tune Log ;
Manual Tune Manual Perfomance Tuning
(. 3.13), :
Enable hardware acceleration ;
Driver name: ; -
( ,
, , ).
: Discard back faces
; Transparency quality: (,
78 3. AutoCAD
, ). Dynamic
tessellation : Surfaces:
, Curves: ; Number of
tessellations to cache: .
Reset to Recommended Values -
;
Check for Updates .
. 3.12.
Current Pointing Device ,

: Digitizer only , Digitizer
and mouse .
Layout Regen Options :
Regen when switching layouts ;
Cache model tab and last layout ;
Cache model tab and all layouts .
dbConnect Options
:
Store Links index in drawing file ;
Open tables in read-only mode .
General Options :
Display OLE Text Size Dialog OLE-
;
Beep on error in user input -
;
79
. 3.13.
Load acad.lsp with every drawing acad.lsp -

;
Allow long symbol names .
Live Enabler Options :
Check Wed for Live Enablers ;
Maximum number of unsuccessful checks
.

User Preferences Options -
(. 3.14).
80 3. AutoCAD
. 3.14.
Windows Standard Behavior

Windows:
Double click editing ;
Shortcut menus in drawing area
;
Right-click Customizations
, ,
(. 3.15):
Turn on time-sensitive right-click : Quick
click for ENTER ENTER; Longer click
to display Shortcut Menu ;
Longer click duration: ;
Default Mode . -
, : Repeat Last Command
, Shortcut Menu ;
Edit Mode .
, : Repeat Last Command -
, Shortcut Menu ;
Command Mode . -
, : ENTER, Shortcut Menu: always
81
enabled , Shortcut Menu: enabled when
command options are present , ,
.
. 3.15.
Insertion scale . -
, :
Source content units: (, , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , -
, , , );
Target drawing units: (, , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , -
, , , ).
Fields :
Display background of fields ;
Field Update Settings , -
(. 3.16):
Open ;
Save ;
Plot ;
eTransmit ;
Regen .
82 3. AutoCAD
. 3.16.
Priority for Coordinate Data Entry -

:
Running object snap ;
Keyboard entry ;
Keyboard entry except scripts ( ).
Associative Dimensioning .
Hyperlink ,
.
Undo/Redo , -
.
Lineweight Settings , -
(. 3.17):
Lineweights ;
Units for Listing : Millimeters (mm) , Inches
(in) ;
Display Lineweight . -
Default ;
Adjust Display Scale .
. 3.17.
83
Edit Scale List ,
(. 3.18).
. 3.18.
Drafting Options, . 3.19,

.
AutoSnap Settings -
:
Marker ;
Magnet ;
Display AutoSnap tooltip ;
Display AutoSnap aperture box ;
Colors Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),
.
AutoSnap Marker Size .
Object Snap Options :
Ignore hatch objects ;
Replace Z value with current elevation Z -
;
Ignore negative Z object snaps for Dynamic UCS -
Z.
84 3. AutoCAD
. 3.19.
AutoTrack Settings -
:
Display polar tracking vector -
;
Display full-screen tracking vector -
;
Display AutoTrack tooltip .
Alignment Point Acquisition -
:
Automatic ;
Shift to acquire Shift.
Aperture Size .
Drafting Tooltip Settings Tooltip Appearance
(. 3.20), :
Model Preview -
;
Layout Preview -
;
85
Colors Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),

;
Size ;
Transparency ;
Override OS settings for all drafting tooltips
;
Use settings only for Dynamic Input tooltips
.
. 3.20.
Lights Glyph Settings Light Glyph Appearance

(. 3.21), :
Glyph Preview -
: Point , Spot ;
Edit Glyph Colors Drawing Window Colors
(. . 3.3),
;
Glyph Size: .
Cameras Glyph Settings Camera Glyph
Appearance (. 3.22), :
Edit Glyph Colors Drawing Window Colors
(. . 3.3),
;
Glyph Size: .
86 3. AutoCAD
. 3.21.
. 3.22.
3D Modeling -
Options, . 3.23, .
87
. 3.23.
3D Crosshairs :
Show Z axis in crosshairs Z ;
Label axes in standard crosshairs ;
Show labels for dynamic UCS ;
Crosshair labels : Use X, Y,
Z X, Y, Z; Use N, E, z N, E, z; Use custom labels
.
Display ViewCube or UCS Icon
:
Display UCS Icon in 2D model space
;
Display in 3D model space -
.
Display Input :
Show Z field for pointer input Z.
3D Objects :
Visual Style while creating 3D objects
: ByViewport ,
88 3. AutoCAD
2D Wireframe , 3D Hidden ,
3D Wireframe , Conceptual , Realistic
;
Deletion control while creating 3D objects
:
Retain defining geometry ;
Delete profile curves ;
Delete profile and path curves -
;
Prompt to delete profile curves -
;
Prompt to delete profile and path curves ;
U isolines on surfaces and meshes U- -
;
V isolines on surfaces and meshes V- -
.
3D Navigation :
Reverse mouse wheel zoom ;
Walk and Fly Walk and Fly Settings
(. 3.24), :
Settings : When entering walk and
fly modes , Once per session
, Never . Display Position Locator window
;
Current drawing settigs -
: Walk/fly step size: / -
, Steps per second: ;
. 3.24.
89
Animation Animation Settings (. 3.25),

:
Settings : Visual style: (,
; , , -
, ; , , , , -
), Resolution: , Frame rate (FPS): -
, Format: .
. 3.25.

Selection Options,
. 3.26, .
Pickbox Size .
Selection Preview
:
When a command is active ;
When no command is active ;
Visual Effect Settings
(. 3.27), :
Selection Preview Effect
: Dash , Thicken , Both
. Advanced Options Advanced
Preview Options (. 3.28), -
: Exclude
objects on locked layers .
: Xrefs , Tables , Groups ,
Multiline text , Hatches ;
Area Selection Effect : Indicate
selection area , Window selection color: -
, Crossing selection color: ,
Selection area opacity: .
90 3. AutoCAD
. 3.26.
. 3.27.
. 3.28.
91
Selection Modes :
Noun/verb selection ;
Use Shift to add to selection Shift ;
Press and drag ;
Implied windowing ;
Object grouping ;
Associative Hatch .
Grip Size .
Grips :
Unselected grip color: ;
Selected grip color: ;
Hover grip color: ;
Enable grips ;
Enable grips within blocks ;
Enable grip tips ;
Object selection limit for display of grips
.

Profiles Options -
(. 3.29). -
AutoCAD, . -
; .
, , -
. AutoCAD
Unnamed Profile. -
Options.
Profiles :
Available Profiles:
;
Set Current
;
Add to List... ;
Renane ;
Delete ;
Export...
ARG-;
92 3. AutoCAD
. 3.29.
Import...
ARG-;
Reset .
4

94 4.

AutoCAD , -
- . AutoCAD
, LIMITS. ,
, AutoCAD -
:
** Outside limits
.

14 .
AutoCAD :
, ;
(), -
. -
.
, , , -
. -
:
,
;
,
;
, <,

, .

COORDS. 0 -
, 1 , 2 .
(, -
) ID.
,
.
-
LIST.
. -
, ,
. -
.
95
:
,
X Y.
F8, Ortho Mode ;
,
X Y. -
F9, Snap Mode .
,
.
-
. AutoCAD
, World Coordinate System (WCS). ,
OX , OY , OZ -
, . ,
, User Coordinate System
(UCS), /
.
, .
. AutoCAD
, , ,
.
(*).

, ,
.

Dynamic Input.
:
;
.
-
Drafting Settings, Dynamic Input (. 4.1), -
ToolsDrafting Settings -
Dynamic Input Settings.
.
Enable Pointer Input .
Enable Dimension Input where possible , .
96 4.
. 4.1.
Pointer Input Settings... Pointer

Input Settings (. 4.2),
:
Format
:
Polar format ;
Cartesian format ;
Relative coordinates ;
Absolute coordinates ;
Visibility :
As soon as I type coordinate data
;
When a command asks for a point
;
Always even when not in command , .
Dimension Input Settings...
Dimension Input Settings (. 4.3), -
:
Show only 1 dimension input field at a time
;
97
. 4.2.
Show 2 dimension input fields at a time

;
Show the following dimension input fields simultaneously: -
:
Resulting Dimension ;
Length Change ;
Absolute Angle ;
Angle Change ;
Arc Radius .
Dynamic Prompts :
Show command prompting and command input near the crosshairs
;

( ).
Drafting Tooltip Appearance Tooltip Appearance
(. 4.4), :
Model Preview ;
Layout Preview ;
Colors Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3);
Size ;
Transparency ;
98 4.
. 4.3.
Override OS settings for all drafting tooltips

;
Use settings only for Dynamic Input tooltips
;
Options , Drafting
(. . 3.19).
. 4.4.
99

,
, -
TAB .
, -
.
, #.

XY, -
.
.
:
() . -

: X, Y Z.
, (+ -).

World Coordinate System (WCS), , X -
, Y , Z XY;
. , -
, , -
,
. .
0 OX.
.

: @dx,dy , @r<A -
.
, -
.
.
, (. 4.5).
LINE,
DrawLine Line Draw.
:
_LINE
Specify rst point: 40,20 1
100 4.
Specify next point or [Undo]: 190,20 2

Specify next point or [Undo]: 190,100 3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 130,40 4
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 130,100 5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close
. 4.5.
L1 2.
.
, . 4.5, -
.
LINE,
DrawLine Line Draw.
( @ -
Shift+2):
_LINE
Specify next point or [Undo]: @150,0 2 -
1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,80 3 -
2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-60,-60 4 -
3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,60 5
4
L2 2.
101
.
, (. . 4.5).
LINE,
DrawLine Line Draw.
:
_LINE
Specify next point or [Undo]: @150<0 2 1
Specify next point or [Undo]: @80<90 3 2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @85<-135 4 -
3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @60<90 5
4
L3 2.

,
. -
, ,
, ARRAY, -
MEASURE DIVIDE.
-
. ,
,
.
.

, -
X Y Z.
-
, , -
.
102 4.

. x, y z -
World Coordinate System (WCS),
User Coordinate System (UCS).

AutoCAD -
. Z -
X Y, -
.

-
X, Y. -
, . 4.6 , -
Z.
. 4.6.

, . 4.6 .
, .

(x, y, z) (x, y).
X Y
103
Z. AutoCAD ,
x y, , z -
( THICKNESS). -

, :
3,5,2
, , -
( ),
( ). -
@ , -
.

. , z
Z, XY.
( -
) XY, X
XY. .
. 4.7 7<30,5.
7 XY, 30 X
XY Z, 5.
, , -
.
. 4.7.
104 4.
.
-
, . , ,
.
3DPOLY .
_3DPOLY
Specify start point of polyline: 0,0,0 1
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: @40<45,20 2
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: @40<135,20 3
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<-135,20 4
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<45,20 6
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<135,20 7
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: Close -
,
.
,
. , -
@40<45,20 , -
( ), Enter.
:
, -
Backspace.

. -
, X XY
XY. <. -
.
. 4.8 7<30<45. -
7 , 30 X XY
45 XY.
105
. 4.8.
.

, , . ., -
, .
3DPOLY ,
, 50 .
_3DPOLY
Specify start point of polyline: 50<20<-20 1
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 50<30<5 2
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 50<15<20 3
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 50<-15<20 4
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 50<-30<5 5
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: Close

-
. -

. ,
.
:
<>
106 4.
<> x, y, z .
: .x, .y, .z, .xy, .xz .yz. , ,
.x, AutoCAD Y Z.
-
.
, AutoCAD : World
Coordinate System, WCS, User Coordinate
System, UCS. X ,
Y , Z XY.
X Y;
.
, . -
.
-
, (
) .
.

. , -
.
, .
.
.
, -
SNAP, GRID ORTHO,
.
XY
. -
.
, -
, ,
.
XY -
X Y. -
, .

UCSICON. , ,
, (. 4.9).
107
. 4.9.

(. 4.10).
. 4.10.
(+)
. -
/
,
. -
, -
.
,
XY .
-
z, .

: ,
.

:
XY Z;
;
108 4.
;
;
;
;
XY
Z ;
;
;
.
, ,
UCS. -

ToolsNew UCS.
UCS . 4.11.
. 4.11. UCS
UCS . -
UCS:
Current ucs name: *WORLD*
Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/
X/Y/Z/ZAxis] <World>:
World ;
UCS Previous .
;
Face UCS
;
Object ;
View ,
XY,
( , );
Origin ;
Z Axis Vector ;
3 Point X Y
;
X X;
109
Y Y;
Z Z;
Apply .
,
UCSFOLLOW;
.
,
.
.
UCSXDIR, UCSYDIR X Y -
. .
UCSNAME .
WORLDUCS 1, -
, 0 .
UCSORG -
.

DDUCS, ToolsNamed UCS...
Named UCS... UCSII. Named
UCSs UCS
.
, Named UCSs
UCS,
. . 4.12 Named UCSs -
.
, Set
Current.
. 4.12.
110 4.
, -
Unnamed . -

. World Previous -
,
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Ucs1Ucs3 5.
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115
FormatLayer... Layer Properties
Manager Layers.
. 5.1.
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116 5.
New Layer
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. 5.2.
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118 5.
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Layers (. . 5.2) Lock -
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Color . Select
Color, . 5.3.
, 1
255 AutoCAD Color Index (ACI). -
1 7 (1 , 2 , 3 ,
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True Color 16
. : RGB -
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119
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120 5.

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details (. 5.7).
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122 5.
Details :
Name: ;
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ISO pen width: ISO.
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Layer Properties Manager
(. . 5.1). Lineweight -
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(. 5.8).
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LWDEFAULT.
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. 5.8.
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New Property Filter (Alt+P) Layer Filter Properties,
(. 5.10).
New Group Filter (Alt+G) .
. 5.10.
126 5.
Layer States Manager (Alt+S) Layer

States Manager (. 5.11).
Layer properties to restore :
On/Off /;
Frozen/Thawed /;
Visibility in Current VP ;
Locked/Unlocked /;
Plot/No Plot /;
Color ;
Linetype ;
Lineweight ;
Plot Style ;
New VP Frozen/Thawed / ;
Turn off layers not found in layer state , -
.
. 5.11.
Layer
Properties Manager (. 5.12),
:
Visibility (, , , );
Lock /;
127
Viewport ;
Isolate Group ( , -
);
New Properties Filter Layer Filter Properties, -
(. . 5.10);
New Group Filter ;
Convert to Group Filter ;
Rename ;
Delete ;
Properties... PROPERTIES.
. 5.12.
Layer
Properties Manager (. 5.13),
:
Show Filter Tree ;
Show Filter in Layer List ;
Set current ;
New Layer ;
Rename Layer ;
Delete Layer ;
Change Description ;
Remove From Group Filter ;
New Layer VP Frozen All Viewports
;
VP Freeze Layer in All Viewports ;
VP Thaw Layer in All Viewports ;
Select All ;
Clear All ;
Select All but Current , ;
Invert Selection ;
128 5.
Invert Layer Filter ;

Layer Filters (, );
Save Layer States -
New Layer State to Save;
Restore Layer State Layer States
Manager .
. 5.13.

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130 5.
Property Settings (. 5.14), -

.
Basic Properties :
Color ;
Layer ;
Linetype ;
Linetype Scale ;
Lineweight ;
Thickness ;
PlotStyle .
Special Properties :
Dimension ;
Polyline ;
Material ;
Text ;
Viewport ;
Shadow display ;
Hatch ;
Table ;
Multileader -.
. 5.14.
Pr8 4.
131

PROPERTIES, . 5.15,
, .
40 , -
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PROPERTIES, ModifyProperties,
Properties (Ctrl+1) .
. 5.15.
Properties
, -
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value of PICKADD Sysvar Select Objects Quick Select.
132 5.
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General , :
Color ;
Layer ;
Linetype ;
Linetype scale ;
Lineweight ;
Thickness .
3D Visualization , :
Material ;
Shadow display .
Plot style , :
Plot style ;
Plot style table ;
Plot table attached to ;
Plot table type .
View , :
Center X X;
Center Y Y;
Center Z Z;
Height ;
Width .
Misc , :
Annotation scale ;
UCS icon On ;
UCS icon at origin ;
UCS per viewport ;
UCS Name ;
Visual Style .
Properties ;
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6

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134 6.
AutoCAD
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. 6.1.
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135
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ZOOM, -
ViewZoom, . 6.3, -
Zoom (. 6.4).
. 6.3.
. 6.4.
136 6.
ZOOM:
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real
time>: , , (//
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ZOOM .
.
Zoom Realtime
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ZOOM real time
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Zoom Realtime (. . 6.4),
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ZOOM. Enter
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137
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Zoom Window . -

ViewZoomWindow Zoom
Window . -
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:
time>: _w
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Specify opposite corner:
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ViewZoomDynamic Zoom
Dynamic .
. ZOOM Dynamic
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138 6.
ZOOM Scale :
time>: _s
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time>: _c
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Zoom Object , .
ViewZoomObject -
Zoom Object . ZOOM -
Object
, ,
:
time>: _o
Select objects:
139
Zoom In . View
ZoomIn Zoom In -
. ZOOM 2x :
time>: 2x
Zoom Out . View
ZoomOut Zoom Out
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ViewZoomPrevious Zoom Previous
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ZOOM Previous. -
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140 6.
Pan Realtime .
PAN -
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Pan Realtime -
, ViewPanRealtime.

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Pa1 2.

Aerial View
DSVIEWER Aerial View, -

. Aerial View, . 6.5,
ViewAerial View.
. Aerial View -
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, . Aerial
View
AutoCAD.
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141
. 6.5.
Aerial View, , ,
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ViewRedraw.
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ViewRegen ViewRegen All.
142 6.

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DRAWORDER,
Modify II Draw Order,
. 6.6 6.7, ToolsDraw Order.
. 6.6.
. 6.7.
Bring to Front .
Send to Back .
Bring Above Objects .
Send Under Objects .
7

144 7.

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Object Snap , -
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. 7.1.
. 7.1.
145
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(. 7.2).
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146 7.
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LINE,
DrawLine Line Draw. -
:
147
_LINE
Specify rst point: ENDPOINT 1
Specify next point or [Undo]: ENDPOINT 2
Specify next point or [Undo]: -
Enter
_LINE
Specify rst point: ENDPOINT 3
Specify next point or [Undo]: ENDPOINT 4
Enter
. 7.3.
L6 2.

Snap to Midpoint (, . .).
-
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. Midpoint -
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(. 7.4).
148 7.
LINE,
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Specify next point or [Undo]: MIDPOINT 2
Enter
. 7.4.
L7 2.
Snap to Intersection (,
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, .
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149
AutoCAD ,
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Extended Intersection
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(. 7.5).
LINE,
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_LINE
Specify rst point: INTERSECTION 1
Specify next point or [Undo]: INTERSECTION 2
Enter
. 7.5.
L9 2.

Snap to Apparent Intersect -
.
Apparent Intersect
, .

150 7.
, .
, -
Intersection.
Apparent Intersect : Apparent
Intersect Extended Apparent
Intersect.
, .
Apparent Intersect
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Extended Apparent Intersect

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Extended Apparent Intersect
Apparent Intersect; ,
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(. 7.6).
LINE,
:
_LINE
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Specify next point or [Undo]: APPINT OF AND 3 4
Enter
L10 2.
151
. 7.6.

Snap to Extension .
, -
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Apparent Intersect
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Center c
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(. 7.7).
LINE,
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152 7.
_LINE
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Specify next point or [Undo]: CENTER 2
Specify next point or [Undo]: CENTER 3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: CLOSE
. 7.7.
L8 2.
Snap to Quadrant (,
0, 90, 180 270 ) , .
-
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Snap to Tangent , ,
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Tangent , ,
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Tangent
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153
Tangent , ,
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From Tangent
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(. 7.8).
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_LINE
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Specify next point or [Undo]: TANGENT 2
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_LINE
Specify next point or [Undo]: TANGENT 3
Enter
. 7.8.
L14 2.
154 7.
Snap to Perpendicular , -
.
Perpendicular , , -
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Perpendicular -
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LINE,
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_LINE
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Enter
_LINE
Specify next point or [Undo]: PERPENDICULAR 3
Enter
155
. 7.9.
L15 2.
Snap to Parallel .
,
.
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, Intersection -
Apparent Intersect.

Snap to Insert , , ,
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POINT.
156 7.
, ,
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L12 2.

Snap to Nearest ,
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L11 2.

Snap to None
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Osnap Settings
Object Snap Drafting
Settings . 7.10. ToolsDrafting
Settings... Osnap Settings
Object Snap. , Settings... -
, Object
Snap .

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From .
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AutoSnap, -
.
:

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157
. 7.10.
-
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Drafting Settings Object
Snap ( Ctrl+F F3).
, Drafting
Settings.
: , -
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AutoSnap Settings Drafting Options,
Options... Drafting Settings
ToolsOptions... . . 3.19.
, AutoCAD ,
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Quadrant Center, ,
Tab :
.
158 7.
, -
Object Snap
(. . 7.2).
L16 2.
AutoTrack -

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:
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Polar Tracking Object Snap Tracking
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Drafting -
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. . 3.19.
AutoTrack Settings -
:
Display polar tracking vector
. , -
;
Display full-screen tracking vector
. , -
;
Display AutoTrack tooltip
, . -
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Alignment Point Acquisition:
Automatic .
,
Shift;
Shift to acquire Shift
, .
159
TRACKPATH POLARMODE
.

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Shift.
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-
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, _TT . -
(+).
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Drafting -
Options Alignment Point Acquisi-
tion Automatic Shift to acquire. -
.

Shift.

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160 7.
. , , -
45, -
, 45
. , -
, .
,
: 90, 45, 30, 22,5, 18, 15, 10 5. ,
.

F10 Polar Tracking .
, -
, , -
, .
90. ,
,
. -
Intersection
Apparent Intersect.
ORTHO ,
, X Y
. -
,
.
ORTHO.
Polar
Tracking Drafting Settings . 7.11.
ToolsDrafting Settings... , -
POLAR -
Settings....
.
Polar Tracking On (F10) .
Polar Angle Settings :
Increment angle: ;
Additional angles .
Object Snap Tracking Settings :
Track orthogonally only ;
Track using all polar angle settings .
Polar Angle measurement :
Absolute ;
Relative to last segment .
161
. 7.11.
L5 2.
8

163
AutoCAD . -
,
, .
, -
Draw (. 8.1). -
, --
, .
. 8.1.
POINT, ,
DrawPoint Point Draw.
. POINT:
Current point modes: PDMODE=33 PDSIZE=10.0000
Specify a point:
: Single Point -
Multiple Point . Point -
Draw .
164 8.
, ,
. -
, .
PDMODE, -
PDSIZE. PDSIZE , -
, ,
.
.
PDMODE PDSIZE -
Point Style, . 8.2.
FormatPoint Style....
. 8.2.
Point Size:. Set

Size Relative to Screen -
, Set Size in Absolute Units -
.
AutoCAD .
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LINE, ,
DrawLine Line Draw.
165
. -
, -
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; ,
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-
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LINE:
Specify rst point:
Specify next point or [Undo]:
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
LINE . , -

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.
.
. Enter
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:.

Enter .
LINE:
Close ;
Undo .
LINE 3 6.
L1L16 1 2.

AutoCAD ,
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. , -
.
166 8.
, ,
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XLINE, ,
DrawConstruction Line Construction Line -
Draw.
. -
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XLINE:
Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]:
Specify through point: ,
Specify through point:
XLINE:
Hor ,
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Ver , ;
Ang .
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, ( , -
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Bisect , . -
, - .
;
Offset . , -
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RAY, , DrawRay.
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. ,
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RAY:
Specify start point:
Specify through point: ,
167
MLINE, ,
DrawMultiline.
,
(. 8.3). ,
. -
( ).
;
. -
, .
. 8.3.
MLINE:
Current settings: Justication = Top, Scale = 20.00, Style =
STANDARD
Specify start point or [Justication/Scale/STyle]: -

Specify next point:
MLINE:
Justication : Top,
Zero, Bottom.
,
;
Scale . -
, Offset, -
;
Style .
.
Multiline Style, Format
Multiline Style . 8.4.
168 8.
. 8.4.
Load... , -
Save... . -
STANDARD.
New, -
Create New Multiline Style New Style Name:
, Continue.
New Multiline Style (. 8.5).
. 8.5.
169
.
Description: .
Caps :
Line: ;
Outer arc: ;
Inner arcs: ;
Angle: .
Fill -
.
Display joints: .
Elements :
Offset, Color Linetype , -
;
Add Delete
Offset, Color Linetype;
Offset: -
;
Color:
Select Color;
Linetype... Select Linetype, -
.
acad.mln.
CMLSTYLE.
PLINE, ,
DrawPolyline Polyline
Draw.
-
.
, , -
.
, .
.
, , .
, , .
PLINE:
Current line-width is 0.0000
170 8.
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:

PLINE .
Enter .

Enter .
PLINE:
Arc ;
Close .
, .
- ,
.
;
Halfwidth ,
;
Length ,
;
Undo ;
Width . AutoCAD -
. -

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.
; ,
,

.
PLINE -
:
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: ARC

Specify endpoint of arc or
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/
Undo/Width]:
PLINE :
Angle .
. , -
;
171
Center ;
Close ;
Direction ;
Halfwidth ;
Line ;
Radius ;
Second pt . -
, -
;
Undo ;
Width- .
, -
ARC (. ).
, , , -
. , , -
, .
, . 8.6.
PLINE, DrawPolyline -
Polyline Draw. :
_PLINE
Specify start point: 40,10 1
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: W -

Specify starting width <0.0000>: 0.5
Specify ending width <0.5000>: 0.5
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 50,12
2
W
Specify starting width <0.5000>: 3
Specify ending width <3.0000>: 0
60,14 3
172 8.

Enter
. 8.6.
P1 2.
.
, . 8.7.
PLINE, DrawPolyline -
Polyline Draw. :
_PLINE
Specify start point: 40,8 1
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: W -

Specify starting width <0.0000>: 0
Specify ending width <0.0000>: 5
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: A -

[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second
pt/Undo/Width]: A
Specify included angle: 60 2
Specify endpoint of arc or [CEnter/Radius]: CE

Specify center point of arc: 40,24 3
pt/Undo/Width]: 65,8 4
pt/Undo/Width]: Enter
173
. 8.7.
P2P4 3 2.
POLYGON, -
, DrawPolygon
Polygon Draw.
;
3 1024 .
, ,
. ,
.
POLYGON:
Enter number of sides <default>: -
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:

Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle]
<I>:
Specify radius of circle:
POLYGON:
Inscribed in circle ,
. , -
;
Circumscribed about circle , -
. -
.
;
Edge .
POLYGON :
Specify rst endpoint of edge:
174 8.
Specify second endpoint of edge:
, , 1 2
(. 8.8).
POLYGON, DrawPolygon
Polygon Draw. :
_POLYGON
Enter number of sides <10>: 4
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: E

Specify rst endpoint of edge: 60,80 1
Specify second endpoint of edge: 60,20 2
. 8.8.
Pg1 2.
. ,

, (. 8.9).
Polygon Draw. :
_POLYGON
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 120,60
<I>: I , -
Specify radius of circle: 50

175
. 8.9.
Pg2 2.
. ,

, (. 8.10).
Polygon Draw. -
:
_POLYGON
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 120,60
<I>: C ,
. 8.10.
Pg3 2.
176 8.
RECTANG
. DrawRectangle -
Rectangle Draw.
RECTANG:
Specify rst corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/
Width]:
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: -

POLYGON:
Chamfer .
:
Width]: C
Specify rst chamfer distance for rectangles:

Specify second chamfer distance for rectangles:

Width]:

Elevation .
:
Width]: E
Specify the elevation for rectangles: -

Width]:

Fillet .
:
Width]: F
177
Specify llet radius for rectangles:

Width]:

Thickness .
:
Width]: T
Specify thickness for rectangles: -

Width]:

Width .
:
Width]: W
Specify line width for rectangles: -

Specify rst corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thick-
ness/Width]:

Area , -
.
. Chamfer
Fillet , -
. -
:
Width]:
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: A -

Enter area of rectangle in current units: -

178 8.
Calculate rectangle dimensions based on [Length/Width] <Length>:

L
Enter rectangle length:

Dimensions
. :
Width]:
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: D -
-
Specify length for rectangles:

Specify width for rectangles:

Rotation .
:
Width]:
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: R -

Specify rotation angle or [Pick points]:


Re1Re4 2.
SKETCH ,
.
. -
, . -
, . -

.
,
179
.
.
. -
;
.
SKETCH:
Record increment <default>:
Sketch. Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect .
,
CELTYPE Continuous. ,
, ,
.
, ORTHO
SNAP, .
Sk1 2.
9

181
ARC, , DrawArc
Arc Draw (. 9.1).
. 9.1.
. -
: , .
, , ,
. , . -
.
ARC:
Specify start point of arc or [Center]:
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:
Specify end point of arc:

ARC:
Center ;
End ;
182 9.
Angle ;
chord Length ;
Direction ;
Radius .
ARC:
3 Points , ;
Start, Center, End ,
.
. :
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: C

Specify center point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: -

Start, Center, Angle , . -
;
, -
. :

Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: A -

Specify included angle:
Start, Center, Length , -
. ,
( , 180).
,
. :

183
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: L

Specify length of chord:
Start, End, Angle , .

; , -
. :
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: E

Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: A -

Specify included:
Start, End, Direction , -
. :

Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: D -

Specify tangent direction for the start point of arc:

Start, End, Radius , -
. . :
Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]: E

Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: R -

184 9.
Specify radius of arc:

Center, Start, End , .
:
Specify start point of arc or [Center]: C -

Specify start point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: -

Center, Start, Angle , .
:


Specify included angle:
Center, Start, Length , -
. :

Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: L

Specify length of chord:
Continue
.

.
, . :

185
.
3 Points . 9.2.
ARC, DrawArc3 Points
Arc Draw. :
_ARC
Specify start point of arc or [Center]: 50,80 1
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: 50,20 2
Specify end point of arc: 20,50 3
. 9.2.
A1 2.
. ,

Start, Center, Angle . 9.3.
ARC, DrawArcStart, Center, Angle
Arc Draw. -
:
_ARC

Specify center point of arc: 50,50 2

Specify included angle: 135
186 9.
. 9.3. ,
A2 2.
. ,

Start, End, Radius . 9.4.
ARC, DrawArcStart, End, Radius
Arc Draw. :
_ARC

Specify end point of arc: 50,80 2
Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: R -

Specify radius of arc: 30
. 9.4. ,
e A3A5 2.
CIRCLE, ,
DrawCircle Circle Draw
(. 9.5).
187
. 9.5.
.
.
, . -
. ,
, , (
).
CIRCLE:
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:
CIRCLE:
3 , . -
CIRCLE :
3P
Specify rst point on circle:
Specify second point on circle:
Specify third point on circle:
188 9.
2P , . -
CIRCLE :
2P
Specify rst end point of circle's diameter: -

Specify second end point of circle's diameter:

Ttr .
CIRCLE :
TTR
Specify point on object for rst tangent of circle:
,
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle:
,
Specify radius of circle <default>:
.

(. 9.6).
CIRCLE, DrawCircleCenter,
Radius Circle Draw.
:
_CIRCLE
50,50
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50>: 30
. 9.6.
C1 2.
189
(. 9.7).
CIRCLE, DrawCircle2 Points
Circle Draw. :
_CIRCLE
2P
Specify rst end point of circle's diameter: 50,80 1
Specify second end point of circle's diameter: 50,20 2
. 9.7.
C2 2.
.
(. 9.8).
Circle Draw. -
:
_CIRCLE
3P
Specify rst point on circle: 50,80 1
Specify second point on circle: 50,20 2
Specify third point on circle: 20,50 3
C3 2.
190 9.
. 9.8.
. ,

, -
(. 9.9).
CIRCLE, DrawCircleTan, Tan,
Radius Circle Draw.
:
_CIRCLE
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan
radius)]: T

Specify point on object for rst tangent of circle: 1
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: 2
, -
1, , 2,
.
. 9.9. ,
C4 2.
191
. ,

,
(. 9.10).
CIRCLE, DrawCircleTan, Tan,
Radius Circle Draw.
:
_CIRCLE
T
Specify point on object for rst tangent of circle: 1
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: 2
, -
1 2.
. 9.10. ,
C5 2.
. ,

, ,
(. 9.11). .
Radius Circle Draw.
:
_CIRCLE
INTERSECTION -
192 9.
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50>: TANGENT

. 9.11. ,
C6 2.
.
,
, , -
(. 9.12). .
Circle Draw. :
_CIRCLE
2P
Specify rst end point of circle's diameter: ENDPOINT
1
Specify second end point of circle's diameter: ENDPOINT -
2
. 9.12. ,
C7 2.1
193
.
, ,
(. 9.13). -
.
Radius Circle Draw.
:
_CIRCLE
CENTER 1 -

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50>: 50
. 9.13.
C8 2 2.
DONUT, ,
DrawDonut Donut.
-
.
.
, .
, .
Enter.
, .

DONUTID, DONUTOD.
FILLMODE.
DONUT:
Specify inside diameter of donut <default>:

194 9.
Specify outside diameter of donut <default>:

Specify center of donut or <exit>:
Specify center of donut or <exit>: Enter -

.
- (. 9.14).
DONUT, DrawDonut
Donut . :
_DONUT
Specify inside diameter of donut <20.0000>: 30
Specify outside diameter of donut <40.0000>: 35
Specify center of donut or <exit>: 10,60 1-

Enter
. 9.14.
Do1 2.
SPLINE, ,
DrawSpline Spline
Draw.
195
,
. AutoCAD
B- NURBS. NURBS -
,
. , -
-
.
,
. -
, -
. , , -
, .
SPLINE:
Specify rst point or [Object]:
Specify next point:
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>:


. . .
Enter
Specify start tangent:
Specify end tangent:
SPLINE:
Object ;
Close . :
Specify rst point or [Object]:
Specify next point:


. . .

Specify tangent:
196 9.
Fit tolerance -
.
.
; ,
. ,
, , -
.
, ; -
.
ELLIPSE, ,
DrawEllipse Ellipse
Draw (. 9.15).
. 9.15.
, -
, - -
.
,
197
. , -
. .
ELLIPSE:
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: -

Specify other endpoint of axis:
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: -

ELLIPSE:
Arc .
, , -
. .

. -
ANGDIR. 0, -
; 1 .
, .
, .
:
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: A

Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]:


Specify start angle or [Parameter]:
Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included angle]:
Center . :
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: C -

Specify center of ellipse:
Specify endpoint of axis:

198 9.
Rotation
. :
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: -

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: R

Specify rotation around major axis:

.

(. 9.16).
ELLIPSE, DrawEllipse -
Ellipse Draw. :
_ELLIPSE
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: 10,20

Specify other endpoint of axis: 80,80
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 20

. 9.16.
El1 2.
REVCLOUD ,
DrawRevision Cloud Revision
Cloud Draw.
199
,
,
(. 9.17).
. 9.17.
REVCLOUD:
Minimum arc length: 15 Maximum arc length: 15 Style: Normal

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>: -

Guide crosshairs along cloud path...
Revision cloud nished.

REVCLOUD:
Arc length
. :

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>:
A
Specify minimum length of arc:
Specify maximum length of arc:

200 9.
Object . :

O
Select object:
Reverse direction [Yes/No] <No>: ,

Style . :

S
Select arc style [Normal/Calligraphy] <Normal>:
Arc style = Calligraphy

Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] <Object>: -


REVCLOUD -
.
10

202 10.

AutoCAD .
, ,
, , .
, -
.
,
. , Standard, -
.
,
Text (. 10.1).
. 10.1.

Text Style, FormatText Style
Text Style Style (. 10.2).
. 10.2.
New...
New Text Style. -
. ,
203
Text Style , , -
.
Font SHX Font:
, (, simplex.shx). -
SHX- AutoCAD, -
TrueType.
Styles: -
.
Effects :
Upside down 180
;
Backwards 180
;
Vertical ,
;
Width Factor: / ,
;
Oblique Angle:
, -
, , .
85.
-
, .
Paper Text Height -
.
, Height: .

, 0.
Text Style -
. -
, .
, -

.

, , .
, ,
. ,
. , ,
204 10.
DTEXT TEXT . -
.
DTEXT, , -
DrawTextSingle Line Text Single Line
Text.
DTEXT ,
. Enter.
,
.
DTEXT:
Current text style: "Standard" Text height: 2.5000 Annotative:
Yes
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:

Specify height <default>:
Specify rotation angle of text <0>:
.
Enter .
Specify height <default>:
,
.
.
.
,
.
, -
. ,
. . -
, , -
.
DTEXT:
Style ;
Justify -
. Justify
DTEXT :
Yes
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: J

205
Enter an option [Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/
MR/BL/BC/BR]:
:
Align ,
. ,
.
Align DTEXT :
Yes

MR/BL/BC/BR]: A
Specify rst endpoint of text baseline:

Specify second endpoint of text baseline:

.
Enter
.
Fit , . -
, . -
Fit DTEXT :
Yes

MR/BL/BC/BR]: F , -

Specify rst endpoint of text baseline:

Specify second endpoint of text baseline:

Specify height <2.5000>:
.
Enter
.
206 10.
Center -
. Center DTEXT
:
Yes

MR/BL/BC/BR]: C
Specify center point of text:
.
Enter
.
Middle -
.
MC, , ,
, -
, . ,
, . -
Middle DTEXT :
Yes

MR/BL/BC/BR]: M ,

Specify middle point of text:
.
Enter
.
Right . -
Right DTEXT :
207
Yes

MR/BL/BC/BR]: R , -

Specify right endpoint of text baseline:

.
Enter
.
TL , ;
TC , -
;
TR ,
;
ML , -
;
MC , -
;
MR , -
;
BL , ;
BC , -
;
BR , .
T1T7 2.

MTEXT.
, .
.
208 10.
, -
. .
, -
, , , , , -
.
, .
,
;
, , .
MTEXT, , -
DrawTextultiline Text... ultiline
Text Draw.
MTEXT:
Yes
Specify rst corner:
Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line spacing/
Rotation/Style/Width/Columns]:

MTEXT:
Height ;
Justify ;
Line spacing ;
Rotation ;
Style ;
Width ;
Columns .
,
Text Formatting
(. 10.3).
Text Formatting .
Style ,
.
, . -
(, ,
. .). , , -
SHX-, .
,
, .
TEXTSTYLE.
209
. 10.3.
Font
. TrueType -
. AutoCAD SHX,
.
Text Height -
. ,
.
,
TEXTSIZE.
Bold -
. , -
TrueType.
Italic -
. ,
TrueType.
Underline -
.
Overrline -
.
Undo .
Redo .
Stack ,
,
,
210 10.
. . -
:
(/)
,
,
;
(#)
,
, -
;
(^)
, -
.
, 1#3 - ,
.
, -
.
, Stack .
,
, , .

, - ( ,
) .
, -, , -
Stack.
-
,
.
Color -
. ByLayer, ,
, , , ByBlock,
, .
Ruler .
OK (Ctrl+Enter) .
, . -
Esc.
Options (. 10.4):
Insert Field Ctrl+F Field (. 10.5), -
;
Symbol , -
-
;
211
. 10.4.
. 10.5.
Import Text Select Fiel,

.
ASCII RTF.
212 10.
, , -
. -
32 ;
Paragraph Alignment (. 10.6): Left , Center
, Right , Justify , Distribute ;
. 10.6.
Paragraph (. 10.7), -
;
. 10.7.
213
Bullets and Lists (. 10.8): Off ;

Lettered (Lowercase , Uppercase
); Numbered ; Bulleted ; Restart
; Continue ; Allow Auto-list -
; Use Tab Delimiter Only
Tab; Allow Bullets and Lists ;
. 10.8.
Columns , -
;
Find and Replace Ctrl+R , -
;
Change Case : UPPERCASE Ctrl+Shift+U
; lowercase Ctrl+Shift+L ;
AutoCAPS
. . -
,

Change Case;
Character Set (. 10.9): , -
, , , , , , ,
, , (GB2312), (BIG5), ,
;
Combine Paragraphs .
;
Remove Formatting ,
;
214 10.
. 10.9.
Background Mask (. 10.10),

: Use background mask
; Border offset factor: ; Fill Color
; Use drawning background color ;
Editor Settings :
Show Toolbar ;
Show Options ;
Show Ruler ;
Text Highlight Color Select
Color;
Learn about MTEXT
.
. 10.10.
215
Text Formatting .
Columns ,
.
MText Justification ,
.
Paragraph ,
.
Left .
Center .
Right .
Justify .
Disribute .
Line Spacing .
Numbering .
Insert Field .
UPPERCASE .
lowercase .
Symbol (. 10.11),

:
Degrees %%d ;
Plus/Minus %%p /;
Diameter %%c ;
Almost Equal \U+2248 ;
Angle \U+2220 ;
Boundary Line \U+E100 ;
Center Line \U+2104 ;
Delta \U+0394 ;
Electrical Phase \U+0278 ;
Flow Line \U+E101 ;
Identity \U+2261 ;
Intial Length \U+E200 ;
Monument Line \U+E102 ;
Not Equal \U+2260 ;
Ohm \U+2126 ;
Omega \U03A9 ;
216 10.
Property Line \U+214A ;

Subscript 2 \U+2082 2;
Squared \U+00B2 ;
Cubed \U+00B3 ;
Non-breaking Space Ctrl+Shift+Space ;
Other ,
.
, , -
; .

Paste.
Oblique Angle ,
. ,
.
Tracking , . -
, 1.0; -
, 1.0.
Width Factor , -
. , 2
, 0.5 -
.
. 10.11.
217
, (. 10.12),
, , -
. -
. , , Cut, Copy Paste
.
, -
Options Text Formatting
(. . 10.4).
. 10.12.
Set Mtext Width , -

. -
Set Mtext Width,
. 10.13. .
. 10.13.
218 10.
.
, , -
.
Windows AutoCAD,
. ,
AutoCAD
Windows.
ASCII- RTF-, ,
, . ,

, ,
.
AutoCAD; ,
AutoCAD . .
,
. -
. -
. ,
, .
,
, . -
AutoCAD -
.
. , -
, :
,
.
, ;
, -
, -
;
-
.
,
AutoCAD ,
. .
, , ,
.
219
.
:
, 0,
ByLayer, ,
;
, ByBlock, -
;
, ,
.
. -
, 0 ByBlock,

, , ,
0.
. AutoCAD (),
, ,
.
.
AutoCAD
, .
, , -

.
. -
-
. X, Y, Z .
AutoCAD , -
.

:
;
;
;

, -

;
220 10.
, -
.
, -
. , , :
, .
.
,
.
, DIRECT, LIGHT, AVE_RENDER, RM_SDB, SH_SPOT OVERHEAD
.
BLOCK
. DrawBlockMake... -
Make Block Draw.
Block Definition . 10.14.
. 10.14.
Block Definition
.
Name: .
Base point
Pick point .
Objects
:
Select objects , -
. .
221
Enter,
. QuickSelect,
;
Retain
;
Convert to block ;
Delete .
Behavior :
Scale uniformly ;
Allow exploding .
Settings :
Block unit: : , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , ;
Hyperlink Insert
Hyperlink.
Description -
.
Open in block editor .
.
,
AutoCAD, WBLOCK.
Write Block (. 10.15), -
.
Source :
Block: , ;
Entire drawing ;
Objects , .
Base point :
Pick point ;
X:, Y:, Z:
.
Objects , :
Select objects ;
QuickSelect ;
Retain ;
Convert to block ;
Delete from drawing .
222 10.
Destination :
File name and path: .
, WBLOCK
;
Insert units: ,
AutoCAD.
.
. 10.15.
Bl1 4.

INSERT
.
INSERT InsertBlock...
Insert Draw.
Insert (. 10.16),
.
Name: .
Insertion point .
223
. 10.16.
Scale .
Rotation .
Specify On-screen , INSERT -
, , :
Specify insertion point or [Basepoint/Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate]: -

Enter X scale factor, specify opposite corner, or [Corner/XYZ]
<1>: X
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor>:
Y
Specify rotation angle <0>:
Uniform Scale .
Block Unit :
Unit: ;
Factor: .
Explode
.
,
.
,
X Y. Corner, :
Other corner: , -

Y -
, .
224 10.
, . -
. -
, AutoCAD
. -
90, ORTHO.
AutoCAD
, .
In1 4.

EXPLODE .
EXPLODE ModifyExplode
Explode Modify.
AutoCAD -
. -
, . ,
Insert Explode.
Ep1 4.

-
.
.
. -
,
.
.
, -
.
.
.
,
,
.
225
. -

. -
, . -
.

BEDIT ToolsBlock
Editor Block Editor -
.
Edit Block Definition (. 10.17),
,
(. 10.18), .
. 10.17.
. 10.18.
Edit or Create Block Definition Edit Block Definition

(. . 10.17) .
Save Block Definition .
Save Block As .
Block Definition Name .
Authoring Palettes BLOCK AUTHORING PALETTES.
226 10.
Parameter .
Action .
Define Attribute Attribute Definition
(. 10.19), .
Mode :
Invisible ;
Constant ;
Verify ;
Preset .
Insertion Point :
Specify n-screen ;
X:, Y:, Z: .
Attribute :
Tag: ;
Prompt: ;
Default: ;
Insert field Field, -
.
Text Settings :
Justification: : Left ; Align ; Fit -
; Center ; Middle ; Right ; Top left
; Top center ; Top right ; Middle
left ; Middle center ; Middle right -
; Bottom left ; Bottom center ;
Bottom right ;
Text Style: ;
Text height: ;
Rotation: .
Align below previous attribute definition .
Update Parameter and Action Text Size .
Learn About Dynamics Blocks .
Exit Block Editor and Return to Drawing .
Visiblity Mode .
Make Visible .
Make Invisible .
Manage Visibility States
Visibility States.
227
. 10.19.

Block Authoring Palettes
Authoring Palettes. -
.
Parameters
(. 10.20).
Point Parameter . BPARAMETER
pOint:
Specify parameter location or [Name/Label/Chain/Description/
Palette]: : , ,
, ,
Specify label location:
Linear Parameter .
BPARAMETER Linear:
Specify start point or [Name/Label/Chain/Description/Base/
Palette/Value set]: : ,
, , , , ,
Specify endpoint:
228 10.
Polar Parameter . BPARAMETER

Polar:
Specify base point or [Name/Label/Chain/Description/Palette/
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify endpoint:
XY Parameter XY. BPARAMETER -
Xy:
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify endpoint:
Rotation Parameter .
BPARAMETER Rotation:
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify radius of parameter:
Specify default rotation angle or [Base angle] <0>:

Alignment Parameter .
BPARAMETER Alignment:
Specify base point of alignment or [Name]:

Alignment type = Perpendicular =
Specify alignment direction or alignment type [Type] <Type>:

Flip Parameter . BPARAMETER
Flip:
Specify base point of reection line or [Name/Label/Description/
Palette]: : ,
, ,
Specify endpoint of reection line:

229
Visibility Parameter .
BPARAMETER Visibility:
Specify parameter location or [Name/Label/Description/Palette]:
: , , ,
Lookup Parameter . BPARAMETER

looKup:
: , , ,
Base Point Parameter .

BPARAMETER Base:
Specify parameter location:
. 10.20.
Actions
(. 10.21).
Move Action . BACTIONTOOL
Move:
Select parameter:
Specify parameter point to associate with action or enter [Base
point/Second
230 10.
. 10.21.
point/Xcorner/Ycorner] <Base>: , -
, : ,
Specify selection set for action
Select objects:
Select objects: Enter
Specify action location or [Multiplier/Offset/Xy]: -
: ,
Scale Action .
BACTIONTOOL Scale:
Select parameter:
Select objects:
Specify action location or [Base type]:

Stretch Action .
BACTIONTOOL sTretch:
Select parameter:
Specify parameter point to associate with action or enter
[sTart point/Second
point] <Start>: , -
, : ,
231
Specify rst corner of stretch frame or [CPolygon]:

Specify objects to stretch
Select objects:
Select objects: Enter -
Specify action location or [Multiplier/Offset]: -

: ,
Polar Stretch Action .
BACTIONTOOL Polar stretch:
Select parameter:
Specify parameter point to associate with action or enter
[sTart point/Second point] <Start>: ,
, : ,

Specify rst corner of stretch frame or [CPolygon]:

Specify objects to stretch
Select objects:
Specify objects to rotate only
Select objects:
Specify action location or [Multiplier/Offset]: -
: ,
Rotate Action . BACTIONTOOL
Rotate:
Select parameter:
Select objects:
Specify action location or [Base type]:

232 10.
Flip Action . BACTIONTOOL

Flip:
Select parameter:
Select objects:
Specify action location:
Array Action . BACTIONTOOL
Array:
Select parameter:
Select objects:
Enter the distance between columns (|||):
Specify action location:

Lookup Action . BACTIONTOOL
Lookup:
Select parameter:
Property Lookup Table.
Parameter Sets
(. 10.22).
Point Move : -
, .
BPARAMETER pOint:
Specify parameter location or [Name/Label/Chain/Description/
Palette]: : , ,
, ,
Linear Move :
, .
BPARAMETER Linear:
Specify start point or [Name/Label/Chain/Description/Base/
Palette/Value set]: : ,
, , , , ,
233
Specify endpoint:
Linear Stretch :
, .
BPARAMETER Linear Linear
Move.
Linear Array : -
, . BPARAMETER
Linear Linear Move.
Linear Move Pair : -
, .
BPARAMETER Linear
Linear Move.
Linear Stretch Pair : -
,
. BPARAMETER Linear -
Linear Move.
Polar Move :
, .
BPARAMETER Polar:
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify endpoint:
Polar Stretch :
, .
BPARAMETER Polar Polar
Move.
Polar Array :
, . BPARAMETER
Polar Polar Move.
Polar Move Pair : -
, .
BPARAMETER Polar -
Polar Move.
Polar Stretch Pair : -
,
. BPARAMETER Polar
Polar Move.
234 10.
XY Move XY: XY -
, . BPARAMETER
Xy:
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify endpoint:
XY Move Pair XY: XY -
, .
BPARAMETER Xy XY Move.
XY Move Box Set XY:
XY , -
. BPARAMETER Xy -
XY Move.
XY Stretch Box Set XY: XY
,
. BPARAMETER Xy
XY Move.
XY Array Box Set XY:
XY ,
. BPARAMETER Xy -
XY Move.
Rotation Set :
, . -
BPARAMETER Rotation:
Value set]: : , , ,
, ,
Specify radius of parameter:
Specify default rotation angle or [Base angle] <0>:

Flip Set :
, . BPARAMETER
Flip:
Specify base point of reection line or [Name/Label/Description/
Palette]: : ,
, ,
Specify endpoint of reection line:
235
Visibility Set : -
( ).
BPARAMETER Visibility:
: , , ,
Lookup Set :
, . BPARAMETER
looKup:
: , , ,
. 10.22.
236 10.

, -
- .
AutoCAD
, .
, , ,
, . .
, ,
-
.
, -
.
. -
, . , -
.
,
.
ATTDEF .
Define Attribute
Attribute Definition, . 10.23.
, , , ,
:
, , ,
.
Mode :
Invisible .
.
ATTDISP;
Constant .
;
Verify ,
;
Preset , ,
, .
. -
,
Attribute Definition.
ATTDEF
AFLAGS.
237
. 10.23.
Attribute :
Tag: ,
. .
;
Prompt: , -
. Enter
, .
Constant, Prompt:
;
Default: .
;
Insert field Field.
Prompt: Value: , -
(\).
, -
(\\).
Insertion point
, Specify n-screen.
Align below previous
attribute definition
, ,
.
238 10.
Text Settings :
Justification: ;
Text style: ;
Text Height: ;
Rotation: .
,
. -
. AutoCAD ,
, ,
. -
.
, AutoCAD -
,
, -
:
Enter attribute values
.
,
ATTREQ, , . -
.
, .
, , ,
AutoCAD -
.
, , .
ATTEDIT, ,
Edit Attributes, . 10.24.
, , -
.
ATTEDIT:
Select block reference:
EATTEDIT
Enhanced Attribute Editor. .
Attribute (. 10.25):
Block: ;
Tag: ;
Prompt ;
Value ;
Select block .
239
. 10.24.
Text Options
(. 10.26):
Text Style: ;
Justification: ;
Height: ;
Rotation: ;
Backwards ;
Upside down ;
Width Factor: ;
Oblique Angle .
Properties -
(. 10.27):
Layer: ;
Linetype: ;
Color: ;
Lineweight: ;
Plot style: .
EATTEDIT .
:
Enter name of the block you wish to redene: -

Select objects for new Block...
Select objects:
240 10.
. 10.25.
. 10.26.
. 10.27.
241
BATTMAN
. , -
,
. Block Attribute
Manager (. 10.28). .
, , -
, .
Settings... ,
. Edit...
Edit Attribute.
. 10.28.
EATTEXT,
Data Extraction.

DWG -
ASCII, -
. .
. , -
Microsoft Excel Access.

, , .
, ,
. ,
, -

.
Data Extraction Begin (. 10.29)
:
Create a new data extraction ;
Use previous extraction as a template (.dxe or .blk) (-
, . .);
Edit an existing data extraction
.
242 10.
. 10.29. , 1
Data Extraction Define Data Source

(. 10.30) .
Data source :
Drawings/Sheet set /;
Include current drawing ;
Select objects in the current drawing .
Drawing files and folders: .
Add Folder Add
Folder Options (. 10.31), :
Folder ;
Options :
Automatically include new drawings added in this folder to the data extrac-
tions , -
;
Include subfolders ;
Utilize wild-card characters to select drawings
.
Data ExtractionSelect Objects
(. 10.32) . ,
.
243
. 10.30. , 2
. 10.31.

. , ,
.
.
Objects .
Display options :
Display all object types ;
Display blocks only ;
Display non-blocks only , ;
244 10.
. 10.32. , 3
Display blocks with attributes only -

;
Display objects currently in-use only -
.
4 Data ExtractionSelect Properties (. 10.33)
. -
.
, .
-
.
(. 10.34):
Check All ;
Uncheck All ;
Invert Selection ;
Edit Display Name .
5 Data ExtractionRefine Data (. 10.35)
, ,
, -
:
Combine identical rows ;
Show count column ;
245
. 10.33. , 4
. 10.34.
Show name column ;

Link External Data
;
Sort Columns Options
Sort Columns;
Full Preview
Data ExtractionFull Preview.
6 Data ExtractionChoose Output (. 10.36)
:
Insert data extraction table into drawing
;
Output data to external file (.xls .csv .mdb .txt)
.
246 10.
. 10.35. , 5
. 10.36. , 6
7 Data ExtractionTable Style (. 10.37)

.
Select the table style to use for the inserted table .
Formating and structure :
Use table in table style for label rows
;
Manually setup table ;
Enter a title for your table: ;
Tile cell style: ;
Header cell style: ;
Data cell style: .
8 Data ExtractionFinish (. 10.38) -
.
247
Finish. , Finish -
. , -
.
. 10.37. , 7
. 10.38. , 8
TABLE .
DrawTable...
248 10.
Table... Draw.
Insert Table . 10.39.
. 10.39.
,
, .
.
Insert Table .
Table style .
Insert options .
Insertion behavior :
Specify insertion point ;
Specify window .
Column & row settings :
Columns: ;
Column width: ;
Data rows: ;
Row height: .
Set cell styles .
249
.
-
, .
.
, .
. -
, , .
, , ,
, .
(. 10.40)
. -
, .
Cut .
Copy .
Paste .
Recent Input .
Cell Style .
Alignment : Top Left ; Top Center ;
Top Right ; Middle Left ; Middle Center
; Middle Right ; Bottom Left ; Bottom
Center ; Bottom Right .
Borders Cell
Border Properties (. 10.41), :
Lineweight: ; Linetype: ; Color: .
Data Format -
Table Cell Format.
Match Cell .
Remove All Property Overrides .
Data Link Select a Data Link.
Insert :
Block Insert a Block in a Table Cell (. 10.42),
:
Name: ;
Browse ,
;
Scale: ;
AutoFit ;
Rotation angle: ;
Overall cell alignment: ;
250 10.
Field Field,
, , , , , ,
.;
Formula : Sum ; Average ; Count -
; Cell ; Equation .
Edit Text .
Columns : Insert Left , Insert Right , Delete
, Size Equally .
Rows : Insert Above , Insert Below , Delete -
, Size Equally .
Merge : All , By Row , By Column
.
Unmerge .
Properties PROPERTIES.
. 10.40.
. -
, , -
. .
251
. 10.41.
. 10.42.
Table (. 10.43).
. 10.43.
252 10.
.
Insert Row above .
Insert Row below .
Delete Row(s) .
Insert Column to Left .
Insert Column to Right .
Delete Column(s) .
Merge cells : All , By Row , By Column
.
Unmerge cells .
Background fill .
Cell Borders
Cell Border Properties (. . 10.41).
Alignment : Top Left ; Top Center ;
Top Right ; Middle Left ; Middle Center
; Middle Right ; Bottom Left ; Bottom
Center ; Bottom Right .
Locking .
Data Format -
Table Cell Format.
Insert Block Insert a Block in a Table Cell (. . 10.42),
.
Insert Field Field,
, , , , , , -
.
Insert Formula : Sum ; Average ; Count -
; Cell ; Equation .
Manage Cell Content .
Match Cell .
Cell Styles .
Link Cell Select a Data Link.
Download changes from source file .
11

254 11.
.
:
, , , -
, -
DesignCenter.
BHATCH, ,
DrawHatch... Hatch... -
Draw. BHATCH
Hatch and Gradient, Hatch (. 11.1).
. 11.1.
Hatch and Gradient Hatch

.
Type and pattern :
Type: : Predefined ; User defined ;
Custom .
,
Type: User defined.
255
Angle:,
Spacing: , , Double
90
;
Pattern: .
, Hatch Pattern Palette (. 11.2),
, -
.
. -
.
HPNAME.
AutoCAD 50 , -

-
. 14 ,
ISO ( ).
ISO ,
. , AutoCAD,
;
Swatch: ;
Custom pattern: .
. 11.2.
256 11.
Angle and scale :

Angle: . -
HPANG;
Scale: . -
HPSCALE;
Double -;
Relative to paper space ;
Spacing: ;
ISO pen width: ISO.
Hatch origin . -
, :
Use current origin ;
Specified origin ;
Click to set new origin ;
Default to boundary extents : Bottom left
; Bottom right ; Top right ; Top left -
; Center ;
Store as default origin .
Boundaries . BHATCH
, ,
, .
, -
, , :
Add: Pick points ;
Add: Select objects ;
Remove boundaries ;
Recreate boundary ;
View Selections .
Options :
Associative .
,
.
. -
, -
. , -
,
;
Create separate hatches ;
Draw order: : Do not assign ; Send to back
; Bring to front ; Send behind boundary -
257
; Bring in front of boundary -
.
Islands . -
, , .
,
:
Island detection ;
Island display style: : Normal ; Outer
; Ignore .
Boundary retention :
Retain boundaries ;
Object type: : Region ; Polyline .
Boundary set : Current viewport
; Existing set ;
New .
Gap tolerance .
Inherit options :
Use current origin ;
Use source hatch origin .
Preview
BHATCH.
Inherit Properties .
-
Add: Pick points. :
Pick internal point or [Select objects/remove Boundaries]: -

Selecting everything...
Selecting everything visible...
Analyzing the selected data...
Analyzing internal islands...
Pick internal point or [Select objects/remove Boundaries]: -

Analyzing internal islands...
Select internal point: Enter

-
, Enter.
258 11.
AutoCAD ,
, Boundary Definition Error -
.
-
Add: Select objects.
, ,
, , , , -
. -
. AutoCAD
.
Normal,
, , . 11.3.
, .
, ,
. ,
, ;
, , .
. 11.3. ,
Ignore Outer
(. 11.4, 11.5). Ignore -
, ,
. Outer
.
Normal, Ignore Outer Islands
Hatch and Gradient.
, , ,
, AutoCAD
. , , , -
, . -
,
Ignore.
259
. 11.4. ,
. 11.5. ,
,
.
,
.
,
. , -
, , , -
.
GRADIENT, ,
Draw Gradient... Gradient...
Draw. GRADIENT -
Hatch and Gradient, Gradient, . 11.6.
Gradient Hatch and Gradient -
.
Color :
One color : Shade , Tint .

260 11.
. 11.6.
,
;
Two color : Color 1 1, Color 2 2.
-
, ;
Select Color.
Orientation :
Centered ;
Angle: .
Hatch
Hatch and Gradient.

Properties (. 11.7). -
,
Properties, .
Geometry,
Area. -
.
261
. 11.7. Properties
H1H3 3.
BOUNDARY, ,
DrawBoundary.... BOUNDARY -
Boundary Creation, . 11.8, -
.
. 11.8.
Pick Points .
Island detection .
Boundary retention
:
Retain Boundaries ;
Object type: : Region ; Polyline .
262 11.
Boundary set :
Current viewport ,
; Existing set ;
New .
, -
.
REGION
DrawRegion Region Draw.
:
;
;
;
;
;
.
WIPEOUT -
DrawWipeout. -
, .
, -
.

, .

, -
, . AutoCAD 11 -
, : , ,
, . , ,
, , , , ,
(. 11.911.13).
.
263
. 11.9. ,
. 11.10.
. 11.11.
264 11.
. 11.12.
. 11.13.
Dimension. -

(. 11.14).
:
,
. ,
. , -

. ;
, , -
, ;
. -
.
(, -
, );
265
. 11.14. Dimension
,
(, , , ). -
, . -
, AutoCAD, -
. ,
;
,
;
,
;
(), -
.
, , , , -
, -
. -
:
, -
,
.
266 11.
.
DIMASSOC 2;
, -
, . -
DIMASSOC 1;
-
, : , , ,
. DIMASSOC
0.
, ,
. -

.

AutoCAD , -
, .
DIMLINEAR ,
. Dimension
Linear Linear Dimension.
DIMLINEAR:
Specify rst extension line origin or <select object>:

Specify second extension line origin: -

Specify dimension line location or
[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]: -

Dimension text =
Enter, DIMLINEAR -
:
Enter
Select object to dimension:
[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]: -

267
Dimension text =
DIMLINEAR:
Mtext -
.
<>
;
Text . -
:
Enter dimension text < >:

Angle . -
:
Specify angle of dimension text:
Horizontal ,
X;
Vertical , -
Y;
Rotated ,

. :
Specify angle of dimension line <0>:
.
(. 11.15).
DIMLINEAR, DimensionLinear
Linear Dimension.
:
_DIMLINEAR
Specify rst extension line origin or <select object>: -
1
Specify second extension line origin: 2
[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]: 3
Dimension text = 200
268 11.
. 11.15.
R1 3.
.
(. 11.16).
Linear Dimension.
:
_DIMLINEAR
1
Dimension text = 80
. 11.16.
R2 3.
.
(. 11.17).
Linear Dimension.
:
269
_DIMLINEAR
1
[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]: R -

Specify angle of dimension line <0>: 2,

Specify second point: 3,

Dimension text = 128.7
. 11.17.
R3 3.

DIMALIGNED ,
; .
, ,
, -
. DimensionAligned
Aligned Dimension.
DIMALIGNED:

270 11.
Specify second extension line origin: -

Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:

Dimension text =
.
, (. 11.18).
DIMALIGNED, DimensionAligned
Aligned Dimension.
:
_DIMALIGNED
1
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: -
3
Dimension text = 223.61
. 11.18.
R4 3.

DIMARC ,
(. 11.19).
,
.
DimensionArc Length Arc Length
Dimension.
271
DIMARC:
Select arc or polyline arc segment:
Specify arc length dimension location, or [Mtext/Text/Angle/

Partial/Leader]:
Dimension text =
DIMARC:
Mtext ;
Text ;
Angle ;
Partial
;
Leader -.
. 11.19.
.

.
,
. -
, 90.

(, ).
272 11.
,
.
x y . -
X
X, Y Y.
, AutoCAD ,
. -
.
-
, .
.
- - -
, -
ORTHO.
DIMORDINATE .
DimensionOrdinate -
Ordinate Dimension.
DIMORDINATE:
Specify feature location:
Specify leader endpoint or [Xdatum/Ydatum/Mtext/Text/Angle]:
, ;
,
Dimension text =
DIMORDINATE:
Xdatum X;
Ydatum Y;
Mtext ;
Text ;
Angle .

DIMRADIUS, ,
DimensionRadius -
Radius Dimension.
DIMRADIUS:
Select arc or circle:
273
Dimension text =

R.
.
(. 11.20).
DIMRADIUS, DimensionRadius
Radius Dimension.
:
_DIMRADIUS
Select arc or circle: 1,
Dimension text = 90

. 11.20.
R8 3.

DIMJOGGED,
, DimensionJogget
Jogget Dimension.
, ,
,
.
DIMJOGGED:
274 11.
Specify center location override:

Dimension text =

Specify jog location:
,
.

DIMDIAMETER .
DimensionDiameter -
Diameter Dimension.
DIMDIAMETER:
Dimension text =

.

.
, , , -
, , -
.
- .
.
(. 11.21).
DIMDIAMETER, Dimension
Diameter Diameter Dimension.
:
_DIMDIAMETER
Select arc or circle: 1,

275
. 11.21.
R7 3.

DIMANGULAR . -
DimensionAngular Angular
Dimension.
DIMANGULAR:
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: , ,
Select second line: ,

,
Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: -

Dimension text =
Enter,
DIMANGULAR :
Specify angle vertex:
Specify rst angle endpoint:
Specify second angle endpoint:

Dimension text =
-
. .
, -
.
276 11.
, AutoCAD
. 180.
.
(. 11.22).
DIMANGULAR, DimensionAngular
Angular Dimension.
:
_DIMANGULAR
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: 1
Select second line: 2

. 11.22.
R9 3.

QDIM .
DimensionQuick Dimension
Quick Dimension Dimension.
QDIM:
Select geometry to dimension: -
Select geometry to dimension: -
277
Select geometry to dimension: Enter

Specify dimension line position, or
[Continuous/Staggered/Baseline/Ordinate/Radius/Diameter/
datumPoint/Edit/SeTtings]<Continuous>:
QDIM , -
,
.
.
(. 11.23).
QDIM, DimensionQuick Dimension
Quick Dimension Dimension.
:
_QDIM
Select geometry to dimension: 1
Select geometry to dimension: Enter

Specify dimension line position, or
[Continuous/Staggered/Baseline/Ordinate/Radius/Diameter/
datumPoint/Edit/SeTtings]<Continuous>: 4
. 11.23.
R10 3.
278 11.

-
.
,
.
.
, .
DIMBASELINE .
DimensionBaseline
Baseline Dimension.
DIMBASELINE:
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select]
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>: Enter
Select base dimension: Enter -

Enter, ,
. :
Select base dimension:
DIMBASELINE.

DIMDLI.
.
, (. 11.24).
Linear Dimension.
:
279
_DIMLINEAR
1
DIMBASELINE, DimensionBaseline
Baseline Dimension.
:
_DIMBASELINE
<Select>: 3
<Select>: 4
<Select>: Enter
Select base dimension: Enter
. 11.24.
R5 3.
280 11.

DIMCONTINUE
. DimensionContinue -
Continue Dimension.
DIMCONTINUE:
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>:
Dimension text =
<Select>:
Enter
Select continued dimension: -
Enter

Enter, ,
. :
Select continued dimension:
DIMCONTINUE.
,
(. 11.25).
Linear Dimension.
:
_DIMLINEAR
1
281
DIMCONTINUE, Dimension
Continue Continue Dimension.
:
_DIMCONTINUE
<Select>: 3
<Select>: Enter
Select continued dimension: Enter

. 11.25.
R6 3.

MLEADER, ,
DimensionMultileader.
QLEADER:
Specify leader arrowhead location or [leader Landing rst/Content
rst/Options] <Options>:
282 11.
Specify leader landing location: ,

,
, . -
,
.
.
, , , , ,
.
, -
. , -
15. -
.
,
.
, .
Text Formatting.
, - , -
Multileader
Style Manager (. 11.26), MLEADERSTYLE
FormatMultileader Style
Multileader Style Styles Multileader.
. 11.26. -
, New, -
Create New Multileader Style (. 11.27), -
.
283
. 11.27. -
Modify Multileader Style (. 11.28),

Leader Format .
. 11.28. -
General -:
Type: -: Straight , Spline ,
None ;
Color: -;
Linetype: -;
Lineweight: -.
Arrowhead :
Symbol: ;
Size: .
284 11.
Leader break :
Break size: .
Leader Structure Modify Multileader Style (. 11.29)
.
Constraints :
Maximum leader points -;
First segment angle -;
Second segment angle -.
Landing settings -:
Automaticaly include landing -;
Set landing distance -.
Scale -:
Annotative ;
Scale multileaders to layout ;
Specify scale: .
. 11.29. -
Content Modify Multileader Style (. 11.30) -

.
285
Multileader type: : Mtext ; Block ,
; None .
Text options -:
Default text: ;
Text style: ;
Text angle: ;
Text color: ;
Text height: ;
Always left justify ;
Frame text .
Multileader type: Block, Content -
Modify Multileader Style
(. 11.31):
Source block: ;
Attachment: ;
Color: .
Leader connection
.
. 11.30. -
286 11.
. 11.31.
R11 3.

-
, , -
. , -
, , .
TOLERANCE,
, DimensionTolerance
Tolerance Dimension.
TOLERANCE Geometric Tolerance, -
(. 11.32):
Sym Symbol (. 11.33);
Tolerance 1 Material Condition
1 (. 11.34);
Tolerance 2 Material Condition
2;
Datum 1 Material Condition -
1;
287
2;
3;
Height: ;
Datum Identifier: ;
Projected Tolerance Zone: .
. 11.32.
. 11.33.
. 11.34.

.
DIMCENTER
DimensionCenter Mark
Center Mark Dimension.
DIMCENTER:
288 11.

Dimension Style Manager.
DIMCEN.
-
.

DIMEDIT -
Dimension Edit Dimension.
DIMEDIT:
Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique]
<Home>: ,
Select objects:
DIMEDIT:
Home ;
New ;
Rotate . :
<Home>: R
Specify angle for dimension text:
Select objects:
Oblique . DIMEDIT Oblique -
DimensionOblique. :
<Home>: O
Select objects:
Enter obliquing angle (press ENTER for none): -
Enter,

DIMTEDIT -
Dimension Text Edit
Dimension.
289
DIMTEDIT:
Select dimension:
Specify new location for dimension text or [Left/Right/Center/
Home/Angle]:
DIMTEDIT:
Left . DIMTEDIT Left -
DimensionAlign TextLeft;
Right . DIMTEDIT Right -
DimensionAlign TextRight;
Center . DIMTEDIT Center
DimensionAlign TextCenter;
Home . DIMTEDIT Home -
DimensionAlign TextHome;
Angle . DIMTEDIT Angle -
DimensionAlign TextAngle.
:
Select dimension:
Specify new location for dimension text or [Left/Right/Center/
Home/Angle]: A
Specify angle for dimension text:

-DIMSTYLE apply -
DimensionUpdate
Dimension Update Dimension.

, : , -
.
DIMSTYLE
Dimension Style Manager . 11.35.
DimensionDimension Style... Dimension
Style Dimension.
290 11.
Dimension Style Manager -

:
Set Current ;
New ;
Modify ;
Override ;
Compare
;

;
;
.
. 11.35.
. -
.
:
, -,
;
, ;
;
;
, ;
.
AutoCAD .
ISO-25 (International Standards
291
Organization), . STANDARD
ANSI (American National Standards Institute, ),
. ,
STANDARD . DIN (Deutsches Institut fur Normung,
) JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards, ) -
AutoCAD DIN JIS.

. -
,
.
Dimension Style Manager New....
Create New Dimension Style . 11.36.
. 11.36.
New Style Name: .

Start With: ,
.
Use for: :
All dimensions ;
Linear dimensions ;
Angular dimensions ;
Radius dimensions ;
Diameter dimensions ;
Ordinate dimensions ;
Leaders and Tolerances .
New
Dimension Style, . ,
, .
Lines (. 11.37) :
Dimension lines :
Color: ;
Linetype: ;
292 11.
Lineweight: ;
Extend beyond ticks: ;
Baseline spacing: ;
Suppress: : Dim line 1 ;
Dim line 2 ;
Extension lines :
Color: ;
Linetype ext line 1: ;
Linetype ext line 2: ;
Lineweight: ;
Suppress: : Ext line 1 ;
Ext line 2 ;
Extend beyond dim lines: ;
Offset from origin: ;
Fixed length extension lines ;
Length: .
. 11.37. :
293
Symbols and Arrows (. 11.38)
:
Arrowheads :
First: ;
Second: ;
Leader: -;
Arrow size: ;
. 11.38. :

Center marks ;
None: ;
Mark: ;
Line: ;
Size: ;
Arc length symbol :
Preceding dimension text -
;
294 11.
Above dimension text

;
None ;
Radius jog dimension :
Jog angle: .
Text : , -
, ,
. (. 11.39):
Text appearance :
Text style: .
, ,
, Text Style;
Text color: ;
Fill color: ;
Text height: . -
, ,
Text height:. ,
Text,
0;
Fraction height scale: ;
Draw frame around text ;
Text placement
, :
Vertical: : Centered ,
; Above -
. X Y; Outside
-
X Y; JIS ,
. -
;
Horizontal: : Centered
; At Ext Line 1

; At Ext Line 2 ; Over Ext Line 1
; Over Ext Line 2 ;
Offset from dim line: ;
Text alignment :
Horizontal ;
Aligned with dimension line ;
ISO standart ISO.
295
. 11.39. ,

Fit -
, (. 11.40).
:
Fit options ,
.
:
Either text or arrows (best fit) , ;
Arrows ;
Text ;
Both text and arrows ;
Always keep text between ext lines -
;
Suppress arrows if they don't fit inside extension lines
, ;
Text placement
,
:
296 11.
. 11.40. ,
Beside the dimension line .

, ;
Over dimension line, with leader
;
Over dimension line, without leader -
;
Scale for dimension features
:
Scale dimensions to layout
;
Use overall scale of: -
, ,
, . -
, , .
1.
, ;
Fine tuning :
Place text manually ;
Draw dim line between ext lines -
, .
297
Primary Units -
, (. 11.41):
Linear dimensions , , -
, :
Unit format: : Scientific , Decimal
, Engineering , Architectural ,
Fractional Windows Desktop Windows.

;
Precision: ,
;
Fraction format: : Horizontal -
, Diagonal Not Stacked
;
Decimal separator: : Period ,
Comma Space . , -
Windows, AutoCAD , -
;
Round off: -
. ,
.
, ;
Prefix: , .
, -
AutoCAD -
.
;
Suffix: , .
-
;
Measurement scale
:
Scale factor: (, ,
, , , , ) -
;
Apply to layout dimensions only
, ;
Zero suppression :
Leading ;
Traling ;
0 feet 0 ;
0 inches 0 ;
298 11.
Angular dimensions -
:
Units format: : Decimal Degrees ,
Degrees Minutes Seconds //, Gradians ,
Radians ;
Precision: ;
Zero suppression :
Leading ;
Traling .
. 11.41. ,

Alternate Units -
,
(. 11.42). -
,
, . -
[]
.
Display alternate
units:
299
. 11.42. ,

Alternate units :
Unit format: : Scientific , Decimal -
, Engineering , Architectural Stacked ,
Fractional Stacked , Architectural , Fractional
Windows Desktop Windows;
Precision ;
Multiplier for alt units: . -

( 0.03937, -
);
Round distances to: ;
Prefix: ;
Suffix: ;
Zero suppression :
Leading ;
Traling ;
0 feet 0 ;
0 inches 0 ;
300 11.
Placement :
After primary value
;
Below primary value
, .
Tolerances
, ,
(. 11.43):
Tolerance format
:
Method: : None
; Symmetrical ,
Deviation ; Limits -
; Basic
, -
;
Precision ;
Upper value: -
. AutoCAD -
;
Lower value: -
;
. 11.43. ,
301
Scaling for height: -
;
Vertical position:
: Bottom ;
Middle ; Top ;
Alternate unit tolerance -
:
Precision: ;
Zero suppression :
Leading ;
Traling ;
0 feet 0 ;
0 inches 0 .
RS1RS6 4 3.
Compare Dimension Style Manager

(. . 11.35)
.
Compare Dimension Styles (. 11.44).
. 11.44.
Compare: , .
With: , .
All properties for dimension styles -
:
Description ;
Variable .
12

303

AutoCAD -
. -
. , , -
, .
, .
.
HIGHLIGHT, -
.
, AutoCAD
. :
Select objects:
. -
,
.
,
, .
.
. , ,
, , ,
.
:
Add .
, ;
ALL , , -
, ;
AUto , .
,
;
BOX .
, Window,
Crossing;
Crossing ,
. Select
objects: ,
. ,
.
:
304 12.
Select objects: C
Specify rst corner:

CPolygon Crossing Wpolygon
,
. ,
. ;
, -
.
.
:
Select objects: CP -
First polygon point:

Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: -
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: -
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: Enter -

Fence , .
.
-
.
:
First fence point:
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]:
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: Enter -

Group ;
Last , ;
Multiple .
,
Enter ;
305
Previous ;
Remove ;
SIngle .
,
;
Undo () ;
Window , . -
Select objects:
, -
;
WPolygon Window,
, , -
.
PICKDRAG , -
. PICKDRAG ( -
),
.
,
. ,
Ctrl: ,
,
.

ToolsOptions... Options.
User Preferences. -
Selection Options. -
AutoCAD.
-
, , ., -
. ,
, , ,
.
Quick Select -
. Object Selection Filters
.
, , -
, . ,
, ByLayer, .
, , ,
306 12.
, ByLayer, . -
Quick Select
.

ToolsQuick Select...
Quick Select (. 12.1).
. 12.1.
Apply to: , -
:
Entire drawing ;
Current srlection .
Select objects .
Object type: .
Properties: .
Operator: :
= Equals ;
<> Not Equal ;
> Greater than ;
307
< Less than ;

Select All .
Value: .
How to apply: :
Include in new selection set ;
Exclude from new selection set ;
Append to current selection set .

Select objects:
'lter Object Selection Filters, . 12.2, -
-.
Select Filter : ACIS-, ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , DWF, ,
, , , , , -
, , , , -
, , , , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , ,
, AND, AND, OR, OR, NOT,
NOT, XOR, XOR:
Select ;
Add to List: ;
Substitute ;
Add Selected Object< .
Edit Item .
Delete .
Clear List .
Named Filters :
Current: ;
Save As: ;
Delete Current Filter List .
Apply .
Cancel .
Help .
308 12.
. 12.2. -

,
(. 12.3).
. 12.3.
-
,
. , -
.
, .
, , , -
, . -
309
Esc. , , -
Shift .
GRIPBLOCK.
1, , , 0,
.
DDGRIPS. -
Selection Options.
ToolsOptions. . . (.
AutoCAD).
,
.
: Move , Mirror , Rotate -
, Scale Stretch .
, -
Enter. ,
Stretch S Enter ,
Stretch.
Command:, Esc.

(. 12.4), -
.
. 12.4.

Shift, .
, Stretch
, , ,
.
Copy , -
.
,
Enter .
310 12.
AutoCAD
Modify Modify (. 12.5).
. 12.5.

ERASE () . -
ModifyErase Erase
Modify.
ERASE:
Select objects:
Select objects:
, , -
.
ERASE -
OOPS. -
, .
311
.
(. 12.6).
ERASE, ModifyErase
Erase Modify. :
_ERASE
Select objects: W
Specify rst corner: 1
Specify opposite corner: 2
Select objects: 3
. 12.6.
Er1Er3 4.

COPY . -
ModifyCopy Copy
Modify.
COPY:
Select objects:
Specify base point or [Displacement/mOde] <Displacement>: -

312 12.
Specify second point or <use rst point as displacement>: -

Specify second point or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:

Enter
Specify second point or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:
, , -
. .
-
Enter.
.
(. 12.7).
COPY, ModifyCopy
Copy Modify. :
_COPY
Select objects: 1
Specify base point or [Displacement/mOde] <Displacement>: -

2
3
Specify second point or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>: 4
Specify second point or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>: Enter

. 12.7.
Co1 Co2 4.
313

MIRROR . -
ModifyMirror Mirror
Modify.
MIRROR:
Select objects:
Specify rst point of mirror line: -
Specify second point of mirror line: -
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:
, -
. - , -
-
.

, MIRRTEXT 0. -
. ,
, . MIRROR
,
. MIRRTEXT
, TEXT, DTEXT, MTEXT,
, . -
, ,
, MIRRTEXT.
.
,
(. 12.8).
MIRROR, ModifyMirror -
Mirror Modify. :
_MIRROR
Select objects: W
314 12.
Specify rst point of mirror line: END 3 -

Specify second point of mirror line: END 4 -

Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Enter

. 12.8.
Mi1Mi3 4.

OFFSET ()
. ModifyOffset
Offset Modify.
, , , ,
, , , . -
, , , ,
. , -
, .
OFFSET:
Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo]
<Exit>:
Current settings: Erase source=No Layer=Source OFFSETGAPTYPE=0

Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <Through>: -

315
Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:

Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <Exit>:
,

,
Enter
OFFSET:
Through . -
:
Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <Through>:
T

Specify through point or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <Exit>: ,

Enter
Erase ;
Layer :
;
Multiple (-
) .
OFFSETDIST.
OFFSETGAPTYPE ,
.
.
(. 12.9).
OFFSET, ModifyOffset -
Offset Modify. :
_OFFSET
Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <Through>:
15
316 12.
Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>: 1

2
Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>: 3
4
. . .
Select object to offset or <exit>: Enter -

. 12.9.
Of1 4.

ARRAY . -
ModifyArray... Array
Modify. Array,
.
Rectangular Array
(. 12.10):
Rows: Columns: ;
Offset distance and direction -
. -
,
:
Row offset: ;
Columns offset: ;
Angle of array: ;
317
Pick Both Offsets
;
Pick Row offset -
;
Pick Column offset
;
Pick Angle of Array -
;
Tip :
,
.
Select objects .
, Preview< -
.
. 12.10.
Polar Array (. 12.11):

Center point: X: Y:, -
;
Pick Center Point
;
Method: -
:
Total number of items & Angle to fill -
;
318 12.
. 12.11.
Total number of items & Angle between items

;
Angle to fill & Angle between items -
;

:
Total number of items: ;
Angle to fill: ;
Angle between items: ;
Pick Angle to Fill
;
Pick Angle between Items
;
Tip :
, -
;
Rotate items as copied
;
Object base point,
More:
319
Set to object's default ;
Base point: X Y
;
Pick Base Point
.
Ar1 Ar2 4.

MOVE . -
ModifyMove Move
Modify.
MOVE:
Select objects:
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>:


.
,
, (. 12.12).
MOVE, ModifyMove
Move Modify. :
_MOVE
Select objects: W
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: CEN -
3
Specify second point or <use rst point as displacement>: INT
4
320 12.
. 12.12.
Mo1 Mo2 4.

ROTATE . -
ModifyRotate Rotate -
Modify.
ROTATE:
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise
ANGBASE=0
Select objects:
Specify base point:
Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: -
ROTATE:
Copy ROTATE -
;
Reference .
:
ANGBASE=0
Select objects:
321
Specify base point:
Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: R

Specify the reference angle <0>:
Specify the new angle or [Points] <0>:
.
45 (. 12.13).
ROTATE, ModifyRotate -
Rotate Modify. :
_ROTATE
ANGBASE=0
Select objects: 1
Specify base point: CEN 2 -

Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: 45
. 12.13.
Ro1Ro3 4.

SCALE .
ModifyScale Scale
Modify.
322 12.
SCALE:
Select objects:
Specify base point:
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <default>:

X Y -
. , ,
.
,
, .
,
.

.
, , -
.
SCALE:
Copy SCALE -
;
Reference
.
:
Select objects:
Specify base point:
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <default>: R

Specify reference length <default>: -
Specify new length or [Points] <default>:

Reference -
. , -
, -
(, ) SCALE,
, Reference, ,
, .
.
323
.
2,5 (. 12.14).
SCALE, ModifyScale
Scale Modify. :
_SCALE
Select objects: W
Specify base point: 3
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.0000>: 2.5 -

. 12.14.
Sc1Sc3 4.

STRETCH ,
.
ModifyStretch Stretch
Modify.
STRETCH:
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or
crossing-polygon...

324 12.
Select objects:


STRETCH:
STRETCH Displace-
ment, -
. .

Crossing Cpolygon. ,
, STRETCH ,
MOVE. , , , -
, :
.
, (-
) .
STRETCH ,
.
, , ,
.
, -
. ,
(
STRETCH, ),
, -
.
STRETCH ,
, ,
,
.
.
(. 12.15).
STRETCH, ModifyStretch
Stretch Modify.
:
_STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or
crossing-polygon...
325
Select objects: C
3
4
. 12.15.
St1St3 4.

LENGTHEN, , -
ModifyLengthen.
LENGTHEN .
LENGTHEN:
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]:

Current length:
LENGTHEN:
Delta ,
. Delta -
. -
, -
. :
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: DE

326 12.
Enter delta length or [Angle] <0.0000>:

Angle,
Select an object to change or [Undo]: -
Select an object to change or [Undo]: Enter -

Percent
. :
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: P

Enter percentage length <100.0000>:

Total -
, . Total
-
. :
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: T

Specify total length or [Angle] <1.0000)>:
Angle,

Dynamic . -

, . -
:
Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: DY

Specify new end point:

327
Specify new end point:


TRIM, -
, ModifyTrim
Trim Modify.
TRIM:
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: ,
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or

[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]:
( Shift )
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: Enter

, , , -
, , , , . ,
, .
,
.
.
TRIM:
Fence .
-
.
;
Crossing . -
, .
328 12.

;
Project
:
None ,
;
Ucs XY -
, ;
View -
, ;
Edge -
,
.
Edge Extend,
,
:
Extend ;
No extend , -
;
eRase .
, TRIM.
.
, (. 12.16).
TRIM, ModifyTrim
Trim Modify. :
_TRIM
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: 1

[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: 2
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: 3
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: Enter

329
. 12.16.
Tr1 4.

EXTEND,
, ModifyExtend -
Extend Modify.
EXTEND:
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: , -

Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or

[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo]: (
Shift )
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter -

.
, -
, .

. 90,
, , -
.
, -
. , -
0.
330 12.
, . ,
, .
,
.
.
,
, , , -
. , -
. :
;
;
, ;
.
, , .
,
.
,
. ,
; ,
.
EXTEND:
Fence .
-
.
;
Crossing . -
, -
.
;
Project -
:
None ,
;
Ucs XY -
, ;
View -
, ;
Edge -
.
,
:
331
Extend ;
No extend .
, ,
. ,
.
.
(. 12.17).
EXTEND, ModifyExtend
Extend Modify. -
:
_EXTEND
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: 1

[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo]: 2
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter -

. 12.17.
Ex1 4.
332 12.

BREAK, , -
ModifyBreak Break
Modify.
BREAK:
Select objects:
Specify second break point or [First point]:
BREAK:
First point , , -
:
Specify second break point or [First point]: F

Specify rst break point:
Specify second break point:

, , , , -
, , .
,
, ,
.
,
. , ,
, .
@ .
BREAK, , -
Break at Point Modify.
:
Select objects:
Specify second break point or [First point]: F

Specify rst break point:
Specify second break point: @
.
,
(. 12.18).
333
BREAK, ModifyBreak -
Break Modify. :
_BREAK
Select object: 1
Specify second break point or [First point]: 2
. 12.18.
Br1 4.

JOIN
.
ModifyJoin Join
Modify.
JOIN:
Select source object: : ,
, , ,

, , -
JOIN:
,
, :
Select source object:
Select lines to join to source: ,

Select lines to join to source: Enter

,
. ,
, XY ;
334 12.
-
, ,
,
. cLose . -
-
:
Select arcs to join to source or [cLose]: ,

Select arcs to join to source: Enter

, . cLose
.
-
:
Select elliptical arcs to join to source or [cLose]:
,
Select elliptical arcs to join to source: Enter

. :
Select splines or helixes to join to source:
,
Select splines or helixes to join to source: Enter

. .

CHAMFER . -
ModifyChamfer
Chamfer Modify.
CHAMFER:
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 0.0000, Dist2 = 0.0000 -
,
335
Select rst line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/
Multiple]:
Select second line or shift-select to apply corner:

, -
. , ,
.
, -
.
, -
. ,
, ,
.
,
. . -
, .
,
, .
CHAMFER :
Multiple
.
Undo.
-
Shift .
CHAMFER:
Undo ;
Polyline , -
. , -
. -
, ;
Distance , -
, -
.
, , -
.
.
, -
, .
.
336 12.
. Distance
:
,
Multiple]: D
Specify rst chamfer distance <default>:
Specify second chamfer distance <default>:
Angle -
. Distance -
:
,
Multiple]: A
Specify chamfer length on the rst line:
Specify chamfer angle from the rst line:

Multiple]:
Select second line or shift-select to apply corner:
Shift ,
Trim , .
, ,
. , -
.
. TRIMMODE -
1. 0. -
.
, , -
;
mEthod :
, ;
Multiple .
, -
, Enter
.
337
.
, (. 12.19).
CHAMFER, ModifyChamfer
Chamfer Modify. -
:
_CHAMFER
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 0.0000, Dist2 = 0.0000
Multiple]: D
Specify rst chamfer distance <0.0000>: 20
Specify second chamfer distance <20.0000>: Enter,
,
Multiple]: P
Select 2D polyline: 1
4 lines were chamfered
_CHAMFER
Multiple]: D
Specify rst chamfer distance <20.0000>: 30
Specify second chamfer distance <30.0000>: Enter,
,
Multiple]: 2
Select second line or shift-select to apply corner 3
_CHAMFER
Multiple]: 4
Select second line or shift-select to apply corner 5
Ch1 Ch2 4.
338 12.
. 12.19.

FILLET () .
ModifyFillet -
Fillet Modify.
FILLET:
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10.0000
Select rst object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: -

Select second object or shift-select to apply corner:

-
. AutoCAD -
.
, -
. .
, .
, ( ) ,
, , , ( ) . -
, .
.
, -
.
,
. , .

. AutoCAD , -
.

. ,
. -
339
,
, .
; .
,
. Shift
, 0.
FILLET:
Undo ;
Polyline , -
,
.
, , FILLET
. :
Select rst object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]:
P
Select 2D polyline: 2D-
Radius , , -
. 0.5000
. -
, -
. :
R
Specify llet radius <default>:
Trim ,
;
Multiple .
,
, Enter .
.
, (. 12.20).
FILLET, ModifyFillet -
Fillet Modify. :
_FILLET
340 12.

R
Specify llet radius <0.5000>: 50
P
Select 2D polyline: 1
4 lines were lleted
_FILLET
R
Specify llet radius <50.0000>: 20
2
3
_FILLET
4
5
. 12.20.
Fi1Fi3, 57 4.
341

EXPLODE
. ModifyExplode
Explode Modify.
EXPLODE:
Select objects:

-
, , . , ,
, .
,
,
. EXPLODE -
, , ,
, :
Exploding this polyline has lost width information.
The UNDO command will restore it.
,
EXPLODE
. , ,
.
, .
,
X, Y Z, .
.
, .
Ep1 4.
13

AutoCAD
13. AutoCAD 343
AutoCAD. -
, ,
. -
, ,
,
AutoCAD.
, . 13.1,
.
. 13.1.
1. NEW,
FileNew... QNew
.
2.
Create New Drawing Use a Wizard. Select a Wizard:
Quick Setup.
344 13. AutoCAD
3. QuickSetup Units -
Decimal. Area
210 , 297 . .
4. GRID -
F7.
5. ZOOM,
ViewZoomAll Zoom All -
(. Z2 2).
6. 5 Drafting
Settings, ToolsDrafting Settings...
Settings... ,
SNAP . -
Snap spacing Snap X spacing: Snap Y spacing:.
7. QSAVE,
FileSave Save
.
8. 4 ( ,
). INSERT, -
InsertBlock... Insert Block
Draw.
Insert (. In1 4).
9. Layer Properties Manager,
FormatLayer...
Layer Properties Manager Layers (. La
3). 4 :
;
;
;
.
10. Layer Properties Manager
: 0.8; , ,
0.3.
Center2. -
.
11. Text Style,
FormatText Style.... Font
Font Name: simplex.shx; Oblique Angle:
15; Height: 0 ()
(. T7 2).
12. .
. DTEXT,
DrawTextSingle Line Text Dtext
13. AutoCAD 345
. -
Fit DTEXT (. T4 2).
13. , -
(. Test1 2).
14. SNAP
F9.
15. RECTANG
CIRCLE . -
LINE
(. C1, Re1, L4 2).
16. LINE -
.
17.
BHATCH, DrawHatch...
Hatch Draw. -
BHATCH Hatch and Gradient,
: Pattern: ANSI31; Scale: 2;
Angle: 0 (. H1 3).
18. (. R1R11 3).
, DIMSTYLE
Dimension Style Manager.
DimensionDimension Style... Dimension
Style Styles (. RS1RS6 3).
Arrow size:, 5;
Offset from origin: 0,
; Text style:
; Text height: 3.5, Offset from dim line:
1.3.
19. ()
LWT , .
20. .
14

347
AutoCAD
. ,

XY.
, , XY,
X, Y Z.
, , -
ToolsInquiry
(. 14.1).
. 14.1. ,

DIST ,
ToolsInquiryDistance Distance
Inquiry.
DIST:
Specify rst point:
Specify second point:
348 14.
Distance =
Angle in XY Plane = XY
Angle from XY Plane = XY
Delta X = X
Delta Y = Y
Delta Z = Z
DIST .
Z , Distance
.
XY X, XY
XY. -
.

AREA .
ToolsInquiryArea -
Area Inquiry.
, ,
, , XY
. -
, ,
. -
.
AREA:
Specify rst corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]:

Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total:

Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total: -
Enter
Area =
Perimeter =
AREA:
Object
. , , ,
, , . -
349
,
.
.
() ;
Add -
.
, ;
Subtract
.
-
AREA PERIMETER.

MASSPROP .
ToolsInquiryRegion/Mass Properties
Region/Mass Properties
Inquiry.
MASSPROP . -
.
, MASSPROP, ,
-
XY . -
, .
MASSPROP:
Select objects:
---------------- SOLIDS ----------------
Mass:
Volume:
Bounding box: X:
Y:
Z:
Centroid: X:
Y:
Z:
350 14.
Moments of inertia: X:
Y:
Z:
Products of inertia: XY:
YZ:
ZX:
Radii of gyration: X:
Y:
Z:
Principal moments and X-Y-Z directions about centroid:
X-Y-Z
I:
J:
K:
Write analysis to a le? [Yes/No] <N>: ,

, :
. , -
;
, ;
-
, ;
. ,
;
,
(,
). , -
;
,
, .
.
, ;
-
.
;
351
X, Y, Z -
-
. , ,
. ,
,
. , -
, .
, :
;
.
;
. ,
XY ,

, . , -
XY , -
-
, ;
-
. , XY ,
. , XY
, .
, -
, XY :
-
, ,
.
;
,
, .
.
, ;

. ;
X, Y, Z -
-
. , ,
. ,
,
. , -
, .
352 14.

LIST
. ToolsInquiryList
List Inquiry.
LIST ,
, , X, Y, Z , -
, ( ).
, .
LIST
.

ID .
ToolsInquiryID Point Locate Point
Inquiry.

,
@.
TIME . -
ToolsInquiryTime.
TIME :
Current time: 24-

Times for this drawing:
Created:
Last updated: -
,
Total editing time: , -

. ,
. , -
353

Elapsed timer (on): , -

. ,

Next automatic save in: <disabled> , -

Enter option [Display/ON/OFF/Reset]:
TIME:
Display -
;
ON ,
;
OFF
, ;
Reset -
0 00:00:00.000.

STATUS -
, . -
ToolsInquiryStatus.
STATUS :
(, ), (,
). STATUS DIM, -
,
.
, STATUS :
Model space limits are .
X, Y , -
LIMMIN. X, Y -
, LIMMAX.
Off Y
;
Model space uses ,
.
X, Y .
X, Y . Over -
Y , ;
354 14.
Display shows , -
. X, Y
. X, Y ;
Insertion base is ,
INSBASE X, Y, Z;
Snap resolution is
X Y, SNAPUNIT;
Grid spacing is X Y, -
GRIDUNIT;
Current space: , ( )
;
Current layout: Model ;
Current layer: , -
CLAYER;
Current color: , -
CECOLOR;
Current linetype: , -
CELTYPE;
Current material: ;
Current lineweight: , -
CELWEIGHT;
Current elevation: ,
ELEVATION;
thickness: , -
THICKNESS;
Fill / ;
Grid / ;
Ortho / ;
Qtext / ;
Snap / ;
Tablet / ;
Object snap modes: ,
OSNAP;
Free dwg disk (C:) space: -
, ;
Free temp disk (C:) space: -
, ;
Free physical memory:
;
Free swap le space:
.
355

SETVAR ,
. ToolsInquirySet Variable.
SETVAR:
Enter variable name or [?]: ,

Enter new value for NAME: -
Enter
-
. Command:
.
SETVAR:
? , -
. :
Enter variable name or [?]: ?
Enter variable(s) to list <*>: -
Enter
,
,
:
;
;

;
;
;

;
,
, ;
, ;
.
QUICKCALC . -
ToolsPalettesQuickCalc QuickCalc
(CTRL+8) Standard (. 14.2).
356 14.
. 14.2.
: , , ,
More/Less, , , -
, .
-
:
Clear ;
Clear History ;
Get Coordinates ,
;
Distance Between Two Points ,
;
357
Angle of Line Defined by Two Points ,
;
Intersection of Two Lines Defined by Four Points
, , -
;
Help (F1) .
-
. ,

(. 14.3):
Expression Font Color ;
Value Font Color ;
Copy ;
Append Expression to Input Area ;
Append Value to Input Area ;
Clear History .
. 14.3.
.
= Enter
.
More/Less -
. ,
(. 14.4):
Number Pad ;
Scientific ;
Units Conversion ;
Variables .
. 14.4. More/Less
Number Pad ,
, .
358 14.
= .
,
:
C (Clear) ;
(Bascspace) ,
;
V (Square Root (sqrt)) ;
1/x (Inverse) , -
;
x^2 (X to the Pover of 2) ;
x^3 (X to the Pover of 3) -
3;
x^y (X to the Pover of Y) -
;
( ) -
. ,
, , ;
= ;
MS (Store To Memory) -
;
M+ (Add to Value Stored in Memory) ,
;
MR (Restore Memory Value) , -
;
MC (Clear Memory) , .
Scientific ,
, , ,
. -
:
sin (Sine) , ;
cos (Cosine) , ;
tan (Tangent) , ;
log (Base-10 Log) ,
;
10^x (Base-10 Exponent) 10 ,
;
asin (Arcsine) , .
-1 1;
acos (Arccosine) , .
-1 1;
atan (Arctangent) , ;
359
ln (Natural Log) ,
;
e^x (Natural Exponent) , -
;
r2d (Convert Radians to Degrees) ;
d2r (Convert Degrees to Radians) ;
abs (Absolute Value) ,
;
rnd (Round) , , -
;
trunc (Truncate) , .
Units Conversion
.
:
Units type :
Length ;
Area ;
Volume ;
Angular ;
Convert from : ,
, , , , , ,
, ;
Convert to ,
Convert from;
Value to convert ;
Converted value -
;
Return Conversion to Calculator Input Area
.
Variables
, -
.
, -
.
, . -
:
dee ;
ille , ;
mee , ;
nee XY,
;
360 14.
rad , ;
vee ;
vee1 .
:
New Variable -
Variable Definition (. 14.5):
Variable type : Contannt -
; Function
;
Variable properties : Name:
, -
; Group with:
; Value or expression: -
; Descrition: -
;
. 14.5.
Edit Variable
Variable Definition ;
Delete ;
Return Variable to Input Area ,
.
15

AutoCAD

362 15.
AutoCAD , ,
.
, -
- ,
,
. . -
,
.

Model Space -
Paper Space, . ,
. -
, -
.
-
,
, ,
, ,
. , -
,
.
, , ,
. -
,
.
, , (-
) ,
. -
. , -
, , -
, .
.
AutoCAD ;
, ( ) -
. -
Model, . -
Model , .
, , .
Model ,
.
Layout ,
. AutoCAD
,
363
.
.
, , .

(DWT DWG).
(Model Space) AutoCAD, -

, .
, AutoCAD ,
,
Model (. 15.1) MODEL .
AutoCAD ,
: ,
( , ,
.) .
. 15.1.

(); . -
, ,
, . ,
, , -
.
(Paper Space) AutoCAD,
, , -
() .
, .
364 15.
,
, -
. , ,
, -
.
AutoCAD, -
, .
, (-
, ).
; -
.
, .
(viewport) ,
.
, ,
. , AutoCAD
,
PAPER AutoCAD
(. 15.2).
. 15.2.
365
;
.
,
Layout Model.
, .
Model,
MSPACE . -
, Layout
LAYOUT .
, ,
( - -
). ,
.
, ,
.
MODEL/PAPER . -
,
.
, -
. AutoCAD -
Layout,
.
.
,
.
.
Layout AutoCAD -
(. . 15.2).
, . -
.
Display
Options. , -
Page Setup
Manager.
: -
,
.
,
-
.
-
Layout New layout.
366 15.
Layout -
Rename.
Spa1 Spa2 5.

-
. Create Layout,
. 15.3, ToolsWizardsCreate Layout. . .
LAYOUTWIZARD .
. 15.3. ,
.
Begin ,
(. . 15.3).
,
. -
, , ,
.
.
Printer
(. 15.4). ,
, ,
Windows .
367
. 15.4. ,
Paper Size (. 15.5).

. -
:
. 15.5. ,
Drawing units : Millimeters ,

Inches , Pixels . : -
1 ,
(
ISO). 1 ,
;
368 15.
Paper size in units

: Width: , Height: .
Orientation (. 15.6):
Portrait ;
Landscape .
. 15.6. ,
Title Block (. 15.7), -

.
,
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ISO
(International Standards Organization). , -
,
, , , -
. ANSI , ISO, DIN
JIS . ANSI A
10 8 .
A4 (297 210), , -
.
Path: .
Preview .
Type : Block ; Xref .
Define Viewports (. 15.8):
Viewport setup :
None ;
Single ;
369
. 15.7. ,
. 15.8. ,
Std. 3D Engineering Views :

2 2, , , -
;
Array ;
Viewport scale: . -
Scaled to Fit . ,
,
. 1:1;
370 15.
Rows: ;
Spacing between rows: ;
Columns: ;
Spacing between columns: .
Pick Location (. 15.9).
Select location<
, .
. 15.9. ,
Finish .
: , -
,
FilePage Setup Manager....

,
Layout .
; -

.
Page Setup Manager,
,
371
,
Layout (. 15.10).
(. 15.11):
Device name: ;
Plotter: ;
Plot size: ;
Where: ;
Description: ;
Display when creating a new layout
Page Setup
.
. 15.10. Layout
, Page
Setup Manager Modify,
Page Setup (. 15.12).
Page setup .
DWG , Page Setup .
,
.
372 15.
. 15.11.
. 15.12.
373
Printer/plotter
()
:
Name: PC3- ,
()
.
PC3- ;
Properties Plotter
Configuration Editor,
, , ;
Plotter: ,
;
Where: -
;
Description: , -
.
Plotter Configuration
Editor;
,
.
.
Paper size ,
. ,
. ,

, . -
(, BMP- TIFF-)
/, .
Plot area . What to
plot: , :
Display ;
Extens ;
Layout ;
Window .
Plot offset (origin set to printable area)

, Specify plot offset relative to -
Options, Plot and Publish:
X X
,
Specify plot offset relative to Options, Plot
and Publish;
374 15.
Y Y
,
Specify plot offset relative to Options, Plot
and Publish;
Center the plot , -
X Y , .
, Layout.
Plot scale ,
. Layout 1:1. -
Model Fit to paper:
Fit to paper ,
. Scale:, inches = unit
;
Scale: . Custom
.
( ), ;
inches=/mm=/picsel= ,
, ;
unit
, ;
Scale lineweights -
. , , -
, ,
.
Plot style table (pen assignments)
( ),
:
,
Model Layout,
. New,
,
. ,
( );
Display plot styles ,
, ;
Edit Plot Style Table Editor,
, -
:
General (. 15.13) -
, :
, , ,
. Apply global scale factor
to non-ISO linetypes ,
ISO;
375
Table View Form View (. 15.14, 15.15) -
:
Name .
. -
. -
, 255 ;
Description ;
Color , ;
Enable dithering ,
-
, AutoCAD
( ).
, . -
,
- . , -
. ,
;
Convert to grayscale ( , -
). -
, RGB;
Use assigned pen # , -
, .
. -
1 32. ,
Use object color, -
.
Automatic;
Virtual pen # 1 255.

. -
, , ,
;
Screening . 0
100. 0 ,
100 .
Enable dithering;
Linetype
;
Adaptive adjustment
, -
. ,
. ,
. -
, ,
,
;
376 15.
Lineweight
. ;
Line End Style -
: Butt , Square , Round Diamond -
;
Line Join style -
: Miter , bevel , Round Diamond ;
Fill Style : Solid
, Checkerboard , Crosshatch , Diamonds
, Horizontal Bars , Slant Left -
, Slant Right , Square Dots
Vertical Bars ;
Add Style -
;
Delete Style
;
Edit Lineweights
Edit Lineweights.
. 15.13. ,
377
. 15.14. ,
. 15.15. ,
378 15.
Shaded viewport options -

(/):
Shade plot .
, ,
Tools Properties.
Model :
As displayed ,
;
Wireframe ,
, ;
Hidden , ,
;
3D Hidden 3D Hidden
;
3D Wireframe
3D Wireframe ;
Conceptual -
;
Realistic -
;
Rendered
, ;
Draft ;
Low ;
Medium ;
High ;
Presentation ;
Quality -
.
:
Draft -
;
Preview
1/4 -
, 150 /;
Normal
1/2
, 300 /;
379
Presentation
-
, 600 /;
Maximum

;
Custom
,
DPI ;
DPI (/) -
. -
.
, Quality Custom.
Plot options :
Plot object lineweights , ,
. ,
Plot with plot styles;
Plot with plot styles , ,
. -
Plot object lineweights;
Plot paperspace last ,
;
Hide paperspace objects ,
. -.
-
, .
Drawing orientation -
, :
Portrait , -
;
Landscape ,
;
Plot upside-down 180;

, .

PLOTROTMODE.
Preview
, .
Esc Enter.
380 15.
, Page Setup Manager

, Show Page Setup Manager for
new layouts Display Options.
AutoCAD , -
Create viewport in new layouts.
, ,
.
, .
, ,
, .
,
, .

AutoCAD
AutoCAD DesignCenter -
. -
:
AutoCAD
;
AutoCAD,
Copy ,
EditPaste;
.
AutoCAD -
, -
, .
-
, PURGE.

(viewport) ,
.
-
(. 15.16).
. -
. -
. -
381
,
. -
.
. 15.16.

. -
. .
, -
.
, .
:
;
;
;
( ).
, ,
.
AutoCAD
,
. -
.
.
-
.
-
. -

.
382 15.
,

VIEW, View
Manager . . 15.17. -
ViewNamed Views... Named Views
View.
. 15.17.
New...
New View, . 15.18, .
View Name: .
View category: .
,
.
Boundary :
Current display
;
383
. 15.18.
Define window , -

;
Define view window
.
Settings :
Save layer snapshot with view
;
UCS:
;
Live section: ,
;
384 15.
Visual style: :
None ;
Current ;
2D Wreframe ;
3D Hidden ;
3D Wreframe ;
Conceptual ;
Realistic .
Background , -
2D Wreframe:

Background (. 15.19),
:
Type: : Solid , Gradient , Image ;
Gradient options : Three color , Top color:
, Middle color: , Bottom color: ,
Rotation: ;
Preview ;
Current override: ,
.
... Override default background,
Background, .
. 15.19.
385

-
,
() .

, .
, :
, , - .
,
.
:
, ,
;

;

;
-
.

.
UCSVP ,
.
, ,
.
, .

.
.
TILEMODE 1,
VPORTS, -
Viewports . 15.20. -
,
. VPORTS -
ViewViewportsNew Viewports...
Display Viewports Dialog
Viewports.
386 15.
. 15.20.

,
, .
() ,
.
, ,
. -
, ,
.
. ,
(, ) -
, .
,
.

.
. ,
, . ,

. -
.
387
, -
. -
, , -
.

, .
. ,
.
, -
.
, -
.
MVIEW.
( -
)
MVSETUP.
-
. ,
.
-
, . -
, ,
, , .
, -
, . -
, , ,
, -
. , . -
;
.

.
.
, , -
.
-
. , -
, .

. -
.
388 15.
AutoCAD,
, : , , , ,
. -
; . -
,
Properties ToolsProperties.
-
.

.
,

. , , 1:1. -

. ,
1:4, -
.

Properties Viewports.

-
,
.

, , ,
. ,
.
-
.
, , , , -
.
VPORTS
Object Polygonal.
VPORTS:
Object ,
.
ViewViewportsObject. VPORTS -
:
389
Specify corner of viewport or
[ON/OFF/Fit/Shadeplot/Lock/Object/Polygonal/Restore/2/3/4]
<Fit>: _o
Select object to clip viewport: -

,
. ( , -
), .
; .
: AutoCAD -
, , -
.
Polygonal
-. , -
.
ViewViewportsPolygonal Viewport.
VPORTS :
Specify corner of viewport or
[ON/OFF/Fit/Shadeplot/Lock/Object/Polygonal/Restore/2/3/4]
<Fit>: _p -

Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undo]:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo]:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo]:

,
.
Vpr1Vpr3 9 5.
16

16. 391
,
,
, :
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
, .
AutoCAD : ,
. -
.
.

, -
. AutoCAD -
-
, .
.
, ,
. AutoCAD
.
:
( x, y z)
;
( XY) -
;

.
, AutoCAD -
,
.
, , -
, -
.
, .
392 16.
POINT, ,
DrawPoint Point
Draw. x, y, z.
POINT:
Current point modes: PDMODE=0 PDSIZE=0.0000
Specify a point:
AutoCAD
(. 16.1). X ,
Y , Z ,
X Y ( XY). -
(0,0,0).
. 16.1.
XY, XZ, YZ,

. ,
XY Z.
LINE, ,
DrawLine Line Draw.
393
LINE:
Specify rst point:
,
x, y, z.
-
,
.

3DPOLY, ,
, Draw
3D Polyline.
3DPOLY:
Specify start point of polyline:
Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]:

.
. , , -
Close C,
Undo U.
Enter
. PEDIT,
,
-.
HELIX, ,
DrawHelix Helix
Modeling.
394 16.

, SWEEP.
, -
.
HELIX:
Number of turns = 3.0000 Twist=CCW
Specify center point of base:
Specify base radius or [Diameter]:
Specify top radius or [Diameter]:

Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/
tWist]:
HELIX:
Axis endpoint .

;
Turns () ,
500;
turn Height ;
tWist :
.
,
. -
. 0
, .
,
. 0,
.
17

,

396 17.
, -
, -
, . AutoCAD
. ,
. -
, ,
.
, .
( ) M N
, M N . M N
. -
, , .
,
, , , . . (
).
, ( -
). -
,
.
DrawModelingMeshes
(. 17.1).
. 17.1.
397
SOLID . -
DrawModelingMeshes2D Solid.
SOLID:
Specify rst point:
Specify third point:
Specify fourth point or <exit>:
Enter
Specify fourth point or <exit>:
Enter
.
Enter -
, .
.
.
-
, .
SOLID Enter.
, -
FILLMODE .

3DFACE , -
. , ,
Z
. z ,
, . -
-
.
3DFACE DrawModelingMeshes
3D Face.
3DFACE:
Specify rst point or [Invisible]:
Specify second point or [Invisible]:
398 17.
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>:

Specify fourth point or [Invisible] <create three-sided face>:

:
. - -
,
Invisible I, .

Invisible.
, .
: ,

.
SPLFRAME. -
, -
.
,
; , -
, HIDE.
.
(. 17.2).
3DFACE, DrawModelingMeshes
3D Face. :
_3DFACE
Specify rst point or Invisible]: 0,20,25 1
Specify second point or [Invisible]: 0,0,15 2
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>: 25,0,10
3
25,20,12 4
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>: 50,20,10
5
Enter
Enter
399
. 17.2.

3D -
, , , , , , ,
. , , ,
, -
.
:
, ;
, ;
;
.
3D:
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]:

3D -
:
Box ;
Cone ;
Dish ;
Dome ;
Mesh ;
Pyramid ;
Sphere ;
Torus ;
Wedge .
400 17.
AI_BOX (). -
AI_BOX:
Specify corner point of box:
Specify length of box:
Specify width of box or [Cube]:
Specify height of box:
Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis or [Reference]:
z
AI_BOX:
Cube .
(. 17.3).
. 17.3.
AI_BOX. :
_AI_BOX
Specify corner point of box: 1,1,0
Specify length of box: 1
Specify width of box or [Cube]: 2
Specify height of box: 2
401
30 Z
_AI_BOX
Specify width of box or [Cube]: C
-60 Z
AI_CONE, .
AI_CONE:
Specify center point for base of cone:

Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]:

Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>:

Specify height of cone:
Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: -

.
(. 17.4).
AI_CONE. :
_AI_CONE
Specify center point for base of cone: 2,2,0

Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 2
Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 1 -

Specify height of cone: 1
Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: 20 -

402 17.
_AI_CONE
Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 1 -

Specify height of cone: 1

. 17.4.
AI_DISH .
AI_DISH:
Specify center point of dish:
Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]:
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish
<16>:
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>:

AI_DOME .
AI_DOME:
Specify center point of dome:
Specify radius of dome or [Diameter]:
403
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dome
<16>:
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dome <8>:

(. 17.5).
. 17.5.
AI_DISH. :
_AI_DISH
Specify center point of dish: 2,2,1.5
Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]: 1.5
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>:
20
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>:
20
AI_CONE. :
_AI_CONE
Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 1.5

404 17.
Specify height of cone: 1.5


(. 17.6).
AI_DOME. :
_AI_DOME
Specify center point of dome: 2,2,0.5
Specify radius of dome or [Diameter]: 1.5
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dome <16>:
20
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dome <8>:
20
AI_CONE. :
_AI_CONE
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 1.5 -

Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 1.5

Specify height of cone: 0.5

. 17.6.
405

AI_MESH .
AI_MESH:
Specify rst corner point of mesh:
Specify second corner point of mesh:
Specify third corner point of mesh:
Specify fourth corner point of mesh:

Enter mesh size in the M direction: -
M
Enter mesh size in the N direction: -
N
.
(. 17.7).
AI_MESH. :
_AI_MESH
Specify rst corner point of mesh: 1
Specify second corner point of mesh: 2
Specify third corner point of mesh: 3
Specify fourth corner point of mesh: 4
Enter mesh size in the M direction: 5
Enter mesh size in the N direction: 5 N
. 17.7.
406 17.
AI_PYRAMID .
AI_PYRAMID:
Specify rst corner point for base of pyramid:

Specify second corner point for base of pyramid:

Specify third corner point for base of pyramid:

Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahe-
dron]:
Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: -

AI_PYRAMID:
Tetrahedron . -
:
Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahe-
dron]: T
Specify apex point of tetrahedron or [Top]: -

Top .
.
:
Specify apex point of tetrahedron or [Top]: T

Specify rst corner point for top of tetrahedron:

Specify second corner point for top of tetrahedron:

Specify third corner point for top of tetrahedron:

Ridge . -
:
Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: R

407
Specify rst ridge end point of pyramid:

Specify second ridge end point of pyramid:

.
(. 17.8).
AI_PYRAMID. :
_AI_PYRAMID
Specify rst corner point for base of pyramid: 0,0.5,0 1
Specify second corner point for base of pyramid: 3,0,0 2
Specify third corner point for base of pyramid: 2.5,1.5,0 3
Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahedron]:
0.5,2,0 4
Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: R

Specify rst ridge end point of pyramid: 1,1,3 5
Specify second ridge end point of pyramid: 2.5,1.5,2 6
. 17.8.
AI_SPHERE .
AI_SPHERE:
Specify center point of sphere:
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]:
408 17.
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>:

Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>:

.
(. 17.9).
AI_SPHERE. :
_AI_SPHERE
Specify center point of sphere: 2,0,2
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: 1.5
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere
<16>: 20
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere
<16>: 20
. 17.9.
AI_TORUS . AI_TORUS:
Specify center point of torus:
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]:
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]:
Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>:

Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: -

409
.
(. 17.10).
AI_TORUS. :
_AI_TORUS
Specify center point of torus: 2,0,2
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 2
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 0.7
Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: 20 -

Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: 20

. 17.10.
AI_WEDGE . AI_WEDGE:
Specify corner point of wedge:
Specify length of wedge:
Specify width of wedge:
Specify height of wedge:
Specify rotation angle of wedge about the Z axis:
Z
.
(. 17.11).
AI_WEDGE. :
_AI_WEDGE
410 17.
Specify corner point of wedge: 1,0,1 1

Specify length of wedge: 2
Specify width of wedge: 3
Specify height of wedge: 2
Specify rotation angle of wedge about the Z axis: 20 -
Z
AI_BOX. :
_AI_BOX
Specify width of box or [Cube]: 3
Specify height of box: 1
20 Z
. 17.11.

AutoCAD
(). C -
,
, . , -
PEDIT -
, PFACE. ,
M N,
M N . m n,
m , n .
3DFACE,
. -
411
. ,
.
:
, , , -
.
, .
-
SPLFRAME. , -
. , -
.
, -
. DrawModelingMeshes.
3DMESH -
, M, -
N ( X Y XY).
PEDIT. ,
3DMESH, ; -
LISP-, -
. 3DMESH -
DrawModelingMeshes3D Mesh.
3DMESH:
Enter size of mesh in M direction: -
M
Enter size of mesh in N direction: -
N
Specify location for vertex (m, n):
m n ,
(0,0). n;
m + 1, m. -
.

REVSURF,
(. 17.12),
, . -
DrawModelingMeshesRevolved Mesh.
412 17.
REVSURF:
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=6 -

Select object to revolve:
Select object that denes the axis of revolution: ,

Specify start angle <0>:
Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>:
. 17.12.
, , , ,
, , . -
N .
( ).
, ,
; .
.
-
, .
(0 ),
-
, M . 360,
. ,
, .
413
. 17.13,
( 0 -
90). -
.
, -
.
. 17.13.
SURFTAB1
SURFTAB2.
, SURFTAB1.
, , -
, ,
SURFTAB2. , -
, ,
,
SURFTAB2.
.
(. 17.14).
REVSURF, DrawModelingMeshes
Revolved Mesh. :
_REVSURF
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=6 -

Select object to revolve: 1
Select object that denes the axis of revolution:
2
Specify start angle <0>: 0
Specify included angle(+=ccw,-=cw)<360>: 200
414 17.
. 17.14.

TABSURF ,
,
(. 17.15). , ,
.
,
. DrawModeling
MeshesTabulated Mesh.
. 17.15. : ) ; )
TABSURF:
Select object for path curve:
Select object for direction vector:
415
, , , , -
, , .

. ,
, . -
,
( . 17.15 T1), .
TABSURF 2 N. -
,
. ,
. N -
.
, .
M .
N SURFTAB1.
, , ,
, -
SURFTAB1. ,
, , -
, -
SURFTAB1.
, -
(. 17.16).
. 17.16.
416 17.
TABSURF, DrawModelingMeshes
Tabulated Mesh. :
_TABSURF
Select object for path curve: 1
Select object for direction vector: 2

RULESURF ,
, (. 17.17).
() ,
, , , , ,
, . Draw
ModelingMeshesRuled Mesh.
. 17.17. : ) ; )
; ) ; )
RULESURF:
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6
Select rst dening curve:
Select second dening curve:
, ,
. (, -
), (. . 17.17, ).
,
(. . 17.17, , ).
, (. . 17.17, ). AutoCAD
, ,
. . 17.18, 1 ,
, 2 .
417
(. 17.18, ), -
.
.
. 17.18. : a)
; )
2 N.
RULESURF
,
. ( ) N -
SURFTAB1 SURFTAB2 .
(. 17.19).
RULESURF, DrawModeling
MeshesRuled Mesh. :
_RULESURF
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6
Select rst dening curve:
Select second dening curve:
. 17.19.
418 17.
EDGESURF
.
( M, -
N) ,
(. 17.20). DrawModelingMeshes
Edge Mesh.
. 17.20.
EDGESURF:
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=20 SURFTAB2=20

Select object 1 for surface edge: -
, , ,
( ); -
, -
.
. -
: , ,
419
(. . 17.20). , ,
N . SURFTAB1 -
M ( ),
SURFTAB2 N. -
(SURFTAB1+1) (SURFTAB2+1).
.
B-
(. 17.21).
EDGESURF, DrawModeling
MeshesEdge Mesh. :
_EDGESURF
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=20 SURFTAB2=20
Select object 1 for surface edge: 1
. 17.21.

PEDIT
:
Select polyline or [Multiple]:
Enter an option
[Edit vertex/Smooth surface/Desmooth/Mclose/Nclose/Undo]: -

N,
Mclose Nclose Mopen Nopen.
420 17.
PEDIT:
Multiple ;
Smooth surface ;
Desmooth ,

;
Edit vertex -
. , AutoCAD
:
Current vertex (m,n).
Enter an option
[Next/Previous/Left/Right/Up/Down/Move/REgen/eXit]<N>:
M N,
M N , 3DMESH -
SURFTAB1 SURFTAB2 RULESURF, TABSURF, REVSURF
EDGESURF.
Next Previous ,
N.
Right Left N.
Up Down M.
Move , .
, :
Specify new location for marked vertex:

REgen .
eXit .

,
. -
, .
z XY, -
. , XY
. XY,
.
421
,
. ( -
Z), ( -
Z), . ,
0 1, 1
1. Z
.
,
, , , , , , -
, SHX. -
THICKNESS.
AutoCAD ;
.
, , ,
.
:
, ,
, .
.
CHANGE ;
,
AutoCAD
;
, SKETCH,
Record;
, ELEV, .
,
.
, -
AutoCAD .
. ,
.
.
Z (. 17.22).
ELEV. :
_ELEV
Specify new default elevation <3.7000>: 0.5
422 17.
Specify new default thickness <0.0000>: 2.0 -
PLINE:
_PLINE
Specify start point: 0,0
2,0
2,2
0,2

. 17.22.
( , ),
TEXT, DTEXT, DDATTDEF ATTDEF,
.
DDMODIFY, DDCHPROP, CHPROP CHANGE.
18

,

424 18.
-
. AutoCAD
: , , ,
, (). ,
. ,
,
.
, , , -
, , . -
, -
. , ,
, .
.
AutoCAD ,
.
, ,
, -
. ,
: , , . .
, -
() ().

.
,
, ISOLINES.
FACETRES -
.
, -
:
.
, , , (), , -
, . : -
, , , .
;
, . :
, (), -
. , ,
;
, -
. , -
18. 425
, .
, , -
, ,
;
,
;
() (, )
, -
;
, -
, . ,
, ,
;
() ,
AutoCAD,
(, , , ,
, ), ;
,
,
. , , ,
.

. , ,
, ,
;
,
: , ( ,
);
, , ,
.
, ,
. (,
), (, ), , . BOX,
CYLINDER, SPHERE, TORUS, CONE, WEDGE
, .
, -
EXTRUDE, REVOLVE.
.
DrawModeling
Modeling (. 18.1).
426 18.
. 18.1.

3D Modeling. Workspaces (. 18.2)
, -
, . -
, ,
, ,
(. 18.3).
. 18.2.
: Home, Visualize,
View, Blocks & References, Annotate, Tools Output, -
(. 18.418.9).
18. 427
. 18.3. 3D Modeling
. 18.4. Visualize
. 18.5. View
. 18.6. Blocks & References

428 18.
. 18.7. Annotate
. 18.8. Tools
. 18.9. Output
POLYSOLID , ,
, -
, -
. DrawModelingPolysolid
Polysolid Modeling.
PSOLWIDTH.
PSOLHEIGHT.
POLYSOLID:
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:

Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Undo]:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Undo]:
Enter
POLYSOLID:
Object : , , -
;
Height ,
PSOLHEIGHT;
429
Width , -
PSOLWIDTH;
Justify , -
.
:
Left ;
Center ;
Right ;
Arc .
.
:
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:

Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]: A
Specify endpoint of arc or [Close/Direction/Line/Second point/
Undo]:
Close -
. -
;
Direction ;
Line -
POLYSOLID;
Second point -
;
Undo , .
BOX (, ). -
XY .
DrawModelingBox
Box Modeling.
BOX -
3D Modeling (. 18.10).
BOX:
Specify rst corner or [Center]: -
430 18.
. 18.10. BOX
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]:

Specify height or [2Point]:
-
:
;
;
-
.
BOX:
Center ,
. :
Specify rst corner or [Center]: C
Specify center:
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]:
Cube , , .
:
Specify rst corner or [Center]:
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: C -

Specify length:
431
Length ( X), (
Y) ( Z) . :
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: L
,
Specify length:
Specify width:
.
(. 18.11).
BOX, DrawModelingBox
Box Modeling. :
_BOX
Specify rst corner or [Center]: 50,70 -
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: 150,200 -

Specify height or [2Point]: 80
. 18.11.
Box1 5.
432 18.
WEDGE, , -
DrawModelingWedge, Wedge
Modeling, 3D Modeling (. 18.12).
. 18.12. WEDGE
WEDGE:
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]:

XY
;
. ,
Z.
WEDGE
BOX.
.
(. 18.13).
WEDGE, DrawModelingWedge
Wedge Modeling.
:
433
_WEDGE
Specify rst corner or [Center]: 40,50
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: 150,180 -

Specify height or [2Point]: 100
. 18.13.
Wed1 5.
CONE , (-
) Y , -
Z.
DrawModelingCone, Cone -
CONE:
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]:

434 18.
. 18.14. CONE
CONE:
3 ,
. CONE
:
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: 3P -

Specify rst point:

2P ,
. CONE
:
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: 2P -

Specify rst end point of diameter:
Specify second end point of diameter: -


435
Ttr -
. CONE -
:
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: TTR -

Specify point on object for rst tangent: ,

Specify point on object for second tangent:
,

Elliptical . -
, AutoCAD :
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: E -

Specify endpoint of rst axis or [Center]:

Specify other endpoint of rst axis:

Specify endpoint of second axis: -


2Point ,
;
Axis endpoint , -

.
. -
;
Top radius .
,
, , -
EXTRUDE Z.
, , SUBTRACT,
, .
436 18.
.
, (. 18.15).
CONE, DrawModelingCone
Cone Modeling. -
:
_CONE
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: 100,100

Specify base radius or [Diameter]: 80
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: 100 -

. 18.15.
Con1 5.
.
(. 18.16).
CONE, DrawModelingCone
Cone Modeling. -
:
_CONE
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: E -

437
Specify endpoint of rst axis or [Center]: 10,70

Specify other endpoint of rst axis: 190,140
Specify endpoint of second axis: 20 -
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: 70 -

. 18.16.
Con2 5.
SPHERE (). -
. -
, Z
. DrawModeling
Sphere, Sphere Modeling,
SPHERE:
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:
Specify radius or [Diameter]:
438 18.
. 18.17. SPHERE
SPHERE:
3P
.
. SPHERE :
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: 3P

Specify rst point:
2P
. -
Z . SPHERE :


Ttr , .
.
SPHERE :
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: T

439
Specify point on object for rst tangent:


, ,
SUBTRACT, . -
, -
, , REVOLVE,
Z.
.
(. 18.18).
SPHERE, DrawModelingSphere
Sphere Modeling.
:
_SPHERE
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: 100,150

Specify radius or [Diameter]: 80
. 18.18.
Sph1 5.
440 18.
CYLINDER, ,
DrawModelingCylinder, Cylinder
. 18.19. CYLINDER
CYLINDER:
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint]:
, , , -
, CYLINDER
CONE.
(, ),
PLINE
, , EXTRUDE,
Z.
.
, (. 18.20).
CYLINDER, DrawModeling
Cylinder Cylinder Modeling.
:
441
_CYLINDER
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]: 200,150

Specify base radius or [Diameter]: 140
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint]: 250
. 18.20.
Cyl1 5.
TORUS ,
.
, -
. XY
. DrawModeling
Torus, Torus Modeling,
TORUS:
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:
Specify radius or [Diameter]:
Specify tube radius or [2Point/Diameter]:
442 18.
. 18.21. TORUS
TORUS:
3P .
. SPHERE
:

Specify rst point:
2P .
Z . SPHERE
:


443
Ttr , .
.
SPHERE :
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: T

Specify point on object for rst tangent:


,
(,
2.0, +2.0).
, (
). .
, -
. , -
.
.
(. 18.22).
. 18.22.
444 18.
TORUS, DrawModelingTorus
Torus Modeling. -
:
_TORUS
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: 100,150

Specify radius or [Diameter]: 50
Specify tube radius or [2Point/Diameter]: 15
Tor1Tor3 5.
PYRAMID . -
DrawModelingPyramid, -
Pyramid Modeling, 3D Modeling
(. 18.23, 18.24).
. 18.23. PYRAMID
PYRAMID:
4 sides Circumscribed
/
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]:

445
. 18.24.
Specify base radius or [Inscribed]:


PYRAMID:
Edge .
PYRAMID :
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]: E

Specify rst endpoint of edge: -
Specify second endpoint of edge: -

Sides . -
3 32. PYRAMID :
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]: S

Enter number of sides:

446 18.


Inscribed ,
( ) . PYRAMID
:

Specify base radius or [Inscribed]: I
,
Specify base radius or [Circumscribed]:

Circumscribed ,
( ) .
PYRAMID :

Specify base radius or [Circumscribed]: C -
,

2Point ,
. PYRAMID
:

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: 2P

Specify rst point:
Axis endpoint
. . -
3D-.
.
PYRAMID :
447

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: A

Specify axis endpoint:
Top radius -
(. 18.25). PYRAMID
:

Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius]: T

Specify top radius:
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint]:
. 18.25.

EXTRUDE

. DrawModelingExtrude
Extrude Modeling.
448 18.
EXTRUDE:
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude:
Select objects to extrude: Enter -

Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]:

EXTRUDE:
Direction . -
:

D
Specify start point of direction: -
Specify end point of direction: -
Path
. :

P
Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: -
Taper angle .
:

T
449
Specify angle of taper for extrusion: -
Value must be nonzero.


: , , ,
, , , ,
, , , , ,
. , , -
. -
.
.
EXTRUDE ,
. , -
, , -
, .
-
, .
:
, .

.
Z ,
Z.
: , -
, , , , ,
, , , , -
, .
DELOBJ , ( )
, .
.
;
(. 18.26, 18.27).
EXTRUDE, DrawModelingExtrude
Extrude Modeling.
:
_EXTRUDE
450 18.
Select objects to extrude: C
Specify rst corner:


T
Specify angle of taper for extrusion: 7 ()

70
. 18.26.
. 18.27.
Ext1Ext3 5.
451

REVOLVE -
X Y -
. DrawModelingRevolve
Revolve Modeling.
REVOLVE:
Select objects to revolve:
Select objects to revolve: Enter -

Specify axis start point or de ne axis by [Object/X/Y/Z]
<Object>:
Specify axis endpoint:
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle] <360>:
REVOLVE:
Object , .
(), ,
. .
:
Select an object:
X X
;
Y Y
;
Z Z
.
: , , -
, , , , ,
, , , ,
. , -
, .
, , -
, .
EXTRUDE, REVOLVE , -
, , -
.
452 18.
.
.
(. 18.28, 18.29).
. 18.28.
. 18.29.
REVOLVE, DrawModelingRevolve
Revolve Modeling.
:
453
_REVOLVE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=10 -
Select objects to revolve:

Select objects to revolve: Enter -

Specify axis start point or dene axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>:
O
Select an object:
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle] <360>:
Enter,
Rev1 5.

SWEEP -
()
(. 18.30). -
DrawModelingSweep -
Sweep Modeling.
SWEEP:
Select objects to sweep:
Select objects to sweep: Enter

Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: -

SWEEP:
Alignment . ,
. :

454 18.

Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: A -

Align sweep object perpendicular to path before sweep [Yes/
No]<Yes>: -

Base point , .
, -
;
Scale . ,
,
;
Twist , .
.
:


Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: T -

Enter twist angle or allow banking for a non-planar sweep path
[Bank]: -


,
,
.
, -
.
: ,
, , , ,
, 455
, , , , ,
, .
: , , -
, , , , ,
, , , -
.
DELOBJ
.
. 18.30.
,
LOFT ,
. DrawModeling
Loft Loft Modeling.
LOFT
, -
.
LOFT:
Select cross-sections in lofting order:

Select cross-sections in lofting order: Enter

456 18.
Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross-sections only] <Cross-sections

only>:
LOFT:
Guides , -
. -
-
, ,
;
Path ,
;
Cross-sections only .
Loft Settings .
Surface control at cross sections
:
Ruled , ,

.
LOFTNORMALS;
Smooth Fit ,
, -
.
LOFTNORMALS;
Normal to: ,
. -
LOFTNORMALS:
Start cross section , -
;
End cross section , -
;
Start and End cross section , -
, ;
All cross section , -
;
Draft angles -
,
.
. .
LOFTNORMALS:
Start angle: -
. LOFTANG1;
457
End angle: -
. LOFTANG2;
Start magnitude:
-
.
LOFTMAG1;
End magnitude:

.
LOFTMAG2;
Close surface or solid .
-
, -
.
LOFTPARAM.
Preview changes
-
.
: , ,
, , , , ,
( ).
: , ,
, , , , ,
.
: , , -
, ,
.
DELOBJ ,
, -
, .

PRESSPULL
. Presspull (CTRL+ALT)
Modeling.
PRESSPULL:
Click inside bounded areas to press or pull.

458 18.
:
, ;
, , -
;
, , , -
;
, , ,
.
IMPLIEDFACE , -
.

, ,
ModifySolid Editing Solid
Editing (. 18.31).
. 18.31.
UNION
, .
459
-
,
( ).
ModifySolid EditingUnion Union -
Solid Editing.
UNION:
Select objects:
Select objects:
, ( 18.32).
. 18.32.
UNION, ModifySolid EditingUnion

Union Solid Editing.
:
_UNION
Select objects:
Select objects:
460 18.
Select objects:
Uni1 5.

SUBTRACT .
,
.
.
. -
ModifySolid EditingSubtract
Subtract Solid Editing.
SUBTRACT:
Select solids and regions to subtract from . . -
,
Select objects:
Select solids and regions to subtract ..

Select objects:

(. 18.33).
SUBTRACT, ModifySolid
EditingSubtract Subtract
Solid Editing. :
_SUBTRACT
Select solids and regions to subtract from ..
Select objects:
461
Select solids and regions to subtract ..
Select objects:
Select objects:
. 18.33.
Sub1 5.

INTERSECT
(. 18.34).
, ,
.
ModifySolid EditingIntersect
Intersect Solid Editing.
INTERSECT:
Select objects:
Select objects:
462 18.
. 18.34.
Int1 Int2 5.
19

464 19.
,
MOVE, COPY, ROTATE, MIRROR
ARRAY, -
. , ,
, -: , ,
, , .

Modify3D Operations Modeling (. 19.1).
. 19.1.
3DMOVE
, -
. Modify3D Operations
3D Move 3D Move
Modeling.
3DMOVE:
Select objects:
465


. -
.

ROTATE
; .
.
, , (, Y Z)
.
ROTATE, .
3DROTATE , -
.
Modify3D Operations3D Rotate 3D Rotate
Modeling.
3DROTATE:
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0

Select objects:
Specify base point:
Pick a rotation axis:
Specify angle start point:
Specify angle end point:
ROTATE3D
.
ROTATE3D:
Current positive angle: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0 -

Select objects:
466 19.
Specify rst point on axis or dene axis by

[Object/Last/View/Xaxis/Yaxis/Zaxis/2points]:

Specify second point on axis:
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]:
ROTATE3D:
Object .
, , ;
Last , -
;
View ,
;
Xaxis, Yaxis, Zaxis ,
X, Y Z ;
2point , .
Rot1 5.

ALIGN
.
Modify3D OperationsAlign.
ALIGN:
Select objects:
Specify rst source point:
Specify rst destination point:
Specify second source point:
Specify second destination point:
Specify third source point or <continue>:

Specify third destination point or [eXit] <X>:

, .
467

, .
, -
. -
.
. -
.

.
, , -
, . -
, .
3DALIGN
.
Modify3D Operations3D Align 3D Align -
Modeling.
3DALIGN:
Select objects:
Specify source plane and orientation ...

Specify base point or [Copy]:
Specify second point or [Continue] <C>:
Specify third point or [Continue] <C>:
Specify destination plane and orientation ...

Specify rst destination point:
Specify second destination point or [eXit] <X>:

Specify third destination point or [eXit] <X>: -

, .
, .
, X Y
. 3DALIGN
, -
.
468 19.
MIRROR3D,
, Modify
3D Operations3D Mirror.
MIRROR3D:
Select objects:
Specify rst point of mirror plane (3 points) or
[Object/Last/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:

Specify second point on mirror plane: -

Specify third point on mirror plane:
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:

MIRROR3D:
Object : ,
, ;
Last , -
;
Zaxis , ,
,
;
View -
, ;
XY, YZ, ZX
(XY, YZ ZX), ;
3points , -
.
:
;
, (XY, YZ XZ)
;
, .
Mir1 5.
469

3DARRAY
. , -
, , -
, , -
( Z) ,
, -
.
3DARRAY Modify3D Operations3D Array.
3DARRAY:
Select objects:
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>:
Enter the number of rows (---) <1>:

Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>:
Enter the number of levels (...) <1>:
Specify the distance between rows (---):
Specify the distance between columns (|||):

Specify the distance between levels (...): -

Polar.
:
Select objects:
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: R -

Enter the number of items in the array: -

Specify the angle to ll (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>:
Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] <Y>: ,

Specify center point of array:
Specify second point on axis of rotation:
470 19.

, -
: . (), -
PROJMODE EXTEDGE
: XY ,
.
,
, ()
XY
.
TRIM EXTEND,
,
, Project,
/.

AutoCAD ,
, Z .
-
:

, , -
;
,
, -
. -
;
Z .
, , -
A B. :
(0, 0.5, 0.8) (0, -0.5, -0.8) .
(0, 0.5, 0.8).

SECTION
. -
(. 19.2).
471
. 19.2.
SECTION:
Select objects:
Specify rst point on Section plane by
[Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:

Specify second point on plane:
Specify third point on plane:
SECTION:
Object , , -
, -
;
Zaxis
, Z;
View
.
;
XY XY ;
YZ YZ
;
ZX ZX
;
3points .
472 19.
. -

, , Z
(XY, YZ XZ). AutoCAD .
, -
, , ,
.
Sec1 5.

SLICE -
- (. 19.3).
Modify3D OperationsSlice.
. 19.3.
SLICE:
Select objects to slice:
Select objects to slice: Enter
Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/

Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:

473
Specify second point on plane:
Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] <Both>:

. -
, -
.
, , ( ) .

, , Z
(XY, YZ XZ).
SLICE:
Object : ,
, , , ,
;
Zaxis , ,
;
View ,
;
XY, YZ, ZX , XY,
YZ ZX ;
3points , ;
keep Both sides .
Sli1 5.

CONVTOSOLID -
, .
Modify3D OperationsConvert to Solid.
:
, ;
, ;
, .
DELOBJ ,
,
.
474 19.

CONVTOSURFACE .
Modify3D OperationsConvert to Sufrace.
:
;
;
, ;
, ;
, ;
.
20

476 20.

: , , ,
.
.
, ,
FILLET CHAMFER. -
, , ACIS-, -
, , , , . (
) -
.
; , ,
.
, . , ,
.
Modify
Solid Editing Solid Editing (. . 18.31).

CHAMFER () -
, . -
ModifyChamfer Chamfer
Modify.
,
(. 20.1).
. 20.1.
477
CHAMFER:

Multiple]:
Base surface selection...
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK (current)] <OK>:
Enter, . -
, N, , -
Enter
Specify base surface chamfer distance <10.0000>:

Specify other surface chamfer distance <10.0000>:

Select an edge or [Loop]:
Select an edge or [Loop]:
CHAMFER:
Undo ;
Polyline . -
-
. .
, ,
;
Distance , -
. ,
,
;
Angle
;
Trim ,
. TRIMMODE 1, -
.
, CHAMFER
, . TRIMMODE -
0, ;
mEthod ,
;
Multiple .
478 20.
,
Loop .
Cha1 Cha2 5.

FILLET () ,
.
. -, , , -
. -
. , -
.
ModifyFillet Fillet
Modify.
FILLET:
Select rst object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: -

Enter llet radius <10.0000>:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]: Enter -

FILLET:
Undo ;
Polyline
.
, , -
;
Radius ;
Trim ,
;
Multiple .
Enter Select an edge or:,
.
. -
, Radius, -
479
, Chain. . 20.2
-
.
. 20.2.
Fil1 Fil2 5.

IMPRINT, , -
ModifySolid EditingImprint Edges
Imprint Solid Editing.
IMPRINT
. , -
.
IMPRINT:
Select a 3D solid:
Select an object to imprint:
Delete the source object [Yes/No] <N>:
Select an object to imprint: Enter

480 20.

, -
.
, , ,
, , , .

SOLIDEDIT
. SOLIDEDIT -
ModifySolid EditingColor edges
Color edges Solid
Editing.
SOLIDEDIT Edge, Color:
Solids editing automatic checking: SOLIDCHECK=1

Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_edge
Enter an edge editing option [Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_color
Select edges or [Undo/Remove]:
Select edges or [Undo/Remove]: Enter

Enter an edge editing option [Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: -
Enter

Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/eXit]
<eXit>: Enter
Select color. ,
, , -
.

SOLIDEDIT
. SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingCopy edges -
Copy edges Solid Editing.
481
SOLIDEDIT Edge, Copy:

_edge
Enter an edge editing option [Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_copy
Select edges or [Undo/Remove]:
Select edges or [Undo/Remove]: Enter

Specify a base point or displacement:
Specify a second point of displacement: -
Enter an edge editing option [Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: -

Enter

<eXit>: Enter
, , -
, . , -
.
, .

(. 20.3, 20.4)
SOLIDEDIT ModifySolid EditingExtrude
faces Extrude faces -
Solid Editing. Face, Extrude
:

<eXit>:_face
Enter a face editing option
[Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/coLor/mAterial/
Undo/eXit]<eXit>:_extrude
482 20.
Select faces or [Undo/Remove]:

Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]:
Enter
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]:
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>:
Solid validation started.

Solid validation completed.
Undo/eXit]<eXit>: Enter

<eXit>: Enter
. 20.3.
, -
. , -
.
( , ), -
( ). -
483
, -
. 0
.
,
, . -
.
. 20.4.
-
Path. , -
. , , ,
, , .

.
Sed1 Sed2 5.

SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingMove faces
Move faces Solid
Editing. Face, Move.
(. 20.5). , ,
.
:
484 20.

<eXit>:_face
Undo/eXit]<eXit>:_move
Enter
Specify a base point or displacement:
Specify a second point of displacement: -


<eXit>: Enter
. 20.5.
Sed3 5.
485

(. 20.6)
SOLIDEDIT ModifySolid EditingOffset
faces Offset faces -
Solid Editing. Face, Offset.
:

<eXit>:_face
Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _offset
Enter
Specify the offset distance:
Undo/eXit] <eXit>: Enter
. 20.6.
486 20.

<eXit>: Enter
. -
, ,
.
, .
, , -
. ,
, , .
Sed5 5.

(. 20.7) SOLIDEDIT -
ModifySolid EditingDelete faces -
Delete faces Solid
Editing. Face, Delete.
SOLIDEDIT Face, Delete -
, .
. 20.7.
Sed7 5.
487

(. 20.8)
SOLIDEDIT ModifySolid EditingRotate
faces Rotate faces -
Solid Editing. Face, Rotate.

. -
. -
ANGDIR.
: , ,
.
X Y, ( -
). -
. ,
ANGDIR.
. 20.8.
Sed4 5.

(. 20.9) SOLIDEDIT -
ModifySolids EditingTaper faces
488 20.
Taper faces Solids Editing. -

Face, Taper :

Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:_
face
Undo/eXit]<eXit>:_taper
Enter
Specify the base point:
Specify another point along the axis of tapering:

Specify the taper angle:
. 20.9.
489

<eXit>: Enter

, . -
,
, .
.
Sed6 5.

(. 20.10) SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingColor faces
Color faces Solid
Editing. Face, Color.
Select color. ,
, , -
.
. 20.10.
Sed9 5.
490 20.

(. 20.11) SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingCopy faces
Copy faces Solid
Editing. Face, Copy.
ACIS.
,
. Enter,
.
. 20.11.
Sed8 5.
SOLIDEDIT -
ModifySolid EditingClean
Clean Solid Editing. -
Body, Clean.
SOLIDEDIT Body, Clean
, ,
491
, .
.

SOLIDEDIT -
ModifySolid EditingSeparate
Separate Solid Editing.
Body, Separate.
SOLIDEDIT Body, Separate
, -
, . , ,
. , , -
.
(. 20.12) SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingShell
Shell Solid Editing. -
Body, Shell :

_body
Enter a body editing option
[Imprint/seParate solids/Shell/cLean/Check/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_shell
Select a 3D solid:
Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]:
Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: Enter

Enter the shell offset distance:
492 20.
. 20.12.

<eXit>: Enter
. -

. -
.
,
. .
Sed10 5.

SOLIDEDIT
ModifySolid EditingCheck
Check Solid Editing.
Body, Check :
493

_body
Enter a body editing option
[Imprint/seParate solids/Shell/cLean/Check/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_check
Select a 3D solid:
This object is a valid ShapeManager solid. -
ShapeManager

<eXit>: Enter
21

21. 495
(-
, . 21.1) .
. 21.1.
1. NEW,
FileNew QNew
.
2. Create New Drawing -
Use a Wizard. Select a Wizard: Quick
Setup.
3. QuickSetup Units -
Decimal. Area
420 , 297 .
4. GRID
F7 .
5. ZOOM, -
ViewZoomAll Zoom All -
(. Z2 2).
496 21.
6. QSAVE,
FileSave Save
.
7. ISOLINES 20, -
,
.
8. BOX CYLINDER
(. Box1 Cyl1 5).
, -
View 3DORBIT (. Vpt1, Orb1 Orb2
5).
9. . -
UNION,
ModifySolid EditingUnion Union -
Solid Editing.
SUBTRACT,
ModifySolid EditingSubtract Subtract
Solid Editing (. Uni1 Sub1 5).
10. HIDE,
ViewHide Hide -
Render.
11. .
UCS, ToolsNew
UCS3 Point.
12.
Layout (. Spa1 Spa2 5).
13. ,
. Create Layout
ToolsWizardsCreate Layout....
14. 3 ( ,
). INSERT, -
InsertBlock... Insert Block
Draw (. In1 4).
15. Text Style,
FormatText Style.... Font
Font Name: simplex.shx; Oblique Angle: -
15; Height: 0 ()
(. T7 2).
16. .
. DTEXT,
DrawTextSingle Line Text Dtext
. -
Fit DTEXT (. T4 2).
21. 497
17. (. 21.2),
SOLVIEW, DrawModeling
SetupView:
1) :
_SOLVIEW
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: U
Enter an option [Named/World/?/Current] <Current>: -
Enter
Enter view scale <1>: 0.5
Specify view center:
Specify view center <specify viewport>: Enter
Specify rst corner of viewport:

Specify opposite corner of viewport:

Enter view name: Front
2) :
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: O
Specify side of viewport to project: -



Enter view name: Gorizont

3) :
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: O
Specify side of viewport to project: -



Enter view name: Prol
498 21.
. 21.2.
4) :
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: S
Specify rst point of cutting plane: CEN
-

Specify second point of cutting plane: CEN
-

Specify side to view from:

Enter view scale <0.5>: Enter
Enter view name: Section

Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]:
Enter
21. 499
18. (< >-HID)
HIDDEN. SOLDRAW,
DrawModelingSetupDrawing.
Select objects: .
19. VPORTS, .
20. , -
.
21. < >-DIM
(. 21.3).
. 21.3.
22. -
.
22

22. 501
AutoCAD
-
, .
, -
. -
,
, ,
,
.

. ,
.
, -
, ,
.
,
. , -
,
-
.

UCSVP. , UCSVP 1, , -
, ;
. UCSVP 0
,
.
,
. () ,
. -
-
- . AutoCAD
, -
. , -
, ,
, .
.

,
. -
, -
, , ,
, -
.
502 22.

VPOINT -
. -
WORLDVIEW , -
. WORLDVIEW, 1,
, 0 .
VPOINT :
Current view direction: VIEWDIR=0.0000,0.0000,1.0000

Specify a view point or [Rotate] <display compass and tripod>:

,
( ). ,
0,0,1 , 1,1,1 -
.
Rotate :
Current view direction: VIEWDIR=0.0000,0.0000,1.0000

Specify a view point or [Rotate] <display compass and tripod>:
R
Enter angle in XY plane from X axis <default>: -
XY X
Enter angle from XY plane <default>: XY
.
,
XY X, -
XY (. 22.1).
Enter VPOINT -
(. 22.2),
.
(0, 0, 1), (n, n, 0),
(0, 0, 1). XY -
,
XY . -
.

, -
.
503
. 22.1.
View
3D ViewsViewpoint.
. 22.2.
DDVPOINT,
View3D ViewsViewpoint Presets....
Viewpoint Presets (. 22.3),
.
Set Viewing Angles :
Absolute to WCS ;
Relative to UCS .
,
:
X XY;
XY.
From: X Axis: X.
From: XY Plane: XY.
Set to Plan View .
504 22.
. 22.3.
DVIEW, -
.
,
. , , , -
, -
. DVIEW
, .
, .
, .

. -
.
DVIEW:
Select objects or <use DVIEWBLOCK>:
Enter option
[CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/
Undo]:
DVIEW:
CAmera ;
TArget ;
Distance , ;
POints ;
PAn ;
Zoom -
;
505
TWist ;
CLip ;
Hide ;
Off ;
Undo .

AutoCAD .
, -
, , ,
.
Hide DVIEW -
.
.
Hide
DVIEW, , -
.
, , -
,
. -

, , .

,
( 0,0,1). ,
.
PLAN, , -
.
. ,
.
PLAN View3D ViewsPlan View.
Current UCS, World UCS Named UCS.
PLAN:
Enter an option [Current ucs/Ucs/World] <Current>:
PLAN:
Current ucs -
. ;
Ucs
. AutoCAD ;
World .
506 22.
PLAN ,
. , -
, .
Vpt2 5.

, , -
, UCSBASE.
,
. AutoCAD -
,
. ,
AutoCAD
.
.
AutoCAD .
-
View3D Views -
View (. 22.4, 22.5).
View :
Named Views -
View Manager (. 22.6),
ViewNamed Views...;
Top (, );
Bottom ;
Left ( );
Right ;
Front ( );
Back ;
SW Isometric - ;
SE Isometric - ;
NE Isometric - ;
NW Isometric - ;
Create Camera ;
Previous View ;
View Control .
507
. 22.4. View
. 22.5. View
. 22.6.
Vpt1 5.
508 22.

3DORBIT -
.
.
, .
ViewOrbitConstrained Orbit
Constrained Orbit Orbit
3D Navigation (. 22.7).
. 22.7. 3DORBIT
,
. , ,
, . 3DORBIT
, .
,
.
, . -
, -
.
-

509
3DORBIT (. 22.8), -
.
. 22.8. 3DORBIT
Current Mode: .
Other Navigation Modes :
Constrained Orbit 1 ;
Free Orbit 2 ;
Continuous Orbit 3 ;
Adjust Distance 4 ;
Swivel 5 ;
Walk 6 ;
Fly 7 ;
Zoom 8 ;
Pan 9 .
Enable Orbit Auto Target .
Animation Settings
Animation Settings (. 22.9):
Visual style: :
As displayed ;
Rendered ;
3D Hidden
. , , ;
3D Wireframe -
( );
Conceptual
;
510 22.
Realistic ,
;
Draft ;
Low ;
Medium ;
High ;
Pressentation ;
Frame rate (FPS): ;
Resolution: ;
Format: .
. 22.9.
Zoom Window .
Zoom Extents .
Zoom Previous .
Parallel ,
.
.
Perspective ,
. ,
.
. :
.
Reset View .
Preset Views :
Top ;
Bttom ;
Front ;
Back ;
Left ;
511
Right ;
SW Isometric - ;
SE Isometric - ;
NE Isometric - ;
NW Isometric - .
Named Views .
Visual Styles :
3D Hidden .
, , ;
3D Wireframe -
( );
Conceptual
;
Realistic ,
.
Visual Aids :
Compass , -
, -
X, Y Z ;
Grid ,
X Y Z. , -
, ELEVATION.
, -
GRID, .
,
GRIDUNIT.
(
).
()
,
, .
, . ,
,
GRIDUNIT;
UCS Icon .
3DORBIT,
. X
, Y , Z .
-
UCSICON.
Orb1 5.
512 22.

3DFORBIT
, , -
-
. XY Z.
ViewOrbitFree Orbit
Free Orbit Orbit
3D Navigation.
, , . -
,
. -
, , . -
( ) . ,
.
,
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-
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513
.
X.
3DCORBIT
ViewOrbitContinuous Orbit
Continuous Orbit
Orbit 3D Navigation.
, ,
.
-
, , , -
, , .
- : Pan Zoom,
.
3DCORBIT ,
; . -
Enter Esc,
Enter .
Orb2 5.

3DDISTANCE
, .
ViewCameraAdjust Distance Adjust
Distance Camera Adjustment (. 22.10).
-
,
.
3DDISTANCE
, , .

.

.
514 22.
. 22.10.
3DSWIVEL
ViewCameraSwivel -
Swivel Camera 3D Navigation
(. . 22.10).
3DSWIVEL
,
XY
Z.

3DWALK ,
, .
ViewWalk and FlyWalk Walk
Walk and Fly 3D Navigation.
515
-
XY , .
:
Tab ;
Up arrow/W key W ,
, ;
Down arrow/S key S ;
Left arrow/A key A
, ;
Right arrow/D key D ;
Drag mouse
;
F key F , ;
Don't show me this again .
POSITION LOCATOR (. 22.11),
-
, .
Zoom In .
Zoom Out .
Zoom Extents -
.
.
, -
. ,
.
Position indicator color
.
Position indicator size
:
Small ;
Medium ;
Large .
Position indicator blink
.
Target indicator , .
Target indicator color .
Preview transparency . -
0 95.
Preview visual style .
516 22.
. 22.11.

3DFLY ,
, .
ViewWalk and FlyFly Fly
Walk and Fly 3D Navigation.
, , -
XY, .
3DFLY 3DWALK.

, -
Walk and Fly (. 22.12), -
ViewWalk and FlyWalk and Fly Settings -
Walk and Fly Settings Walk and Fly
3D Navigation.
.
Settings , -
:
517
Display instruction balloon: :

When entering walk and fly modes

Walk and Fly Navigation Mappings;
Once per session AutoCAD -
-
Never
Display Position Locator window ,
.
Current drawing settings
:
Walk/fly step size: .
STEPSIZE;
Steps per second: . -
STEPSPERSEC.
. 22.12.
CAMERA
-
ViewCreate Camera Create Camera
View.
CAMERA:
Current camera settings: Height=0 Lens Length=50 mm

518 22.
Specify camera location:

Specify target location:
Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/
View/eXit]<eXit>: Enter

CAMERA:
? ;
Name ;
LOcation , -
;
Height ;
Target ;
LEns . -
, ;
Clipping -
. ,
, , .
:
Current camera settings: Height=0 Lens Length=50 mm

Specify camera location:
View/eXit]<eXit>: C
Enable front clipping plane? [Yes/No] <No>: Y -

Specify front clipping plane offset from target plane:

Enable back clipping plane? [Yes/No] <No>: Y

Specify back clipping plane offset from target plane:

View/eXit]<eXit>: Enter

View ;
eXit .
519
, , ,

.

-
, .
.
ANIPATH
, . View
Motion Path Animations.
Motion Path Animation (. 22.13),
.
. 22.13.
Camera :
Link camera to: :
Point ;
Path ;
Select Point/Path -

, .
520 22.
,
. ,
, , , , ,
.
-
. , -
, .
Taget :
Link taget to: :
Point ,
;
Path ;
Select Point/Path -
;
, -
. ,
, , , , -
, .
Animation settings :
Frame rate (FPS): ,
. 1 60;
Number of frames: .
. -
, Duration -
;
Duration (seconds): . -
, Number of frames
;
Visual style: ,
;
Format: : AVI, MPG, WMV (,
Microsoft Windows Media Player
9 ), MOV ( Apple
QuickTime Player);
Resolution:
;
Corner deceleration ;
Reverse .
When previewing show camera preview -
Animation Preview.
Preview -
Animation Preview.
521
-
.
.
, . -
.
, .
,
.
None.
23

523

, -
. ,
. , ,

, ,
, ,
. , , -
--
. , , AutoCAD,
, -
. -
AutoCAD .
-

, 3D Studio MAX.
,
:
;
;
;
,
; -
.
, ,
. ,

. , ,
.
,
: ,
,
. , -

.

,
. -
ViewVisual Styles -
Visual Styles (. 23.1).
524 23.
. 23.1.
, View -
(. 23.2).
. 23.2.
AutoCAD .
2D Wireframe .
. OLE-, -
(. 23.3).
525
. 23.3.
3D Wireframe .
(. 23.4).
. 23.4.
3D Hidden . -
. , ,
(. 23.5).
526 23.
. 23.5.
Realistic . ,
. (. 23.6).
. 23.6.
Conceptual . ,
.
,
. ,
(. 23.7).
527
. 23.7.
Realistic Conceptual ,
.

-
,
.
VISUALSTYLES Visual Styles
Manager (. 23.8, 23.9), -
. -
ViewVisual StylesVisual Style Manager -
Visual Style Manager Visual.
:
Adailable Visual Style in Drawing
, .
, -
;
Create New Visual Style
Create New Visual Style,
.
;
Apply Selected Visual Style to Current Viewport -
;
528 23.
Export the Selected Visual Style to the Tool Palette -

;
Delete the Selected Visual Style .
. 23.8.
2D Wireframe (. . 23.8)
.
2D Wireframe options :
Contour lines ;
Draw true silhouettes .
2D Hide Obscured Lines :
Color ;
Linetype .
2D Hide Intersection Edges :
Visible ;
Color .
529
2D Hide Miscellaneous :
Halo gap % .
Display resolution :
Arc/circle smoothing ;
Spline segments ;
Solid smoothness .
(. . 23.9)
.
. 23.9.
530 23.
Face Settings
:
Highlight intensity
;
Opacity
;
Face style .
VSFACESTYLE:
Real
, ;
Gooch
,
-
;
None ;
Lighting quality -
.
VSLIGHTINGQUALITY:
Faceted ;
Smooth ;
Highlight intensity -
. VSFACEHIGHLIGHT;
Opacity
. VSFACEOPACITY.
Materials and Color :
Material display . -
VSMATERIALMODE;
Face color mode .
VSFACECOLORMODE:
Normal :
;
Monochrome :
;
Tint : ;
Desaturate :
30 %;
Monochrome color/Tint Color .
, Normal
Desaturate. VSMONOCOLOR.
531
Environment Settings :
Shadow Display .
.
VSSHADOWS:
Full shadows ;
Ground shadow ;
Off ;
Backgrounds .
VSBACKGROUNDS.
Edge Settings :
Edge mode .
VSEDGES:
Facet Edges ;
Isolines ;
None ;
Number of lines ;
Color . -
VSEDGECOLOR;
Always on top .
Edge Modifiers -:
Overhanging edges -

(. 23.10). VSEDGEOVERHANG;
Jitter edges -
(. 23.11).
VSEDGEJITTER;
Overhang
. -
VSEDGEOVERHANG;
Jitter .
VSEDGEJITTER:
High ;
Medium ;
Low ;
Off ;
Crease angle ,
, .
VSEDGESMOOTH;
532 23.
. 23.10.
. 23.11.
Halo gap % ,
, .
, Conceptual
3D Hidden. 0,
.
VSHALOGAP.
533
Fast Silhouette Edges , .
. -
VSSILHEDGES:
Visible . -
VSSILHEDGES;
Width , .
VSSILHWIDTH.
Obscured Lines , :
Visible . -
VSOBSCUREDEDGES;
Color . -
VSOBSCUREDCOLOR;
Linetype .
VSOBSCUREDLTYPE.
Intersection Edges , :
Visible . -
VSINTERSECTIONEDGES;
Color .
VSINTERSECTIONCOLOR;
Linetype . -
VSINTERSECTIONLTYPE.
.
: -
, , -
.
, .
, -
.
.
. -
-
.
.
, .
-
.
-
. .

.
534 23.
, -
. -
,
.
, -
.

, ,
.

HIDE .
,
- -
. , (
) . HIDE ViewHide
Hide
Render.
HIDE , , ,
, , -
, ,
. , ,
, -
().
, -
. -
.
, ,
ISOLINES .
-
, . -
DISPSILH: 0, -
, 1
. , .
, -
, ,
.
Hid1 5.
535

, -
. -
, ,
, .
-
.
1. -

.
2. -
.
3.
-
.
4. ,
, -
.
;
-
.
,
-
. , , AutoCAD
.
, -
, AutoCAD. -
, ;
. ,
.
, .
:
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, ,
. .
, AutoCAD
Z. , AutoCAD -
.
536 23.
, , -
ViewRender Render
(. 23.12).
. 23.12.
RENDER . -
ViewRenderRender Render -
.
Ren1 5.
RPREF .
ViewRenderAdvanced Render Settings...
Advanced Render Settings...
Render. Advanced Render Settings (. 23.13).

. .
, , , ,
, .

, . -
, .
, :
537
. 23.13.
,
(,
).
, , -
. , -
,
. -
:
,
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-
.
,
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, .
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-
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-
VIEWRES. ,
, , -
, . AutoCAD -
. ,
538 23.
,
. ,
. -
-
, ( )
.
, -
, FACETRES.
, VIEWRES. -
FACETRES 1,
, .
2, ,
, , . . FACETRES 0.5.
0.01 10.
-
, . -
, ,
,
.
Advanced Render Settings -
.

:
Draft ;
Low ;
Medium ;
High ;
Presentation ;
Manage Render Presets -
Render Presets Manager.
Render .
General
(. 23.14).
Render Context ,
:
Determines if file is written , -
;
Procedure , -
: View
, Grop , Select-
ed ;
539
Destination : Viewport
, Window Render;
Output file name , -
: BMP (*.bmp) -
Windows; PCX (*.pcx)
; TGA (*.tga) 32-
, 24- -
True Color; TIF (*.tif) -
; JPEG (*.jpg) ,

; PNG (*.png) , -
;
Output size -
.
Materials , -
:
Apply materials .
, , -
, , , , ,
, ;
Texture filtering ;
Force 2-sided
.
Sampling , :
Min samples .
. , 1,
. -
, N ;
Max samples .
,
, ,
;
Filter type : Box , -
, .
; Triangle ,
, ;
Gauss ,
, ; Mitchell -
,
, ; Lanczos -
, (
), ,
;
540 23.
Filter width ;
Filter height ;
Contrast color ;
Contrast red ;
Contrast blue ;
Contrast green ;
Contrast alpha - -
.
Shadows :
Specifies if shadows are computed -
;
Mode : Simple
, Sorted
-
, Segment
-

;
Shadow map . -
, .

. .
Ray Tracing -
, -
(. 23.15).
Specifies if ray tracing should be performed when shading , -
.
Max depth
.
.
Max reflections
. , 0, .
Max refractions
. , 0, -
.
Indirect Illumination -
(. 23.16).
Global Illumination :
Specifies if lights should cast indirect light into the scene
;
541
. 23.14.
. 23.15.
542 23.
Photons/sample ,
.
,
. ,
;
Use radius . -
.
1/10 ;
Radius , -
;
Max depth
. ,
-
;
Max reflections
. , 0, ;
Max refractions -
. , 0, .
Final Gather -
:
Rays , -
.
,
;
Radius mode ;
Max radius , -
;
Use min
;
Min radius , -
.
Light Properties :
Photons/light ,
.
;
Energy multiplier
, .
Diagnostic
(. 23.17):
Visual :
Grid : Off ; Object -
, -
543
. 23.16.
; World ; Camera -
,
, ;
Grid size ;
Photon : Off
, -
, -
; Density ,
,
, -
; Irradiance ,
, -
,
;
Samples ;
BSP ,
:
Off , Depth
-
; Size -

.
544 23.
. 23.17.
Processing -
(. 23.18):
Tile size .
, -
;
Tile order
: Hilbert , Spiral , Left to
right , Right to left , Top to bottom ,
Bottom to top ;
Memory limit . -
, ,
, ,
.
. 23.18.
545
Advanced Render Settings -

(. 23.19)
Render Presets Manager.
. 23.19.
Render Presets Manager (. 23.20)

Advanced Render Settings. -
, , -
,
.
. 23.20.
AutoCAD -
, .
546 23.
, ,
, , .

. ,
.

,
. ,
.
, -
, . ,
.
.
, .
,
.
AutoCAD : , ,
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-
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-
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-
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. -
, -
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,
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.
;
.
.
, . , -
,
.
547
.
. ,
. -
. ,
, -
, .

.
, . -
, . -
;
0 160. -
.
,
. -
, , -
. -
.

ViewRenderLight Lights Render (. 23.21).
. 23.21.
548 23.

POINTLIGHT, ViewRenderLightNew Point
Light New Point Light
Lights Render.
,
. -
.
POINTLIGHT:
Specify source location:
Enter an option to change [Name/Intensity/Status/shadoW/
Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>:
POINTLIGHT:
Name ,
, , , . -
256 ;
Intensity , -
0 , -
;
Status . -
, ;
shadoW . -
:
Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: W
Enter shadow settings [Off/Sharp/soFt] <Sharp>:
Off
;
Sharp ;
soFt ;
Attenuation .
:
549
Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: A -
Enter an option to change [attenuation Type/Use limits/attenu-

ation start Limit/attenuation End limit/eXit] <eXit>:

attenuation Type , .
, .
None ,
; Inverse linear , -
-
; Inverse Squared ,
;
Use limits ;
attenuation start Limit .

;
attenuation End limit . -

. ;
Color . -
:
Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: C
Enter true color (R,G,B) or enter an option [Index color/Hsl/

colorBook]: R,G,B , ,
:
Index color ACI, AutoCAD;
Hsl , ;
colorBook ;
eXit .
SPOTLIGHT, -
ViewRenderLightNew Spotlight
New Spotlight Lights Render.
550 23.
, -
. .
.
,
, , .
SPOTLIGHT:
Enter an option to change [Name/Intensity/Status/Hotspot/
Falloff/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>:
SPOTLIGHT:
Name , 256 . -
, , , -
;
Intensity , -
0 ,
;
Status ;
Hotspot , . -
0 60 ;
Falloff , ,
, .
0 160 , -
;
shadoW .
:
Falloff/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: W -

Off
;
Sharp ;
soFt ;
551
Attenuation .
:
Falloff/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: A

Enter an option to change [attenuation Type/Use limits/
attenuation start Limit/attenuation End limit/eXit] <eXit>:

attenuation Type , .
, .
None ,
; Inverse linear , -

; inverse Squared , -

;
Use limits ;
attenuation start Limit . -
;
attenuation End limit . -
.
;
Color .
:
Falloff/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/eXit] <eXit>: C

:
Hsl , ;
colorBook ;
eXit .
552 23.

DISTANTLIGHT, ViewRenderLightNew
Distant Light New Distant Light -
Lights Render.
-
. ,
. :
, .
DISTANTLIGHT:
Specify light direction FROM <0,0,0> or [Vector]: -
0,0,0
Specify light direction TO <1,1,1>:
1,1,1
Enter an option to change [Name/Intensity/Status/shadoW/Color/
eXit] <eXit>:
DISTANTLIGHT:
Name , 256 .
, , ,
;
Intensity ,
0 , ;
Status ;
shadoW .
:
0,0,0
1,1,1
eXit] <eXit>: W
Off ;
Sharp ;
soFt ;
553
Color .
:
0,0,0
1,1,1
eXit] <eXit>: C
:
Hsl , ;
colorBook ;
eXit .

. -
, ,
.
.

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION, Geo-
graphic Location Lights Render. -
Geographic Location
(. 23.22).
.
Latitude & Longitude -
, :
Latitude:
( 1 90), .
LATITUDE.
: North , South ;
Longitude:
( 1 180),
. LONGITUDE.
: East -
; West ;
554 23.
. 23.22.
Use Map Location Picker (. 23.23).

,
. ,
, :
Region: ;
Nearest City: ;
Time Zone ,
;
Nearest Big City -
;
Time Zone ,
. TIMEZONE.
North Direction .
Y :
Angle: 0;
-
.
555
. 23.23.

SUNPROPERTIES,
ViewRenderLightSun Properties -
Sun Properties Lights Render.
Sun Properties (. 23.24).
.
General :
Status ;
Intensity Factor ;
Color ;
Shadows .
Sun Angle Calculator :
Date . -
, ,
Calendar, ;
Time ;
Daylight Savings ;
556 23.
Azimuth ,
;
Altitude , .
Source Vector
.
Rendered Shadow Details :
Type : Sharp , Soft ;
Map Size ;
Softness .
Geographic Location -
:
City ;
Time Zone ;
Latitude ;
Latitude Direction ;
Longitude ;
Longitude Direction .
. 23.24.
557

, -
. -
, ;
,
- , . .
.
AutoCAD 300 . -
, ,
.
, AutoCAD, -
, AutoCAD, .
.
-
.
-
. , ,
, ,
. , -
, . -
, .
: ( ), ( ),
( ). , , -
.
, ,
. , , -
, . , .
, , -
RGB: red , green , blue .
( ), (
), ( ).
, .
RGB, HLS,
hue , lightness , saturation -
. ,

.
-
. ,
558 23.
, .
, ,
, (),
.
AutoCAD ,
.
AutoCAD -
:
/ ;
;
/ ;
;
, ;
;
, .
AutoCAD , ,
,
,
.
MATERIALS, ,
ViewRenderMaterials...
Materials Render. -
Materials, . 23.25.
. 23.25.
559
.
Available Materials in Drawing ,
. Global.
:
Toggle Display Mode -
;
Swatch Geometry
: , .
;
Checkered Underlay Off
, -
;
Create New Material . -
Create New Material,
, -
;
Purge from Drawing ;
Indicate Materials in Use .
;
Apply Material to Objects -
;
Remove Materials from Selected Objects -
.
Available Materials in Drawing (. 23.26):
Create New Material .
Create New Material, -
, ;
Apply Material
;
Select Objects with Material ,
.
;
Edit Name and Description .
Edit Name and Description;
Purge from Drawing ;
Export to Active Tool Palette
;
Copy .
;
Paste ;
560 23.
Size , :
Small ;
Medium ;
Large ;
Full .
. 23.26.
Material Editor -
.
(. 23.27):
Type: : Realistic Realistic Metall -
,
. Advanced Advanced
Metall -
, -
;
Template: ;
Ambient: , , -
, ,
;
Diffuse: , ;
Specular: , ,
;
By Object ,
;
Shininess: .
-
,
, -
;
561
Refraction index: . -
,
. , -
, 1,
. , 1,5,
, ;
Translucency: ,
: 0 ; 100 -
;
Self-Illumination: , -
.
. 23.27.
Maps . -

(. 23.28).
Diffuse map .
Reflection map .
, .
562 23.
. 23.28.
Opacity map .
Bump map , -
:
Map Type: , ;
Select Image, -
. :
TGA (.tga), BMP (.bmp, .rle, .dib), PNG (.png), JFIF (.jpg, .jpeg), TIFF (.tif),
GIF (.gif), PCX (.pcx);
Delete map information from material, -
;
Preview map channel procedural results,
Map Preview;
Click for Wood settings:, -
.
563
.
. , -
.
U V .

. ,
(. 23.29):
Color 1: ;
Color 2: ;
Radial noise: , -
, ;
Axial noise: , -
, ;
Grain thickness: ,
;
Preview size: ;
Zoom the preview In -
;
Zoom the preview out
;

, ;
U offset: U;
V offset: V;
Rotation: .
:
Stone color: ;
Vein color: -
;
Vein spacing: ;
Vein width: .

:
V Title
V;
U Title
U;
Scale
;
564 23.
. 23.29.
Fit to object ;
Tiled
;
Units: , :
None ; Inches ;
Feet ; Miles ; Millimeters ; Centimeters -
; Meters ; Kilometers ;
U Tile:
U. -
. UVW-
565
XYZ-,
;
V Tile:
V.

-

.
: TGA (.tga), BMP (.bmp, .rle, .dib), PNG (.png), JFIF (.jpg, .jpeg), TIFF (.tif),
GIF (.gif), PCX (.pcx).
UV. -
, XY AutoCAD.

AutoCAD.
:
, ,
. , -
,
.
;
, ,
. ,
, ;
,
, .
: -
, .
,
. ,
-
, ,
;

, -
.
. ,
, .
. -

, .
566 23.
, , -
, .

.
MATERIALMAP.
ViewRenderMapping
Mapping Render (. 23.30).
. 23.30.

.
.
MATERIALMAP:
Select an option [Box/Planar/Spherical/Cylindrical/copY mapping
to/Reset mapping]<Box>:
Select faces or objects:
Select faces or objects: Enter
Accept the mapping or [Move/Rotate/reseT/sWitch mapping mode]:

567
MATERIALMAP:
Planar ,
, , -
, .
ViewRenderMappingPlanar Mapping -
Planar Mapping Mapping Render;
Box , -
. -
ViewRenderMappingBox Mapping
Box Mapping Mapping Render;
Cylindrical , -
, .
, ,
.
ViewRenderMappingSpherical Mapping Spherical
Mapping Mapping Render;
Spherical , -
; -
, . -
. View
RenderMappingCylindrical Mapping Cylindrical
Mapping Mapping Render;
copY mapping to
;
Reset mapping UV
;
Move ;
Rotate ;
reseT UV
;
sWitch mapping mode
.
VIEW,
ViewVamed Views.
View Manager (. 23.31),
New. New View, -
Background,
(. 23.32).
568 23.
. 23.31.
. 23.32.
569
Background ( 23.33) -

.
Type: :
Solid , ;
Gradient , - -
;
Image .
Preview .
Solid options :
Color: .
. 23.33.
Background
(. 23.34).
Gradient options:
Three color .
, ;
Top color: -
;
Middle color: -
;
Bottom color: -
;
Rotation: .
570 23.
. 23.34.
Image Background -
(. 23.35).
. 23.35.

Render Environment, -
RENDERENVIRONMENT, . . 23.36.
ViewRenderRender Environment... -
Render Environment Render.
571
. 23.36.

.
Fog/Depth Cue ,
, -
:
Enable Fog ;
Color ;
Fog Background , ;
Near Distance ,
;
Far Distance , -
;
Near Fog Percentage -
;
Far Fog Percentage -
.

573
574

Autocad 2009. Учебный Курс

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Autocad 2009. Учебный Курс

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1. AutoCAD 2009. ............................................15

13. AutoCAD ............................342

Name & Location Find ,

Create New Drawing

Advanced Setup (. 1.9) -

Specify upper right corner <current>:

Grid On (F7). Grid spacing -

FilePlot... Plot (CTRL+P)

All : Locked , Unlocked ;

Tray Settings Tray Settings (. 2.15), -

Files Options, . 3.1,

Plot and Publish Log File Location /-

Incremental save percentage -

File Open : Number of recently-used files

invoke Object detect and command invoke

Use OLE application when plotting OLE objects OLE-

Plot Style Table Settings ,

Current plot style table settings

Current Pointing Device ,

Load acad.lsp with every drawing acad.lsp -

Windows Standard Behavior

Priority for Coordinate Data Entry -

Drafting Options, . 3.19,

Colors Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),

Lights Glyph Settings Light Glyph Appearance

Animation Animation Settings (. 3.25),

Pointer Input Settings... Pointer

Show 2 dimension input fields at a time

Override OS settings for all drafting tooltips

Specify next point or [Undo]: 190,20 2

. 4.13. UCS Details

Layer States Manager (Alt+S) Layer

Invert Layer Filter ;

Property Settings (. 5.14), -

Temporary track point .

Temporary track point

Point Size:. Set

Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:

Specify second endpoint of edge:

Specify radius of circle: 50

Specify radius of circle: 50

Specify rst corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/

Specify rst corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/

Calculate rectangle dimensions based on [Length/Width] <Length>:

Enter rectangle length:

Specify length for rectangles:

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:

Specify end point of arc:

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: C

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: C

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: C

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: E

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: E

Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]: E

Specify radius of arc:

Specify end point of arc:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <50>: TANGENT

Specify outside diameter of donut <default>: