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Considerations in Design
Lecture 2
Todays Topics
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Instability and R-Curve
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Instability and R-Curve
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Instability and R-Curve
n Flat R-Curve:
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Instability and R-Curve
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Instability and R-Curve
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Load Control vs. Displacement Control
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Example
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Stress Analysis of Cracks
k
s ij = f ij (q ) + Am r g ij (q )
m2 m
r m =0
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Stress Analysis of Cracks
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Failure Modes
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Stress Intensity Factor
K = k 2p
n Stress fields ahead of a crack tip
KI
f ij (q )
I
lim s =
I
ij
r 0 2pr
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Stress Intensity Factor
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Stress Intensity Factor
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Stress Intensity Factor
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Stress Intensity Factor
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.
K I s
n For infinite plate subjected to a remote tensile stress, s :
K I = s pa
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.
K I = 1.12s pa
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
K I = s yy pa = s cos b pa
2
K II = t xy pa = s cos b sin b pa
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
Quick Review on Mohrs Circle
Assume sx > sy
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
Then, we can draw the Mohrs circle for the cracked body
Assumption : s yy s xx
K I = s yy pa = s cos2 b pa
b is small or less than 45o
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
K II = t xy pa = s cos b sin b pa
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n For a Penny-shaped crack in an infinite
medium
2 a
KI = s pa
p
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n For elliptical or semi-elliptical crack
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n For elliptical or semi-elliptical crack
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n For elliptical or semi-elliptical crack
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n Example: Pressure Vessel
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n Example: Pressure Vessel
Condition to be satisfied:
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Relationship Between K and Global
Behavior
n Example: Pressure Vessel
0.4
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
12
2W pa
K I = s pa tan
pa 2W
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Effect of Finite Size
12
2W pa
K I = s pa tan
pa 2W
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
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Effect of Finite Size
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Principle of Superposition
K
total
I = K IA + K BI + K CI + ......
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Principle of Superposition
Pb/2
Pb/2
a
Pm Pm
Pb
K
total
I = K axial
I + bending
KI
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Relationship Between K and G
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Relationship Between K and G
K I2
G=
E
n For plane strain (thick plate)
K I2
G=
E
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Relationship Between K and G
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Relationship Between K and G
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