Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Number of
Organism Chromosome
Pairs
Tomato 12 Pairs
Mouse 20 Pairs
Human 23 Pairs
Dog 39 Pairs
What are chromosomes made of?
in bacteria, the
molecule that carries
genetic information is
MacLeod
deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)
McCarty
DNA is the genetic material
"S" or SMOOTH coat strain: lethal to mice "R" or rough strain; non-lethal
1953
James Watson and Francis Crick determine that the structure of
the DNA molecule is a double helix
They elucidate DNA structure using X-ray crystallography images
The DNA bases are of four types (A, C, G, & T): pairing always occurs between A
& T, and C & G.
The DNA double helix acts as a template
for its own duplication
Double strand arises from H-bonding
between G C and A - T
DNA Replication
Completion of bacterial
replication
Eukaryotic replication
Chromatin
packing
Gene Expression
3. Oxygen transport
Hemoglobin, myoglobin
Francis Crick
The flow of genetic information
DNA transcription produces a single-stranded RNA
molecule that is complementary to one strand of DNA
Transcription
Translation
The genetic code
Translation in prokaryotes
Structure of two human genes showing the arrangement of exons and introns
smallest protein-coding gene in the human genome is only
500 nucleotides long and has no introns.
encodes a histone protein
DNA
Read more:
http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,859
9,1951968-3,00.html#ixzz0eQydjL4Y