Ansys Advantage Russkaya Redaktsiya 2012 17

172012
4
HPC
ANSYS
12

ANSYS HFSS
39

ANSYS Fluent

17'2012
ADVANTAGE

ANSYS Advantage.

/

2011 --
2 ANSYS, Inc.
(, ) ......................................................................... 2
17'2012 ........................................................... 2
ANSYS
:
--
................................................................................... 3
:

: ............. 4

HPC- ANSYS :
: ......................................................................................... 7
, , : HPC ........................... 9
:

:
ANSYS HFSS
:
:
........................................................................................................... 12
................... 19

ANSYS CFD
111672 , ,
. , 46, .................................................................................. 26
.: (495) 644-0608
ANSYS CFX
: (495) 644-0609

1500 . .................................................................................................. 33

........................................................................................ 39

NACA-66 .............................................................................. 41

ANSYS Fluent .................................................................................... 45
........................................ 49
ANSYS Multiphysics
.............................. 52
ANSYS CFD
.................................................................................. 54
2012 ANSYS, Inc. ANSYS

2012 --

-
, ................................................................................... 61

.

ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, CFX, AUTODYN, ICEM CFD

ANSYS, Inc.
--. , ,
.
www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

2011 --
ANSYS, Inc.

- . ,
2 ANSYS, Inc. , 22- , ., . -
26 2012 . , , - , , , -
-- , , -
ANSYS, Inc. - , , -
2011 : , , , -
1. ANSYS 2011 - , , ,
. , , ,
110%. , . , ,
2. ANSYS Q2/2011 Dominator Award. . -
2- 2011 , -
-
2- 2011 ,
. -
3. ANSYS 2011 Dominator Award Nominee.
Renascence in Engineering. - , , -
2011 . --.
.
-- -

. ,
, -

, , -
-
ANSYS, , -
ANSYS, Inc.
.

-

-- (CADFEM CIS), -
ANSYS
FEM/CFD -
ANSYS, Inc. 2012
.
2012 -
,
2011 . -
,
,
. , -
-
,
, -

ANSYS.

www.cadfem-cis.ru

ANSYS

() 3
,
,
.
, -
, -

, ,
, , -
, -
-
, , -
. , . ,
, -
, - -
- - ,
, ,
.
- , ,
, PSpice
. (OrCAD), Mentor Graphics Altium Designere, -
,
ANSYS- - .
- -
-
CALS-- , -
-- . ,
-.
.
CALS-, ANSYS--
--, -
, -
ANSYS HFSS :
1)
-
, , -
, - ;
. 2)
( -
) -
- ;
ANSYS HFSS 3) -
, - -
() -
, ANSYS-- ;
- 4) -
-
.
, - PDM-
, -
, ANSYS, ().
-
- ANSYS- .

4

: (Kenneth Wong), Desktop Engineering
Parker Aerospace , -
- -
IT . , , -
. -
Enterprise Systems, - -
Parker Aerospace - -
: -
-
, -
- .
.
- , -
.
ANSYS ,
, -
, - -
- . -
. ,
Parker Aerospace -
, , , ,
, (Bob Deragisch),
ANSYS . .
. -
, -
30-50 - Parker Aerospace -
. - ,
, , -
.
, - . , -
,
, -
- ANSYS -
(high-performance Windows HPC
computing, HPC). - Server 2008 DCC (Distributed Computing Cluster,
- ),
- Intel, HP Microsoft.
. Parker Aerospace, Parker
- Hannifin,
- -
- : , -
, HPC- , -
. SETI@Home, , -
, , , -
. . SETI@Home , -

. ,
ANSYS Mechanical, .
ANSYS CFX ANSYS Icepak - ,
, - Parker Aerospace -
, - . . :
. - , - 5
ANSYS - -
HPC, ,
- -
, - HPC-. -
. , - ,
Parker Aerospace - HPC-
-
.
. - Parker Aerospace , -
- -
, -
, - ,
. . -
ANSYS HPC Pack , , ,
. -
. ,
, -
, -
, - . -
- , -
. , - -
HPC- - , -
- , , .
,
Intel Xeon 5600

Windows.
, HP Z800 64-
- Windows 7. , . -
,
6 , Windows HPC Server 2008 DCC, -
, Windows 7
- , -
.
HPC-, . -
, Parker Aerospace, -
Parallels Workstation 4.0
- Extreme (PWE) Intel
, - /-
. (Intel VTd), , -
-
. - .
, . . , -
- , Parker Aerospace,
, Microsoft,
HPC- (Mike Long),
. Microsoft Technical
HP Z800, - Computing. -
, -
Intel Xeon 5600. -
, , - , -
Ethernet- . . ,
. Parker Aerospace - Windows -
, -
, Windows
, - UNIX Linux .
. HPC-,
, Parker Aerospace, -
, -
- ,
, 10 20 -
. , , ,
. .
(David Rich) -
. 8-10 - Microsoft : -
-
. , HPC--
,
, - . ,
HPC- - ,
. , -
-
UNIX Linux, - HPC .

Intel Xeon 5600

HPC- ANSYS
:
7

: (Magnus Andersson), Volvo Aero,
,
Volvo Aero - Volvo Aero -

(HPC, -
high-performance computing) - , . -
, -
- Life Tracking System
. (LTS, ) -
Volvo RM12,
- Saab JAS39 Gripen. -
, , -
-
. Life Engine. -
-
Volvo Aero (, ) 10 ,
, , . LTS -
, , , -
, . ,
, -
. - , Life Engine
-
ANSYS Mechanical, ANSYS.
- LTS -
, , -
Volvo Aero - -
, .

. , -
- Volvo Aero -
, ANSYS -
, - ,
, -
.
.

, -
. -
,
, -
,
Volvo RM12
-

. , -
,
, LTS.
, ,
, -
8 , -
, ,
LTS .
LTS, -
-
( -

) , -
. , -
-
100 Life Engine
ANSYS -
. ANSYS (APDL, ANSYS Parametric Designee
( ) - Language) ANSYS
, LTS -
25 000 - Volvo Aero. Life Engine -
, - ,
. -
, ANSYS.
- Volvo
; Aero :
, - . -
,
. . -
, Volvo Aero 50 000
LTS 500 000 , -
, -
. , -
, ,
200 , - . -
- -
Linux. LTS - ( 1 000) -
( -
- ,
, - ).

ANSYS. -
128 . -
.
.
Volvo Aero ,
, Volvo Aero - ANSYS -
ANSYS - -

, -
. -
LTS. ANSYS - ,
-
- . LTS Volvo
, Aero,
- ANSYS,
. -
, .

, , :
9
HPC
: (Ray Browell), (Barbara Hutchings), ANSYS, Inc
- . -
, -
,
,
-
-
- . -
(High-Performance Computing, HPC)

. , -
- -
, -
. , .
, HPC
, .
-
. HPC - - -
, - , -
. -
ANSYS - . -
- -
, ANSYS -
,
- . -
- ,
-
(GPU, graphical processor unit) -
-
-
.
ANSYS -
-
.

HPC

ANSYS.
ANSYS -
ANSYS Fluent -

: . -
; -

ANSYS PCG
100
, -
140

120 -
100
ANSYS
-
80
Mechanical 13.0 , -
10 60
-
40
20 MPI (message passing interface),
0 -
0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128
. -

-
ANSYS , , -
, , -
.
-
Fluent 14.0, -
Sedan Benchmark (4 )

25000 ANSYS Fluent 14 Pre 3 -

20000
15000
100 . 4000
10000 ANSYS Fluent 12.0
5000
. -
ANSYS Fluent 13.0
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 , , -
-
ANSYS Fluent 10 000
. . , -
,
4 , ,
512 . , ANSYS Fluent
, -

111M Cell Truck Benchmark . -
,

2500
2000 , -
1500
ANSYS Fluent 13.0
.
1000 ANSYS HFSS 14.0 -
500 ANSYS Fluent 14.0 -
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 , -
-
, , .
256 -

1 16 .
-
Sparse -
. , -
PCG - .
- -
- , 14.0 ANSYS
. - Intel
- .
-
. -
ANSYS Sparse.
, ANSYS 14.0 -
. AVX,
ANSYS Fluent 13.0 - , , -
, -
(hybrid parallelism). Sparse Intel AMD.

ANSYS 14.0 GPU
( ANSYS 13.0)
(GPU, Graphical
2,50
Processor Unit)

2,00
HPC, - 1,50
, - 1,00
, - 0,50 11
0,00
.
k)
)
0k
0k
)
00
0k
0k
k)
40
10
,
.0
00
43
50
2.
2.
1
.1
e,
e,
e,
e,
e,
,1
rs
rs
rs
rs
rs
GPU -
pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
(IC
(s
(s
(s
(s
(s
1
5
, -
g-
g-
g-
g-
g-
g-
3c
3c
3c
3c
3c
3c
V1
V1
V1
V1
V1
V1
,
4 CPU
,
4 CPU + 1 GPU

GPU - GPU
GPU
. ANSYS 13.0 - ANSYS 14.0
GPU
.

- GPU
GPU
ANSYS 14.0.
100.00
90.00

80.00
70.00
, 60.00

50.00

40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
1 GPUs Only
2
3 GPUs+GPU
4 5
CPU
GPU
ANSYS Fluent 14.0

ANSYS HFSS

256

ANSYS -
, -
ANSYS 14.0 - HPC--
GPU - . , , -
, GPU, HPC ,
-
. -
, - -
- -
GPU , . HPC, -
GPU. - -
- ,

ANSYS - .
GPU. ANSYS
GPU ( - HPC- -
14.0) -
. .

:

12

: ., --
(/FEM) (RBC
- Radiating Boundary Condition).
- -
. , :
, - (ABC
, - Absorbing Boundary Conditions);
() - (PML
. . Perfectly Matched Layer).
-
. -
, (MoM) FEM , -
(FDFD FDTD). -
: ( ).
1) -
; , -
2) , -
.
; ,
3)
; ABC PML
4) , -
.
. ,
(IE),
- 3D (MoM), -
- -
, - / ,
.
- .
, -
, , - -
() , - . , -
FEM - ,
. - , IE- -
,
,
- -

.
FEM IE
1990 .
Yuan1.
13
(FE-BI), -
(BI) MoM -

, -
- . 1. :
. , - FE IE
-
, ,
- -
. - ,
, , , --
- , .

- .
, . -

FE-BI,
HFSS ANSYS FE-BI , -
IE--
.
FE-BI HFSS.
-
: , (FE
, BI
FEM- - ), -
. :
-
FE FE FE
- = (2)
BI BI BI
( ) [A]FE [A]BI -
.
; - X

FE-BI Y.
FE-BI - [] -
- .
1 2 , . 1. [C] -
- .
: -
J1,2
= I,
i= 1,2
i 1 I 2 = 0 (1) M1,2. , -
,
[] (. . sparse-).
1 (2)
2 1 2, :
-
(n)
. 1 FEM, FE 0 FE
2 BI . =
0 BI BI
(3)
(n s1)
FE 0 FE
=
1
X. Yuan, Three-dimensional Electromagnetic Scattering from s
Inhomogeneous Objects by the Hybrid Moment and Finite Element
Method, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, BI 0 BI
Vol. 38, No. 8, August 1990, pp. 1053-1058.

:
O
O s
'& '& '& s #*

(4)
(n) (n s1)
BI BI = BI s FE
14 . 2.
(4) -
-
:
( )
FE BI .
,
,
. 2.

. -
, BI - . ,
,

, 3D FEM- FE-BI
-, -
; -, , -
, -
FEM IE . . , -

-

- PML , -
(), PML -
. (. . -
, - ). -
, - , -
( ) .
. - ,
, PML,
, - , , , -
-
. -
- /10. -
/4. -
, PML , ,
- .
/8 . -
. 2-
, - 2 . 3-3.
. - 1 -
, - ,
, ANSYS HFSS 13 14.

. 3-. ,


1. : ABC, PML, FE-BI
,

ABC /4
PML /8
FE-BI* 15
. 4-. , :
() ; () ,
PML; () FE-B
, -
D. -
,
: ,
. .
, -
. S21
10 .
Gain S11 , -
D ( , -
) -
. 5. Gain S11 D

:
,
D. 13Y s4
(
(5)
15Y P%L

, -
/ , (
).
. FE-BI,
.

16
. 9.
D.
. 6. , D,
,
(
(. 5).
)
G=31.4652

HFSS
,

, -
Point1.
,
, -
. , -
FEM
-
. -

HFSS-.

(. 10):
1 30
. 7. FEM -
( Rx/Tx ) PML, -
.. FEM. .
, -
MoM / ,
-
, -
-
. ,

/
. -
( -
) -
FE-BI, -

. 8. -
, -
(0,0,0)
.
D Tx Rx
: -
-
, - ( HFSS
ComplexMagE HFSS-IE),
Point1 - .
D. -
(0,0,0). - HFSS-DataLink HFSS-FEM, -
, HFSS - .
, - .

17
FEM + DDM:
~2.5 , 220, 72
. 11.
IE-Region

.
-
HFSS 14.0 IE-Region. -
2
CPU Core i7, RAM: 16. -
FEBI + DDM: -
~1 , 20, 25 3D :
. 10-. ; -
-
. , -
- ,
IE-Region /4.
(. ). - ,
HFSS- -
FEM. c PEC IE-
Region. , -
(),
(. 11-12):
300 25 (f=25 ). FE-BI.

-
. : UHF-
HFSS FEM- - (900 MHz) (. 13-15)
-
, IE-- -

. 12-. HFSS-: ()
, ; ()
, , IE-Region

2. :
FE-BI FE-BI + IE-Region.
/
RAM/

FE-BI 326716 2531024 50 /1 12.9 / 1
Core Intel
18 FE-BI i7; 16
3863 102675 19 / 2.6 4 /3.25
+ IE-Region
3. : ABC, PML, FE-BI

, RAM/

3
FEM 1250 DDM MP
47 5 30 / 1 300 / 1
+ DDM* (33750 3) 72
IE 173 2 DDM MP
68 5 28 / 1 83 / 3.6
+ DDM* (1157 2) 12
FE-BI 69 3 DDM MP
2.9 1 3 / 5.5 21 / 14.3
+ DDM* (1863 3) 12
. 13. UHF-,
. . 14.
HFSS-IE
(HFSS-FEM )
. -
HFSS-
FEM HFSS-IE ,
FE-BI.
: DDM (Domain Decomposition
Method) -
(High-Performance Computing), -
-
.

FE-BI . 15.
HFSS, - (FE-BI
FEM . )
-
HFSS (
14- ). - .
-- ,
/ ,
, - -
-
FE-. , -
IE -
. , .

19

: . (M. H. Vogel), ANSYS, In.
- . -
ANSYS - .
- ,
, .
. -
, -
- -
- -
- .
, -
, ,
, , - , -
. - , -

. - , -
- - , -
, - ,
-
. -
, - . , -
1/8 , - -
, -
, - ,
. - -

- . -
-
- - -
-
. () -
-
.
- -
. - -
,
-
.
(), , , -
, - ANSYS, , -
ANSYS HFSS

.
- .
ANSYS Mechanical -
, ()
, - HFSS, -
20 , ()
- . -
- HFSS
. - - [1],
. -
( ) - -
- -
, -
. .
-
2200 ,
HFSS -
- 263000 .
. 1. - -
Windows,
, - 20.7 .
, - -
. - -
. 119 .
,
(, C , , -
Ku), (- , -
/ ) -
4/6 11/14 . , - (HPC) -
()
- (DDM).
. , - ()
,

-
. . (Second Order)
, , -
- () -
: , -
- , - -
, -- . (First Order
, Zero Order) -
. -
- / , ,
, , -
, , .
-
-
, -
.
-
: ,
, ( ),
(
), -
-
, ,
. 1. HFSS .

. MPCG
( ) -
, ,
(Mixed Order), - .
HFSS R12. - , -
- () - 21
.
- () -
hp-type , -
Adaptive FEA, - -
, . , , , -
(h-type Adaptive
FEA), 2.5 3 . -
(p-type Adaptive FEA). -
[2] [4], , -
, .. -
, - -
.
. , , , -
, -
8.4 . -
, 60 , 17. -
3 dB
- 4.5, 31 dB. -
, - 2 0dB
. - (. . 2).
. , - -
-
- ,
, , - , -
- (), (), -
-
() 0.3 dB (0.5), -
. , (), -
.
.
-
, HFSS -
[3],
-
-
.
-
-

. -

- . -
-
( -
) -

. -
,

(MPCG). . 2. 3D
- : 31dB, 20dB (
, - )

, Q
:
Q= (1)
E
22 J .
:
(2)
. -
,
, tan(), ( -
-
. 3. ),
:
(3)
-
. - (,
2), 0r -
.
- , (1).
() - , -
, - -, -
, - ( -
), -
. , 20 dB - -
. ur
- , J& s. -
- Qs -
. :
ur ur *
- . . 3 - Qs = 0.5Re( E& tan J& s ) (4)
- ur ur
, E& tan E&
. - ur
500 , J& s -
25 . , :
.
ur ur
, ,
J& s = E& tan / Z& s (5)
1,8 /2, (5) Z& s , -
1 2 , - ur uur
. E& tan H& tan :
u
E& tan = Z& s ( n H& tan ) (6)
ANSYS Mechanical , ,

-, Z& s
ANSYS HFSS ANSYS Mechanical - :
.
0 r
- Z& s = (1 + j ) (7)
, - 2
, j , 0r
- .
. HFSS -
- ur
: , E& ,
, -
- . ANSYS Workbench

HFSS -
ANSYS Mechanical. -
, -
HFSS ANSYS Mechanical
.
23
, .
, -
-

. , ,
, - . 4.
, -
, - ), -
. . ,
, ,
: -
-( ( )) = Q (8) . -

Q , :
HFSS, - P = (10)
T . , -
, - F -
(8) : , -
0 1, B --
-k T = Q (9)
, 5.669E-8 W/m2K4, Tref
, , -
- , 3 K . -
.
, . 4.
(-
) , - , -
(- ,
) - . -
. , -
- , -
, , .

. -
137000 - ANSYS Mechanical
795 M
36 -
, 2 , - -
21 . . -
-
Q HFSS -
, -
. -
. , / -
-
, - -
.
, .
:
. -
( - , -
), ,
( - .

, - ). . 6
, -
- .
-
. , -
24 , -
, , - , -
. - ,
.

1 2 500 .
36 , -
.
, -
.

HFSS.
. 5.

- , -
, - - , -
, . - -
HFSS.
, -
. -
431 MB RAM, 53 -
, - . . 7
,
28 . . 5 - : .
,
. HFSS
ANSYS Mechanical, , -
- -
. - ,
- .
1-3 , -
,
300 .
. 7.

. 6. Z
-
, HFSS,
- .
. ,
, -
- . - -
( - , -
, ,

--
. , , -
, - -
. - - .
, , -
- 25
. , , -
. ,
. , , ,
, - . , -
, - -
- : -
. -
, -
. -
ANSYS HFSS - -
- , -
, .
.
- ANSYS
, HFSS ANSYS Mechanical -
- , -
. : ,
- --
- (). . ,
. , -
, . -
ANSYS Mechanical HFSS, -
, -
,
- , -
- ANSYS
. Simplorer .. -
, -
ANSYS DesignModeler -
. - ANSYS DesignXplorer -
ANSYS ANSYS Workbench
Mechanical - -
.
. -
, , :
, - [1] Shenton, D.N. and Cendes, Z.J. Three-Dimensional
ANSYS Mechanical, - Finite-Element Mesh Generation Using Delaunay
- Tesselation. IEEE Trans. Magn., 1985, Vol. MAG-21,
. - no. 6, pp. 25352538.
- [2] Silvester, P.P. and Pelosi, G. Finite Element for Wave
, Electromagnetics, IEEE Press, 1994; ISBN 0-7803-
. - 1040-3, Section Hierarchal Elements, p. 13.
, - [3] Sun, D.-K., Lee, J.-F., Cendes, Z.J. Construction of
Nearly Orthogonal Nedelec Bases for Rapid
Convergence with Multilevel Preconditioned
- Solvers.Siam J. Sci. Comput., 2001. Vol. 23, No. 4,
. pp. 10531076.
[4] Steve McFee and Dennis Giannacopoulos,
, Introduction to Adaptive Finite Element Analysis for
- Electromagnetic Simulations, Computational Analysis
- - and Design Laboratory Electrical & Computer
. - Engineering, McGill University, Canada

26

: .., .., .., .., ..,
=151..164, -
- - -
100 (t/b > 4 1.1 ), -
- .
. , -
( 330
, / ),
, 30..35%. .
20 -
, -
- -
.
() ( 1015%), -
-
; - -
30%. . 1 -

- . -
[1], .1.
- ANSYS CFX
.. ,
() -
.. . .

126
() 1= 3..5, 1= 5, 1= 10.5
() 1= 8..14, , =0.612,
. 1. ()


27
. 2.
. 4. 605
. 3.
() zo= 3 , -
26 ( 605).

. 2 3.

, . 5.
, -
. -
, 4 -
, .
- -
, , -
(. 4). CFX, -
. . 610.
SST-, Y+
15. -
. 5. , . 6 7,
- , , .
- -
. - , , . 8,
, - .
. 8, 1 -

[3], - , 2 .
Frozen Rotor. 1 -

. 6. : ) 1; ) 2; 1 2
; 3 (); 4 () ; 5 (0.5 zo);
;

-
. ,
-

28 ,
-
,
.
. 7. (. 810), -
(z=2
): ; , -
-
, -
. 2 -
- -
. 3 -
. 9 10. (. 8 9).
. 8, , -
2
. , 3. -
. 9. 1 2
[2] , - . , 3 (. 9),
() - 2,

. 8. : ) ; ) ;
; 1 ; 2 ; 1+2 ; 3
2
. 9. (0.5 zo)
( 50, .8)

29

. 10. , 20 () 35 ()
, ( 36,7); ; ;
13 . 8; 4 ;
-
3 (. 11), , -
1. (. 14).
4 (. 10), - ,
605 -
1. - -
2 (. 9), :
1/3
, - ; -
.
4 (. 10), 1 ;
, -
. 1=5
.12. ;
-
. - ,

(. 10). - , -
;
, , .
, -
.
, -
- (r)
. - .
, , :
- 1.
(. 13). =1 ( 905)
- 2. :
a. r=0.5 905;
. 11. , 3 . 12. :
.8

30
. 13.
. 14.

.15. : ( 903 905); ( 9031)
b. r=0.3 903. ) 905 -

3. , r=0.3:
a. l=2.7 16.3 -
9031; , .17. -
b. l=1.5 9032. 7.9% (. 16).

.15. 905 903 (r)
-
r 4.2% (. 16), -
67.63 -
, (. 17).
-
. -
.19.
- . 20.
. 1617. , -
(. 20),
605 905 ()
. 18 . , ,
.
, - , -
.
- ,
-
. , -
(, , , - , , .

31
. 16. . 17.

. 18. (Streamlines): 605; 905
-
-
-
; ;
.
9031:
99,34 , -
. -
,

,
,
v2, v1 903 (. 10)
3, ,
. 19.

.
903 9031 ( ) . -
-
11,3% (. 16), -
13.36 - ,
(. 17). . , -
. 21 , -
9031 , 903, ,
.

-
.
9031 9032 (
)
-
. 20.
.

32

. 21. (300 ): 903;
9031

. 22. ( ): 9031; 9032
, - 7.

, - .
(. 22). ,

9032 0.1%, -
3.6 , . -
0.83%. - -
. ,
- , ,
, -
.
.

:
1. - 1. .. :
. , ,
2. = . .
0.612 1 - , 491. .
7.9%. , , 2004.
3. 2. .. .
4.2%. . . 1972.
4. - 3. .. , .. , .. .

.
5. - // , .
11.3%. XL -
6. : .
. ., 621.165, . . 2011.

ANSYS CFX
33

: .. , .. , .. , , -
. 1
-
- . , -
- -
- . -
. - .
90- 2000- -
- -
, , - -
, - -
30 40% .
. -
-
. - , -
5-15% , -
. , -
. -
, -
- ,
- .
. - -
, - -
, -
, .
. - , -
, -
, , -
, - -
. , - ..
-
-
, -
.
(
(- , -
) [1]. ), -

34
. 1.
. -
, [2, 3].
- [4]
, - -

. -
- .
- RANS-
: k- MSST. -
-. -
, - , SINF [5]
- ANSYS CFX, -
, -
-
- (RANS), [6] MSST
-
. -

RANS-
, -
-
. -
, -
, -
,
- -
. 2.

(103) . 3.

. . 2 - -
-
- 10%
. - . -
[8]
, - - 35
-
, , , -
. -
.

1.

(. 3) - , C () 35.9
- , Cax () 29.5
- , S () 46.0
GE-E3 , C/S 0.78
[7]. - , C/P 1.23
- , T0,in (K) 302
1. : , p0,in () 105
- () 35
- , Uin (/) 10
(. 1). - Rein=UinCax/ 2.1105
- (%) 5
-
, qw (/2) 840
[8].
. 2
. - -
-
(Z) - -
. , - -. -
MSST [9].
-
. - . 1. ,
. 4. ()
()

36
. 5. (X/Cax = 0.39) (X/Cax = 1.05)

() ()
.
Cax, - - -
, - -
, -
,
= 42 . -
2/S = 0.18 .
, -
[2]. -
- , -
. - , , [2-4].
- -
. ANSYS CFX.
.

- 5-6 .
H-O-H . ,
. 1,
. H- - ,
64 . 53 . ;
O- 981 . .
, ,
, - , -
- , -
. 6.

.
.4 Q- , ..
.
. 5 Cpt
. Q-- . 37
X , -
(U`) -

(S), - , Y , -
: , Z , -
( ) = 21 xu ux ,
1 , -
Q=
2
&
S
2
i j
. 1. -
2 j i
.
xi ui - , X/Cax = 0.39, -
. - -
Q- . , , X/Cax = 1.05, -
, .
,
. 4.
p0,in p0 X/Cax = 0.39
Cpt = , -
0.5 Uin2
.
p0,in p0 - ,
, -
.
, - ,
- -
. - . ,
, -
. , , ..
, ,
, ,
. . , X/Cax = 1.05

,
. -
,
-
-
, -
(Y/S 0.2).
-
, -

-
.
-
X/Cax = 0.39 , -
, -

.
, -

. , X/Cax = 1.05,
-
. 7.
-
() (Nu)
. ,

.. , -

. - SINF ANSYS CFX -

-
. - ANSYS CFX

. . -
38 . 6 - ,
- , , 20%,
. - ,
: 15% -
qw Cax , -
Nu =
(Tw T0,in ) -
.

qw, -
T0,in (. . 1) 1. Ito, E. Development of key technologies for the next
Tw. , generation gas turbine / Ito E., Okada I., Tsukagoshi
K., Muyama A. // ASME Turbo Expo 2007, GT2007-
28211. 2007, 8 P.
. - 2. Levchenya A.M. Numerical Simulation of the Endwall
- Heat Transfer in the Langston Cascade /
- A.M. Levchenya, E.M. Smirnov, D.K. Zaytsev // Int.
. Symp. on Heat Transfer in Gas Turbine Systems 9-14
- August, 2009, Antalya, Turkey. CD-ROM Proceedings,
paper 9-EW, 8 P.
3. ..
, -
. -
- / .. ,
- - .. // .
48, 1. 2010, . 6273.
4. A.M. Levchenya RANS-based numerical simulation
. , and visualization of the horseshoe vortex system in
- the leading edge endwall region of a symmetric body /
- A.M. Levchenya, E.M. Smirnov, V.D. Goryachev //
. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 31,
Iss. 6. 2010, 1107-1112.
- 5. ..
. 7. -
- /
, .., .. // -
(X/Cax = 0.1) (X/Cax = 1.1). , 3. 2004, . 70-81.
, - 6. Praisner, T.J. The Dynamics of the Horseshoe Vortex
and Associate Endwall Heat Transfer Part II: Time-
, , - Mean Results / Praisner, T.J., Smith, C.R. // ASME J.
X/Cax = 1.05 23% Turbomach., 2006, Vol. 128, pp. 755-762.
. - 7. Timko, L.P. Energy Efficient Engine. High Pressure
- Turbine Component. Test Performance Report / Timko,
. L.P. NASA LRC Report 168289. 1990. 188 P.
8. Gustafson, R. Aerodynamic Measurements in a Linear
(X/Cax < 0.3) (X/Cax > 0.6) - Turbine Blade Passage with Three-Dimensional
. Endwall Contouring / Gustafson, R., Mahmood, G.,
- Acharya, S. // ASME, Turbo Expo 2007, GT2007-
28073. 2007. 11 P.
15-18%. 9. Menter, F.R. Ten Years of Industrial Experience with
the SST Turbulence Model / Menter, F.R., Langtry, R.,
Kuntz, M. // Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer 4
(CD-ROM Proceedings). Redding, CT: Begell House
Inc./ 2003. pp. 625 632.

39

: .., ..., . .
.., ..., .
.., -

2011 .
-2011, - - :
;
( ) - - ;
-

() -45. ;
- ;
, - ;
. ,
- .
-2011.
-45 . -
V-- -
. -
- GPS/ ()
- . .
, -

-
, -
. -
--
,

-
,
,
. 1. , .
- -
-
, , ,

. 2:
, 15, 0,
15 /;
, 15,
30, 30 /.
40 -
,
, -
.

. 3.
, -
,
10 17
. -
-
. 2.
, ; ,

.
-

.
.

ANSYS. . 4.

3D , - -

. 3D - ANSYS:
ANSYS. -
-
.
, . ;
- -
. - ;
15 15 -
0 45 . -
3 30 /. .

41

NACA-66
1 -

ANSYS CFX - .
- ,
NACA-66 (MOD). -
- .
RANS-- -
, Pointwise [2] -
- .
, -
, . , -
- .
-

- .
. ,
- - -
.
-
1. ANSYS CFX
. ,
(David : ,
Hally, Defence R&D Canada, 2009 .). ( - -
) ,
. -
,
DRDC Atlantic ANSYS -
CFX ANSYS CFX.
. -
.
, - -
, -
- .
. -
- :
NACA-66 (MOD) [1], 1. -
(0.02).
1
2.
-
. (Nle = 5).

42
. 1. , ANSYS CFX. ,
.
3. , .
(Nte = 5). -
4. (105). ,
5. -
() (1.1).
6. .
(0.1). -
7. (40). -
8. 0 y+ 11.06 [4].
(2). -
9. (transition ratio = 1). , -
1 -
, -
. .
ANSYS CFX -
. 1. 11.06 y+ 300.

2. -
- , -
NACA-66 4. - y+ 11. -

Cp 6. -
Re ( .
) 107. s.
SST [3]. , s = 2 -
y+ 22, s = 32
2.1. y+ 350, .
y+
y+ 10.
, - -
. (. . 2) ,
, -
, y+,
. , - y+.
- . 3. -
? Cf y+. -
- 5 , -
- s = 1
. -
. -

. .

43
. 2. C . 4.
y+
s
. 5.
. 3. y+

-
s
Nle = 3.
. 4 5 . 7 -
y+
. -
,
. - -
. -

- -
y+, 11 .
.
2.2.

,

Nle. -
: 3, 5, 10, 15 /
20. -
(1.6310-3), -
: 5.43104,
3.26104, 1.63104, 1.09104 8.15105, - . 6.
. . 6 N = 3

2.4.

-
44 -
. -
-
I: -
I = 1% t/ = 1; -
I = 5% t/ = 10; -
I = 10% t/ = 100.
. 7.
. 9.

[1] Brockett, T. (1966), Minimum Pressure Envelopes for
Modified NACA-66 Sections with NACA a = 0.8
Camber and BuShips Type I and Type II Sections,
(Report 1780) David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research
and Development Center.
[2] Reliable CFD Meshing You Trust (online), Pointwise,
Inc., Fort Worth, Texas, http://www.pointwise.com
(Access Date: November 2008).
[3] Menter, F. R. (1993), Zonal Two Equation k-
Turbulence Models for Aerodynamic Flows, Technical
Report AIAA Paper 93-2906.
. 8. [4] http://www.ansys.com/products/cfx.asp (Access Date:
November 2008).
ANSYS
Advantage , -
ANSYS
CFX , DTMB P4679
DTMB P4718,
7.5. -
NACA-
66 (MOD). -
DRDC Atlantic. -
DRDC Atlantic

. -
. 9. -
,
-
2.3. -
.
- -
- -.
-
R: 10, 20, 30 40. -
, -
s Nle (1 . DRDC Atlantic -
10, ). RANS- ANSYS CFX
-
, . -
- - DTMB P4679
R = 20 . DTMB P4718.

45

ANSYS Fluent
: .., --, .. , -
-
- [1].
, - , -
,
. - 3040% (.2),

, 1520%,
- ,
NOx SO2. -
- . , -
, - .
- -
, , . - -
. -
, , .

. -
-820 820 /,
, - --
- (. ). 2001 . --
. -
-
- .

. 2. 600
:
.) -
. 1. .) -

-820,
-
600 -
, -
-.
46 -
, -
ANSYS
FLUENT,
. -
-
,
,
.
. 3. 3D- 600 -
600 (BV0)
-
, . ,
- (
(. 3). ).
16 -.
( -
), 2 - : , , -
. - , -
- . -
- -
NOx. (. 4.).
(8 ).
- , -
- , -
.
NO, 10-15 % BV0. ,
. -
+ 2 2
Qhp=3917 /, =39,6%; WP=6,3%; V=31,4%. -
, P1-.
: 338 /; -
19,6 /;
2,9 /; : ,
R90=12%. , ,
N2O NO -
.
(, -
, , , -
)
[2]. , - . -
-
2, -
N2, 2,
2 . -
-
.
- , -
. -
RNG k- .
, -
- . 4.

5, -
, - -
. - -
(. 5) , ,
- .
: , - 47
, , -
(3045) . - .

-
-
, , -
. -

. -
, -
-
. . -
,
: 1) -
; 2) -
-
-
(.1).
100%
. 6-7. ,
-
: 1360-1580 (. 7).
-
. 5
. 6.
1

, NO2, /3 q4, % (

( ) ( ) )
- .
30450 100% 1100 530600 1.21.7
- .
450 - . 60% 950 520 1,1

48
. 7. , . 8.
,

-
-
, -
[3]. -

(98,5-99%). -
(. 7) , -

-
600 /3.
. 8 -
. . 9.
, ( + )
, /2
, .
, - -
- , -
- -
. .

(. 9). - 1. ..
- ,
. 9 - 820 /:
- . . . . . ,
. 1999. 58 .
, 2. ..
-
- FLUENT//
- ,
- , 2006 .
, - 3. .., .. .
,
- ,
( ), //
-
, NOx - : .. ,
. 1991. . 28-29.

49

: Ana Belen Amado, Zitron, Gijon, ,
Carlos Garcia, Roberto Garcia, ANSYS, Inc.
, -
, , - .
45 -
- ,
. - , Guadarrama (), San Gottardo
- (), Rennsteig ().
, . 100
, -
- Zitron.
. - -
- , -
.
, .
, - , , -
. ,
- . -
, -
,
.
Zitron, - . -
-
, -
- .
Zitron -
ANSYS Fluent, -
,
-
. , -
-

. -
CFD- 10 -
-
. Zitron

. -
,
, .
CFD- -
-
Calle-30 (). , , 10 , Zitron -
: 2800 , -
630 -

50
. Mlaga,

. - ,
- -
, Zitron . -
,
. .
- Zitron -
Zitron .
. - , -
- ,
. -
, -
, . , 0.25 -
60 . -
.
. 5 -
- ,
, 600 . ,
- .
. Sweep MultiZone, ANSYS Meshing,
-
, -
. - ,
-
, .
. CAD- -
Zitron ANSYS Workbench, -
- . -
. -
ANSYS Workbench -
-
, - . -
, -
. (Fluent) -
- -
, -
. , - . -

51
-
- . -
- -
- . ,
.
Zitron -
- .
, -
. - , Fluent -
6.2,
, - 2 5
. .
- -
: 1) -
Inlet - , -
; 2) -
; 3) - -
; 4) (Fan), - . -
ANSYS Fluent.
- ,
, - .

, (DO),
- . -
-
. . -
Zitron - -
, Fluent
, -
. , -
, , , , -
, , .
1 - Zitron -
. -
. , -
- ANSYS CFD. ,
. Zitron -
- . -
RANS. , Zitron, -
k- Realizable - CFD , -
- -
. .

52

: Roberto Silva de Oliveira, Tarcisio de Freitas Cardoso, Eletronuclear S.A., --
, Brazil Vitor Lopes Pereira, Luiz Gustavo Del Bianchi da Silva Lima, ESSS, --
, Bence Gerber; Chris Quan; Missy Ji, ANSYS, Inc.
- ANGRA 2 ANGRA 3. -
, - ANGRA 1 ANGRA 2
.
. , ANGRA 3
, - 1350 . -
,
, -
- . -
. - , .
- -
- , , , -
, .
. ANSYS
Eletronuclear S.A, Autodyn
, - -
. -
. ,
Eletronuclear S.A. ,
1997 - , -
ANGRA 1, . -
ANSYS Autodyn, Eletronuclear
S.A.
, .
ANSYS Autodyn -
-
. -
; -
, , -
. -
, -
, -
. -
, ANSYS Autodyn,
-
, -
, , -
. -
,
,
ANGRA - .

- -
. -
. - -
,
, . 53
. - , -
-
, - 3,5 , -
. -- -
.
12 Dell
. Latitude E6410.

ANSYS Autodyn ANGRA 3
.
- ,
( ), ANGRA 3 -
( - .
). - Eletronuclear S.A. , -
, (Euler FCT), -
- . ,
. - ,
-
. - -
, - . ANSYS Autodyn -
- Eletronuclear S.A.
. - , -
. .
ANGRA 3
2015 .

[1] Ripley, R.C.; von Rosen, B.; Ritzel, D.V.; Whitehouse,
D.R. Small-Scale Modeling of Explosive Blasts in
Urban Scenarios, Proceedings of 21st International
Symposium on Ballistics, Australia, 2004.
[2] Luccioni , B.M.; Ambrosini, R.D.; Danesi. R.F.
Analysis of Building Collapse under Blast Loads.
Engineering Structures, 2003, August 16.
[3] Quan, X.; Birnbaum, N.K.; Cowler, M.S.; Gerber, B.I.;
Clegg, R.A.; Hayhurst, C.J. Numerical Simulation of
Structural Deformation under Shock and Impact
, - Loads Using a Coupled Multi-Solver Approach,
- Proceedings of 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Shock
and Impact Loads on Structures, Hunan, China,
( 3 ), November 1214, 2003.

ANSYS CFD

54

: , --
-
, -
-
2025 23,2 .
.

-
-
-

,
.

- . 1. ,
.

10-15 . , -
, 20% 2020
, 48% 2040 .
. -
, -
-
- .
():
;
; -
; 40 T, -
; 4.6 T. : 9 .
. 160
, 2000 -
- 18 T.

: - -
40%, 21% . -
6,7%, 12,2% - : 98% -
19,2%, 23%
16,1%, 2,1% ,
15,7%, - , -
0,68% 2,2%. - .
-
5 . ,

55
. 2. Itaipu Dam. . 3.
(: ., 2009)
-
. 100% - , -
, ,
18 12,6 . -
-
, .
- -
- .
( , -
, -
150170 . ). , 1 2 ( ), -
. , -
-
. ,
- . , -
(WWEA), 2020 , -
() -
900 . 16/27 = 0,59 ( )
- ,
. - , -
- . -
, Gold Wind (- .
), Sinovel (), Vestas (), Gamesa
(), Suzlon (), Enercon (). 0,45. -
2006 , - , ,
27,9% -
,
15,7%, 15,7%, 8,5%,
4,24%, 3,06%.

. ,

, -
1 / ..
10
(, , , -
.) 1600 -
0,1 30 .

17 , 0,008%
. . 4.
. Sky WindPower

10 10 /
85
[1]. -
3
12 .
56 -
-
- (Flying
Electric Generators FEG). -
, 4,5 ,
35 240
2 -
. 5.
-.
(NASA, 2007)
2010 -
-
, - 0,1 %
- . -
. - (IEA), -
40 -
5,61024 . - 9000 2025 %
35 % - , -
, - 6 .
, - .
-
,
.
15%, . , -
, -
- . -
0,15% -
. (T10 ) (a2), -
-
- 50 70 / [2]. -
-
, , -
, - .
. - 2700 .
, -
- -
() 25 %, 40 , .
-
100 , - ().
> 1 . , - -
- (Aguadora) .
. 2006 -
-
() - 2,25 (Pelamis), -
36,9 % (- 750 .
, ); -
24 %. 3,5 , -
1417%. - .
- 142 . -
-
45%, . 2015 -
30 %. 525 .
30 25%, 2011 -
. Ocean Power Technologies

, -
.
-
-
, -
. , 57
-
, -
,

[4].

-
. -
. 6. .
,

.
Pelamis
( 200 )
platurus
- ,
-
PowerBuoy PB150 42- .
, - , , -
, - -
11- . -
150 . - [2].
, , - ,
. ,
- , -
. - .
, , -
, . 2003 -
PowerBuoy - Marine
, Currrent Turbines (MCT
, - ). -
, , -
. - .
, Seaflow.
- 300 . 2008 -
(: www.popmech.ru). -
, -
SeaGen 1,2 -
, - ) . SeaGen
,
,
, -
.

-
, -
.
SeaGen -

15
20 (
).
,

. , , -
. 7. Ocean Power Technologies 180 .

.
, -

.
, -
58 , , ,
. . [3].
,

, -
, -
. -
-
-
, ,
,
(. 10, ).
-
, -
.
. 8. SeaGen , -
, , ,
.

, . -
.
,

, -
,
[3].
. 11
,
Atlantis Resources.
. 9. SeaGen

, -
. -
. -
: -
-
.
. 9 ( ) -
SeaGen.
-
-
-
- -
().
, -
-
, .
, - . 10.
- : ;

, -

. , -
,
, - 59
, .
,
ANSYS -
-

,
.
Vigor Wave Energy Converter

-
. 11. AK-1000,
(). -
Atlantis Resource (: www.atlantisr
,
esourcescorporation.com)
-
( -
21,3 . ).
1 . - . -
- -
()
250 .
, ,
2013 . Atlantis Resources
-
. 2009 -

378 -
.
ANSYS

-
- . 12. Vigor
. 13. Vigor

. -
.
.
,
-
60 . -
3 . -
-
Vigor Wave Energy AB,
Chalmers University of
Technology, -
Vigor ANSYS CFX. -
. 13 . - . 15.
200 ;
8 ; 1.5 .
,
3 .
SRTT
2002 -
Scotrenewables Marine Power Ltd.

Scotrenewables Tidal Turbine (SRTT) -
-
. 4 -
SRTT
(1/14, 1/16 1/7). 2006 , -
. 16. , ANSYS
Total, ICEM CFD
SRTT.
2010 Scotrenewables Marine Power -
Harland and SRTT 250 .
Wolff Heavy Industries Ltd. - SRTT
,
(. 14). SRTT -
, . -
32 . -
12 .
26 /.
, -
SRTT 2,5 ,
25 .
, , -
-

.

1. . . .
: . .: ,
2003.
2. ., .
. .: , 1990.
3. ..
( ). ., 2004.
. 14. SRTT, 4. . . . :
Scotrenewables Marine
Power Ltd . . . ., 2008, . LII, 6.

ANSYS

61

: .. , .. ,
.
-
,
,
- . -
- ,
-
,
.
, -
-
() - , .

, -
. . -
- .
, - -
. - -
-
. , - . 1 2 [1, 2].
,
, - -
. - -
-
, - [1, 2, 3].
1. - [2]
,
, R, /3
/ T1, K w1, 3/ /
2,09 2200 0,3 111,4 1,51,9
3,25 2770 0,9 352,8 1,541,64
:
2,68 2400 1,025 380,6 1,541,64
3,6 3000 0,9 334,2 1,541,64
2,45 2100 1,025 388,8 1,541,64
2,51 2100 1,066 395,8 1,541,64
2,51 2100 1,066 395,8 1,541,64

ANSYS
2. [2]
f,
/ , , 3/ u1, c 2/
275 0,5 1020
62 932 1 0,714
:
883 1,1 0,561
981 0,95 1,836
854 1,13 0,408
890 1,06 0,612
890 1,06 0,612
3.
,
2e1 2b 2c ^
e
, 2r 3 -1 0,33
1,5 30 200 1,058 -0,0547 0,00036
1,78 255 1,007 -0,007 0
,
dk 0,667 0,5 0
:
2 dk 25 dk 0,72 0,345 -0,0556
0,53 dk 25 dk 1,808 -0,470
2,5 5 2 -0,141 0,03125
2,5 2,5 2 -0,5 0

de
u .
dt
, ;

u = u(p). ,
. , 50 , -
.
1,7 /3, - u = u1 p, (2)
1,6 /3.
- u1 .
-
e
z , e - . 2.
e1
; 2e1
d 1 d
. . (3)
= (z) dt dt

z 1 z z2 , (1) -
= ( ),
, d = S de, (3)

= 1 + + , , - :
1 1
d S de
, (4)
- dt ,0 d t
S -
2 e1 2e
; , 1 ; 0
2b 2c
.
; 2b, 2c
S
. ,
S1
, ,
- S1 S -
. 3. .

ANSYS
p* ,
, , - , -
: .
5. (6) (11), -
= (1 ), (5) 63
:
,
u1 p *
2/3, , G ,
1/2, e1
p
0.
H pg
p*
, Sh() = Sl(z), Sh() = (1
ANSYS AUTODYN [3],
11.0, Powder )c, Sl(z) = (1 + 2z + 3z2), c
Burn Model. , Sh()
: (5);
Sh() -
d -
dt

G 1 H p g ,
c
(6)
,
G, ; H(pg) - Sl(z) ,
; ;
;
H(pg) , -
. (6) Powder
: Burn Model -
- ;
JWL, -
.
,
g
p g eg exp , (7) (2) -
D -
g, eg -
; D ; , , -
- Powder
, Burn Model.
- -
, - (
. ) , -
- [1].
Powder Burn Model . 3.
: c
1. S (4): (6) -
d :
S ,0 . (8)
de (1) (10),
d d
2. : :
de d
d d dz

d e d z d e e1

1 2 z 3 z 2 . (9) d

2 6 z
; (12)
d
1 2 z 3 z 2
3. (8)
(9), S:
:
S ,0
1 2 z 3 z 2 . (10)
e1 d
1 ;
1
(13)
4. (2) (10) - d
(4): (12)
d u1 p * p (13) = 0, :
dt

e1
p

1 2 z 3 z 2 * , (11)
2
. (14)


ANSYS
(14), -
c = ,
,
, c = 0,141 c = 0,5 .
64 -
(7)

:
f$ . 1.
p , (15) :
1 $
1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5
f ; ;
.
, f -
(15) -
-
1 = 1 -
2 = 2: .
p1 = f 1/(1 1),
p2 = f 2/(1 2).
eg D -
-
:
p1 1 eg exp 1 D ;
(16)
p2 2 eg exp 2 D .
(16)
D1 1 2 ln ; p2 1 p1 2 =,
eg p1 [1 exp ; 1 D =]. (17)
. 2.

- t = 2,9

,
(15).
Powder Burn
Model ( -
Powder Burn Model ( - ), -
) - . -
-
- -
. . -
- -
. 1.
- .
ANSYS AUTODYN. . 2
,
- 1. .. /
2,9 - .. , .. , .. .
. - .; .: , 1939. 592 .
- 2. .. /
, .. .: -
. .. , 1975. 243 .
3. AUTODYN. Theoty Manual. Century Dynamics Inc.,
. 2005. 235 c.

--

:

,
,

--
TechNetAlliance,

Ansys Advantage Russkaya Redaktsiya 2012 17

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Описание:

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Описание:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Ansys Advantage Russkaya Redaktsiya 2012 17

Загружено:

Описание:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

172012

2012 ANSYS, Inc. ANSYS

ANSYS, ANSYS Workbench, CFX, AUTODYN, ICEM CFD

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

Volvo Aero - Volvo Aero -

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

25000 ANSYS Fluent 14 Pre 3 -

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

'& '&  '& s #*

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

3. : ABC, PML, FE-BI

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

: . (M. H. Vogel), ANSYS, In.

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

b. r=0.3 903. ) 905 -

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

. 5. (X/Cax = 0.39) (X/Cax = 1.05)

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

. - SINF ANSYS CFX -

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

www.ansyssolutions.ru ANSYS Advantage. | 17'2012

'& '& '& s #*