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Air? Big Question: What is Air?

Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Vocab:
Polluted: containing substances that can cause harm to people, plants, animals, and structures; unclean
or impure
Pollutant: a substance that can make air, soil, soil, or water harmful to organisms and structures
Air quality: the condition of air in terms of the amount of pollutants it contains
Air pollution: the introduction of chemicals, particles, or organisms to air that are harmful to living things
and structures
Volume: a measure of how much space something takes up
Mass: the amount of stuff something contains
Balance: an instrument used by scientists to measure mass
Matter: anything that has volume (takes up space) and has mass
State: form, type, or kind
Macroscopic: a word used to describe an observation that can be seen by the unaided eye
Solid: matter that has a definite shape and volume and an organized arrangement of particles that remain
very close together and vibrate slowly.
Liquid: matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. A liquid takes the shape of its
container. The particles remain close together and slide past each other in a fluid motion
Gas: a gas: matter that has no definite shape or volume. A gas takes on the shape and volume of its
container. The particles are far apart and move rapidly and randomly
Microscopic: things you cannot see with your unaided eyes
Atom: the basic building block of matter
Element: the simplest type of substance made up of identical atoms
Molecule: a combination of two or more atoms
Particle: atoms and molecules that make up substances
Thermal energy: the energy of motion of the particles of matter in a substance
Heat: the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer substance to a cooler one
Temperature: a measure of the average speed of the particles of matter. Temperature changes as the
particles move faster (warmer) or slower (colder)
Melting point: the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
Evaporation: a change from a liquid to a gas at a temperature that is lower that the boiling point
Condensation: the process in which gas cools to form a liquid
Freezing: the process in which a liquid cools to form a solid
Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid
Sublimation: the process of a substance changing directly from a solid to a gas
Plasma: a state of matter that forms from gases at very high temperatures
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

a parable. A parable is a short story that teaches some truth or lesson.


esson of Malaire teach?
I think that the short story of Malaire teaches us a lesson. The lesson is that we should not get
so into living our lives with the luxury of electricity that we completely kill everything and everyone, that
we should also give thought to things like the forests and the animals who have to live in the same world
as us. The truth is that most communities are like this.
ompare to Malaire? Do you think the air quality in your community

I think that if we get so into making the things that make the bad fumes we definitely could, and
as it is the human race already has made some places like that, maybe they arent quite as bad, but they
still have hard-to-breathe air and they compare to Malaire in more than one way.
the air in your community from becoming as bad as the air in

I could try to use less fume-making energy myself and try to get people around me to do the
same so that we could start helping the air. I could also plant things in my yard to keep the air cleaner. If
everyone doesnt do it, it would at least lessen the fumes and hold this future away a little longer.
ved? How do you could use what you read about Malaire to

The people of Malaire could help their air by planting trees and plants to keep clean air going,
maybe have some fans to circulate the air and have the exhaust chimneys higher so that the fumes would
go further away from the city.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

ty?

Effect Pic
#

Smokestacks from a coal This has a bad effect on air This puts bad fumes in the 1
burning electricity plant quality air, similar to those of
Malaire

Cars on a highway/road This has a bad effect on air The cars run on gas which 2
quality means as the car sits
running in the middle of
traffic it is releasing fumes
into the air

Electric run transport This has a good effect on air Instead of gas fumes, these 3
vehicles quality us electricity, making it
fumeless

A guy getting gas This has a bad effect on air This man is going to drive, 4
quality releasing gas fumes into the
air

Wind-generated electricity This has a bad effect on air This is a different way of 5
quality making electricity that
doesnt involve fumes

More compact light bulbs This has a good effect on air I guess these last longer 6
quality which means you make less,
causing less to be made

Solar panels on a roof This has a good effect on air This is good because the 7
quality family doesnt create fumes
and wont pay energy bills.

People planting a garden This has a good effect on air This is good because plants 8
quality take in carbon dioxide and
breathe out new oxygen.

Forest Fires This has a bad effect on air This is bad because it burns 9
quality oxygen making trees and
causes smoke to fill the air.

Cattle Herds This has a bad effect on air This is a bad idea because 10
quality they have methane and they
breathe in air that we could
also use and kick up dust,
dirtying the air we breathe.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Forest Fire: 9
Cattle:10

People Gardening: 8

Lightbulb: 6
House w/ solar panels: 7
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Windmills: 5

Train:3
Gas Guy: 4

Cars w/ highway: 2
Smokestacks: 1
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Air Walk:
I didnt have a phone or camera with me, but what I saw for positive was my neighbor
planting a new tree in their front yard. This is helpful because it gives new oxygen and sucks
carbon dioxide out of the air so the air is cleaner for us to breathe.
The negative thing I saw while driving. While we driving to my grandparents house to help
them with something, we drove past a dog food factory. I know how the people of Malaire feel
when I drive past that place because it smells so bad, if they had just two factories like that on
either side of town, with the bad air and all, I would get sick, too.

Stop and Think Pg. 16

The three most important things are that:


1. The factories that cover a lot of the area are bad and factory owners should consider moving them elsewhere
less harmful to the air
2. The air quality in my area (Aurora) is pretty bad considering all the traffic and all the factories and all the
pollution
3. That we could make it better by planting more plants (even if its winter, do an indoor garden) and using less
energy and not using the car for as many trips as we usually do

The three most important things are:


1. The dog food factory because not only can you literally see the smoke or steam or whatever coming out, you
can also smell it from about a mile away, and it aint pleasant
2. People leaving cars running in the morning to warm/cool them because this releases fumes into the air than can
make you sick or even kill you if the fumes are contained
3. Coal electricity plants because these burn fossil fuels that create smoke

The three most important things are:


1. The effect of humans making products is factories which cause smoke which can cause sickness and it can also
harm the environment.
2. Human activities such as smoking could harm the environment by putting smoke in the air and causing you to
breathe smoke which isnt good
3. Human activities such as trash areas can harm the air because the trash gets burned which puts smoke in the
air.

We need to know the average amount of people who do harmful things so if the average is lower than the air quality isnt
that poor but if it is a high percentage that the air quality is really poor

The same things i needed to know for # four because the percentages could tell good or bad quality and then we could
find out what was wrong if the quality was bad and fix it.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Project Board

How can you improve the air quality in your community?


What do we think we What do we need to What does it mean
know? investigate? What are we learning? What is our evidence? for the challenge or
question?

I think I know that air How we can help the air We are learning how to
pollution can be caused quality. help fix the air quality
by many things that
people consciously do

I think I know that we How to make the We are learning what


could fix it by not idling factories not so harmful harms the air quality so
cars or using as much to our environment we can stop it when we
electricity. see it

Pg. 22 contributions:
I think I know that air How it reacts to We are learning if air
does actually move when something that creates a actually moves or if wind
a fan or the AC of a car wind, which is technically is caused by something
is running. just moving air. else.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Air Quality Sketches


What I did for the good air quality is nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen because good air wouldnt have carbon in it
which can be considered a pollutant and good air would most likely have oxygen because that is what we need to
live.
What i did for the kbad air quality is the same as before with an addition of pollutants and carbon because bad
air would have a lot of smoke and steam in it and carbon because carbon is considered a pollutant. The other
parts are basically in every kind of air.

Similarities:
Most of the people have oxygen or nitrogen in their air. Most people had some sort of pollutant or carbon in their bad air.
There was also a common lack of water in the air (common to have dry air). Most people represented their molecules
with circles but some people color coded or shape coded their air so it was easier to see which was which.

Common Elements of Bad Air


There was almost always carbon in the bad air and some sort of pollutant, while in the good air there wasnt any. I also did
this, but something I realized just now is that you cant have completely clear air and you cant filter it so well it's pollutant
free. There would always be pollutants.

Reflect pg.22

Science Starter
I think air does take up space and I have two pieces of evidence to prove it. My first piece of evidence is sort of
weak but air has space because whenever you have a bottle of water or dish soap or something like that and its
clear, there are air pockets floating around in there that move whenever you shift the bottle. My second, stronger
piece of evidence is breathing. Whenever you breath your chest moves up and down. You breathe in air, so that
means that air takes up space because if it didnt then your chest wouldnt rise and fall as the space inside was
taken up.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

My Predictions
I think that the paper towel will stay dry because the pressure of the cup hitting the water will keep the air in
and the paper towel against the bottom making it stay dry.

My Observations
Since you had to put it in past the rim (I missed that part) it did get wet.

Compare
It did get wet and my prediction was wrong. I missed part if the instructions.

My Predictions
I dont think it will get wet because other people have done it before and they said it wouldn't get wet so Ill just
take their word on it.

My Observations
Its not wet.

Compare
I was not wrong, I was right :)

My Predictions
I think it will get wet because there is a hole in the bottom of the cup that will let water in and soak the paper
towel, even if the rest is the same as the last one

My Observations
I was right because the hole let the water out, therefore making it wet

Compare
I was right, so there is nothing really to compare, because it did exactly what I predicted it would.

Stop and Think Pg. 28

The results of demonstration three were that the paper towel got wet because of the hole in the top of the cup.

Does Air Have Mass


I think air does have mass. One example of this I have is when you breathe. When you breathe, your lungs expand
and then go back to normal on inhale and exhale. This is because your lungs are taking in air and the air is filling
them up. Another example is ballons. When you blow into them, you are putting air in them, and the balloon fills up,
making it take up space, or, rather, mass. Mass is also basically the same as space anyway, it just is a little
different because to take up space, you have to have mass. Also, when we were guessing what air would look like,
well, you cant see what it will look like if it doesnt have mass because otherwise it would be a vacuum. So air has
mass.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Procedure For Finding Air Mass


Materials:
Chrome book
Scale
Air pump
5 balloons

Procedure:
1. Place the deflated balloon on the scale to measure the weight of it
2. Record Results
3. Take balloon off the scale and inflate with pump (15 pumps) and tie the end to stop air from escaping the balloon.
4. Put the inflated balloon back on the scale. Check to see if the weight has changed.
5. Record Results
6. Repeat steps 1-5 four times to get a total of five trials using a different balloon each time.

My Observations
Weight:
Before: 0.9 g
After: 2.9 g
It weighed a lot more than when we started
Trial 2
Weight
Before: 1.8 g
After: 2.9 g
The difference os by 1.1 grams

Revised Procedure
Materials:
Chrome book
Scale
Air pump
Up to three balloons

Procedure:
7. Place the deflated balloon on the scale to measure the weight of it
8. Record Results
9. Take balloon off the scale and inflate with pump (25 pumps if measuring how much air weighs, if not, just inflate
a decent amount) and tie the end to stop air from escaping the balloon.
10. Put the inflated balloon back on the scale. Check to see if the weight has changed.
11. Record Results
12. Repeat steps 1-2 times t o get a total of one to three trials using a different balloon each time.

Trial 1
Weight:
Before: 1.9 g
After: 2.0g

Trail 2
Weight:
Before: 1.9g
After: 2.0g
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Observations:
The balloons are both very different sizes but they both weigh the same, so air must not be all that dense, otherwise the
bigger one would weigh more. The size difference is two times, so the weight difference from the deflated balloons should
be two times the size, but its not.

Questions:
Why did the balloons weigh the same if they were such different sizes?
How much does air weigh? How much mass it transferred through one pump of air?

Reflection
Our experiment could have been slightly faulty because human error was possible. The balloons might not have been the
size they were supposed to be, the weighing could have been put off by the way we put it on the scale. Also, the
difference in the end was so small, we might have not weighed it right in the beginning considering they both weighed the
same, but I think we did a pretty good job and most of the faults are unlikely to have occurred.

Reflect
When we put a paper towel in the cup and pushed it to the bottom, it should of gotten wet, but because
air has volume, the paper towel didnt get wet when we just plain pushed it to the bottom

When we blew up a balloon and weighed it before blowing up and after, the weight was different, if only
slightly. This proves that air has mass. I have just one question about this though: if air has mass, how come two
totally different sized balloons weighed the exact same, both before and after? How much weight is gained from,
say, 10 pumps? Is it the same as the air gained from 25 or 40 pumps?

Since air has both mass and volume, as the description says is needed to be matter, I say it is. Also,
Helium is similar to air in a couple ways and it is also matter. They both have mass, volume, and you cant see
either of them when they are just floating about. Also, they are both used to blow up balloons. So air is matter.

My Explanation
Air is matter. My evidence is results of our experiments with balloons, the experiment we did when we
put cups under water, and the way you breathe.
My first piece of evidence is the fact that we are actually able to blow up balloons. If air didnt have
volume, then this wouldnt be possible. Also another thing that leads me to this conclusion is that when we did our
experiment, we weighed a balloon before and after we blew it up, and each time we blew up our balloons, we
weighed them separately. When we were done, the balloons weighed more, however small the difference.
My second piece of evidence is that when we breathe, our chests move, indicating our lungs inflating
and deflating. If air didnt have matter, than our chests wouldnt move when we breathe, and further more we
couldnt use it to make blood since it would have no size and no mass if it wasnt matter.
My third and last piece of evidence is that if air wasnt matter, then you couldnt have the results we do
with the cup and paper towel experiments. The paper towel stayed dry when upside down and without a hole on
the bottom because the air has matter that trapped the air in and protected the paper towel.
As you can see, my evidence above proves that air is, in fact, matter because to be matter, something has
to have both matter and mass, and I have proven air has both.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Group Explanation
We know that air is matter after performing multiple experiments in class, and from our personal
experiences. We know in our volume experiment from 1.2 that air formed a barrier in front of the paper towel,
preventing the water from getting to the paper towel. When we repeated the experiment with a hole in the
bottom, the air escaped and the paper towel got wet. This proves air takes up space, proving that air has volume.
In our mass experiment, a deflated balloon weighed 1.9g. An inflated balloon weighed 2g. Air must have mass to
account for the weight differential. When we inflated a balloon it expanded, proving air must have volume.
Atmospheric pressure is caused by air in the earths atmosphere pushing down on the earths surface. It is
caused by earths gravity pulling the atmosphere towards the the earths surface. This is because the air in the
earths atmosphere is made of mass. This is because it is made of matter. Clearly, air is matter because weve
done experiments that prove that air has mass and volume, which is the basic equation to what matter has to
have. Atmospheric pressure is caused by air in the earths atmosphere pushing down on the earths surface. It is
caused by earths gravity pulling the atmosphere towards the the earths surface. This is because the air in the
earths atmosphere is made of mass. This is because it is made of matter. Clearly, air is matter because weve
done experiments that prove that air has mass and volume, which is the basic equation to what matter has to
have.

Why is it Advanced?
It is advanced because it has better science words than my original did, and it is better claims, and more people's opinion
until it sounded good.

What are the states of matter


There are six states of matter, but I can only remember four of them: liquid, gas, plasma, and solids. Since they all have
weight and mass, this makes them matter.

3-2-1
3 things I learned 2 things I found interesting 1 question I still have

I never really understood how much Only one third of the U.S. uses coal How will we convince everyone to
fuel it took to make enough energy for fuel now, when back when the use safer fuels?
for a city country was founded, we used What is people stick to coal and oils
basically only coal for fuel that can harm us?
Sand can burn if you are patient with
a blowtorch and have the right
chemicals. Coal has the equivalent power to a
charged battery and when you heat it
Electrons that are released and up, that is what makes it light on fire
reorganized, causing stuff to light on
fire and burn.
Air? Big Question: What is Air? Big Question: What is Air: Big Question: What

Reflect Pg. 49-50

The gases go up to the atmosphere and hang over us like a blanket, keeping in the heat. They will also pollute the air,
further making it bad for us to breathe in.

The pollutant would probably stay in the gas state but since it is a gas and gasses need to be hot to stay gas, it would
probably go up. If the temperature was 90 F then it would probably be no different than 80F, just a whole lot most
miserable for the humans.

The garbage will burn, polluting the air, and like all the others, and have a bad effect on the planet, blanket the world like
the others.

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