TheEssent ialsofBuddha- Dhammai nPr act iceAni cca,dukkhaandanat t

ar et het hree
essent i
alel ement si nt heBuddha st eachi ngs.I fyouknow ani cca( i
mper manence)t r
uly,
youknow dukkha( unsat i
sfactoriness)al soasasequelandanat t( no-sel f)ast he
ulti
mat et r
ut h.I ttakest i
met ounder st andt het hreet ogether.Ani ccai s,ofcour se,t he
essent i
alf actorwhi chmustf irstbeexper i
encedandunder stoodbypr act ice.A mer e
readingoft hebooksonBuddhi sm orbook- knowl edgeoft heBuddha- Dhammawi l
lnot
beenoughf ort heunder standingoft rueani ccabecauset heexper i
ent ialaspectwi llbe
mi ssi
ng.I ti sonl yt hroughexper i
enceandunder st andingoft henat ureofani ccaasan
everchangi ngpr ocesswi thinyourver ysel fthatyoucanunder standani ccai nt heway
theBuddhawoul dl ikeyout ounder st andi t
.Thisunder standi ngofani ccacanbe
developed,asi nt hedaysoft heBuddha,byper sonswhohavenobook- knowledge
what soeverofBuddhi sm.Tounder standani cca,onemustf oll
ow st ri
ctlyanddi l
igentlythe
EightfoldNobl ePat hwhi chi sdi videdi ntot het hr eest epsofs la,samdhi ,andpa.
Sl
aorvi rtuousl i
vingi sthebasef orsamdhi ,t hati s,cont roloft hemi ndt oone-
pointedness.I tisonl ywhensamdhii sgoodt hatonecandevel oppa( wisdom) .So,
sl
aandsamdhiar et hepr erequi sitesf orpa.Bypai smeantt heunder standing
ofani cca,dukkhaandanat tthrought hepr acticeofVi passan.Whet heraBuddhahas
arisenornot ,thepr acti
ceofs laandsamdhii spr esenti nt hewor l
dofmanki nd.I n
fact,theyar et hecommondenomi nator sofal lr el i
giousf aith.Theyar e,however ,notthe
meanst otheendt heendofsuf fering.I nhi ssear chf ort hisendofsuf f eri
ng,Pr ince
Siddhat t
haf oundt hisoutandhewor kedhi swayt hrought of i
ndt hePat hwhi chleads
tot heendofsuf fer i
ng.Af tersol i
dwor kf orsixyear s,hef oundt hewayout ,became
compl etel
yenl ightenedandt hen

taughtmenandgodst of ollow thePat hwhi chl eadst hem t ot heendofsuf f

er i
ng.In
thisconnect i
onIshoul dl i
ket oexpl aint hateachact i
on, eit
herbydeed,wor dor
thought ,leavesbehi ndaf or ceofact i
on,sakhr a( orkamma) ,f orever yone,whi ch
becomest hesour ceoft hesuppl yofener gyt osust ai
nl i
fe,whi chi si nevi t
ablyf ol
lowed
bysuf feringanddeat h.I ti sbyt hedevel opmentoft hepoweri nher enti nt he
under st andingofani cca,dukkhaandanat tt hatonei sabl etor idonesel foft he
sakhr awhi chbecomesaccumul atedi none sownper sonalaccount .Thi spr ocess
beginswi t
ht het r
ueunder standingofani ccawhi l
ef urtheraccumul ationsoff resh
actionsandt hereduct ionoft hesuppl yofener gyt osust ai
nl i
fear et akingpl ace
simul taneousl yfrom t imet ot i
meandf rom dayt oday.I tis,ther efore,amat terofa
l
ifetimeormor etogetr i
dofal lofone sownsa khraorkamma.Hewhohasgot
himsel fr idofal lsa khra( orkamma)comest ot heendofsuf fering,becausebyt hen,
therei snor emainderofhi ssakhrat ogi vet henecessar yli
feener gyt osust ai
nhi m
i
nanyf orm ofl i
fe.Thi sendofsuf f
eringi sr eachedbyt heBuddhaandt heAr ahatson
thet er minat i
onoft heirlives,whent heypassi ntoPar inibbna.Forusoft oday,who
taket oVi passanmedi tation,itshoul dsuf fi
cei fwecanunder standani ccaver ywel l
andr eacht hestageofanAr i
ya( NobleOne) :aSot pat t
i-
puggal a( thef i
rststageof
Enlight enment ),onewhowi l
lnotl ivemor et hansevenl ivestocomet ot heendof
suffering.Thi sani cca,whi chopenst hedoort ot heunder standingofdukkhaandanat t,
andt henl eadst ot heendofsuf f
eringevent ually,canbeencount eredonl yt hrougha
Buddhaor ,afterhehaspassedaway,t hr
oughhisteachingsf oraslongast hose
aspectsrelat
ingt otheEight
foldNobl
ePat handthe37Fact orsofEnli
ght
enment( bodhi
-
pakkhiya)remainintactandareavail
abl
etotheaspi
rant
.Forpr ogr
essinVi passan
meditati
on,ast udentmustkeepknowinganiccaascont i
nuouslyaspossible.The
Buddhasadvicetomonksi sthatt
heyshallt
rytomaintai
nt heawarenessof

aniccaordukkhaoranat t
i nal lpost ures,whet hersi tt
ingorst andi
ngorwal ki
ngor
l
yingdown.Thecont i
nuityofawar enessofani ccaandsoofdukkhaandanat ti st he
secretofsuccess.Thel astwor dsoft heBuddha,j ustbef orehebr eathedhi sl astand
passedawayi ntoMah- parinibbnawer e:Vaya-dhammasa khr a;Appamdenasampdet ha.
Decayorani ccai sinherentinal lcompoundedt hings.Wor koutyourownsal vati
onwi th
dili
gence.Di gha-nikya,Sutta161Thi si si nf actt heessenceofal lhist eachingsdur i
ng
thef ortyfi
veyear shet aught .I fyouwi llkeepupt heawar enessofani ccathati s
i
nher enti nal lcompooundedt hings,youar esur et or eacht hegoalinthecour seoft i
me.
Int hemeant ime,asyoudevel opi nt heunder standi ngofani cca,youri nsightinto what
i
st r
ueofnat urewi l
lbecomegr eaterandgr eat er.Somuchsot hatevent uall
yyouwi ll
havenodoubtwhat soeveroft het hr eechar act eristi
csofani cca,dukkhaandanat t.Iti s
onlyt hent hatyouar ei naposi ti
ont ogoaheadf orthegoali nview.Now t hatyouknow
aniccaast hef i
rstessent i
alf actor,youshoul dt ryt ounder standwhatani ccaiswi th
clari
tyandasext ensi
velyaspossi blesoasnott ogetconf usedi nthecour seof
pract iceordi scussion.Ther ealmeani ngofani ccai simper manenceordecayt hatis,t he
i
nher entnat ureofi mper manenceordecayi never ythi
ngt hatexi stsi
ntheuni verse,
whet herani mat eori nanimate.Tomakemywor kofexpl anationeasyf ort hepr esent-day
gener at
ion,Imi ghtdr aw at tentiont ot heopeni ngsent encesoft hechapt erAtomi c
Cont ent sint hebookI nsi
det heAt om byI saacAsi movandal sotoapor ti
onoft he
cont entsonpage159oft he

bookaboutchemi calr eact i

onsgoi ngonatt hesamet imei nal lpar t
soft hebodyofa
l
ivingcr eat uresuchasahumanbei ng.Thi sshoul dbesuf f
icientt obr i
nghomet hepoi nt
ofvi ew t hatallthings,di fferentast heyar e,aremadeoft inypar ti
clescal l
ed atoms.
Theseat omshavebeenpr ovedbysci encet obei nast ateofar i
singanddi ssol uti
on
orchange.Weshoul daccor dinglyacceptt heconceptoft heBuddhat hatall
compoundedt hingsar esubj ecttochange, decayorani cca.Buti nexpoundi ngt het heory
ofani cca,t heBuddhast ar t
edwi tht hebehavi ourt hatmakesmat t
er,andmat teras
knownt ot heBuddhai sver ymuchsmal l
ert hant heatom t hatt hesci enceoft odayhas
discover ed.TheBuddhamadei tknownt ohi sdi sci
plesthatever ythingt hatexi stsin
theuni ver se,whet herani mat eori nani mate,iscomposedofkal pas( verymuchsmal l
er
thanat oms) ,eachdyi ngoutsi mul taneousl yasi tcomesi ntobei ng.Eachkal pai sa
massf or medoft heei ghtnat ur
eel ement s,namel y,pahav,po,t ejo,vyo,vaa,
gandha,r asa,oj( soli
d, l
iquid,heat ,mot ion,col our,odour ,tasteandnut r
iment ).The
fi
rstfourar ecalledmat erialqualiti
eswhi char epr edominanti nakal pa.Theot herfour
aremer el ysubsi di
arieswhi char edependentuponandbor noutoft hef ormer .A kal pa
i
st hemi nut estpar t
iclei nt hephysi calplanest illbeyondt her angeofsci enceoft oday.
Itisonl ywhent heei ghtnat ureel ement s( whichhavemer elythechar acter
isticsof
behaviour)aretogetherthattheenti
tyofakal pa( thetiniestpar
ti
cleofmat t
erint he
physicalplane)isformed.Inotherwords,theco- exi
stencef oramomentoft heseeight
natureelementsofbehavi ourmakesamass,j ustf orthatmoment ,whichi nBuddhism
i
sknownasakal pa.Thesi zeofakalpai sabout1/ 46,656t
hpartofapar t
icl
eof
dustf r
om t hewheelofachar i
oti
nsummeri nI ndia.Thel i
fespanofakal paisa
moment ,therebeingat r
il
li
onsuchmoment sint hewi nkofaneyeofahumanbei ng.
Thesekal pasareal linast at
eofperpet
ualchangeorf lux.Toadevel opedstudentin
Vipassanmedi t
ati
ont heycanbef eltasast ream ofener gy.Thehuman

bodyi snotanent ityasi tseemst obe,butacont inuum ofanaggr egat eofmat ter
(rpa)wi t
ht hel ifef orce(nma)co- exi sting.Toknow t hatourver ybodyi scomposedof
ti
nykal pas,al linast ateofchange,i st oknow whati st r
ueoft henat ureofchange
ordecay.Thi snat ureofchangeordecay( anicca)occasi onedbyt hecont inual
breakdownandr eplacementofkal pas,al linast ateofcombust i
on,mustnecessar i
ly
bei dentifiedwi thdukkha,t het r
uthofsuf fering.I tisonl ywhenyouexper ience
i
mper manence( anicca)asdukkha( suf fer
ingori ll
)thatyoucomet ot her eali
zationof
theTr uthofSuf feringoft heFourNobl eTr ut hs,onwhi chsomuchemphasi shasbeen
l
ai di nthet eachi ngsoft heBuddha.Why?Becausewhenyour eal i
zet hesubt l
enat ure
ofdukkhaf r
om whi chyoucannotescapef oramoment ,youwi l
lbecomet r
ulyaf raidof ,
disgust edwi th,anddi sinclinedt ocont i
nueyourver yexi stenceofr paandnmaand
l
ookoutf orawayofescapet oast atebeyondt hati s,beyonddukkha,andsot ot he
endofsuf f
ering.Whatt hatendofsuf fer
ingwoul dbel i
ke,youwi l
lbeabl et ohavea
tast eof ,evenasahumanbei ng,whenyour eacht hel evelofaSot pat tiandar e
devel opedwel lenoughbypr acti
cet ogoi nt ot heuncondi ti
onedst ateoft hePeaceof
Ni bbnawi t
hin.Bet hatasi tmay,f orever ydayl i
fe,nosoonerar eyouabl et okeepup
theawar enessofani ccai npr actice,t hanyouwi l
lknowf oryour selft hatachangei s
takingpl acei nyou,bot hphysi callyandment ally,
forthebet t
er.Bef oreent eringi ntot he
pract i
ceofVi passanmedi t
ati
on,t hati s,aftersamdhihasbeendevel opedt oapr oper
l
evel ,ast udentshoul df i
rstbeacquai nt edwi tht het heor eticalknowl edgeofr pa( mat t
er)
andnma( mindandment alproper ties) .Ifhehasunder st oodt hesewel li nt heor yand
hascomet ot hepr operl evelofsamdhi ,ther eisever yl ikeli
hoodofhi sunder standi ng
ani cca,dukkhaandanat ti nthetruesenseoft hewor dsoft heBuddha.I nVi passan
medi t
ation,onecont empl atesnotonl yt hechangi ngnat ur e( anicca)ofr paormat ter,
butal sot hechangi ngnat ur e(anicca)ofnma,t hought-el ement sofat tentionpr ojected

towardst heprocessofchangeofr paormat t

er.Atti
mest heat
tenti
onwi llbeont he
aniccaofr paormat t
eronl y.Atti
mest heattenti
onmaybeont heani ccaoft hought
-
element s(nma).Whenonei scontemplati
ngt heaniccaofrpaormat t
er,oner eali
zes
alsot hatthethought-
element sar
isi
ngsimul t
aneouslywi
ththeawar enessoft heanicca
ofr paormat terareal soinast at
eoft ransi
tionorchange.Inthatcaseyouar e
knowi ngtheaniccaofbot hr
paandnmat oget
her.AllIhavesaidsof arrelatestot he
understandingofani ccat hrought hebody- f
eelings,tot heunder st andingoft hepr ocess
ofchangeofr paormat ter,andal sooft het hought -
element sdependi nguponsuch
changingpr ocesses.Youshoul dknow al sothatani ccacanbeunder stoodt hroughot her
typesoff eeli
ngaswel l
.Aniccacanbedevel opedt hr
oughf eeling( i
)bycont actofvi si
ble
form withthesenseor ganoft heeye,(ii
)bycontactofsoundwi ththesenseor ganoft heear,
(ii
i)bycontactofsmel lwiththesenseor ganoft henose, (i
v)bycont actoft astewi t
ht hesense
organoft het ongue,(v)bycont actoftouchwi ththesenseor ganoft hebody, (
vi)bycont actof
thoughtwi ththesenseor ganoft hemi nd.I
nf act,onecandevel opt heunder st andingof
aniccat hroughanyoft hesi xor gansofsense.I npractice,however ,wehavef oundt hat
,
ofal ltypesoff eel
ings,t hef eeli
ngsoft hecont actoftouchwi tht hecomponentpar ts
oft hebodyi napr ocessofchangecover sawi dear eaf ori ntrospect i
vemedi tati
on.Not
onl yt
hat,butt hefeelingbycont actoft ouch( bywayoft hef r
iction,radiationand
vibrat
ionsoft hekal paswi t
hin)wi t
ht hecomponentpar tsoft hebodyi smor et angibl
e
thanot hert ypesoff eeling,andt her
eforeabegi nnerinVi passanmedi t
ationcan

comet ot heunder standingofani ccamor eeasi lythr oughbodyf eeli

ngsoft henat ureof
changeofr paormat ter.Thi si st hemai nr easonwhywehavechosent hebody
feel
ingasamedi um fort hequi ckunder standi ngofani cca.I tisopent oanyonet ot r
y
othermeans,butmysuggest ioni st hatoneshoul dhaveonesel fwel lest abli
shedi nt he
understandi ngofani ccat hroughbodyf eelingsbef oreanat tempti smadet hr oughot her
typesoff eeling.Therear etenl evelsofknowl edgeofVi passan, namel y:(i)Sammasana:t he
appreci
at i
onofani cca,dukkhaandanat tbycl oseobser vat i
onandanal ysis, ofcour se,
theoret
ically.(ii
)Udayabbaya:knowl edgeoft hear i
singanddi ssol u-t
ionofr paandnma.( ii
i)
Bhaga:knowl edgeoft hefast-changi ngnat ureofr paandnmaasaswi ftflowofcur r
entor
astream ofener gy.(i
v)Bhaya:knowl edgeoft hef actt hatt hisver yexis-t encei sdr eadful.(v)
dnava:knowl edgeoft hefactt hatt hi sver yexi s-tencei sf ullofevi l
s.(vi)Ni bbid:knowl edge
ofthefactt hatt hi
sver yexis-tencei sdi sgust ing.(vii
)Mucci t
u-kamyat :knowl edgeoft he
urgentneedt oescapef rom thisver yexi stence.( vii
i)Pa isakh:knowl edgeoft hef actthat
thetimehascomet owor kwi thf ull
r ealizationf orsal vat i
onwi t
hani ccaast hebase.( i
x)
Sakhrupekkh:knowl edgeoft hef actt hatt hest agei snowsett ogetdet achedf rom sakhra
andt obreakawayf r
om ego- cent ri
sm.( x)Anul oma:knowl edget hatwoul daccel eratetheat -
tempttor eacht hegoal.Thesear et hel evelsofat tainmentt hatoneget st hroughdur i
ng
thecour seofVi passanmedi tati
on,whi chi nt hecaseoft hosewhor eacht hegoali n
ashor tt i
mecanbeknownonl yin

retr
ospect.Wi t
hpr ogressi ntheunder standi
ngofani cca,oneget sthrought heselevel s
ofat tai
nment;subj ect
,however ,toadj ustmentsorhel patcer tai
nl evelsbyacompet ent
teacher.Oneshoul davoi dlookingf orwar dtosuchat tai
nmentsi nant i
cipation,asthis
willdistr
actonef r
om t hecont i
nuit
yofawar enessofani ccawhichalonecanandwi llgive
onet hedesir
edr eward.Now letmedealwi thVipassanmedi tati
onf rom t hepoi ntof
view ofahousehol deri neverydayl if
eandexpl ai
nt hebenef i
tonecander ivefrom i
t ,
her e
andnow, i
nthisverylif
etime.Thei ni
tialobjectofVi passanMedi tati
oni st oact ivat
e
aniccai none sownsel fort oexper i
enceone sowni nnersel fi naniccaandt oget
eventuallytoast at eofi nnerandout ercalmnessandbal ance.Thi sisachi evedwhen
onebecomesengr ossedi nt hef eeli
ngofani ccawi thi
n.Thewor ldi snow f acingserious
problemst hreateningmanki nd.I ti sjustt her ighttimef orever yonet ot aket o
Vipassanmedi t
ationandl earnhow t of i
ndadeeppoolofqui eti nthemi dstofal l
thatishappeni ngt oday.Ani ccai sinsideever ybody.I tiswi thever ybody.I tiswi t
hin
reachofever ybody.Justal ooki ntoone sownsel fandt her ei ti saniccat obe
experienced.Whenonecanf eelani cca,whenonecanexper ienceani ccaandwhenone
canbecomeengr ossedi nani cca,onecanatwi llcutawayf rom t hewor ldofi deation
outside.Aniccai s,f orthehousehol der,thegem ofl ifewhi chhewi l
ltreasur etocr eate
areser voi
rofcal m andbal ancedener gyf orhi sownwel l
-beingandf orthewel far
eof
society.Anicca,whenpr operlydevel oped, st
rikesatt her ootofone sphysi caland
ment alill
sandr emovesgr adual l
ywhat everisbadi none,t hati s,thesour cesofsuch
physicalandment alill
s.I nt hel if
eti
meoft heBuddhat her ewer esomesevent ymi l
lion
peoplei nSvat thiandpl acesar ound,int heki ngdom ofPasenadiKosal a.Oft hem,
aboutf i
ft
ymi ll
ionwer eAr i
yaswhohadpassedi ntot hest ream ofSot patti.The
number

ofhousehol der swhot ookt oVi passanmedi t

ationmustt her eforehavebeenmor e.2
Aniccai snotr eser vedf ormenwhohaver enouncedt hewor l
df ort hehomel essl i
fe.I t
i
sf ort hehousehol deraswel l.Inspi teofdr awbackst hatmakeahousehol derr estless
i
nt hesedays,acompet entt eacherorgui decanhel past udentt ogetani ccaact i
vat ed
i
nacompar ativel yshor tt ime.Oncehehasgoti tact i
vat ed,al lthati snecessar ywoul d
bef orhi mt ot ryandpr eser vei t,buthemustmakei tapoi nt,assoonast imeor
oppor t
unitypr esent si t
sel fforf urtherpr ogress,towor kf ort hest ageofBha gat he
thir
dl evelofknowl edgei nVi passan.I fher eachest hisl evel,ther ewi l
lbel i
ttl
eorno
probl em becauseheshoul dt henbeabl et oexper ienceani ccawi thoutmuchadoand
almostaut omat ically.Int hiscaseani ccashal lbecomehi sbase, forr eturnt heret oas
soonast hedomest icneedsofdai l
yl i
fe,allphysi calandment alact ivit
ies,ar eover .
Ther ei sl i
kel y,however , t
obesomedi f
ficul
tywi thonewhohasnotasyetr eachedt he
stageofBha ga.I twi l
lbej ustl ikeat ug-of-warf orhi m bet weenani ccawi thinand
physi calandment alact ivit
iesout si
det hebody.So,i twoul dbewi sef orhi mt of ollow
themot toof Wor kwhi l
eyouwor k;playwhi l
eyoupl ay.Ther ei snoneedf orhi mt o
beact ivati
ngani ccaal lt het ime.I tshoul dsuf f
icei ft hi
scoul dbeconf i
nedt ot he
regul arper iodorper i
odssetapar tint hedayorni ghtf ort hepur pose.Dur i
ngt hist ime
atl east ,anat t
emptmustbemadet okeept hemi nd/ attentioni nsidet hebodywi tht he
awar enessexcl usivel yofani cca,t hati st osay,hi sawar enessofani ccashoul dbef rom
momentt omoment ,orsocont inuousi tdoesnotal low f ort hei nt erpol ati
onofany
discur siveordi st ractingt hought swhi char edef initelydet ri
ment alt opr ogress.Incase
thisi snotpossi bl e,hewoul dhavet ogobackt or espi r
at i
onmi ndf ulness,because
samdhii st hekeyt oani cca.Togetgoodsamdhi ,slahast obeper fect,sincesamdhii s
built2Seet hecomment ar yont heDhammapada( I,4)[ Buddhi stLegends,I ,147] .The
comment
arysayst
went
ymi
ll
ionpeopl
edi
dnotat
tai
nthest
ateofanAr
iya.

upons la.Forgoodani cca,samdhimustbegood.I fsamdhii sexcellent ,awar eness

ofaniccawi l
l alsobecomeexcel lent .Therei snospeci alt echni quef oract i
vat ingani cca
othert hant heuseoft hemi ndsett oaper fectst ateofbal anceandat tentionpr oject ed
tot heobj ectofmedi t
ation.InVi passant heobj ectofmedi tat
ioni sani ccaand
thereforei nt hecaseoft hoseusedt odrawi ngbackt heirat tentiont obodyf eel i
ng,t hey
canf eelani ccadi rectly.Inexper ienci ngani ccaonori nt hebody,i tshoul df irstbei n
thear eawher eonecaneasi lygethi sat tentionengr ossed, changi ngt hear easof
attenti
onf rom pl acet opl ace,f rom headt of eetandf rom f eett ohead,att i
mes
probingi nt ot hei nterior.Att hisst age,i tmustbecl ear lyunder stoodt hatnoat tent i
oni s
tobepai dt ot heanat omyoft hebodybutr ightt ot hef ormat ionofmat ter( kal pas)
andt henat ur eoft heirconst antchange.I ft hesei nst ructionsar eobser ved,t her ewi l
l
surelybepr ogr ess,butt hepr ogr essdependsal soonone spr am s( Perfect i
ons)and
thedevot ionoft hei ndividualt ot hewor kofmedi t
ation.I fheat t
ainshi ghl evel sof
knowl edge,hi spowert ounder standt hethr eechar act eristi
csofani cca,dukkhaand
anattwi lli ncr easeandhewi l
laccor dinglycomenear erandnear ert othegoalof
Ariyawhi chever yhousehol dershoul dkeepi nvi ew.Thi si st heageofsci ence.Men
todayhavenout opia.Theywi l
lnotacceptanyt hi
ngunl esst her esul tsar egood,
concret e,vi vid, personalandher e-and- now.Whent heBuddhawasal i
ve, hesai dt othe
Kmas:Now l ook,youK mas.Benotmi sledbyr epor tort raditionorhear say.Be
notmi sledbypr oficiencyi nt hecol lecti
ons,norbyr easonorl ogi c,noraf t
err eflection
onandappr ovalofsomet heor y;norbecausei tconf or mswi thone si nclinationnorout
ofr espectf ort hepr esti
geofat eacher .ButK mas,whenyouknow f oryour sel ves,
theset hi ngsar eunwhol esome,t heset hingsar ebl amewor thy,t heset hi
ngsar ecensur ed
byt hei ntel l
igent ;t heset hings,whenpr actisedandobser ved,conducet ol ossand
sorrow;t hendo

your ejectt hem.Buti fatanyt i

meyouknow f oryour selves, theset hingsare
whol esome,t heset hi
ngsar eblameless,thesethingsar epr aisedbyt heintel
li
gent;these
thi
ngswhenpr act
isedandobser vedar econduci vetowel fareandhappi ness;then
Kmasshoul dyou,havingpract i
sedthem, abidetherein.Thet i
mecl ockofVi passan
i
snow st ruckthatis,fortherevi
valoft heBuddha- Dhamma,Vi passani npr act
ice.We
havenodoubtwhat soeveraboutdef i
nit
er esul
tsaccr uingt ot hosewhowoul dwi thopen
mindsi ncerelyundergoacour seoft r
ainingunderacompet entt eacher.Imeanr esul
ts
whichwi llbeaccept edasgood,concr ete,vivi
d,personal ,her e-and- now,result
swhi ch
willkeept hem ingoodst eadandi nast at
eofwel l
-beingandhappi nessfortherestof
theirlives.

MAYALLBEI
NGSBEHAPPY,
AND MAY PEACEPREVAI
LIN THI
SWORLD.