CAUSES ARE THE CAUSES AND REMEDY

Some common fire hazards are:[1]

Kitchen fires from unattended cooking, such as frying, broiling, and simmering

Electrical systems that are overloaded, resulting in hot wiring or connections, or

failed components

Combustible storage areas with insufficient protection

Combustibles near equipment that generates heat, flame, or sparks

Candles and other open flames

Smoking (Cigarettes, cigars, pipes, lighters, etc.)

Equipment that generates heat and utilizes combustible materials

Flammable liquids and aerosols

Flammable solvents (and rags soaked with solvent) placed in enclosed trash cans

Fireplace chimneys not properly or regularly cleaned

Cooking appliances - stoves, ovens

Remedy of fire hazard

Most U.S. fire departments have fire safety education programs.

Fire prevention programs may include distribution of smoke detectors, visiting

schools to review key topics with the students and implementing nationally
recognized programs such as NFPAS "Risk Watch" and "Learn not to burn".[2]

Other programs or props can be purchased by fire departments or community

organizations. These are usually entertaining and designed to capture children's
attention and relay important messages. Props include those that are mostly
auditory, such as puppets and robots. The prop is visually stimulating but the safety
message is only transmitted orally. Other props are more elaborate, access more
senses and increase the learning factor. They mix audio messages and visual cues
with hands-on interaction. Examples of these include mobile trailer safety houses
and tabletop hazard house simulators. Some fire prevention software is also being
developed to identify hazards in a home.
Pollution Hazard

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that

cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or
energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be
either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is
often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.

Remedy

Pollution control is a term used in environmental management. It means the control

of emissions and effluents into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the waste
products from overconsumption, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing,
transportation and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse,
will degrade the environment. In the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and
waste minimization are more desirable than pollution control. In the field of land
development, low impact development is a similar technique for the prevention of
urban runoff.

Practices
Recycling
Reusing
Waste minimisation
Mitigating
Preventing
Compost

Smoke Hazard

Exposure to smoke from fires can worsen asthma and other respiratory conditions, cause
coughing and shortness of breath and irritate the eyes, nose and throat.

People with respiratory or heart disease, the elderly and young children should take particular
care and are encouraged to monitor their health and review their disease management plans.

Exposure to smoke from fires can worsen asthma and other respiratory conditions, cause
coughing and shortness of breath and irritate the eyes, nose and throat.

People with respiratory or heart disease, the elderly and young children should take particular
care and are encouraged to monitor their health and review their disease management plans.

Remedy
Education and counselling by physicians of children and adolescents has been found to be effective in
decreasing the risk of tobacco use.[75] Systematic reviews show that psychosocial inteventions can help women
stop smoking in late pregnancy, reducing low birthweight and preterm births.

Electrical Hazard
Harm can be caused to any person when they are exposed to live parts that are
either touched directly or indirectly by means of some conducting object or
material. Voltages over 50 volts AC or 120 volts DC are considered hazardous.

Electricity can kill. Each year about 1000 accidents at work involving electric shocks
or burns are reported to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Around 30 of these
are fatal, most of them arising from contact with overhead or underground power
cables.

Remedy
Basic electrical safety
Below are some minimum steps you should take to ensure electrical safety.

Mains supplies

install new electrical systems to BS 7671 Requirements for Electrical Installations

maintain all electrical installations in good working order
provide enough socket-outlets for equipment in use
avoid overloading socket-outlets using adaptors can cause fires
provide an accessible and clearly identified switch ('Emergency Off' or 'EMO' button)
near fixed machinery to cut off power in an emergency
for portable equipment, connect to nearby socket-outlets so that it can be easily
disconnected in an emergency.
Use the right equipment

choose electrical equipment that is suitable for its working environment

ensure that equipment is safe when supplied and maintain it in a safe condition
electrical equipment used in flammable/explosive atmospheres should be designed
not to produce sparks. Seek specialist advice when choosing this type of equipment.
protect light bulbs and other easily damaged equipment there is a risk of electric
shock if they are broken.

Shocks from faulty equipment can cause severe and permanent injury and can also
lead to indirect injuries, due to falls from ladders, scaffolds, or other work platforms.

Faulty electrical appliances can also lead to fires. As well as causing injuries and loss
of life, fires cause damage to plant, equipment and property.

Mechanical
Mechanical hazards refer to moving machinery that can cause injury or death,
according to Texas State University. OSHA explains that mechanical hazards occur in
three basic areas: at the point where work is performed, in the power transmission
apparatus and in other moving parts.
Do not operate a machine if you are wearing loose clothing - button up shirt sleeves
or overalls. If you have long hair you must wear the protective cap which is provided
and which should be left in the workshop. Members of staff who have long hair and
expect to use the mechanical workshop can acquire a personal cap from the Safety
Representative.
2. Always ensure that machine guards are fitted and in position when operating
machinery. It is illegal to remove guards from a machine without a very good
reason. Belt guards and motor guards must always be replaced if they have been
removed for servicing.
3. Always use clamps to hold a workpiece in the drilling machine table. Do not
attempt to hold the workpiece by hand. Brass is particularly liable to seize on the
drillbit unless the correct type of bit is used and the bit kept sharp. Get advice from
trained technical staff if you are at anytime unsure. Do not take risks. Return all
drillbits to their proper holder.
4. Do not use handtools of the wrong size and ensure that the handtool (whether
spanner or screwdriver etc.) fits the work correctly.
5. Never use handfiles unless they have a proper handle fitted. The pointed tang of
a file can slip and pierce the palm of the hand.

Chemical Hazard
A chemical hazard is a type of occupational hazard caused by exposure to chemicals in the
workplace. Exposure to chemicals in the workplace can cause acute or long-term detrimental
health effects.

Remedy

Chemical manufacturers and importers are required to evaluate the hazards of the chemicals they
produce or import, and prepare labels and safety data sheets to convey the hazard information to their
downstream customers;

All employers with hazardous chemicals in their workplaces must have labels and safety data sheets
for their exposed workers, and train them to handle the chemicals appropriately. The training for employees
must also include information on the hazards of the chemicals in their work area and the measures to be
used to protect themselves.

Radiation

Radiation can be harmful to humans. Radiation can harm people directly by damaging their cells. The cells
might stop functioning, or they might be unable to reproduce. Radiation can also cause cells to reproduce
in an out-of-control fashion, causing cancer. It also causes radiation sickness, an ailment with various
symptoms depending on the type of radiation a person was exposed to and on the size of the dose
received. Radiation sickness can be fatal when high doses of radiation are involved.

Radiation can also interfere with human reproduction. It can cause sterility, making reproduction
impossible. It can also cause mutations in developing embryos, which are usually detrimental or even fatal.

Astronauts must be especially careful about radiation, since radiation exposure is a constant danger in
space.

We are constantly exposed to small doses of radiation from various natural sources as well as from human-
caused sources such as medical and dental X-rays. Small doses of radiation are generally not especially
harmful; our bodies have developed defenses that repair most damage from small doses of radiation.

Remedy

Taking care of yourself during radiation therapy

Radiation therapy can damage healthy body tissues in or near the area being treated, which can cause
side effects. Many people worry about this part of their cancer treatment. Before treatment, talk with your
cancer care team about what you might expect.

You need to take special care of yourself to protect your health during radiation treatment. Your cancer care
team will give you advice based on your treatment plan and the side effects you might have.

Here are some general tips:

Be sure to get plenty of rest. You may feel more tired than normal. Try to get good, restful sleep at night.
Severe tiredness, called fatigue, may last for several weeks after your treatment ends. See Common side
effects of radiation therapy for more information.

Eat a balanced, healthy diet. Depending on the part of your body getting radiation, your cancer care team
may suggest changes in your diet. You can learn more about eating well in our booklet Nutrition for the
Person With Cancer During Treatment.

Tell your cancer care team about all medicines and supplements you are taking. Give your team a full list of
everything you take and how often you take it, even things like aspirin, vitamins, or herbs. Dont forget those
you take only when you need them, such as sleep aids, antacids, headache remedies, and antihistamines.

Take care of the skin in the treatment area. If you get external radiation therapy, the skin in the treatment
area may become more sensitive or look and feel sunburned. Ask your cancer care team before using any
soaps, lotions, deodorants, medicines, perfumes, cosmetics, powder, or anything else on the treated area.
Some of these products may irritate sensitive skin. See Common side effects of radiation therapy for more
on this.