Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 2

BIOL 1262 LIVING ORGANISMS 1

TUTORIAL 3
BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA
Readings
Lecture ppts see MyeLearning, Your lecture notes taken in class. Make a list of topics
and sub-topics covered.
Text: Life the Science of Biology 10th ed. Vol 2 Evolution, Diversity and Ecology
Chapter 26
Exclude The nucleotide sequence of prokaryotes reveal their evolutionary
relationships pg 528 and pg 529 and 530.
Include Section 26.2 Why are prokaryotes so diverse and abundant? pg 530 your
text uses accepted classification systems derived using DNA sequence data eight
bacterial groups (phyla are described) and two Archaea phyla are described.
Classification system
http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Hidden-Taonga/Science-Ideas-and-
Concepts/Classification-system

Use examples and modified diagrams where possible.


Objectives Tutorial questions
1. Identify the similarities between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

2. Explain what these similarities tell us about the relationship between living
organisms.

3. Identify the three domains of life recognised by biologists.

4. Describe the ways in which prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells.

5. Explain why classification of eukaryotic organisms can be traced to the 18 th


century whereas prokaryotic classification is relatively recent.

6. Compare the prokaryotic domains based on the following characteristics:


membrane enclosed nucleus, membrane enclosed organelles, peptidoglycan
in cell wall, membrane lipids, ribosomes.

7. Compare the three domains of life based on: membrane enclosed nucleus,
membrane enclosed organelles, peptidoglycan in cell wall, membrane lipids,
ribosomes.

8. Explain the phylogenetic relationship between the three domains.

9. Explain the convention for writing the names of three domains and the
convention used referring to members of the domain.

10.Define the terms archaeon and bacterium.

11.What characteristic of prokaryotes has hindered the progress of prokaryotic


classification?

1
12.List the characteristics were used before DNA sequencing technology to
classify prokaryotes, highlight the most common character used.

13. Describe the location, structure and function of peptidoglycan in Bacteria.

14.Explain how knowledge of peptidoglycan in bacterial cells helps in the


treatment of human diseases.

15.Describe the Gram stain technique and explain why the outcome is
dependent on the peptidoglycan layer.

16. Summarise the character states of the phenotypes shape and cell
arrangement exhibited by bacteria.

17.List the cell shapes observed in the Archaea.

18.Bacteria classification - Describe the characteristics of the low-GC Gram-


positives, high GC Gram positives, hyperthermophilic, hadobacteria,
Cyanobacteria, Spirochetes, Clamydias, proteobacteria. Include the cell wall
structure -Gram status, morphology, metabolism interaction with other
organisms, habitat, distinguishing features and diversity within the group. List
examples of each group.

19.Archaea classification Describe the characteristics of Crenarchaeota, and


Euryarchaeota. Include the cell wall morphology?, metabolism interaction
with other organisms, habitat- environmental conditions, distinguishing
features, diversity within the group. Give examples for each group.

20.Define/Explain the following categories of anaeorobic and aerobic metabolism


in prokaryotes; obligate anaerobes, obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes,
aerotolerant.

21.Group (place in nutritional categories) prokaryotes based on energy and


carbon sources used in the cell.

22.Outline the roles of Bacteria and Archaea in element cycling,

23.Define the term biofilm and describe how they are formed. Explain how
biofilm formation benefits the prokaryotic organisms.

24.Explain how biofilms are beneficial and harmful to human health.

Вам также может понравиться