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Entre las cenizas

Entre las cenizas


Licencia Reconocimiento -NoComercial-SinObraDerivada3.0 Historias de vida en tiempos de muerte
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PUSPVOBUFOTJOFOMBRVFTFEBODJUB BMNFOPT PUSPTEPT UBODJBTFYUSFNBT4POFMMPTMPTRVF SFMFZFOEPZSFFTDSJCJFOEP
6OBFYQFDUBUJWB"MHPRVFMBUF-BSFMBDJOEFJOUFSDBNCJPF MPTUFYUPTEFNVDIPTPUSPT MPTMFOHVBKFTEFNVDIPTPUSPT 
JNQMJDBDJOTPCSFMBDVBMTFCBTBOUPEBTMBTPUSBTSFMBDJPOFT IBOMPHBEPFYUSBFSFMGTJMWJWPEFMFNQFPZMBDPOBO[B MBT
EFMNVOEP-BQBMBCSB BI FOFTFWBJWOFOUSFFOVODJBOUF USBEJDJPOFTZFMJOHFOJP FMTFOUJEPEFDPNVOJEBEZMBGFRVF 
ZPZFOUFBERVJFSF BMNFOPT EPTDBCF[BT UBOUPTPKPT UPEBT FOUSFPUSPTUBOUPTFMFNFOUPT IBOTBMWBHVBSEBEPMBFYJTUFODJB
MBTNBOPT6TBEBZFOVTP DPOUBNJOBEBEFUPEP  MB QBMB EFMQBT"MHVOPTEFFMMPT TJOEVEBMPTNFKPSFT FTUOBRV 
CSB RVF TF DPNQBSUF TBMJWB  NJSBEB  FDP UPDB MBT PSJ FOEntre las cenizas. Historias de vida en tiempos de muerte.
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WPGVFSBEFDJSDVMBDJOQPSNTEFBPTBOUFTEFWPMWFSBTFSFEJUBEPFO FOUSFWJTUBTPSBMFTPFOSFHJTUSPTEFMQFSJEJDP3FDIB[BOEPEFFOUSBEBFM
 3VLFZTFSBSNBCBi6OQPFNBJOWJUB6OQPFNBSFRVJFSF1FSP QBQFMEFMQPFUBHVSRVFHVBWJTJPOBSJBNFOUFBMPTEFTQPTFEPT 3VLFZ
{BRVJOWJUBVOQPFNB 6OQPFNBUFJOWJUBBTFOUJS.TRVFFTPUF TFSJOWFTUJHZFOUSFWJTUBMPTEJSFDUBNFOUFJOWPMVDSBEPTFOMBTMVDIBT
JOWJUBBSFTQPOEFS"ONFKPSVOQPFNBJOWJUBVOBSFTQVFTUBUPUBM&TUB Z USBHFEJBT DPUJEJBOBT EFM DBQJUBMJTNP RVF MFT UPD WJWJS  JODPSQPSBOEP
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6OCVFOQPFNBBUSBQBSUVJNBHJOBDJOJOUFMFDUVBMFTUPRVJFSFEFDJS UFSWFOJEPT

18 19
*71 MVDJO.FYJDBOBEF MBSB[EFMPTNBMFTZMBSB[OEFMB
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RVFUPEPMPBSSBTB USBUBOEPEFJEFOUJDBSDBVTBTDPOQSFTUF[B EFMBUJFSSB ZTVSJRVF[B FOQPDBTNBOPT
ZFOGPDBSTFDPOTJNJMBSVSHFODJBFOMBTTPMVDJPOFTEFMDBTP FT /PFTFYUSBPEFOJOHONPEP QVFT RVFVOBCVFOBQBSUF
BWFDFTGDJMQBTBSQPSBMUPMBBNBMHBNBEFBDDJPOFTDPUJEJB EFMBTDSOJDBTRVFBOJNBOFTUFWPMVNFOIBHBODBTPPNJ
OBT RVF NBOUJFOFO B VOB DPNVOJEBE FO QJF &O .YJDP  TPEFMBMJOFBMJEBEEFMUJFNQPZDJUFO FOMBQBMBCSBZFOMB
FTQFDJBMNFOUF BIPSB  FT GDJM PMWJEBS MBT NVZ MBSHBT Z NVZ BDDJOEFMQSFTFOUF QSDUJDBTEFPSHBOJ[BDJOZEFDSFFODJB
WJWBTUSBEJDJPOFTEFSFTJTUFODJBRVFNBSDBOBFTUFQBTEFTEF RVFIBOBQBSFDJEPVOBZPUSBWF[ USBOTGPSNBEBTTJFNQSF BD
TV NJTNP OBDJNJFOUP &O FGFDUP  EF BDVFSEP DPO BMHVOPT UVBMJ[BEBTEFBMHVOBGPSNB FOMBIJTUPSJBEF.YJDP1PSRVF 
IJTUPSJBEPSFT MBDPORVJTUBEF.YJDPDPJODJEJDPOVOBPMB FOUSFPUSBTUBOUBTDPTBT MPRVFFTUFEntre las cenizas. Historias
EFTVCMFWBDJPOFTQPQVMBSFTDPOUSBFMQPEFSPB[UFDB DBEBWF[ de vida en tiempos de muerteDPOGPSNBFTVOBIJTUPSJBWJWBEFM
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QBSBEBSTFDVFOUBEFMPRVFSFTJEFFOMBNEVMB HVBSEP DPTBRVFJMVNJOBZDSFQJUB MBTDSOJDBTEFFTUFMJCSP
NJTNBEFFTUFQBTJHVBMEBEFOUSFMBTSB[BT EJTUSJCVDJOEF BOJNBOBMBDFSDBOBZBMBDPNQMJDJEBE&TJNQPSUBOUFFTUBS
MBUJFSSB EFWPDJOBMBWJSHFOEF(VBEBMVQF$PNPNTUBS BMUBOUPEFMPTQFSJPEJTUBTEFTBQBSFDJEPT EFMBSBQBDJEBEEF
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20 21
DPSB[POFTEFMPTQBESFTZNBESFTEFGBNJMJBRVFIBOQFSEJ TFWVFMWFOIBDJBMPTTVZPTQBSBNPWFSMBFOFSHBBEPMFTDFOUF
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DVBSUFM BDPNVOJEBEFTFOUFSBTTJOMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFSFDVSSJS MMBNBCBOFMBMNBZOPTPUSPTTBCFNPTRVFRVJFSFEFDJSFMBMNB
BOJOHOUJQPEFDVJEBEPNEJDP EFMBTWFOHBO[BTRVFIBO Z FM DVFSQP FO FTUPT EBT -PT KWFOFT Z MPT OP UBO KWFOFT
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EFQBMBCSBT BUSBWTEFMBTRVFOPTDPOPDFNPTZOPTQSPUF NFTPO4PNPUSPT RVFEJSB3JNCBVE(SBDJBTQPSDPNQJ
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CPTRVFTDPNVOBMFT-BSFDJFEVNCSFEFFTBTiMPDBTRVFDP TJFNQSF0NT
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22 23
A las y los ausentes, porque su memoria nos traza el camino.
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Comunicacin en la UNAM. Comenz su labor periodstica VO CPTRVF RVF TF DPOWFSUB FO EFTJFSUP QPS DVMQB EF MPT
en el rea cultural de Notimex. Ha sido reportera y colabo- IPNCSFT RVF B EJBSJP QBTBCBO GSFOUF B TVT DBTBT DPO DB
radora de varios diarios y revistas de Mxico, donde ha escrito NJPOFTMMFOPTEFSCPMFTNBTBDSBEPT3PTBSJPZTVTDPNQB
sobre temas ambientales, ciencia, artes, derechos humanos y mo- FSBTFTQFSBSPOFMQSJNFSDBNJO&MIPNCSFRVFDPOEVDB
vimientos sociales. Es coautora del libro .JHSBDJPOFTWFNPT OJTJRVJFSBQJTFMGSFOPBMNJSBSMBT&MMBTMPEFUVWJFSPOB
JOGBODJBTOPTBCFNPT(Ririki). En 2008 obtuvo dos menciones QFESBEBT DPOMBTQJFESBTRVFFODPOUSBSPOBMMBEPEFMDBNJ
honorficas en el Premio de Reportaje sobre Biodiversidad. Con OP6ONVDIBDIPUPDMBTDBNQBOBTEFMBJHMFTJBDFOUFOBSJB
un texto sobre el hondureo Julin Snchez Bentez, particip DPOPDJEB DPNP &M $BMWBSJP -P RVF TF FTDVDI OP FSB FM
en el proyecto colectivo NJHSBOUFT(Almada, Fronterapress), TPOJEPGOFCSFRVFBOVODJBMBNVFSUFEFVOWFDJOP UBN
impulsado por la periodista Alma Guillermoprieto y dedicado a QPDP FM SFQJRVFUFP MFOUP RVF MMBNB B NJTB &TB NBBOB 
los migrantes asesinados en Tamaulipas en 2010. En 2011 ob- MPTIBCJUBOUFTEFMBDPNVOJEBEJOEHFOBEF$IFSOPZFSPO
tuvo el segundo lugar del Premio Alemn de Periodismo Walter FMUPRVFEFTFTQFSBEPRVFBMFSUBDVBOEPFYJTUFVOQFMJHSP
Reuter, con un reportaje sobre Chern. &SBFMNJTNPRVFVOBTFNBOBBOUFTFTDVDIBSPODVBOEPTF

29
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MPTUBMBNPOUFT BFYQVMTBSBMBQPMJDB BMQSFTJEFOUFNV MPTDPODSJTUBMFTQPMBSJ[BEPTyw

30 31
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EFTBUMBWJPMFODJBFO$IFSO QFSPMBTDPTBTOPNBSDIBCBO -BTNVKFSFTEFDBNPTi{DNPMFWBNPTBIBDFS /PQP
CJFOEFTEFBPTBUST"OUFTEF#BVUJTUBZBFYJTUBOEJGFSFO EFNPTTFHVJSBTwSFDVFSEB3PTBSJP
DJBTQPSMBUBMBDMBOEFTUJOBZQPSRVFBRVFMMPTRVFEJSJHBOMPT "FMMBTTFMFTPDVSSJFTDSJCJSVONFOTBKF$POBZVEBEFTVT
CJFOFT DPNVOBMFT TF BMJBSPO B QBSUJEPT QPMUJDPT  OP SFO IJKPT IJDJFSPOVOPTWPMBOUFT&MEFBCSJM MBTFTRVJOBT
EBODVFOUBTTPCSFFMBTFSSBEFSPZMBSFTJOFSBDPNVOBM1BSB EF$IFSOBNBOFDJFSPODPOQBQFMJUPTSFHBEPT

32 33
i"MQVFCMPEF$IFSOTFIBDFVOBJOWJUBDJOQBSBRVFSF FM SFQJRVFUFP EFTFTQFSBEP EF MBT DBNQBOBT DPSSJ IBDJB &M
FYJPOFTEFMBTDPTBTRVFFTUOTVDFEJFOEP ZRVFMBTBVUPSJEBEFT $BMWBSJPQFOTRVFTFRVFNBCBVOBDBTB
OPIBDFOOBEB OPTFQSFPDVQBOQPSEFGFOEFSMPTCPTRVFT QPS .JSBMBTTFPSBTZBQVSPTDIBWBMPTFOGSFOUBOEPBMPT
MPRVFTFUFQJEFPSHBO[BUFFOUVDBMMF DPMPOJBPCBSSJP QBSB UBMBNPOUFT/PMPQFOTEPTWFDFT NFVO"HBSSBNPTBVOP 
EFGFOEFSFMPKPEFBHVBEFMBADPGSBEBZBRVFFTVOPEFMPT EFTQVTBPUSPTEPT&OUPUBMBHBSSBNPTBDJODPZRVFNBNPT
NBOBOUJBMFTRVFBCBTUFDFVOBQBSUFEF$IFSO&TUFFTDSJUP TVT DBNJPOFUBTy :P MFT IBCB BHBSSBEP DPSBKF  QPSRVF BI
OPQFSUFOFDFBOJOHOQBSUJEPQPMUJDP TFIBDFQPSRVFEB EPOEFWJWPMPTWFBQBTBSEJBSJPDPOMPTDBSSPTMMFOPTEFNB
USJTUF[BEFDNPFTUORVFEBOEPMPTDFSSPT TBCFNPTRVFMPT EFSB4JUFMFTQPOBT UFBNFOB[BCBO
SCPMFTTPOMPTRVFSFUJFOFOFMBHVBEFMBTMMVWJBT:B#BTUBw +PTSFDVFSEBRVFBOUFTEFRVFEJFSBOMBTEJF[EFMBNBBOB 
.FTFTBOUFT BMHVOPTIPNCSFTJOUFOUBSPOEFUFOFSBMPTUBMB EFTEFVOBB[PUFB MPTKWFOFTNJSBSPODNPFOUSBCBOBMQVFCMP
NPOUFTIJDJFSPO[BOKBTQBSBDFSSBSFMQBTPBMCPTRVFZDPOWP WBSJBTDBNJPOFUBTDPOIPNCSFTFODBQVDIBEPTZBSNBEPT FTDPM
DBSPOBPSHBOJ[BSTFQBSBFOGSFOUBSMPT1PDPTSFTQPOEJFSPO&M UBEPTQPSMPTQPMJDBTNVOJDJQBMFT
EFTOJNPDSFDJDVBOEPIPNCSFTBSNBEPTFOUSBSPOBMQVFCMP 7FOBOBSFTDBUBSBMPTUBMBNPOUFT5SBBOTVTDVFSOPUFT
ZTFMMFWBSPOB3BGBFM(BSDBZ"SNBOEP+FSOJNP JOUFHSBOUFT EF DIJWP $PO QJFESBT Z DPIFUFT MPT BUBKBNPT BOUFT EF RVF
EFMDPNJTBSJBEPEFCJFOFTDPNVOBMFT BWBO[BSBO/PMPHSBSPOTVCJSQPSRVFBWFOUBNPTVODPIFUFZ
-BT NVKFSFT EFDJEJFSPO RVF FMMBT MP JOUFOUBSBO i1FOTBNPT MFEJPBVOPEFFMMPT/PTPUSPTQFOTBNPTRVFNVSJ"OUFT
RVF QPS TFS NVKFSFT  OP OPT IBSBO OBEBw  EJDF 3PTBSJP 1PS EFJSTFWPMWJFSPOBEJTQBSBSZMFEJFSPOBVOPEFMPTOVFTUSPT
MBTEVEBT DPNQSBSPODPIFUPOFT"DPSEBSPORVFFMEPNJOHP SFDVFSEB+PT
TVCJSBOBMNPOUF-PTQMBOFTTFBEFMBOUBSPODVBOEPWJFSPO &SOFTUP EFBPT QFSEJMBWJTUBEFMPKPEFSFDIPZMB
RVF ZB OP FYJTUBO MPT SCPMFT DFOUFOBSJPT RVF SPEFBCBO FM NPWJMJEBEEFTVCSB[P
NBOBOUJBMEF-B$PGSBEB
-PTNBOBOUJBMFTTPOTBHSBEPT QPSRVFSFQSFTFOUBOWJEB ***
/PTPUSPTMPTDVJECBNPT MPTQSPUFHBNPT:FTPTIPNCSFT &OMBQMB[BEF&M$BMWBSJP MPTIBCJUBOUFTTFSFVOJFSPOBMSF
RVFCBKBCBOOPDIFZEBDPOTVTDBSSPTCJFODBSHBEPTEFUSPO EFEPSEFMPTDJODPUBMBNPOUFT
DPT RVFOPSFTQFUBCBOOBEB EFTUSVZFSPOFTBQBSUFTBHSBEB `.UFOMPT NUFOMPT
%JKJNPTFTPTZBOPSFDVFSEB3PTBSJP /P&O$IFSOOPTPNPTBTFTJOPTHSJUVOBNVKFS
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*** -PTEFUFOJEPTIBCMBSPO4VTQBMBCSBTDPOSNBSPOBMHVOBT
"+PTMFHVTUBOMPTQBOUBMPOFTQFHBEPTZMBTDBNJTFUBTOF TPTQFDIBT %JKFSPO RVF QPS DBEB DBSSP EF NBEFSB QBHBCBO
HSBT 5JFOF  BPT $VBOEP FTF WJFSOFT EF BCSJM FTDVDI iVOB DVPUBw EF NJM QFTPT 2VF FM MEFS FSB $VJUMIVBD )FS

34 35
OOEF[  &M (FSP  IPNCSF PSJHJOBSJP EF 3BODIP .PSFMPT NUPEPEFEFGFOTBRVFIBDFEDBEBTVUJMJ[BSPOTVTBCVFMPT
&MNJTNPRVFDPNFO[TVIJTUPSJBOFHSBSPCBOEPHBOBEP  BUSJODIFSBSTF $POTUSVZFSPO CBSSJDBEBT FO MBT FOUSBEBT EFM
RVFTFHBOMBTJNQBUBEFWBSJPTQPSRVFBTBMUBCBDBNJPOFT QVFCMP-PTIPNCSFTNPOUBSPOHVBSEJB-BTNVKFSFTQSFQBSB
ZSFQBSUBFMCPUOFOUSFMPTIBCJUBOUFTEFMPTFNQPCSFDJEPT SPODPNJEB DBGZU-PTKWFOFTKVOUBSPOQJFESBT MMFOBSPO
SBODIPTEFMBNFTFUBQVSQFDIB&OVOPTDVBOUPTBPT MB CPUFMMBTDPOHBTPMJOBZWJHJMBSPOEFTEFMBTB[PUFBTNTBMUBT
GBNBEF$VJUMIVBD)FSOOEF[DSFDJBMBEIFSJSTFB-B'B 1PS MB OPDIF  TF QSFOEJ MB QSJNFSB GPHBUB FO &M $BMWB
NJMJB"MEJWJEJSTFFTUFHSVQPZGPSNBSTFMBPSHBOJ[BDJO-PT SJP"MBTJHVJFOUFOPDIF FOFTRVJOBTDFSDBOBT TFQSFOEJFSPO
$BCBMMFSPT5FNQMBSJPT MTFVOJBFMMPTZUPNNTGVFS[B EPTNTZMVFHPPUSBTZPUSBT&OMPTDVBUSPCBSSJPT FOUPEPT
-PTUBMBNPOUFTEFUFOJEPTBTFHVSBSPORVFDPO&M(FSP MPTDSVDFTEFEPTDBMMFT TFQSFOEJFMGVFHP$JFOUPOPWFOUBZ
USBCBKBCBOIPNCSFTEF4BO-PSFO[P 4BOUB$SV[5BOBDP $B DVBUSPGPHBUBTJMVNJOBSPOMBTOPDIFTEF$IFSOEVSBOUFOVFWF
QDVBSP 3BODIP$BTJNJSP 3BODIP$FSFDJUPZ3BODIP.P NFTFT&ODVBOUPTFNFUBFMTPM MBHFOUFQSFOEBMBNBEFSB 
SFMPT5BNCJOBMHVOPTIBCJUBOUFTEF$IFSO&YQMJDBSPOMB QSFQBSBCBDPNJEBZTFTFOUBCBBMSFEFEPSEFMPTMFPTBSEJFOUFT
SVUBEFMUSDPJMFHBMEFNBEFSBFOMBSFHJOMPTSCPMFTMMF QBSBDPNQBSUJSUPSUJMMBT QBO QMUJDBZBOIFMPT
HBOBMPTBTFSSBEFSPTEF5BOBDPZ4BO-PSFO[P"ITFDPO 1BSBMPTQVSQFDIBTSFVOJSTFBMSFEFEPSEFMGVFHPFTQBSUF
WJFSUFOFOUBCMPOFTZTBMFOQBSBTFSWFOEJEPTFO(VBEBMBKBSB EFMBWJEBNJTNB&OTVTDBTBT MBGPHBUBPDVQBFMDFOUSPEFMB
P4BO-VJT1PUPT DPDJOB&TBMSFEFEPSEFFMMBRVFMBGBNJMJBDPNQBSUFBMFHSBT
-BDPOGFTJOEFMPTUBMBNPOUFTMMFWBMBHFOUFBEFTDPOPDFS Z USJTUF[BT &T GSFOUF BM EJPT GVFHP  FM 5BUB +VSJBUB  RVF TF
BMBMDBMEF BDPSSFSBMPTQPMJDBTZMMBNBSBM&KSDJUP-PTTPMEB EJTDVUFOMPTQSPCMFNBTZTFCVTDBOTPMVDJPOFT
EPTMFTSFTQPOEJFSPORVFOPUFOBOVOBPSEFOQBSBJSZDVBOEP &O$IFSO MPTMFPTTFTBDBSPOEFMBDPDJOBQBSBQSFOEFSTF
MBUVWJFSPOTFJOTUBMBSPOBMBTBGVFSBTEFMQVFCMP/PEVSBSPO FOMBTDBMMFT&OUSFDFOJ[BTZIVNPTFSFFODPOUSMBDPNVOJ
OJVOBTFNBOB4FGVFSPOEFTQVTEFRVFMPTDIFSBOFOTFTFO EBE-BTGPHBUBTTFDPOWJSUJFSPOFOTNCPMPEFSFTJTUFODJB EF
USFHBSPO B MPT DJODP IPNCSFT RVF UVWJFSPO SFUFOJEPT FO &M VOJOZFOMBCBTFEFPSHBOJ[BDJOEFMBDPNVOJEBE
$BMWBSJP-BHFOUFMPTFOUSFHBGVODJPOBSJPTFTUBUBMFTQPS -BTGPHBUBTTJSWJFSPOQBSBDVJEBSOPTZDPOPDFSOPT:B
RVFVOHSVQPBSNBEPTFDVFTUSBDJODPOBUJWPTEF$IFSORVF IBTUB QBSFDBNPT VOB TPMB GBNJMJB EF UBOUP RVF FTUCBNPT
WJBKBCBOB;BNPSB"NFOB[BSPODPONBUBSMPTTJFMQVFCMP BISFDVFSEB3PTBSJP
OPFOUSFHBCBBMPTUBMBNPOUFT "MDBMPSEFMBGPHBUB MBHFOUFEF$IFSOEFTFNQPMWGPS
NBT EF PSHBOJ[BDJO DPNVOJUBSJB RVF GVFSPO BSSJODPOBEBT
*** DVBOEP MPT QBSUJEPT QPMUJDPT BVNFOUBSPO TV QSFTFODJB 4F
i{2VIBDFNPT "RVFMMPTWBOBSFHSFTBSw EFDBOMBTNVKFSFT SFWJWJFMiSPOEODPNVOJUBSJPwRVFEFKEFFYJTUJSBOBMFT
MBUBSEFEFMWJFSOFT"MHVOPTQSPQVTJFSPOEFTFNQPMWBSFM EFMPTBPTPDIFOUB DVFOUB%BWJE VOBCPHBEPWFJOUFBFSP

36 37
1BSB GPSNBS FM SPOEO  DBEB CBSSJP FMJHJ B  IPNCSFT UPSUJMMBT FO MB GPHBUB EPOEF UPEBT MBT OPDIFT TF SFVOB DPO
OBDJEPTFO$IFSOZNBZPSFTEFBPT%FTEFBCSJMEF TVTWFDJOPTi%FTEF FM  EF BCSJM FTUBNPT SFTDBUBOEP MB
TFMFTNJSBUSFQBEPT DBSHBOEPTV3P",RVFQFSUF +BSPKQJLVBw   NF EJKP &O QVSQFDIB  +BSPKQJLVB TJHOJDB
OFDBOBMB1PMJDB.VOJDJQBMPRVFMBHFOUFEPOFOMB iBZVEBSTFVOPTBPUSPTw
QBSUFUSBTFSBEFMBTDBNJPOFUBTRVFUBNCJOFSBOEFMB1PMJ (SBDJBT B VOB CFDB QBSB FTUVEJBOUFT JOEHFOBT  "OUPOJB
DB.VOJDJQBM4POMPTFODBSHBEPTEFMBTFHVSJEBEEFMQVFCMP  FTUVEJ MB NBFTUSB FO &TQBB Z &TUBEPT 6OJEPT $POPDFS
EFSFDPSSFSMBTDBMMFTZIBDFSHVBSEJBTFOMBTCBSSJDBEBT PUSBTUJFSSBTOPMBBMFKEF$IFSO
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*** NVOJEBE VODPNQSPNJTPDPONJQVFCMP.JQVFCMPFTNJ
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EF-MFHVFOMBDBSBWBOBRVFPSHBOJ[FM.PWJNJFO -PNJTNPMFJODVMDBSPOB4BMWBEPS B%BWJE B(VBEBMV
UPEF1B[DPO+VTUJDJBZ%JHOJEBEQBSBMMFWBSWWFSFTBMQVF QF B1FESP B*HOBDJP B$MBSBy4POBCPHBEPT CJMPHPT BS
CMPRVF QBSBFOUPODFT MMFWBCBEPTNFTFTBUSJODIFSBEP/P RVJUFDUPT JOHFOJFSPT NBFTUSPT$PNP"OUPOJB TFTFOUBSPO
FOUSBCBO DBNJPOFT SFQBSUJEPSFT EF QSPEVDUPT -BT FTDVFMBT BMSFEFEPSEFMBTGPHBUBTQBSBGSBHVBSFMGVUVSPEFTVQVFCMP
FTUBCBODFSSBEBTZTMPVOPTDVBOUPTQPCMBEPSFTTFBUSFWBO DPOQBESFT BCVFMPT IFSNBOPTZWFDJOPT
BJSNTBMMEFMPTMNJUFTEFMQVFCMP5FOBOSB[POFTQBSB
OPTBMJS ***
"MBTQPDBTTFNBOBTEFIBCFSTFBUSJODIFSBEP FODPOUSBSPO &OBHPTUPEF DVBOEPFMQBTZBIBCBPMWJEBEPRVF$IF
WPMBOUFTFOMPTRVFTFPGSFDBONJMQFTPTBRVJFOFOUSFHBSB SO TFHVB BUSJODIFSBEP  TVT QPCMBEPSFT BOVODJBSPO RVF OP
BVODIFSBOFOTFB-B'BNJMJB%FTQVTSFDJCJFSPOVOBBNF QBSUJDJQBSBOFOMBFMFDDJOQBSBQSFTJEFOUFNVOJDJQBMZHP
OB[BQBSFDJEB QFSPSNBEBQPS-PT;FUBT CFSOBEPS
"RVFMEPNJOHPRVF$IFSOSFDJCJBMBDBSBWBOB MMPWB &OMBTGPHBUBT DPNFOUCBNPTRVFMPTQBSUJEPTOPIB
DPOEJTDSFDJO-BTNVKFSFTQSFQBSBSPOMBDPNJEBRVFTJSWFO DBONTRVFEJWJEJS RVFMPTQPMUJDPTTMPMMFHBCBOBTFSWJS
DVBOEPIBZFTUBDPSVOEBTZDIVSJQP-PTOJPT DPOMBNJUBE BMPTTVZPTRVFFMHPCJFSOPOJDBTPOPTIBDB OBEBNTOPT
EFMBDBSBDVCJFSUBDPOVOQBMJBDBUF SFDJCJFSPOBMPTGVFSFPT FTUBCBDBOTBOEP OPMFTJNQPSUBCBOOVFTUSBTEFNBOEBTEFTF
DPO DBSUFMFT RVF EFDBO i+VTUJDJB QBSB MPT CPTRVFTw  i+VTUJDJB HVSJEBEZKVTUJDJBSFDVFSEB"OUPOJB
QBSB MPT BTFTJOBEPT Z EFTBQBSFDJEPTw  i2VFSFNPT WJWJS TJO &MEFBHPTUPEFFTFBP MBHFOUFTFSFVOJFOMBQMB
BOHVTUJBTZUFNPSFTw [B QSJODJQBM 1PS NBZPSB EF WPUPT  BDPSEBSPO FMFHJS B TVT
&TFEBDPOPDB"OUPOJB IJTUPSJBEPSBEFBPT QBO BVUPSJEBEFT DPNP MP IBDBO TVT BCVFMPT &O PUSPT UJFN
UBMPOFTEFNF[DMJMMB UFOJTZSFCP[P-BFODPOUSIBDJFOEP QPT SFDVFSEB .BSB DBEB CBSSJP FMFHB B VO IBCJUBOUF

38 39
QBSB TFS QSFTJEFOUF NVOJDJQBM %FTQVT  FO VOB BTBNCMFB UFSNJOBDJOEFMPTQVFCMPT'VFSPOMPTQSJNFSPTFOVTBSMBT
TFFTDPHBBRVJFOTFSBFMDBOEJEBUPQSJODJQBM-PTQBSUJEPT SFGPSNBTEFMBSUDVMP RVFPCMJHBOBSFTQFUBSMPTUSBUBEPT
TMPQSFTUBCBOTVSFHJTUSPMBTWPUBDJPOFTFOMBTVSOBTFSBOTMP JOUFSOBDJPOBMFTTPCSFEFSFDIPTJOEHFOBT DPNPFM$POWFOJP
VOUSNJUF EFMB0SHBOJ[BDJO*OUFSOBDJPOBMEFM5SBCBKPZMPTQMBT
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$PNVOJEBE*OEHFOBEF$IFSORVFTFGPSNEBTEFTQVT $POFTPTBSHVNFOUPTZMBTSNBTEFNTEFEPTNJMIBCJ
EFM  EF BCSJM EFM  FOWJ VO EPDVNFOUP BM *OTUJUVUP UBOUFT BTDPNPFMBDPNQBBNJFOUPEFM"MUP$PNJTJPOBEPEF
&MFDUPSBMEF.JDIPBDOFYJHBOFMSFTQFUPBTVEFSFDIPEFFMF %FSFDIPT)VNBOPTEFMB0/6 MPTBCPHBEPTMMFHBSPOIBTUB
HJSBTVTBVUPSJEBEFTQPSVTPTZDPTUVNCSFT FM5SJCVOBM&MFDUPSBMEFM1PEFS+VEJDJBMEFMB'FEFSBDJO/JO
$VBOEPMBHFOUFEJKPRVFOPRVFSBFMFDDJO TFEJFSPO HOQFSJEJDPOBDJPOBMMPJOGPSN QFSPFMEFOPWJFNCSFEF
WBSJBT CBKBT FO FM NPWJNJFOUP 4F TBMJFSPO QFSTPOBT RVF ZB  QPSNBZPSBEFWPUPT TMPVOPFODPOUSB
MPTNBHJT
FTUBCBOBDPTUVNCSBEBTBWJWJSEFMBQPMUJDBSFDVFSEB.BSB USBEPTEFUFSNJOBSPORVF$IFSOUFOBEFSFDIPBOPQBSUJDJ
7BSJPT RVF MVDIBSPO DPOUSB MPT UBMBNPOUFT  TF DPOWJSUJF QBSFOMBTFMFDDJPOFTZ BEFNT QPEBFMFHJSBTVTBVUPSJEBEFT
SPOFOOVFTUSPQFPSFOFNJHP IJDJFSPOUPEPQPSRVFTTFWPUBSB DPOFMTJTUFNBEFVTPTZDPTUVNCSFT
FO$IFSOEJDF'SBODJTDP VOIPNCSFRVFQFSUFOFDJBM /PGVFUBOGDJMMJCFSBSTFEFMPTQBSUJEPT
13% Z TF EFDFQDJPO EFM QBSUJEP DVBOEP -FPOFM (PEPZ -PTDIFSBOFOTFTUVWJFSPORVFTBMJSBMBTDBMMFTQBSBFYJHJS
MMFHBMBHVCFSOBUVSBFOZOPBUFOEJTVTPMJDJUVEEF BM*OTUJUVUP&MFDUPSBMEF.JDIPBDOZBM$POHSFTPEFM&TUB
TFHVSJEBE EPSFTQFUPBMBEFDJTJOEFM5SJCVOBM&TPTVDFEJFMEFOP
"OUPOJP5FIBOEOGVFVOPEFMPTRVFEFKFMNPWJNJFO WJFNCSF EBFORVF.JDIPBDOFMFHBBHPCFSOBEPSZQSFTJEFOUFT
UP4FQPTUVMDPNPFMOJDPDBOEJEBUPQBSBBMDBMEFQPSFM NVOJDJQBMFT&TFEPNJOHP FOMBDPNVOJEBEOPTFJOTUBMBSPO
13* 13% /VFWB"MJBO[B $POWFSHFODJBZ7FSEF&DPMPHJT VSOBT3PTBSJP "OUPOJB +PT $BSNFOZDJFOUPTEFIBCJUBOUFT
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IBCJUBOUFTRVFTRVFSBOFMFDDJPOFT NBOUBTRVFEFDBOi/VFTUSPTTVFPTOPDBCFOFOMBTVSOBTw 
&MHSVQPRVFEFTFBCBVOHPCJFSOPDPNVOJUBSJPDPNFO[ i/PTPNPTVOWPUP TPNPTJOEHFOBTZUFOFNPTEJHOJEBEw-PT
VOBOVFWBMVDIB4VTBMJBEPTGVFSPODVBUSPKWFOFTBCPHBEPT OJPTBQSFOEJFSPOBHSJUBSi4J;BQBUBWJWJFSB RVDIJOHBMFT
RVFEFDJEJFSPOKVHSTFMBDPOFTUFQVFCMP%PTEFFMMPTOBDJF QVTJFSBw i"SSJCB BCBKP QBSUJEPTBMDBSBKPw
SPOFO$IFSO4BMWBEPS5PSSFTZ%BWJE3PNFSPBFMMPTTF &MTJHVJFOUFQBTPMPEJFSPOFMEFEJDJFNCSF DVBOEPFM
VOJFSPO0SMBOEP"SBHOZSJLB#SDFOBT *OTUJUVUP&MFDUPSBMEF.JDIPBDOSFBMJ[VOBDPOTVMUBQBSB
"CPHBEPTZDPNVOFSPTFYJHJFSPORVFTFNBUFSJBMJ[BSBMP DPNQSPCBS RVF MB NBZPSB RVFSB EFTUFSSBS B MPT QBSUJEPT
RVFJOEJDBFMBSUDVMPEFMB$POTUJUVDJOTPCSFMBMJCSFEF &M QSPDFEJNJFOUP GVF TFODJMMP &O DBEB VOP EF MPT DVBUSP

40 41
CBSSJPTTFSFBMJ[VOBBTBNCMFBZTFEJKPiMFWBOUFOMBNBOP 4FJTIPNCSFTGVFSPOQSPQVFTUPT6OPBHSBEFDJFMIP
RVJFOFTUBGBWPSEFFMFHJSBMBTBVUPSJEBEFTQPSFMTJTUFNBEF OPS QFSPFYQMJDRVFOPQPEBQBSUJDJQBSQPSQSPCMFNBTGB
VTPTZDPTUVNCSFTw NJMJBSFT 0USP OP TF QSFTFOU VO EB BOUFT TF DBZ EFM
&OFMCBSSJPDVBSUP $BNJMPGVFFMOJDPRVFOPMFWBOUMB DBCBMMPZGVFBEBSBMIPTQJUBM-PTDVBUSPSFTUBOUFTTFDPMP
NBOP&TUFDPNFSDJBOUFEFBPT RVFBMQSJODJQJPEFMNPWJ DBSPOGSFOUFBMBHFOUFZIBCMBSPO
NJFOUPBOEVWPFOMBTCBSSJDBEBT GVFEFMPTQPDPTRVFTFBUSFWJ /VODBIFTJEPQPMUJDP/PIBCMPNVDIP QFSPMFTEJHP
B NPTUSBS TV EFTBDVFSEP DPO FM OVFWP SVNCP RVF UPNBCB TV BOUFTRVFNJGBNJMJBFTUNJQVFCMPEJKP)DUPS NJMJUBS
DPNVOJEBE0USBTTJFUFQFSTPOBTNTMPIJDJFSPOFOMPTCBSSJPT KVCJMBEP
QSJNFSPZTFHVOEP /PIBZOFDFTJEBEEFRVFQSPNFUBNPTMPRVFOPQPEB
&TFEB FOMPTDVBUSPCBSSJPT NJMQFSTPOBTWPUBSPOQPSRVF NPTDVNQMJS4MPTFOFDFTJUBRVFSFSBMQVFCMP RVFSFSBOVFT
FO$IFSOZBOPTFSFBMJ[BSBOFMFDDJPOFTDPOFMTJTUFNBEFQBSUJEPT USBHFOUF RVFSFSOVFTUSBDVMUVSBQBSBSFQSFTFOUBSMBFYQMJD
+PT NBFTUSPEFTFDVOEBSJB
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6ONFTEFTQVT FMEFFOFSPEF $IFSOBZVEBSFDPSEBS TPCSF VOB TJMMB EF BMVNJOJP 'SFOUF B M TF GPSNBSPO UPEPT
BMQBTPUSBGPSNBEFFMFHJSBVUPSJEBEFT/PFYJTUJFSPOMBSHBTZ BRVFMMPTRVFMFEBCBOTVWPUP-PTUSFTDBOEJEBUPTDPOMBTMBT
DPTUPTBTDBNQBBTQPMUJDBT&MQVFCMPOPTFFOTVDJDPOQSPQB NTMBSHBTGVFSPOMPTFMFHJEPT
HBOEB4VTCBSEBTOPTFQJOUBSPODPOQSPNFTBTWBDBTOJBTJTUJFSPO $VBOEP UFSNJO MB WPUBDJO  0SMBOEP "SBHO  BCPHBEP
BNUJOFTQBSBSFDJCJSVOBEFTQFOTB VOBHPSSBPVOBDBNJTFUB RVFSFBMJ[BVOEPDUPSBEPFODJFODJBTBOUSPQPMHJDBT NFEJKP
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TVBTBNCMFBFOFMQBUJPEFVOBFTDVFMB5SFTDPIFUFTTPOBSPO UJDBZOPTMPDVMUVSBM&MMPTFTUOEFNPTUSBOEPRVFMBQPMUJDB
QBSBBWJTBSRVFJOJDJBCBMBFMFDDJOEFMPTIPNCSFT USFT QVFEFTFSFMBSUFEFMPHSBSMPJNQPTJCMF
QPSDBEBCBSSJP RVFGPSNBSBOFMDPOTFKPNBZPS-PTWFDJOPT :NJFOUSBTMPTIBCJUBOUFTEF$IFSOBOEBCBOFOFTBTBS
QSPQPOBOBTVDBOEJEBUP UFTJNQPTJCMFT FOPUSBTDPNVOJEBEFTEF.JDIPBDOTPCSF
&OFMCBSSJPUFSDFSPTFFTDVDIFTUP UPEPMBTJOEHFOBTFMOBSDPUSDPTFHVBTJOCBKBSMBHVBS
1SPQPOHPBMDPNVOFSP+PT QPSRVFIBEFNPTUSBEPRVF EJBZUPNBCBNTGVFS[BFOFMDPOUSPMEFOFHPDJPTDPNPMB
FTUDPOTVQVFCMP FTSFTQPOTBCMFZOVODBIBUFOJEPQSPCMF TJFNCSBEFMBHVBDBUF iFMPSPWFSEFwDPNPMPDPOPDFOFOFM
NBTFOTVGBNJMJBEJKP+PTFGB FTUBEP
1SPQPOHPBMTFPS)DUPS QPSRVFIBQBSUJDJQBEPFOMBT &MEFGFCSFSPEF $IFSOFTUSFOTVOVFWPHPCJFSOP
DPNJTJPOFT OBDJFO$IFSOZUJFOFVONPEPIPOFTUPEFWJEB &OMTFFMJNJOMBHVSBEFQSFTJEFOUFNVOJDJQBM4VMVHBSGVF
BTFHVS4FSHJP PDVQBEPQPSMPT,FSJT QBMBCSBRVFFOQVSQFDIBTJHOJDB

42 43
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FYJTUJEPMBTDPNJTJPOFTQBSBMBTFTUBT QBSBMPTCJFOFTDPNV WPT -BT DPNQVUBEPSBT MBT EFKBSPO TJO NFNPSJB P TJO EJTDP
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*** JOHSFTPTSFDJCFODPNQFOTBDJOFDPONJDB

44 45
4FEFDJEJRVFFMTVFMEPRVFSFDJCBVOSFHJEPS BMSFEF ***
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&OMBPDJOBRVFBOUFTFSBFMEFTQBDIPEFMQSFTJEFOUFNV NPTCBUBMMBOEP QPSRVFNVDIBTQFSTPOBTTBMBOBWFOEFSTVT
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$IFSO QPSRVFTFNJSBSPOBWBSJBTDBNJPOFUBTTVCJSBMCPTRVF QMBODIBEBTZMJTUPTQBSBJSBVOBFTUBDPOFTBORVFFMMPTRVJF
-PT UBMBNPOUFT TJHVFO MMFWOEPTF MB NBEFSB EFM PUSP SFORVFSFHSFTFFMTJTUFNBEFQBSUJEPTB$IFSO
MBEPEFMDFSSP:TJHVFOMPTHSVQPTRVFDPOUSPMBOFMOBSDP MBT &MHPCJFSOPFTUBUBMOPOPTWBBBQPZBSQPSRVFOPWPUBNPT
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[POBEJDFFM,FSJ+PT SPOWPUBSw

46 47
&MDPNVOFSP4BOUJBHPEJDF 2VJFOFTUBNQPDPFTUOEJTQVFTUBTBDMBVEJDBSTPO"MNB ;F
/PT TFOUJNPT BJTMBEPT Z DPO NJFEP B TBMJS  QFSP FO OBJEB 3PTB "OHMJDBZ"MJDJB4POMBTFTQPTBTEFMPTBTFTJOBEPT
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*** Z MVFHP OP TF TBCF OBEB EF FMMB :P TJFOUP VO PSHVMMP UBO
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SSBEFSPZMBSFTJOFSBDPNVOBM QBSBFMMPWJTJUBSPODPNVOJ ***
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JOEHFOBTMPHSBSPOVOBQSPWFDIBNJFOUPTVTUFOUBCMFEFTVT PQFSBUJWP EF TFHVSJEBE FO MB NFTFUB QVSQFDIB  FMFNFOUPT
CPTRVFT5JFOFOQMBOFTEFDSFBSFTDVFMBTDPNVOJUBSJBTFO EFM&KSDJUPNFYJDBOPFODPOUSBSPOFMDVFSQPEF$VJUMIVBD
EPOEFMPTOJPTBQSFOEBOQVSQFDIBFJOHMT1SFQBSBOMB )FSOOEF[ &M(FSP ZFMEFVONVDIBDIPEFBPTDPO
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DPNFEPSFTDPNVOJUBSJPT"MJTUBOMBDSFBDJOEFVOBQMBOUB DFOEJBEB

SFDJDMBEPSB EF CBTVSB 0SHBOJ[BO SJGBT QBSB DPNQSBS VOB
BNCVMBODJB Z UPSOFPT EF CBTRVFUCPM  EFQPSUF QPQVMBS FO -PTOPNCSFTEFBMHVOBTQFSTPOBTRVFBQBSFDFOFOFTUBIJTUPSJBGVFSPO
$IFSO DBNCJBEPTBQFUJDJOEFFMMBTNJTNBT

48 49
7


"MCFSUP/KBS
Alberto Njar es productor para Mxico y Centroamrica de la S7-1
cadena britnica BBC World Service. Periodista especializado en
cobertura de temas sociales como narcotrfico, migracin inter- AMBCSJSMBQVFSUBEFTVDBTBMBTPSQSFOEJVOBKPWFOBSSPEJ
nacional y trata de personas. Durante 10 aos hizo reportajes de MMBEBi1PSMPRVFNTRVJFSB NBESF BZEFOPTw TVQMJD
investigacin en el suplemento Masiosare de La Jornada. Tam- &SBDBTJNFEJBOPDIF-BTDBMMFTEF-B1BUSPOB VOCBSSJP
bin fue reportero de asuntos especiales en los diarios Milenio y EFMBDBCFDFSBNVOJDJQBMEF"NBUMOEF-PT3FZFT 7FSBDSV[ 
El Centro. Coautor del libro )PSBTJOGBVTUBTMBUSBHFEJBEFM FTUBCBOBQFOBTJMVNJOBEBT
/FXT%JWJOF (Ririki), y fue seleccionado en la antologa (SBO -BKPWFOIPOEVSFBIBCBMMFHBEPFOVOUSFOEFDBSHBKVOUPDPO
EFT $SOJDBT 1FSJPETUJDBT (Comunicarte). Es licenciado en DJFOUPTEFQFSTPOBTJOEPDVNFOUBEBT UPEBTEF$FOUSPBNSJDB4V
Ciencias de la Comunicacin por el Instituto Tecnolgico de OPWJPGVFBDVDIJMMBEPDVBOEPMBEFGFOEJEFVOJOUFOUPEFWJPMBDJO
Estudios Superiores de Occidente (ITESO), y diplomado en pe- 6OBTJUVBDJONVZGSFDVFOUFFO.YJDP EPOEFMPTUSFOFT
riodismo econmico por el Instituto Tecnolgico Autnomo de EFDBSHBTFIBODPOWFSUJEP EFTEFIBDFNTEFVOBEDBEB 
Mxico (ITAM). Obtuvo el primer Premio Nacional de Perio- FODBTJFMOJDPUSBOTQPSUFQBSBDJFOUPTEFNJMFTEFNJHSBO
dismo a la mejor corresponsala extranjera otorgado por el Club UFTRVFQSFUFOEFOMMFHBSB&TUBEPT6OJEPT
de Periodistas de Mxico, as como el primer Premio de Perio- &MDBNJOPTJFNQSFGVFQFMJHSPTP QFSPEFTEFDVBOEPFM
dismo Parlamentario de la Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito HPCJFSOPNFYJDBOPFNQSFOEJMBHVFSSBDPOUSBFMOBSDPUSDP 
Federal, en la categora de reportaje. TFDPOWJSUJFOVOBSVUBEFNVFSUF

53
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FMUSFOTFEFUVWPFO-BT1BUSPOBTMBNVKFSCBKEFTFTQFSBEBFO UVWJFSBDSVDJDBEPEJKF4FPS BIFTUTUw EJDFMBSPCVTUB
CVTDBEFBZVEB NVKFSCMBODBDPOQFDBTZQFMPDBTUBP
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EBSMB ZTJOQFOTBSMPDPSSJIBTUBTVDBTB"MMFTUBCB MBNVKFS EBEPEFMIFSJEP/JOHONEJDPRVJTPBUFOEFSMP UFNFSPTPT
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VOWBHO TBMFOMBTIFSJEBTEFMNVDIBDIPZSF[BSPOFMSFTUPEFMBNB
i4UFWPZBBZVEBS QFSPMFWOUBUFQSJNFSPw MFEJKP/PS ESVHBEBIBTUBRVFSFBDDJPO
NB%JF[NJOVUPTEFTQVTMBTEPTNVKFSFTMMFHBSPOBMBTWBT 4FRVFEDPOFMMBTEVSBOUFWBSJBTTFNBOBTBMMBEPEFTV
EPOEFFMUSFOTFIBCBEFUFOJEP%FMBTDBTBTDFSDBOBTMMFHBCB OPWJB ZDVBOEPSFDVQFSGVFS[BTWPMWJBMUSFO"WFDFTMB
VOQPDPEFMV[&OMBQFOVNCSB EFDFOBTEFQFSTPOBTMBSP QBSFKBFOWBDBSUBTEFTEF&TUBEPT6OJEPT
EFBSPOi"ZEBOPT NBESFw SFQFUBO &TB OPDIF EF  /PSNB SFBDUJW FM NPUPS FTQJSJUVBM
)BOQBTBEPNTEFBPTQFSP/PSNBSFDVFSEBDMBSB RVFIBCBFYUSBWJBEP-PFODPOUSKVTUPBVOPTQBTPTEFFMMB 
NFOUFFMFODVFOUSP"MMMFHBSBMBTWBT DVFOUB iNFDVCSJ FOTVNBESF-VDJMB7[RVF[ RVJFOEFTEFIBDBWBSJPTNFTFT
VOGSPJOUFOTPEFTEFMBDBCF[BBMPTQJFT4FOUNVDIPNJF DPDJOBCBVOPTLJMPTEFBSSP[ZGSJKPMQBSBMPTNJHSBOUFT
EP ZQFOT4FPS TJUNFQVTJTUFBRV FSFTFMOJDPRVFNF "QBSUJSEFFTFNPNFOUPMBSPCVTUBNVKFSTFBDFSDBMB
WBBBZVEBS:TFNFRVJUFMGSPw DPDJOBEFTVNBESF ZMVFHPMMFHPUSBIFSNBOB EFTQVTVOB
/PSNBEJKPRVFTMPQPESBBZVEBSBMIFSJEPi&TUCJFOw  QSJNB
SFTQPOEJFSPORVJFOFTBMDBO[BSPOBFTDVDIBSMBi4JMFBZVEBT -BTNVKFSFTDPSSBOEJBSJBNFOUFBMBTWBTFODVBOUPFTDV
BMOPTBZVEBTBUPEPTw DIBCBOFMTJMCBUPEFMUSFO DBSHBEBTEFDBKBTDPOCPMTJUBTEF
%FM UFDIP EFM WBHO CBKBSPO BM FOGFSNP  VO KPWFO DPNJEBZBHVB
JODPOTDJFOUFEFQJFMOFHSBDPONVFDBEFEPMPS-PUPNBSPO -PT NJHSBOUFT FNQF[BSPO B MMBNBSMFT -BT 1BUSPOBT  OP
EFMBTQJFSOBT KVOUPTMPTUBMPOFT NJFOUSBTPUSPTMPSFDJCBO TMPQPSFMOPNCSFEFMCBSSJPTJOPDPNPVOBGPSNBEFSFTQF
DPOMPTCSB[PTBCJFSUPT UP&O.YJDPZ$FOUSPBNSJDBTFMMBNBQBUSPOBBVOBNVKFS
4FQBSFDBB$SJTUPRVFEFTDFOEBEFDBCF[B SFDVFSEBBO DPOBVUPSJEBE QFSPRVFUBNCJODVJEBZWFMBQPSTVTIJKPT
FNPDJPOBEB/PSNB :FTRVJ[MBNFKPSEFOJDJOQBSB/PSNBZTVTDPNQBFSBT
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FTUBCBFODSJTJT EFTDPODFSUBEBQPSMBWJEBSFMBKBEBEFMTBDFS WFDJOBTEFMCBSSJPRVFUPEPTMPTEBTTJOEFTDBOTPDVNQMFO
EPUFFODBSHBEPEFMBQBSSPRVJBEF"NBUMOZMBEPCMFNPSBM DPOTViTFSWJDJPw DPNPMMBNBOBMBUBSFBEFQSFQBSBSZFOUSF
EFTVTDPMBCPSBEPSBTZBMHVOBTNPOKBT HBSDPNJEBZBHVB

54 55
2VJODFBPTEFTQVTBQSFOEJFSPOMBTDPTUVNCSFTZWFSJ &SB SBSP WFS RVF BMHVJFO WJBKBSB EF iUSBNQBw P iNPTDBw 
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$PNPMBTQFSTPOBTJOEPDVNFOUBEBTBRVJFOFTBMJNFOUBO  6OBIFSFODJBEFEFTFNQMFPZWJPMFODJB DPONJMFTEFKWF
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$PODBEBCPMTBEFDPNJEBZMBTCPUFMMBTEFBHVBBMJWJBO  FOGSFOUBEBTBNVFSUFEFTEFTVOBDJNJFOUPFO-PTOHF
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DBEB LJMNFUSP FM SJFTHP EF TFDVFTUSPT  BDDJEFOUFT  BTBMUPT  )POEVSBTZ(VBUFNBMBGVFVOBQPMUJDBEFNBOPEVSBRVF
FYUPSTJPOFT  HPMQFT  FOGFSNFEBEFT  BCVTPT TFYVBMFT  DBMPS  EFWJOPFOSFQSFTJOBMPTKWFOFT
GSP TPMFEBE &MIVSBDOBDBCDPOMBTQPRVJUBTTFBMFTEFFTQFSBO[BFO
*OGPSNFTEFMB$PNJTJO/BDJPOBMEF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPT MBSFHJO$FSDBEBTQPSMBWJPMFODJB EFTIFDIBMBQPTJCJMJEBE
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56 57
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58 59
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60 61
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66 67
.JMFTEFDBNQFTJOPTNFYJDBOPTUSBCBKBCBOCBKPFMTPMJN MPTNJHSBOUFTTJOPDSFBSDPOEJDJPOFTQBSBRVFMBWJEBGVFSB
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BHVB DPODPNJEBFTDBTBZQSFTPTDPUJEJBOPTEFMBJOTBMVCSJ TBGVFiMBCBTFEFUPEPFMUSBCBKPNJHSBUPSJPw SFDVFSEB
EBEZFOGFSNFEBEFT FMTBDFSEPUF
1PSFTPTEBTFMNUJDP$TBS$IWF[ BDUJWJTUBTPDJBMZEF 6OB TFNJMMB EF KVTUJDJB FO VOB [POB EPOEF MB NJTFSJB 
GFOTPSEFEFSFDIPTEFMBTNJOPSBT JOJDJBCBVOBSFWPMVDJOFO BCVTPTMBCPSBMFTZWJPMFODJBTPODPNVOFT QFSPRVFTFWPMWJ
MPTDBNQPTEFIPSUBMJ[BTZGSVUBTFOFMPFTUFEF&TUBEPT6OJEPT QFPSBQBSUJSEF DVBOEPMMFHFMYPEPEFDFOUSPBNFSJ
1BOUPKB DPNQBSUJ VO NFT FTB CBUBMMB RVF DBNCJ QBSB DBOPTRVFIVBOEFMBEFWBTUBDJOFOTVUJFSSB
TJFNQSFMBWJEBEFMPTKPSOBMFSPTZPUSPTUSBCBKBEPSFT MBCBTF &OFMDBVDFEFFTFSPIVNBOPFTU$PBIVJMB4VDBQJUBM 
EFMBFDPOPNBFTUBEPVOJEFOTF 4BMUJMMP  EPOEF FM USFO TVFMF EFUFOFSTF  TF DPOWJSUJ FO VOB
4VQPFOUPODFTRVFMPTNJHSBOUFTTFSBOGVOEBNFOUBMFTFO OVFWB FTUBDJO NJHSBUPSJB i6OB SVUB NBMEJUB  TVNBNFOUF
TVNJTJOTBDFSEPUBM QFSPIBTUBUVWPPQPSUVOJEBEEF EPMPSPTBw MBNFOUB1BOUPKB ZRVFBMQBTPEFMPTBPTTFIB
DPODSFUBSMB &TF BP MB FNQSFTB "MUPT )PSOPT EF .YJDP  WVFMUPQFPS
VOBEFMBTNBZPSFTDPNQBBTBDFSFSBTEFMQBT TFGVFBQJ "MQSJODJQJPMPTHVBSEJBTEFMPTUSFOFT UPEPTNJFNCSPTEF
RVF Z EFK B NJMFT EF USBCBKBEPSFT EFTFNQMFBEPT .VDIPT FNQSFTBT QSJWBEBT EF TFHVSJEBE  BSSPKBCBO B MPT QPMJ[POUFT
JOUFOUBSPOWJBKBSB&TUBEPT6OJEPTQBSBFTDBQBSEFMBDSJTJT  EFTEFFMUFDIPEFMPTWBHPOFT FMDPOWPZBOFONPWJNJFOUP
QFSP TF FODPOUSBSPO DPO RVF FM QSFTJEFOUF EFNDSBUB 8J $PNP OP MPHSBSPO EFUFOFS FM VKP EFDJEJFSPO BUBDBS &O
MMJBN$MJOUPOFNQF[BCBBDFSSBSMBQVFSUBEFTVQBT BTFTJOBSPOBMPTBEPMFTDFOUFTIPOEVSFPT%FMNFS"MFYBO
$PO MB PQFSBDJO 3P (SBOEF QSJNFSP  FO 5FYBT  Z MB EFS1BDIFDPZ%BWJE EFBQFMMJEPEFTDPOPDJEP6OBPEFTQVT
0QFSBDJO (VBSEJO EFTQVT  FO $BMJGPSOJB  FM HPCJFSOP NBUBSPOBQFESBEBTBMIPOEVSFP*TNBFMEFMB$SV[
FTUBEPVOJEFOTFDPOTUSVZVOBCBSSFSBGTJDBZWJSUVBMFOTV 1BSBFMKFTVJUBTFGVFFMQBSUFBHVBTFOTVNJTJO4VQP
GSPOUFSBTVS RVFEFTEFFOUPODFTIBFNQVKBEPBMSPNJHSBUP FOUPODFT RVF FM DBNJOP QBSB MPT NJHSBOUFT TFSB BO NT
SJPQPSDBNJOPTDBEBWF[NTQFMJHSPTPT EJGDJM
&TFMPTEFTQFEJEPTEFMBTNJOFSBTGVFSPOMBTQSJNFSBT
WDUJNBT.JMFTTFRVFEBSPOFOMBGSPOUFSBTJOEJOFSP DPNJEB
PSFGVHJP1BOUPKBFTUBCBFO&BHMF1BTT 5FYBT ZSQJEBNFOUF (
DPOTJHVJQFSNJTPQBSBJOTUBMBSFO$JVEBE"DVB $PBIVJMB 
VOBMCFSHVFQBSBMPTWBSBEPT .JHSBDJOTJOQBQFMFTZWJPMFODJBTPOVOBWJFKBNF[DMB QFSP
-B DBTB GVF FM DJNJFOUP EFM QSPZFDUP 'SPOUFSB Z %JHOJ FOFMDBTPEF.YJDPIBMMFHBEPBOJWFMFTFYUSFNPT&MQBT 
EBE  VOB JOJDJBUJWB TPDJBM RVF QSFUFOEB OP TMP BVYJMJBS B BTFHVSB+PSHF#VTUBNBOUF FYSFMBUPSFTQFDJBMTPCSFMPTEFSF

68 69
DIPTEFMBTQFSTPOBTNJHSBOUFTEFMB0/6 FTiFMDBNQFO i4BCBNPTRVFQBSBJOUFSQSFUBS DPNQSFOEFSFMDBNJOPEF
NVOEJBMwFOBCVTPT MBNJHSBDJO OPCBTUBCBVOBDBTB5FOBNPTVOBWJTJONVZ
:BMPQSFTFOUBOFOMB%JDFTJTEF4BMUJMMP RVFDPODFOUS BNQMJBEFRVFMBNJHSBDJOUJFOFNVDIBTWFSUJFOUFTw DVFOUB
TVUSBCBKPDPONJHSBOUFTOPFOMBGSPOUFSB TJOPFOMBDBQJUBM NJFOUSBTPCTFSWBEFSFPKPMBTQBOUBMMBTEFUFMFWJTJO
EF$PBIVJMB &M UJFNQP  Z MB HVFSSB DPOUSB FM OBSDPUSDP  MF EJFSPO
&OTVPDJOB GSFOUFBVOBTFSJFEFQBOUBMMBTEFUFMFWJTJODPO MBSB[O
MPTRVFNPOJUPSFBOMBBDUJWJEBEEFMBQPTBEB 1FESP1BOUPKBSF
DVFSEBMPTQSJNFSPTEBTi7JNPTRVFFSBVSHFOUFFTUBCMFDFSVO
BMCFSHVF ZBOPUBOUPQBSBRVFMPTNJHSBOUFTDPNBO EVFSNBO  -
EFTDBOTFO TJOPQBSBRVFOPMPTNBUBSBOw SFDVFSEB
/PGVFVOQSPDFTPGDJM-BEJDFTJTQSFTUVOBDBTBRVF "PT EFTQVT EFM OBDJNJFOUP EFM BMCFSHVF #FMO  FM QB
GVODJPOBCB DPNP CPEFHB  NJFOUSBT M Z WBSJPT TBDFSEPUFT QFMEFMPTNJHSBOUFTIBDBNCJBEP"OUFTFSBOQFSTPOBTFO
DPOTFHVBO DPNJEB i5VWJNPT RVF DPNFO[BS DPO VOB QP USOTJUPB&TUBEPT6OJEPTRVFQBTBCBOEFTBQFSDJCJEBTQBSB
CSF[BFYUSFNB TJOBZVEB TJODPNJEBQPSRVFMBVSHFODJBFSB  MBNBZPSBEFMPTNFYJDBOPT"IPSBTFIBODPOWFSUJEPFO
TPCSFUPEP MBWJEBEFMPTNJHSBOUFTw NFSDBODBQBSBMPTDSUFMFTEFOBSDPUSDP FTQFDJBMNFOUF
&MEJOFSPFSBTMPQBSUFEFMQSPCMFNB&O4BMUJMMPMPTNJHSBOUFT -PT;FUBT
UBNQPDPTPOCJFOWJTUPTQPSMBDPNVOJEBE-PTQPMJDBTMPDBMFT &MHSVQPDSJNJOBM DSFBEPQPSFYTPMEBEPTEFMJUF WJWBGVO
TVFMFOEFUFOFSMPTTJONPUJWP%FTQVTVOPTWFDJOPTSFBMJ[BSPO EBNFOUBMNFOUFEFMUSDPEFESPHBQFSPBMSPNQFSTVBMJBO[B
QSPUFTUBTQBSBFYJHJSFMDJFSSFEFMBMCFSHVF DPOFM$SUFMEFM(PMGPTFWJPPCMJHBEPBCVTDBSOVFWBTGVFOUFT
1BOUPKB EJDF RVF GVFSPO BUBRVFT iJOUFODJPOBMFTw PSHBOJ EFJOHSFTP:MPTNJHSBOUFTGVFSPOMBQSFTBGDJM
[BEPTQPSQFSTPOBTBKFOBTBMBDPNVOJEBE QVFTMBEJDFTJT &O QPDP UJFNQP DPOUSPMBSPO B UPEBT MBT CBOEBT EF USB
IBCBIFDIPVOBMBCPSJOUFOTBFOUSFMPTFMFTQBSBRVFBDFQ DBOUFTEFQFSTPOBTFO5BNBVMJQBT TVQSJODJQBMDFOUSPEF
UBSBOFMSFGVHJP PQFSBDJO ZTFUSBTMBEBSPOEFTQVTBUPEPFMOPSFTUFZTVSFTUF
&M USBCBKP SJOEJ GSVUPT  QSFTVNF FM TBDFSEPUF  QVFT TF NFYJDBOP
GPSNVOBSFEEFTPMJEBSJEBERVFIBTJEPGVOEBNFOUBMQBSB -BEFMJODVFODJBPSHBOJ[BEBFODPOUSEJOFSPFOFMTFDVFTUSP
NBOUFOFSDPOWJEBBMBQPTBEB ZFOMBWFOUBEFNVKFSFTDPNPFTDMBWBTTFYVBMFT QFSPUBNCJO
1FSPRVJ[MBDMBWFEFTVTPCSFWJWFODJBFTRVF1BOUPKB DBSOFEFDBOQBSBTVTUSJODIFSBTFOMBHVFSSBDPOUSBPUSPT
Z TV FRVJQP TVQJFSPO RVF BZVEBS B MPT JOEPDVNFOUBEPT DSUFMFT
TJHOJDBNTRVFPGSFDFSDPNJEB BHVBZVOBDBNBQBSB i#VTDBOWDUJNBTNTWVMOFSBCMFT ZFOUPODFTTFBWJFO
EPSNJS UBOTPCSFMBNJHSBDJO/PMFTDVFTUBOBEB/PUJFOFORVF

70 71
FOGSFOUBSTFDPOFMFKSDJUP MBQPMJDBGFEFSBM WJFOFOSBDJNPT &M NVDIBDIP EFDJEJ FTDPOEFSTF DPO VO QSJNP FO -PT
EFHFOUFIVNBOB FTVOBHBOBODJBBMBNBOPw EJDF1BOUPKB OHFMFT
-PT;FUBTOPTMPDPOUSPMBSPOFMUSDPIVNBOP UBNCJO i.FBHBSSFMUSFOQFSPFO7FSBDSV[TFDBZVODPNQBRVF
BQMJDBSPOTVFTUSBUFHJBEFUFSSPSZDSVFMEBERVFBQSFOEJFSPO WFOB DPO OPTPUSPT -F DPSU MBT QJFSOBT Z HSJUBCB  HSJUBCB
DPOHSVQPTQBSBNJMJUBSFTZFYDPNCBUJFOUFTEFMBTHVFSSBTDJ -VFHPFO"QJ[BDPNBUBSPODPOVOQBMPBPUSPRVFOPTFEFK
WJMFTFO$FOUSPBNSJDB TVCJSBVOBQJDLVQ.JQSJNPTFBTVTUNVDIPZFOFM%'TF
&O FM BMCFSHVF FTQFSBCBO VO DSFDJNJFOUP EF MB WJPMFODJB  TJHVJFOCVT:POPUFOHPMFNQJSBTOJEMBSZQPSFTPTVC
QFSPOPBMPTOJWFMFTRVFQSPOUPBQBSFDJFSPO"MBTQVFSUBTEF BMUSFOIBTUBBRVw
MBQPTBEBFNQF[BSPOBMMFHBSNJHSBOUFTTJOIFSJEBTBQBSFOUFTFO &TVOEJMPHPMFOUP-BTGSBTFTBQBSFDFOEFTQBDJUP DPNP
FMDVFSQP QFSPDPOFMBMNBEFTHBSSBEBQPSMBTFYQFSJFODJBTEFM TJFMBEPMFTDFOUFMBTQFOTBSBEFNBTJBEP/PFTFTP"3BNO
DBNJOP UPEBWBMFDVFTUBFOUFOEFSMPRVFWJWJZ QFPSBO BDFQUBS
.VDIPTIBOTJEPFODFSSBEPTFODBTBTEFTFHVSJEBE BWF MPRVFTJHVF
DFTDPOPUSPTTFDVFTUSBEPT"RVJFOFTTFSFITBOBFOUSFHBSFM 5JFOFNJFEPEFTFHVJSBEFMBOUFQPSRVFTBCFRVFGVFSBEFM
ONFSPUFMFGOJDPEFGBNJMJBSFTRVFQPESBOQBHBSTVMJCF BMCFSHVF MBTDBMMFTEF4BMUJMMP MBTWBTEFMUSFOZMPTLJMNF
SBDJO MPTQMBHJBSJPTMPTBTFTJOBOBHPMQFTGSFOUFBMPTEFNT USPT RVF TJHVFO IBTUB MB GSPOUFSB  TPO UFSSJUPSJP EF DBDFSB
"PUSPTMPTNVUJMBO PMPTDVFMHBOEFTOVEPTEFMPTQJFTQBSB QBSB-PT;FUBT
HPMQFBSMPTDPOUBCMBT.VDIBTNVKFSFTTPOWJPMBEBT ZBMHVOBT /PQVFEFSFHSFTBSQPSRVFTVNBESFTFSBBTFTJOBEBQPSMPT
TFDPOWJFSUFOFOFTDMBWBTTFYVBMFTEFMKFGFEFMBCBOEB QBOEJMMFSPT1BSB3BNOMPTQSYJNPTEBTTPOMPNJTNP"
$VBOEP FTDBQBO MPT NJHSBOUFT TF MMFWBO FM JOFSOP DPO EPOEFTFNVFWBTFSVOBQSFTB
FMMPT&OMBQPTBEB#FMOTFDSFVOSFBEFBUFODJOQTJDP
MHJDBQBSBBZVEBSMPTBSFDPOTUSVJS FOMPQPTJCMF TVBMNB
)BDFO MP RVF QVFEFO 3BNO  VO FTQJHBEP BEPMFTDFOUF .
EFBPTDPOPKPTBMNFOESBEPTRVFMMFWBUSFTNFTFTFOFM
BMCFSHVFFTVOFKFNQMP$VBOEPMMFHQFSNBOFDBFOTJMFO )BDJBFMOPSUFEF4BMUJMMP FOMPBMUPEFVODFSSPTFDPZHSJT 
DJP BMHVOPTQFOTBCBORVFFSBNVEP5SBTWBSJBTTFNBOBTEF TFWFVOBFOPSNFFTUBUVBEF+FTTEF/B[BSFUIDPOMPTCSB[PT
UFSBQJBFNQF[BIBCMBS ZBDPOUBSTVIJTUPSJB BCJFSUPT
)VZFEF)POEVSBTQPSRVFTVGBNJMJBFTUBNFOB[BEBEF 6O HFTUP RVF QBSFDFSB DPOUSBEJDUPSJP DPO MB SFBMJEBE
NVFSUF4VIFSNBOPNBZPSFTNJFNCSPEFMB.BSBZBOB "QFOBTBMTBMJSEF4BMUJMMPMPTNJHSBOUFTTFFODVFOUSBOFOFM
MFTEFTVNBNSFDJCJVONFOTBKFPTFMBSHBCBOEFM UFSSJUPSJPNTDPOUSPMBEPQPSMBTCBOEBTEFUSBDBOUFTEFQFS
QVFCMPPUPEPTTFSBOBTFTJOBEPT TPOBT RVFUSBCBKBOQBSB-PT;FUBT

72 73
'VFFOVOTJUJPEFFTUB[POB BMFTUFEFMBFTUBUVB EPOEF
QFSTPOBTJOEPDVNFOUBEBTGVFSPOBTFTJOBEBTFOVOSBODIPEF
-
4BO'FSOBOEP 5BNBVMJQBT
1FESP 1BOUPKB TVFMF EFDJS RVF .YJDP FT VO DFNFOUFSJP
EFNJHSBOUFT:UBMWF[UFOHBSB[O QPSRVFMPTTFDVFTUSPTZ
BTFTJOBUPTEFQFSTPOBTJOEPDVNFOUBEBTOPDFTBO
%BOJFMB1BTUSBOB
1FSPUBNQPDPTFBQBHBMBMV[EFFTQFSBO[BRVFSFQSFTFOUB
FMTBDFSEPUFKFTVJUBZPUSPTRVF DPNPM EJBSJBNFOUFTFNF
UFOBMJOFSOPQBSBBSSBODBSEFMPTDSJNJOBMFTBTVTWDUJNBT
&OMBGSPOUFSBOPSUFFMHPCJFSOPEF&TUBEPT6OJEPTMFWBOUB
NVSPT QBSB USBUBS EF JNQFEJS FM VKP EF QFSTPOBT %FM PUSP
MBEP  FO .YJDP  MBT QVFSUBT EF MPT BMCFSHVFT TJFNQSF FTUO
BCJFSUBTQBSBSFDJCJSMPT
"QFTBSEFUPEP EJDF1BOUPKBi4JBMHVJFOQFOTRVFMBWJP
MFODJB BTFTJOBUPTZBNFOB[BTTFSBODPNPVOFKFNQMPEFMP
RVFOPTQPESBQBTBS TFFRVJWPDw BTFHVSBi'VFBMSFWT/J
BNOJBOBEJFEFMFRVJQPOPTDSFVOBCBSSFSB VOPCTUDVMP
RVFOPTBNFESFOUFw

74
Daniela Pastrana es periodista independiente, especializada en
derechos humanos, movimientos sociales y poltica social. Tra-
baj en los diarios Reforma, La Jornada y El Centro. Actual-
mente colabora en peridicos y revistas de Espaa, Brasil y El /FQPNVDFOP .PSFOP /F[ MMFWBCB  EBT CVTDBOEP
Salvador, y es corresponsal para la agencia Inter Press Service BTVIJKP+PSHF.BSJPDVBOEPTVQPRVFFOFMFTUBEPEF.P
(IPS), con sede regional en Uruguay. SFMPT BVOPTNJMLJMNFUSPTBMTVSEFTVDBTB IBCBVO
Es coautora de los libros 7BNPTBQPSUBSOPTNBM-BQSPUFTUB QPFUBRVFQFEBKVTUJDJBQBSBTVIJKPBTFTJOBEP
TPDJBMFO"NSJDB-BUJOB(Fundacin Friedrich Ebert, 2011), &SBFMEFNBZPEF&MTPOPSFOTFEFBPT WFO
)PSBT*OGBVTUBT-BUSBHFEJBEFM/FXT%JWJOF (Ririki, 2009) EFEPS EF DBNBSPOFT  WJP FO MB UFMFWJTJO B VO IPNCSF EF
y del manual de periodismo &TDSJUPTJOE4VHFSFODJBTQBSBVO TPNCSFSP MFOUFTZDIBNBSSBEFCPSSFHP MMBNBEP+BWJFS4J
QFSJPEJTNPTJOFUJRVFUBT(Conapred, 2010). DJMJB RVFDBNJOBCBIBDJBMBDJVEBEEF.YJDPBDPNQBBEP
Ha sido becaria de la Fundacin Nuevo Periodismo Iberoame- EFVOBTEPTDJFOUBTQFSTPOBTMBTUJNBEBTQPSMBWJPMFODJB
ricano y de la Fundacin Prensa y Democracia. Es profesora de &O VO DJCFS DPOTJHVJ BZVEB QBSB FTDSJCJS B MB 3FE QPS
crnica y reportaje en la Escuela de Periodismo Carlos Septin MB1B[ZMB+VTUJDJB PSHBOJ[BDJODJVEBEBOBRVFTFHFTUBCB
Garca y ha sido jurado de la beca para periodistas que otorga el FO.PSFMPT ZQFEJSJOGPSNFTEFMBSVUBRVFTFHVJSBOMPT
Programa Prensa y Democracia de la Universidad Iberoameri- DBNJOBOUFT1JEJQSFTUBEPQBSBDPNQSBSVOCPMFUPBMBDB
cana. Desde 2006 participa, junto con otras colegas, en el sueo QJUBMEFMQBT/PDPOTJHVJQBSBFMQBTBKFEFSFHSFTP4FTVN
colectivo de la Red de Periodistas de a Pie, del que es secretaria BMBDBNJOBUBBMEBTJHVJFOUF FO5PQJMFKP ZBFOFMQFSNFUSP
ejecutiva. EF MB DBQJUBM 1BSB FOUPODFT  MB NBSDIB TVNBCB B VOBT NJM

77
QFSTPOBT"MBDBCF[BJCBOFMQPFUB4JDJMJBZ+VMJO-F#BSO  QPMJDBTNVOJDJQBMFT&TUPTNVDIBDIPTBOEBONVZNBM TPO
MEFSEFMBDPNVOJEBENPSNPOBRVFMMFWBFMOPNCSFEFTV EFMPT#FMUSO-FZWB:BVOPRVFBOEBNPTCVTDBOEPFTIJKP
GBNJMJB FO$IJIVBIVB ZRVFQFSEJBDJODPEFTVTNJFNCSPT EFM%PTNJM VONBPTPRVFBOEBCBDPOMPT;FUBTw MFEJKP&M
QPSFOGSFOUBSTFBMPTHSVQPTDSJNJOBMFTEFMBSFHJO DPNFSDJBOUFUSBUEFFYQMJDBSRVFFSBVOFSSPS RVFVOPEFMPT
&OMBNBBOBEFMEFNBZP /FQPNVDFOPEFBNCVMBCB KWFOFTFSBIJKPEFMEPDUPS%B[ EJSFDUPSEFTBMVENVOJDJQBM
TPMPFONFEJPEFMEFTDBNQBEPRVFBMPKBMPTDBNJOBOUFT EF)FSNPTJMMP RVFPUSPFSBIJKPEF%PO(PZP UBRVFSPFO
$BSHBCBDPNPFTUBOEBSUFVOBDBSUVMJOBDPOMBTGPUPHSBGBT MBVOJWFSTJEBEi)BHBNPTVOBDPTBJOUFSSVNQJFMIPN
EFDVBUSPKWFOFT#BKPTVDIBNBSSBHVBSEBCBVOTPCSFBNB CSF%FOPTNJMQFTPTZMPTTPMUBNPTw
SJMMPDPONTJNHFOFTZFMFYQFEJFOUFEFTVIJKP +PSHF.B i$POTFHV FM EJOFSP Z MFT IBCMw  DVFOUB /FQPNVDFOP
SJP .PSFOP -FO  EF  BPT  EFTBQBSFDJEP EFTEF FM  EF i.FEJKFSPORVFFTQFSBCBOBVODPNBOEBOUFZNFQBTBSPOB
KVMJPEF KVOUPDPOEPTEFTVTBNJHPT+PT'SBODJTDP NJIJKP.FEJKPA&TUPZCJFOBQ OPUFNPSUJRVFT EJMFBNJ
.FSDBEP0SUFHBZ(JPWBOOJ0UFSP.BSJP&OSJRVF%B[ FM BNRVFFTUPZCJFO RVFBIMFDBJHPB)FSNPTJMMPNTUBSEF
DVBSUPKPWFOEFMDBSUFM GVFBTFTJOBEP .FRVFEUSBORVJMPZMFIBCMBNJFTQPTB1FSPOVODBNF
TUBGVFMBIJTUPSJBRVFDPOUFMEFKVOJPEF  WPMWJFSPOBDPOUFTUBSw
+PSHF .BSJP TBMJ DPO TVT BNJHPT B EJWFSUJSTF B $JVEBE &M WFOEFEPS EF DBNBSPOFT TF DPOWJSUJ FO EFUFDUJWF 4F
0CSFHO BVOPTLJMNFUSPTEFTVDBTBFO)FSNPTJMMP  NBOJGFTU GSFOUF BM 1BMBDJP EF (PCJFSOP  EFOVODJ BOUF MB
4POPSB'VFMBMUJNBWF[RVFMPWJPWJWP%FTQVTEFFTP  QSFOTB $POTJHVJ FM SFHJTUSP EFM UFMGPOP EF TV IJKP Z BT
TMP FTDVDI TV WP[ i"Q  OPT DPSSFUF MB QPMJDB  OP T TVQPRVFMBMUJNBMMBNBEBSFDJCJEBFOTVDFMVMBS BMBT
EOEFFTUOMPTEFNTNVDIBDIPT BRVFTUPZFOVOPYYPw  IPSBT EFM  EF KVMJP  GVF EFTEF MB QSPDVSBEVSB EFM FTUBEP
MF EJKP MB NBESVHBEB EFM  EF KVMJP  DVBOEP MF MMBN Z MF 1FSPOBEJFMFIJ[PDBTP
FYQMJDRVFVOBVUPNWJMMPTJOUFSDFQUBMTBMJSEFVOBOUSP &TBNBBOBGSBFO5PQJMFKP /FQP NFDPOURVFUPEBWB 
-PTKWFOFTDPSSJFSPOBMNPOUF&OTVIVEB +PSHF.BSJP EFTQVTEFNFTFTEFTJMFODJP NBSDBCBBMDFMVMBSEFTVIJKP 
FODPOUSVOBUJFOEBZVOBNVDIBDIBMFSFHBMTBMEPQBSB DPOMBFTQFSBO[BEFRVFMFDPOUFTUBSB
IBCMBSBTVDBTB
i/P UF NVFWBT EF BI  WPZ B NBOEBS B VO BNJHP EF
(VBZNBTBRVFUFSFDPKBw MFEJKPFMQBESF1FSPOPIVCPUJFN -
QP.JFOUSBTIBCMBCBDPOTVIFSNBOB +PSHF.BSJPBEWJSUJ
i`ZBWJFOFOQPSNwZDPSUMBMMBNBEB/FQPNVDFOPWPMWJ &MEFNBS[PEFGVFMPDBMJ[BEPFO5FNJYDP .PSFMPT FM
BNBSDBS EFTFTQFSBEP%FTQVTEFWBSJPTJOUFOUPTMFDPOUFTU DVFSQPEF+VBO'SBODJTDP4JDJMJB EFBPT ZPUSBTTFJTQFSTPOBT
VOIPNCSFi"RVMBTQSFHVOUBTMBTIBDFNPTOPTPUSPT TPNPT 4FHOMBQPMJDB MPTNBUBSPOQPSSFDMBNBSVOBDNBSBQFSEJEB

78 79
FOVOCBSQSPUFHJEPQPSFMDSUFMEFM1BDDP4VS VOBEFMBTPDIP &O$PBKPNVMDP MBQSJNFSBQFSOPDUB MPTQPCMBEPSFTFOUSFHB
PSHBOJ[BDJPOFTDSJNJOBMFTNTQPEFSPTBTEF.YJDP+BWJFS4JDJMJB SPOB4JDJMJBVODVJMPUF FMUSPODPEFMBPSEFMNBHVFZ TNCPMP
DPMBCPSBEPSEFMTFNBOBSJP1SPDFTPFTUBCBFO'JMJQJOBT BEPO EFMBSFTJTUFODJBEFFTFQVFCMPJOEHFOB"MEBTJHVJFOUF FOMB
EFGVFBMFFSQPFTB"ITFFOUFSEFMBNVFSUFEFTVIJKP+VBOFMP QMB[BEF5PQJMFKP FMQPFUBFTDVDIQPSQSJNFSBWF[FMUFTUJNP
4VBTFTJOBUPTFTVNBPUSPTNJMRVF QBSBFMRVJOUP OJPEF/FQPNVDFOP.PSFOP FMTPOPSFOTFEFHSVFTPNPTUBDIP
BPEFHPCJFSOPEF'FMJQF$BMEFSO FSBOFMTBMEPNTWJTJCMF ZDBCFMMPDBOP RVFMFWBOUBCBMPNTBMUPRVFQPEBTVFTUBO
EFMBiHVFSSBGSPOUBMDPOUSBFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEPwEFDMBSBEB EBSUFQBSBRVFUPEPTMPWJFSBO$VBOEPBDBCEFIBCMBS FM
QPSFMQSFTJEFOUFFOEJDJFNCSFEF QPFUBMPBCSB[-MPSBSPO
4JDJMJB VOIPNCSFQSPGVOEBNFOUFDBUMJDPZNVZJEFO
UJDBEP JEFPMHJDBNFOUF DPO MPT NPWJNJFOUPT TPDJBMFT Z FM
[BQBUJTNP DBNCJMBQPFTBQPSFMBDUJWJTNPZDPOFMHSJUP i/w
EFi`FTUBNPTIBTUBMBNBESFwDPOWPDBMBTPDJFEBEBVOB
NPWJMJ[BDJOOBDJPOBMQBSBFYJHJSBMBTBVUPSJEBEFTDBNCJBS *OTUBOUOFBEFMEPNJOHPEFNBZPEFEFTQVTEFBOEBS
MBQPMUJDBEFTFHVSJEBEZGSFOBSMBWJPMFODJBi&ODBEBQMB[B DVBUSP EBT  MMFHBNPT BM ;DBMP DPO USFT IPSBT EF SFUSBTP -B
EFMQBTEFCFIBCFSVOBNFNPSJBEFOVFTUSPTNVFSUPTFOFTUB NBSDIBTFBMBSHBBONTFOMBMUJNBQBSUF DVBOEP4JDJMJBZ
HVFSSBJNCDJM VOBNFNPSJBEFOVFTUSPIPMPDBVTUPw EJKP BO MPTNJMFTEFTFHVJEPSFTJOUFOUBOFOUSBSQPSVOBFTUSFDIBDBMMFB
UFTEFFNQSFOEFSVOBDBNJOBUBEFLJMNFUSPTBMB$JVEBE MBQMB[B RVFTFDPOWJFSUFFODVFMMPEFCPUFMMBDPOFNQVKPOFT 
EF.YJDP KBMPOFPT BSBB[PTZQBUBEBTFOUSFQFSJPEJTUBTZBDUJWJTUBT
*OTQJSBEBFOMB.BSDIBEFMB4BM RVFFOMJEFSFOMB i4POVOPTJSSFTQPOTBCMFT EFCJFSPOIBDFSVOBWBMMBBOUFT
*OEJB.BIBUNB(BOEIJ MBi$BNJOBUBEFMTJMFODJPwDPNPMF EFMMFHBSBRVw SFDMBNBVODBNBSHSBGPBVOTVEPSPTPIPN
MMBNFMQPFUB TBMJEF$VFSOBWBDBFMEFNBZP"MGSFOUF CSFRVFGPSNBQBSUFEFMDPSEOEFTFHVSJEBE
JCBO4JDJMJBZ-F#BSO DBSHBOEPVOBCBOEFSBEF.YJDP&O i4  QFSP OPTPUSPT OP TPNPT QPMUJDPT  NBOP  TPNPT TP
MB NBSDIB TF GVFSPO TVNBOEP QBESFT Z NBESFT RVF MMFHBSPO DJFEBEDJWJM6TUFEFTNFKPSBZVEFOZ`IHBOTFBVOMBEPw 
EFTEF5JKVBOB $JVEBE+VSF[ "DBQVMDPP$BODO DPOFMNJT SFTQPOEFDPOFOGBEPFMBMVEJEP KVTUPDVBOEPMBCVSCVKBEF
NPPCKFUJWPQFEJSKVTUJDJBQBSBTVTIJKPT$BNJOBSPOFMQSJNFS QSPUFDDJO TF SPNQF Z DBFNPT BQMBTUBEPT TPCSF 4JDJMJB  -F
EB  LJMNFUSPT EF TVCJEB  TPCSF FM BTGBMUP BSEJFOUF .T #BSOZFMTBDFSEPUF"MFKBOESP4PMBMJOEF SFDPOPDJEPEFGFOTPS
RVF QSPUFTUB  QBSFDB VOB QSPDFTJO i&M TJMFODJP FT VO BSNB EFNJHSBOUFTRVFTFTVNBMBNBSDIBIBDBVOBTIPSBT4P
NVZQPEFSPTB RVFQFSNJUFEFDJSMPJOEFDJCMFw NFFYQMJDFO CSFNJDBCF[BWFPBMEPNJOJDP.JHVFM$PODIB TFQUVBHFOBSJP
VOBQBSBEBFMIJTUPSJBEPSZBDUJWJTUBQPSMBQB[ 1JFUSP"NF EFGFOTPSEFEFSFDIPTIVNBOPT DPNPTJFTUVWJFSBFOVOslam
HMJP1BUFMMB BNJHPQFSTPOBMEFMQPFUB "MHVOPTEFTGBMMFDFOZTPOSFTDBUBEPT1PSO EFTQFJOBEPZ

80 81
DBTJTJOMFOUFT +BWJFS4JDJMJBTVCFBMFTUSBEPZDPNJFO[BBSF /PFTQPDPMPRVFTFNVFWFFTUFEFNBZP%FTEFVOB
QBSUJSHSJUPT GVSJPTPQPSFMDBPT QFRVFBNPOUBBEFBTGBMUP NVDIPBOUFTEFMMFHBSBM;DBMP 
i/PT SFCBT MB DBOUJEBE EF HFOUF /VODB FTQFSBNPT MP TFWFOFOMB$JVEBEEF.YJDPEPTNBSDIBTNVMUJUVEJOBSJBT 
RVFQBTw NFEJDF NFTFTEFTQVT (FSBSEP(NF[ FMIPN BNCBTFYUFOEJEBTIBTUBFMIPSJ[POUFMBRVFWBEFUSTEF4JDJ
CSFEFMDPSEOEFTFHVSJEBE QSPGFTPSEFNFEJDJOBOBUVSJTUB MJBZMBRVFWBBMGSFOUF MPTRVFTFBEFMBOUBSPO&OEJTUJOUPT
&MMMBNBEPEFMQPFUBEFTQJFSUBFMNQFUVEFVOBTPDJFEBE QVOUPTEFMDBNJOPMBHFOUFFTQFSBQBSBBQMBVEJS MMPSBS TPMJEB
DJWJMBHPUBEB)BCBEBEPGVFSUFTCBUBMMBTFO FMMUJNP SJ[BSTFDPOFMQBESFRVFTVGSF QBSBNPTUSBSTVQSPQJPDPSBKF
BPEFMHPCJFSOPEFPDVSSFODJBTEFMBQBSFKBQSFTJEFODJBMEF 1JFDPOQJFBWBO[BOMPTGBNJMJBSFTEFQFSTPOBTBTFTJOBEBT
7JDFOUF'PYZ.BSUIB4BIBHORVFMMFWBMQBTBMMPEFMB PEFTBQBSFDJEBTFOMBHVFSSBDBMEFSPOJTUB MPTBDUJWJTUBTPSH
HPCFSOBCJMJEBE1FSPMBGBMUBEFSFTQVFTUBTJOTUJUVDJPOBMFTBMBT OJDPT MPTTBDFSEPUFTQSPHSFTJTUBT MBTNBESFTEFNVKFSFTBTFTJ
EFNBOEBTDPOTVNJMBTSFTFSWBTEFMBSFTJTUFODJBPSHBOJ[BEB OBEBTPEFTBQBSFDJEBTFO$JVEBE+VSF[ MPTDBNQFTJOPTEF
{$VOUPTTPOBIPSB *NQPTJCMFTBCFSMP&M;DBMPTFMMFOB "UFODP RVF TVGSJFSPO VOB SFQSFTJO QPMJDJBM RVF EFK EPT
WBSJBTWFDFT BOUFFMSFUSBTPEFMBDBSBWBOB FMDBMPSZFMNBM NVFSUPTZNVKFSFTWJPMBEBT MB1PMJDB$PNVOJUBSJBEF(VF
TPOJEP NVDIPTTFWBO EFKBOEPQBTPBPUSPTRVFWBOZWJF SSFSP MPTJOEHFOBTQVSQFDIBTEF$IFSORVFTFBUSJODIFSB
OFONJFOUSBTEFDFOBTEFWDUJNBTTVCFOBMUFNQMFUFBDPOUBS SPOQBSBEFGFOEFSTF MPTIVJDIPMFTRVFTFPQPOFOBVOBNJOFSB
TVEPMPSQPSQSJNFSBWF[ FOTVUJFSSBTBHSBEB MBTSFTFSWBTEFMPUSPSBQPEFSPTP4JOEJDBUP
 6OB NVKFS EFOVODJB RVF QPS FYJHJS KVTUJDJB QPS MB WJP .FYJDBOPEF&MFDUSJDJTUBT MPTNJHSBOUFT MPTQBESFTEFMPT
MBDJOEFTVIJKBDPOEJTDBQBDJEBE FMQSPDVSBEPSEF+BMJTDP OJPTDBMDJOBEPTFOMBHVBSEFSB"#$ MPTBDUJWJTUBTUVJUFSPT 
MBBNFOB[6OQBESFDVFOUBRVFTVIJKPGVFTFDVFTUSBEPFO MPTFTUVEJBOUFTZMPTTPCSFWJWJFOUFTEFMBNBTBDSFEFJOE
.POUFSSFZ BEPOEFGVFBFTUVEJBS6OBBCVFMBQJEFBZVEB HFOBTEF"DUFBM
QBSB FODPOUSBS B TV OJFUP EFTBQBSFDJEP FO 3FZOPTB 0USB -B QSPUFTUB TF SFQMJDB FO  QBTFT Z FO  DJVEBEFT EFM
KPWFOBGJSNBRVFTVFTQPTPZDPNQBFSPTEFUSBCBKP QBT-BNTOVNFSPTBFTFO4BO$SJTUCBMEFMBT$BTBTEPO
UPEPTWFOEFEPSFTEFQJOUVSBEFTBQBSFDJFSPOFO1JFESBT EF TF NPWJMJ[BSPO  NJM [BQBUJTUBT  TV QSJNFSB SFBQBSJDJO
/FHSBT EFTQVTEFTFSEFUFOJEPTQPSQPMJDBTKVEJDJBMFT4JMWJB QCMJDBEFTEFi&TUBNPTBRVQBSBEFDJSMFTBFTBTCVF
&TDBMFSB FTQPTBEFMFNQSFTBSJP/FMTPO7BSHBT DMBNBBMPTTF OBT QFSTPOBT RVF FO TJMFODJP DBNJOBO RVF OP FTUO TPMPT
DVFTUSBEPSFTZBTFTJOPTEFTVIJKBiHOFOTFVOQPDPEFQFSEOZ 2VFFTDVDIBNPTFMEPMPSEFTVTJMFODJPDPNPBOUFTMBEJHOB
EFWVFMWBOMPTDVFSQPT SFHSFTFOBMPTWJWPTw SBCJBEFTVTQBMBCSBTw EJDFFMDPNBOEBOUF%BWJE RVJFOMFF
%VSBOUFWBSJBTIPSBTTFIJMBONTEFUFTUJNPOJPTEF FMDPNVOJDBEPEFMHSVQPSFCFMEF
EPMPSZEFSBCJB JOUFSSVNQJEPTDVBOEPMMFHBOMPTDBNJOBO &OFM;DBMP MBBDUJWJTUBKVBSFOTF 0MHB3FZFT RVJFODBS
UFTEF$VFSOBWBDB HBBDVFTUBTFMBTFTJOBUPEFTFJTGBNJMJBSFT Z1BUSJDJB%VBSUF 

82 83
NBESF EF "OEST "MPOTP  WDUJNB EF MB OFHMJHFODJB FO MB i+BWJFS OP RVJTP SPNQFS DPO TV WJEB QBTBEB /BEJF MP
(VBSEFSB"#$ MFFOVOEPDVNFOUPQPMUJDPSFEBDUBEPQPS QVFEFDSJUJDBSQPSFTP QFSPEFTEFVOBQUJDBQPMUJDBGVF
BDBENJDPTZEJSJHFOUFTEFPSHBOJ[BDJPOFTDFSDBOPTB4JDJMJB  VONPNFOUPFOFMRVFOPRVJTPBTVNJSMBEJSFDDJOEFBMHP
DPNPFMFYQSFTJEFOUFEFMB$PNJTJOEF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPT NBZPSw  NF EJDF  NVDIP UJFNQP EFTQVT  .BHEJFM 4O
EFM%JTUSJUP'FEFSBM &NJMJPMWBSF[*DB[B DIF[ VOKPWFOMTPGPEFBPT ZVOPEFMPTQJMBSFTEFM
&M1BDUP/BDJPOBMQSPQPOF
SFTDBUBSMBNFNPSJBEFMBT HSVQPEVSBOUFFM
WDUJNBTEFMBWJPMFODJB
DBNCJBSMBFTUSBUFHJBNJMJUBSQPS -BDPOWJWFODJBFOUSFMVDIBEPSFTTPDJBMFT BDUJWJTUBTZWD
VOBEFTFHVSJEBEDJVEBEBOB
DPNCBUJSMBJNQVOJEBE DP UJNBT OPFTTFODJMMB&M.PWJNJFOUPQPSMB1B[DPO+VTUJDJBZ
SSVQDJOZFMJNJOBSFMGVFSPEFMPTGVODJPOBSJPT
DPNCBUJS %JHOJEBEDPNPOBMNFOUFTFBVUPOPNCSBFMDPMFDUJWP
MBTOBO[BTEFMDSJNFO
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GPSUB TFDPOTUSVZFTPCSFVOFOUSBNBEPEFJOUFSFTFTEJWFSTPT RVF
MFDFSMBEFNPDSBDJBQBSUJDJQBUJWBDPOQMFCJTDJUP DBOEJEBUVSBT OPMPHSBODPJODJEJSFOBHFOEBDPNO
DJVEBEBOBTZSFWPDBDJOEFNBOEBUP -PT QSJNFSPT QSPCMFNBT TVSHFO EBT EFTQVT EF MB NBS
&MQPFUBBOVODJBVOBDBSBWBOBB$JVEBE+VSF[ iFMFQJ DIBBM;DBMP&MBDBENJDP+PIO"DLFSNBOZFMHSVQPEF
DFOUSPEFMEPMPSw QBSBSNBSFMQBDUPZSFDPHFSUFTUJNPOJPT DBSJDBUVSJTUBTRVFEFTEFFOFSPEFJNQVMTBMBDBNQBB
EFWDUJNBTFODJVEBEFTB[PMBEBTQPSMBWJPMFODJB&OVOJN i/PNTTBOHSFwQBSBGSFOBSMBWJPMFODJB SFDIB[BODVBMRVJFS
QVMTP TPSQSFOEFBUPEPTDPOMBFYJHFODJBEFMBSFOVODJBEFM EJMPHPDPOMBTBVUPSJEBEFTZTFCBKBOEFMCBSDPDBSBWBOFSP
TFDSFUBSJPEF4FHVSJEBE1CMJDB'FEFSBM-BQMB[BSFTQPOEF &EVBSEP(BMMP FNQSFTBSJPDPOWFSUJEPFOBDUJWJTUBEFTEFFM
DPOVOHSJUPJOFTQFSBEPi'VFSB$BMEFSOw BTFTJOBUP EF TV IJKB  FO KVMJP EF   Z RVF BDPNQB B
"M OBM EFM EB NF FODVFOUSP DPO /FQPNVDFOP .PSF 4JDJMJBFOMBDBNJOBUBBM%' EFDJEFOPTFHVJSMPB+VSF[QPS
OP $BNJOB TPMP  DPO TV JOTFQBSBCMF DBSUFM 5JFOF FM SPTUSP RVF OP BQSVFCB TV FTUSBUFHJB 0USBT PSHBOJ[BDJPOFT DJWJMFT
DPMPSBEPQPSFMTPMZBOEBBQVSBEP EFCFDPOTFHVJSEJOFSP EF EFSFDIPT IVNBOPT  TF EJTUBODJBSO QSPHSFTJWBNFOUF  USBT
QBSBSFHSFTBSB4POPSBi4 WBMJMBQFOBFMWJBKFw NFBMDBO[B DVFTUJPOBSMBWFSUJDBMJEBEFOMBUPNBEFEFDJTJPOFT RVFTFDPO
BEFDJS DFOUSBOFOFMFRVJQPNTDFSDBOPEFMQPFUB
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*** OPT DPNVOFT  DPNP (FSBSEP (NF[  RVJFO GVF NBFTUSP EF
"QFTBSEFMBEFNBOEBEFNJMFT 4JDJMJBOPFODFOEFSMBTBO +VBOFMP$VBOEPTVQPEFMBTFTJOBUP TFTVNBMBDBNJOBUB
UPSDIBTRVFBOVODJBOUFTEFTBMJSEF$VFSOBWBDB-BHFOUF DPOTVGBNJMJBZBQBSUJSEFFOUPODFT UPEBFMMBFTQBSUFEF
TFRVFEBSFTQFSBOEPMBEFTPCFEJFODJBDJWJMZSFGVOEBDJO MBMPHTUJDBEFMNPWJNJFOUP
EFMQBTRVFBOVODJBFODBEBFOUSFWJTUB&ODBNCJP BDFQUB i.VDIPT EF MPT RVF OPT JOUFHSBNPT SBNPT DJVEBEBOPT
MPTHVJPTEFMFKFDVUJWPGFEFSBMQBSBEJBMPHBS RVFFTUCBNPTFOOVFTUSBTDBTBTZOPUFOBNPTOJOHVOBFY

84 85
QFSJFODJBFOFTUPSFNFNPSB&MEBEFM;DBMP MBHVBSEJB TFMPTTFDVFTUSPT MBTFYUPSTJPOFT MPTBTFTJOBUPT QPSFMNJFEP
EFTFHVSJEBEMBGPSNCBNPTNJFTQPTB NJTIJKBT NJIJKP  B MPT EFMJODVFOUFT Z B MBT BVUPSJEBEFT 5PEPT MMPSBNPT FTB
BNJHPTZVOPTFTUVEJBOUFTEFMB6/". DPOVOMJTUOw OPDIF)BTUBMPTDPOEVDUPSFTEFMPTBVUPCVTFTDPOUBSPOMBT
0USPTTPOMPTQBESFTZNBESFTIVSGBOPTEFTVTIJKPTRVF IJTUPSJBTEFUFSSPSWJWJEBTFOMBTDBSSFUFSBTUPNBEBTQPSDSJ
FODVFOUSBOFOTVTQBSFTVOBTFHVOEBGBNJMJB&TPVOFBQFS NJOBMFT-PTEFDBQJUBEPTFOMB"VUPQJTUBEFM4PM MPTSFUFOFT
TPOBTUBOEJTUJOUBTDPNPFMSFDJPZNBMIBCMBEPDBNBSPOFSP DMBOEFTUJOPT MBTFYUPSTJPOFTBUSBOTQPSUJTUBT MPTiIBMDPOFTw
EF4POPSB Z5FSFTB$BSNPOB VOBNVKFSNFOVEJUB RVFTF FOMBTDBSSFUFSBT FMBTFTJOBUPEFVODPMFHB
EJTUJOHVFFOUSFMPTPUSPTQPSRVFTJFNQSFMMFWBVOBPSZVOB %FTEF MB QSJNFSB NBSDIB DPOWPDBEB QPS FM QPFUB  FM 
QBODBSUBDPOMBGPUPEFTVIJKP+PBRVO BTFTJOBEPFOMB$JV EFBCSJM 4JDJMJBIBTVNBEPBTVDBVTBBDJFOUPTEFWDUJNBT
EBEEF.YJDP&MMBDPNP/FQPTFVOJBMBDBSBWBOBEFM RVF SPNQJFSPO FM TJMFODJP Z IBO QVFTUP BM QBT GSFOUF B VO
QPFUBEFTEFMFKPT $BODO EPOEFEFKBUSTTVWJEB FTQFKPEFIPSSPS:BOPTFMFTFQBSB.BSB)FSSFSB MBNVKFS
EFTHBSSBEBQPSMBQSEJEBEFDVBUSPIJKPTRVFFONVEFDJMB
QMB[BEF.PSFMJB/PFTMBOJDB$BEBUFTUJNPOJPUJSBQPS
- MBCPSEBMBBSNBDJOEFMQSFTJEFOUFEFRVFMBTNVFSUFTEF
DJWJMFTJOPDFOUFTTPOFMQPSDJFOUP
.POUFSSFZTFWVFMWFVOMVHBSEFQBSBEPKBT"RVOPIBZCVF i&M  EF BCSJM OP TMP BTFTJOBSPO B VO KPWFO JOPDFOUF 
OPTOJNBMPT5PEPTTFNBUBO:UPEPTMMPSBO&TDVDIBNPT EFTUSVZFSPO B VOB GBNJMJBw  SFTQPOEF FO .POUFSSFZ FM FN
BQBESFTRVFEFOVODJBOBQPMJDBTQPSEFTBQBSFDFS UPSUVSBS QSFTBSJPMBHVOFSP0UJMJP$BOU DVZPIJKPGVFBTFTJOBEPQPS
Z NBUBS B TVT IJKPT &OUSFWJTUBNPT B FTQPTBT P NBESFT EF NJMJUBSFTRVFMVFHPQSFUFOEJFSPOJODSJNJOBSMP
QPMJDBTEFTBQBSFDJEPT &M NJUJO FO MB DBQJUBM SFHJB UFSNJOB B MB NFEJBOPDIF Z
-B$BSBWBOBEFM$POTVFMP BTMMBNBEPFMQFSJQMPEFWD FM QPFUB BOVODJB VOB NBSDIB B MB 1SPDVSBEVSB EF +VTUJDJB
UJNBTIBDJBFMOPSUF QBTBQPSBRVFMEFKVOJPEF USFT &TUBUBM&MHSVQPDBNJOBQPSDBMMFTPTDVSBT TFHVJEPQPSOFS
EBTEFTQVTEFBSSBODBSEFMDFOUSPEFMQBT WJPTPTQPMJDBT$POMPTGBNJMJBSFTFOUSBOBMBSFVOJO+BWJFS
-BQBSBEBQSFWJB FO%VSBOHP GVFDBUSUJDB%FDFOBTEF 4JDJMJBZ&NJMJPMWBSF[*DB[B HFTUPSEFMFODVFOUSP-PTDBSB
QFSTPOBTTBMJFSPOBMBTDBMMFTBHSJUBSEFBOHVTUJBBOUFMBMMFHBEB WBOFSPTTFJOTUBMBOFOMBTFTDBMFSBT&MFODVFOUSPTFQSPMPOHB
EFMPTBVUPCVTFTZWFIDVMPTRVFGPSNBOMBDBSBWBOB NTEFEPTIPSBT
.VDIPTFTQFSBSPOFOMBDBSSFUFSB/PBMDBO[BCBOMBTNBOPT "GVFSB FMTJMCJEPEFVOBBVUBTFNF[DMBDPOMPTUBNCP
EFMPTBDUJWJTUBTQBSBSFHJTUSBSMBTEFOVODJBTZMBTMJCSFUBTEF SFT/JDPMFZ.FSBMZ(NF[ EPTOJBTRVFWJBKBODPOTVT
MPTQFSJPEJTUBTTFDPOWJSUJFSPOFOIPKBTEFSFHJTUSP&SBMBQSJ QBESFT DBOUBOTVIJNOPiMPTDBSBWBOPTMMFHBSPOZBZMMF
NFSBWF[RVFIBCMBCBOFOQCMJDPBOUFTUVWJFSPORVFUSBHBS HBSPOEJDJFOEPCBTUBZBCBTUBZB CBTUBZB CBTUBZBOPRVFSF

86 87
NPTMBHVFSSB TMBQB[w&M.JNP:BZP VOQBZBTPBDVDIPEF QPFUB-BNVKFSFTDPOPDJEBQPSRVFEFTQVTEFRVFTVTEPT
QFMPFTQPOKBEP BOJNBVOCBJMFRVFUFSNJOBSFOQBDIBOHB IJKPTGVFSPOBTFTJOBEPTFOVOBFTUBFO7JMMBTEF4BMWSDBS 
7FPBMDIJIVBIVFOTF+VMJO-F#BSONPWJOEPTFBMSJUNP BMQPOJFOUFEFMBDJVEBE FODBSBMQSFTJEFOUF$BMEFSOZMF
EFi(VBOUBOBNFSBwZQJFOTPRVFZBOPJNQPSUBMPPDVSSJEP SFDMBNRVFMPTDVMQBSBEFQBOEJMMFSPT/PGVFMBQSJNFSB 
BEFOUSP-BIJTUPSJBFTUFOFTUBSFCFMJOBMEPMPSZBMNJFEP OJMBOJDBWF[RVFFMNBOEBUBSJPDVMQBBMBTWDUJNBTEFTV
1PSRVFEFTQVTEFMMPSBSUBOUP FOFTUBNBESVHBEBSFHJB QSPQJBNVFSUF
TMPDBCFMBSJTBZFTUBJNQSVEFOUFJSSFWFSFODJBRVFOPTMMFW 1FSPBMHPGBMMBFO+VSF[-BTNFTBTEFEJTDVTJO JEFBEBT
BDBNJOBSBNFEJBOPDIFQPSVOBEFMBTDJVEBEFTNTQFMJ QBSBEFOJSMBSVUBFTUSBUHJDBEFDBEBVOPEFMPTQVOUPTEFM
HSPTBTEFMQBTi/PTPUSPTWBNPTBHBOBSQPSRVFBOVFTUSP 1BDUP/BDJPOBMQSPQVFTUPFOFM;DBMPFMEFNBZP DVFTUJP
EPMPSZBMFQPEFNPTBHSFHBSBMFHSB:FTBTEPTDPTBTKVOUBT OBOMBSFMBDJOEFMNPWJNJFOUPDPOFMQSFTJEFOUF$BMEFSO
TFMMBNBOWJEBw EJDF-F#BSOBMEBTJHVJFOUF FOVONJUJO -B PQPSUVOJEBE RVF 4JDJMJB EB BM EJMPHP DPO BVUPSJEBEFT
FO5PSSFO DJVEBEDPODJFOUPTEFQFSTPOBTEFTBQBSFDJEBT BNFOB[BMBSVQUVSB
i{4BCFO QPS RV FTUPZ NT TFHVSP RVF OVODB EF RVF MB &OFMMBSHVTJNPEPDVNFOUPEFUSBCBKPEFQVOUPTRVF
WJEBMFWBBHBOBSBMBNVFSUF 1PSRVFBZFSFOMBOPDIF EFT TFMFFDPNPSFMBUPSBFTUFEFKVOJP QBTBDBTJEFTBQFSDJCJEB
QVTEFNJMLJMNFUSPTEFDBNJOP BFTUBDBSBWBOBMFTBMJF MB-FZEF7DUJNBT QSJPSJEBEEFMNPWJNJFOUP ZTFPNJUFMB
SPOBMBTy{%OEFFTUBCBFMNJFEPBOPDIF -BHVFSSBTFGVFB USBHFEJBEFMPTEFTBQBSFDJEPT&ODBNCJP MPTNFEJPTEFTUB
EPSNJSEVSBOUFBMHVOBTIPSBT2VFMFWBOUFMBNBOPFMTJDBSJP DBOMBEFTNJMJUBSJ[BDJOJONFEJBUBZFMKVJDJPQPMUJDPB'FMJ
RVFFTUFOUSFOPTPUSPT{/BEJF {"MHOTFDVFTUSBEPS "VO QF$BMEFSO RVFMVFHP4JDJMJBEFTNFOUJS
RVFMPIVCJFSBOPTFBUSFWFSBBMFWBOUBSMBNBOPw JOTJTUF 1BSBBUFNQFSBSMPTOJNPT 4JDJMJBFMJHFFMQPFNBiUBDBw
/FQPNVDFOP.PSFOPMPFTDVDIBBUFOUP TFOUBEPFOMBTHSBEBT EFM HSJFHP ,BWBT i5FO TJFNQSF FO UV NFOUF B UBDB -B
EFMUFBUSPBMBJSFMJCSFEPOEFTFSFBMJ[BFMNJUJOi&TF-F#BSOFT MMFHBEBBMMFTUVEFTUJOP1FSPOPBQSFTVSFTUVWJBKFFOBC
CVFOP ZPRVJTJFSBIBCMBSBTDPNPMw EJDF FOUPOPSFFYJWP TPMVUPw
"QBSUJSEFBIPSB FMNPWJNJFOUPEFWDUJNBTNBMBCBSFB
FOUSF MB NPWJMJ[BDJO TPDJBM RVF JNQVMTBO BDUJWJTUBT DPNP
- 1JFUSP"NFHMJPP.JHVFMMWBSF[(OEBSB EJSFDUPSEF4FS
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4JFUFEBTZNJMLJMNFUSPTEFTQVTEFTBMJSEFMB$JV HPCJFSOP RVFQSPNVFWFOBDBENJDPTDPNP"MWBSF[*DB[BZ
EBE EF .YJDP  MB DBSBWBOB MMFHB B $JVEBE +VSF[  EPOEF $MBSB+VTJENBO EFTUBDBEBJOWFTUJHBEPSBEFQPMUJDBTPDJBM
DJFOUPTEFQFSTPOBTTBMFOBMBTDBMMFTQBSBBUFTUJHVBSFMNP 4JDJMJBFYQMJDBSWBSJBTWFDFTRVFBNCBTFTUSBUFHJBTTPOMPT
NFOUP FO FM RVF -V[ .BSB %WJMB MF DPMPDB VO SPTBSJP BM EPTQJFTEFM.PWJNJFOUPQPSMB1B[ZRVFTUFBWBO[BDVBOEP

88 89
BOEBOBMNJTNPSJUNP4JVOPWBNTEFQSJTB FMFTGVFS[P -PT SFDMBNPT EF MPT EFVEPT QBTBO B TFHVOEP USNJOP
iWBMESNBESFw DVBOEPFMQPFUB FOVOHFTUPFTQPOUOFP CFTBBMQSFTJEFOUF
1BSBCJFOZQBSBNBM FMQPFUBUJFOFTJFNQSFMBMUJNBQB -PT SFFDUPSFT DBNCJBO EF PCKFUJWP  Z MB EJTDVTJO QCMJDB
MBCSB:QBSBNVDIPT FMNPWJNJFOUPTFDPOWJFSUFFOFMFTUB EFMBTQSYJNBTTFNBOBTFTUBSFOFMCFTP RVFQBSBNVDIPT
EPEFOJNPEF+BWJFS4JDJMJB FT DPNP FM iCFTP EF +VEBTw 4JDJMJB  IPNCSF EF QSPGVOEBT
i/PIBZUJFNQPQBSBDPOTUSVJSVOMJEFSB[HPDPMFDUJWP: DPOWJDDJPOFTDBUMJDBT MPEFGFOEFSBQBSUJSEFMDPOTQJSBUJP 
NFOPT VO SFMFWPw  FYQMJDB $BSMPT $SV[  EJSFDUPS EF $BVDF FTFJOUFSDBNCJPEFBMJFOUPTEFMBQSJNFSBMJUVSHJBDSJTUJBOB
$JVEBEBOP VOBEFMBTPSHBOJ[BDJPOFTMBJDBTNTBDUJWBT

*** -
%FTQVTEF+VSF[ FMHSVQPTFDPODFOUSBFOQSFQBSBSFMEJ
MPHPQSPQVFTUPQPSFMQSFTJEFOUF$BMEFSO RVFTFQSPHSBNB /FQPNVDFOP.PSFOPMMFHBBQSFTVSBEPBMSFTUBVSBOUFZTFTJFO
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IJKPT MBNBESFEFVOQPMJDBEFTBQBSFDJEP FMSFQSFTFOUBOUFEFM i4 FTUPZDPOUFOUPw EJDF NJFOUSBTBMNVFS[BVOPTDIJMB
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RVJFOFTOPUJFOFOVOBUVNCBEPOEFMMPSBSTVTNVFSUPT RVJF WPMBTGPUPHSBGBTEFTVIJKP&TVOBNBOB$PNPTJBMFOTF
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MB1B[ RVFBIPSBBOVODJBJSBMTVS FMBDUJWJTNPEFMPTQBESFTFTBMHPRVFMMBNBMBBUFODJO-BT

90 91
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4POWBSJPTMPTRVFCVTDBO&MWFSBDSV[BOP$BSMPT$BTUSP BM[BNJFOUP[BQBUJTUBEF OPTFIBCBWJTUPVOBBDUJWJEBE
DBNJOBFOMBTNBSDIBTDPOVOBFOPSNFNBOUBRVFNVFTUSB UBOGVFSUFDPNPBIPSB&O0DPTJOHP FMEFTFQUJFNCSF 
MBTGPUPHSBGBTEFDVBUSPNVKFSFTTVFTQPTB +PTFOB$BNQJ GSBZ(PO[BMP*UVBSUF IFSFEFSPEFMBMVDIBEF4BNVFM3VJ[ 
MMP TVTEPTIJKBT +PBOBZ$BSMB Z"SBDFMJ6USFSB USBCBKBEPSB PGSFDFVOBDFSFNPOJBFOU[PU[JM&OMBWTQFSB FOFM5FBUSPEF
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TVHSBOBMUVSBZUSBUPBNBCMF (BMWOOPGBMMBBVOBDJUBEFM "DUFBM MBDPNVOJEBEEPOEFGVFSPONBTBDSBEPTJOEHF
NPWJNJFOUPZFT RVJ[ RVJFOEFOFDPONTDMBSJEBEMBJN OBTFOEJDJFNCSFEF0USPHSVQPTFRVFEDPO4JDJMJB
QPSUBODJBEFMNPWJNJFOUPEFWDUJNBTi"OUFTEFFTUBSBRV  QBSBFODPOUSBSTFDPOMB+VOUBEF#VFO(PCJFSOPEF0WFOUJD
FMFYQFEJFOUFEFNJIJKPFSBVOBDVBSUJMMB"IPSBUJFOFNT /FQPNVDFOP.PSFOPFTUFOFTUFHSVQPZBOUFTEFFOUSBS 
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UFSSFZ%VFSNFFOFMTVFMP DPNFUPSUBTEFKBNOZTFCBBDPO TVEJHOJEBEZQSFTVNFVOBTGPUPTFMMPTDPOQBTBNPOUBBT M
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QPNVDFOP.PSFOPTFIBOIFDIPBNJHPT&MDBSDUFSGSBODP NFEJPDBNJOP OPFTDMBSPFMPCKFUJWPEFFTUBSVUB:MBDP
EFMTPOPSFOTF BDJPOBEPBMPTDIJTUFTiQFMBPTw MPTIBDFSFS CFSUVSBNFEJUJDBCBKB
FONFEJPEFMEPMPS &O$JVEBE)JEBMHP 4JDJMJBFOGVSFDFDPOMBTQSFHVOUBT
i&MNPWJNJFOUPOPTIBIFDIPGVFSUFTw NFEJDF/FQP FOMB EFEPTSFQPSUFSPTi"RVBOBEJFTFMFUSBFBMBGVFS[BTJMFT
QBSBEBEF&M$BNBSO QBSFDFRVFTPNPTNBKBEFSPTQVFEFOJSTF OPTPUSPTOPMPTJO
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92 93
IBTUBFMDBOTBODJPFOMBUFMFWJTJO4JDJMJBOFDFTJUBBMPTNF i%JPTOPMPRVJFSB QFSPDBTJOVODBNFFRVJWPDPNFWBOBNBUBS
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1PSRVF4JDJMJBOPFTTMPVOQBESFRVFMMPSBPVOQPFUBRVF RVFFOFTUFQBTFYJHJSKVTUJDJBQVFEFTFSDPOEFOBEFNVFSUF
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QPMUJDPRVFOPRVJFSFTFSQPMUJDPi5BNCJOTPZWDUJNBw  UFMFWBOUBTZQJFOTBT&OUPEPFMEBOPEFKBTEFQFOTBS:PBOEP
SFDMBNBDPOTUBOUFNFOUF DPOFMMPTUPEPFMUJFNQPFO)FSNPTJMMPMPTUSBJHPFOFMDBSSP MPT
MMFWPBMBNJTB QMBUJDPDPOFMMPTywEJDFSFSJOEPTFBMPTNVDIB
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- 1FSPBIWPZBFTUBS OPMFIBDF TJNFWPZDPOM QVFTOPMFIBDFw

-BNJDIPBDBOB.BSB)FSSFSBPSHBOJ[BBMPTQBESFTZNBESFT
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IFDIPVOCBSRVJUPEFSVFEBTQBMVDIBSTPCSFMBDBSSFUFSB DP FTUDPOWFSUJEBFODBNQPTBOUP$JODPNJMDSVDFT PSFTZ
QVFTZBOPTFQVFEFWJWJSFOMBHVFSSBw WFMBEPSBTDVCSFOFMTNCPMPEFMBOBDJONFYJDBOBJOEFQFO
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EFCJEFKBSTVUSBCBKP$BTJBMOBM DPOFTBVOQSFTFOUJNJFOUP NOJDPRVFIBBDPNQBBEPMBTNPWJMJ[BDJPOFT

94 95
4JMBHVSBEFQBESFEPMJFOUFEF4JDJMJBFYQMJDBMBJODPS QMB[B GSFOUFBM1BMBDJPEF(PCJFSOPEF.PSFMPT 3PDBUP#BCMPU 
QPSBDJOEFPUSPTDPNPM TVBCJFSUPDBUPMJDJTNPSFBDUJWFM BNJHPZFEJUPSEFMQPFUB QSFQBSVOBMBSHBKPSOBEBEFBDUJWJEBEFT
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MBTWDUJNBT3QJEPOPTBDPTUVNCSBNPTBWFSTPUBOBT DSV QFSTPOBTQBTFBOZSFO BKFOBTBMBEFTHSBDJBZBMBPSHBOJ[BDJO
DFTZFTDBQVMBSJPT ZFTDPUJEJBOBMBQSFTFODJBEFSFMJHJPTPTEF 4JDJMJBIBDFVODPSUFEFDBKBFOVOBP FMNPWJNJFOUP
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:IBZVOBUFSDFSBEJNFOTJOEFMNPWJNJFOUPEFWDUJNBT FODVFOUSPTDPOFMFKFDVUJWP VOPDPOFMMFHJTMBUJWPZVOBBV
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i&TUFNPWJNJFOUPFTEFMBSHPQMB[P QPSRVFMPRVFTFFTU NBOPT5JFOFQSFTFODJBFOFTUBEPTZPUSBTDJVEBEFTEF
CVTDBOEP FT VOB USBOTGPSNBDJO QSPGVOEB  RVF SFBMNFOUF QBTFT DPOBDDJPOFTBQPZBEBTQPSPSHBOJ[BDJPOFTDJWJMFT
UPRVFMPTDPSB[POFTEFMBHFOUFw BTFHVSBFMBDUPS%BOJFM(J ZDPMFDUJWPTMPDBMFTFJOUFSOBDJPOBMFTEFBDUPSFT DSFBEPSFT QF
NOF[$BDIP VOPEFTVTQSJODJQBMFTBMJBEPT SJPEJTUBT Z EPDVNFOUBMJTUBT "EFNT  FTU FO DVSTP MB -FZ
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SPKPTBOHSFMBTGVFOUFT CPSEBSPOMPTOPNCSFTEFMPTBVTFOUFT i/PEFKBSFNPTEFDBNJOBSw BEWJFSUFFMQPFUB
PDPMHBSPONVFDPTEFUSBQP FOSFQSFTFOUBDJOBMPTBTFTJ .TRVFMBOVNFSBMJB MBQSJODJQBMWJSUVEEFMNPWJNJFOUP
OBEPTEFMTFYFOJP FOQVFOUFTEF.POUFWJEFPZ#BSDFMPOB GVFQPOFSFOMBBHFOEBEFMQBTBMBTWDUJNBTEFMBHVFSSB
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MPT[BQBUPTEFMPUSPw VOBTFSJFEFTQPUTEPOEFSFDPOPDJEPTBDUPSFT  MFDUJWPTZDJVEBEBOPTRVFFTUBCBOBMFUBSHBEPT:BOPQVEP
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EFBMHVOBWDUJNB&OUSFFMMPT FMEF/FQPNVDFOP.PSFOP &OGFCSFSPEF -F#BSO RVJFOIBCBTJEPQJMBSEFM
HSVQP IJ[PQCMJDBTVEFDJTJOEFEFTWJODVMBSTFEFMNPWJ
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&TUFEFNBS[PEF DVBOEPTFDVNQMFVOBPEFMBTF i4J KVFHBT DPO BMHVJFO Z OVODB MF QVFEFT HBOBS QPSRVF
TJOBUPEF+VBO'SBODJTDP4JDJMJB FTVOEBEFDPOUSBTUFT&OMB TJFNQSFIBDFDIBQV[BTPTPCPSOBBMPTSCJUSPT MBTPMVDJOFT

96 97
OPKVHBSw FYQMJDBFMDIJIVBIVFOTFi&YJHJSMFBMBBVUPSJEBE MBKVTUJDJBQBSBTV+PSHF.BSJP%BTBOUFTIBCBEJDIPRVF
FTDPNPEBSMFMBUJHB[PTBVOBNVMBNVFSUBPCPSSBDIB/P QFOTBCBJSTFB5JKVBOB QPSRVFIBCBOBSSFDJBEPMBTBNFOB
TF NVFWF  QPSRVF OP QVFEF &MMPT MPT HPCFSOBOUFT
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ZQBSBMBTQSPQJBTFYQFDUBUJWBTRVFIBCBHFOFSBEP QFSPBTTF FTUOEFTBQBSFDJEPT/JOHODBTPTFIBSFTVFMUP
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UJWP FTMBGBMUBEFDBQBDJEBEQBSBBUFOEFSFMESBNBOBDJPOBM #SFUDIi1SJNFSPTFMMFWBSPOBMPTKVEPT QFSPDPNPZPOP
&MQSPQJP4JDJMJBMPBENJUFFOVOBPTFSFHJTUSBSPONTEF FSBKVEP OPNFJNQPSU%FTQVTTFMMFWBSPOBMPTDPNVOJT
DBTPT BTFMFTFTUEBOEPTFHVJNJFOUPZTMPVOPFM UBT QFSPDPNPZPOPFSBDPNVOJTUB UBNQPDPNFJNQPSU
EFMFTUSFTVFMUP -VFHPTFMMFWBSPOBMPTPCSFSPT QFSPDPNPZPOPFSBPCSFSP
&OFMQBTOPIBZUSFHVB%FTEFFMIPNJDJEJPEF+VBOFMP  UBNQPDPNFJNQPSU.TUBSEFTFMMFWBSPOBMPTJOUFMFDUVB
TFTVNBSPONJMBTFTJOBUPTBMTFYFOJPEFMBNVFSUF MFT QFSPDPNPZPOPFSBJOUFMFDUVBM UBNQPDPNFJNQPSU
"IPSBWJFOFOQPSN QFSPZBFTEFNBTJBEPUBSEFw
***
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:EBTEFTQVT BQMFOBMV[EFMEBZBVOBTDVBESBTEFM
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4JFUFEJTQBSPTDFHBSPOTVWJEB'VFBTFTJOBEPTJORVFMMFHBSB

98 99
5

.BSDFMB5VSBUJ
Marcela Turati es una periodista que escribe desde una mirada
social y con enfoque de derechos humanos. Es reportera de la
revista Proceso. Es cofundadora de la Red de Periodistas de a
Pie. Autora del libro 'VFHP$SV[BEPMBTWDUJNBTBUSBQBEBT
FOMBHVFSSBEFMOBSDP (Grijalbo) y co-autora de los libros colec-
tivos .JHSBDJPOFTWFNPTJOGBODJBTOPTBCFNPT (Ririki), -B
HVFSSBQPS+VSF[ (Planeta), NJHSBOUFT (Almada, frontera
press), -BMFZEFMDVFSOP (Puntocero), -PTHFOFSBMFT(Planeta),
/VFTUSBBQBSFOUFSFOEJDJO (Grijalbo) y BPTQPSUPEBTMBT
NVKFSFT (GIRE). Fue finalista del premio Nuevo Periodismo de
la FNPI y Cemex con una serie sobre la muerte de 14 migrantes BBKPMBTPNCSBEFVOGSPOEPTPSCPM FOFMKBSEOEFMBDBTB
en el desierto de Arizona. Coordin la serie sobre nios jornale- EFSFUJSPTFTQJSJUVBMFTFOMBTBGVFSBTEFM%JTUSJUP'FEFSBM VO
ros que gan el premio Amrica Latina y los Objetivos de Desa- HSVQP EF NBESFT DPO IJKPT EF EFTBQBSFDJEPT  Z VO QBS EF
rrollo del Milenio, del PNUD y la agencia IPS. Gan el Premio WBSPOFT DPNQBSUFOTVTGSVTUSBEBTFYQFSJFODJBTEFCTRVFEB
Alemn de Periodismo Walter Reuter por dos reportajes sobre ZNBMEJDFOFMNVSPEFMBOFHMJHFODJBHVCFSOBNFOUBMDPOFM
familias que se organizan para buscar a sus familiares desapa- RVFIBOUPQBEP"MSFDPOPDFSTFIVSGBOPTEFBVUPSJEBEFTTF
recidos. Ha sido becaria de las fundaciones FNPI (Colombia), BCSFQBTPVOBQSPQVFTUB
Avina (Brasil), Prensa y Democracia (Mxico) y Dart Center 4BCFNPTRVFIBZDBWFSOBT TJFSSBT TFNCSBEPT CPEF
(EU). Sus textos han aparecido en diversas antologas latinoa- HBTEPOEFUJFOFOTFDVFTUSBEBTBNVDIBTQFSTPOBTZBVORVF
mericanas. En 2004 y 2005 recorri redacciones de Latinoa- TF EB BWJTP B MB BVUPSJEBE  OP IBDF OBEB &T NPNFOUP EF
mrica en busca de las claves para hacer un periodismo que no QMBOFBSVOUSBCBKPEFDBNQPQBSBJSUPEPTBSFTDBUBSMBT
se quede en la denuncia, que abra caminos de esperanza y vas -B JEFB BUJ[B MBT CSBTBT EF MPT DPSB[POFT EF MBT NVKFSFT
para transformar la realidad, de cuyos apuntes naci el blog QSFTFOUFT
Periodismo de esperanza. El presente libro, del cual es motor y /PRVFEBEFPUSBMBTGBNJMJBTWBNPTBUFOFSRVFJSCBKP
coordinadora, es un intento por materializar ese periodismo que OVFTUSPTSFDVSTPTZOVFTUSPQSPQJPSJFTHPBSFTDBUBSMPT BVORVF
explora lo posible. MPTRVFMPTUJFOFOFTUOBSNBEPT

103
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EP MPT SBTUSPT RVF MPT BVTFOUFT EFKBSPO USBOTJU MB DBSSFUF NFTFT QJEJ BZVEB QBSB SFTDBUBSMP B MBT BVUPSJEBEFT NVOJ
SBEPOEFEFTBQBSFDJFSPOBUSFTEFTVGBNJMJBDPOVOHSVQP DJQBMFTZFTUBUBMFT BMB1(3 MB.BSJOB MB1PMJDB'FEFSBM 
EFBNJHPTVCJDFMSBODIPEPOEFTVTDBQUPSFTMPTUVWJFSPO FM&KSDJUPZIBTUBMB1SFTJEFODJBEFMB3FQCMJDB KBNTGVF
DPODFOUSBEPTQFJOMPTQVFCMPT DFSSPTZCSFDIBTRVFFTUO FTDVDIBEPi`7FOJNPTQPSUJ DPNQBw FTDVDIBOUFTEFNP
FO MB QBTBEB DPOUBDU B UFTUJHPT QJEJ BZVEB JOUJMNFOUF SJSSBGBHVFBEP-BNJTNBTVFSUFDPSSJEFTQVTFMTPOPSFOTF
BQSPDVSBEPSFT HPCFSOBOUFT NJMJUBSFTZQPMJDBTIVSHFO /FQPNVDFOP.PSFOP %PO/FQP BTFTJOBEPQPSEFOVODJBS
GPTBT DPNVOFT EF EPOEF UPN GSBHNFOUPT EF IVFTPT RVF  BMPTDBQUPSFTEFTVIJKP
DVBOEPUFOHBEJOFSP NBOEBSQBSBTVBOMJTJTHFOUJDPBVO {2VJOEFBRVOPIBIFDIPIBTUBMPJNQPTJCMF {2VJO
MBCPSBUPSJP4VFTGVFS[P BOTJOSFTVMUBEPT OP TF IB NFUJEP FO MB DVFWB EFM MPCP  `5PEPT EJDF VOB
/FDFTJUBNPTBTFTPSBTPCSFRVJOQVFEFBDPNQBBSOPT NVKFSEFMHSVQPBUBKBOEPBMNJFEP
QBSB MMFHBS B FTBT CPEFHBT TJO BSSJFTHBSOPT TVHJFSF FOUV 2VJFOFTSFDPSSFOMBTSVUBTEFMBEFTBQBSJDJOGPS[BEBFO
TJBTNBEBVOBEFMBTNBESFT .YJDP IBO FTDVDIBEP TPCSF MBT DBTBT EF TFHVSJEBE EPO
0USB TFPSB  RVF MMFWB TJFNQSF BGFSSBEB B MB TPMBQB EF TV EFMBHFOUFEJDFRVFMPTOBSDPUSBDBOUFTUJFOFOTFDVFTUSB
CMVTB DFSDBEFTVDPSB[O VOQSFOEFEPSDPOMBGPUPEFTVIJKP EBTBTVTQSFTBT MPTDBNQPTEFDVMUJWPEPOEFMPTPCMJHBOB
VO KPWFO RVF IFSFE TVT NJTNBT DFKBT UVQJEBT JOUFOUB TFNCSBSNBSJIVBOBDPNPFTDMBWPT MBTCPEFHBTEPOEFMPT
EFWPMWFSMFTMBDPSEVSB DPODFOUSBO DPNP NFSDBODB FO UBOUP EFDJEFO TV EFTUJOP
4JZBUFOFNPTBVOGBNJMJBSEFTBQBSFDJEP {WBNPTBFY MBT SFQSFTBT  UJSPT EF NJOB  CBSSJMFT DPO DJEPT P UFSSFOPT
QPOFSBMPTPUSPT `4JWBNPTZOPTEFTBQBSFDFOSFTVMUBSQFPS CBMEPT EPOEF TF EFTIBDFO EF MPT DBEWFSFT 4BCFO EF MPT
{2VPUSPQJODIFNUPEPEFCTRVFEBIBZ `/PIBZ DFOUSPTEFUPSUVSBEPOEFFM&KSDJUPDPODFOUSBBTPTQFDIP
FNCJTUFFMJODVCBEPSEFMBJEFB TPT EFMPTFOUJFSSPTDMBOEFTUJOPTFOMPTDVBSUFMFTNJMJUBSFT
-BDFSUF[BEFTBCFSTFTJOTBMJEBTMFHBMFTBCPOBMBMMVWJBEF 1FSPTJFTUOBRV FOFTUFFODVFOUSP FTQPSRVFTJFOUFORVF
JEFBT"MHVOBTVHJFSFDPHFSQBMBTZFYDBWBSEPOEFTFEJDFRVF TVGBNJMJBSFTUWJWP
IBZGPTBTDMBOEFTUJOBTQBSBBWFSHPO[BSBMHPCJFSOPZPCMJHBS 6OBOPSUFBBSSFCBUBEBRVFTFIBDPMBEPBQFOBMFTEFBMUB
MPBBDUVBSPUSBIBCMBEFDPOWPDBSBUPEPTMPTNFYJDBOPTEF TFHVSJEBEBQSFHVOUBSBTJDBSJPTQPSFMQBSBEFSPEFTVIJKPZ
CVFOB WPMVOUBE QBSB JS KVOUPT B SFTDBUBS B MPT NVDIBDIPT RVFBQBUBEBTTFBCSFQVFSUBTQBSBIBDFSTFFTDVDIBSFOP
BMHVOBNTQSPQPOFJOWJUBSBQFSJPEJTUBTQBSBBSNBSVOFT DJOBTEFQPMUJDPTZIBTUBFOMBEFMBFTQPTBEFM1SFTJEFO
DOEBMPJOUFSOBDJPOBM UF TFJNBHJOBMBBDDJODPMFDUJWB:EFTQVTEFNBOPTFBS
1SFPDVQBEB VOBTFPSBFWPDBFMUSHJDPEFTUJOPEF-FPQPM VOSBUPFOMBNFOUFMBJEFBEFFOUSBSFOUVSCBBVOBEFFTBT
EP7BMFO[VFMB&TDPCBS %PO1PMP FMEVSBOHVFOTFRVFTBCBMB HVBSJEBTEFTJDBSJPTTVHJFSF

104 105
{:TJBQSFOEFNPTQSJNFSPUJSPBMCMBODPQBSBEFQFSEJEB EBUPRVFBMHVOPTMPFTUJNBOFONJMZPUSPTFONJM
EFGFOEFSOPTDVBOEPOPTNBUFO OPUJFOFVOGVOEBNFOUPDJFOUDP$VBMRVJFSDJGSBFTEBEB
4JMFODJP -B EJTDVTJO BDBCB EF BHPUBSTF 4BCFO RVF OP QPSWMJEBQPSMPDPNOEFFTUBQSDUJDBEFDBQUVSBSHFOUFZ
BQSFOEFSOUJSPBMCMBODPOJFOUSBSOKVOUPTBSFTDBUBSBOB BSSBODBSMBQBSBTJFNQSFEFTVQSPQJBWJEB PMFWBOUBSMB DPNP
EJF"VORVFMPEFTFBO"VORVFSVNJFOFTBJEFB FOVOBZ TFEJDFFOFMBSHPUEFMOBSDP:BT TJONT EFVOTFHVOEP
PUSBSFVOJO DBEBWF[RVFUPDBOMPTMNJUFTEFMBEFTFTQFSB BPUSPVOWFUFSJOBSJPEFKBEFFTUBS VOPTIJKPTTFRVFEBOTJO
DJO$PNPIPZ$PNPTJFNQSF NBN4FFTGVNBOUPEPTMPTWBSPOFTEFVOBGBNJMJB UPEPT
MPTQBTBKFSPTEFVOBVUPCTPMPTTJOEJDBMJ[BEPTEFVOBQB
SBFTUBUBM
& 1PSRVFMMFWBSTFHFOUF FTGVNBSMB iMFWBOUBSMBw FTVOBFTUSB
UFHJBEFHVFSSB
.JMFTTPOMBTNBESFTPFTQPTBTRVFUPEPTMPTEBTTFMFWBOUBO &MNUPEPOPFTOPWFEPTP&OMBHVFSSBTVDJBEFMPTBPT
FWPDBOEP BM GBNJMJBS BVTFOUF /P QBTB EB TJO RVF FMMBT TF FSBOEFTBQBSFDJEPTMPTPQPTJUPSFTQPMUJDPT KWFOFTFOTV
QSFHVOUFOTJFTUPSUVSBEPTJDPNJ TJiMPFTUOBQSPWFDIBO NBZPSB &O MB BDUVBM  TPO FTGVNBEPT MPT WBSPOFT FO FEBE
EPw&OMPTEBTEFMMVWJBi{TFFTUBSNPKBOEP w ZBMBNB QSPEVDUJWBZHFOFSBMNFOUFTJOMJBDJPOFTQPMUJDBT/PTFTBCF
BOB TJHVJFOUF i{BNBOFDJ FOGFSNP w &O OPDIFT USJTUFT MBT QBSBRV5FPSBTIBZNVDIBTQBSBFOHSPTBSMPTNFSNBEPT
BUPSNFOUBQFOTBSFOTVDVFSQPUJSBEPFODVBMRVJFSNPOUF0 FKSDJUPTEFOBSDPT QBSBUSBCBKPTJMDJUPTGPS[BEPT QBSBUSBDBS
TJFMFKSDJUPMPUPSUVSIBTUBMBBHPOBPMPUJFOFFOVOBDSDFM DPO TVT SHBOPT  QBSB BQSPWFDIBNJFOUP TFYVBM  QBSB TBDBS
DMBOEFTUJOB1BHBOGPSUVOBTBFTUBGBEPSFTRVFMFTQSPNFUFO EJOFSPFOFYUPSTJPOFT QBSBMJNQJBSFMQBTEFEFMJODVFOUFT 
SFTDBUBSMPT P SFDVSSFO B WJEFOUFT Z CSVKBT QBSB TBCFS DNP QBSB EFKBS B MB DPNVOJEBE FO DPOGVTJO  QPS NFUFSTF DPO
FTUO%FTEFRVFFMTFSBNBEPOPMMFHBDBTBTFDPOWJSUJFSPO RVJFOOPEFCBO QPSFTUBSFOFMMVHBSFRVJWPDBEPBMBIPSB
FOONBEBT.PWJEBTQPSMBTMFZFTEFMDPSB[O SFDPSSFOFM FSSOFBP BNBOFSBQSFWFOUJWB QBSBRVFOPFOHSPTFOMBTMBT
QBTQFJOBOEPQSPDVSBEVSBT DBSSFUFSBT IPTQJUBMFT DSDFMFT  EFBMHODSUFMFOFNJHP
NPSHVFT DFNFOUFSJPT CBMEPTZGPTBTDPNVOFT1FSPOPMPT %VSBOUFMPTQSJNFSPTBPTEFMTFYFOJP MBTNBESFTQBSF
FODVFOUSBO DBOVOB1JFEBEJODPNQMFUBMMPSBOEPFOMPTSJODPOFTQPSFM
$BMDVMBSMBT FO NJMFT OP FT FYBHFSBEP 4F FTUJNB RVF  IJKPRVFOPQVFEFOUFOFSFOCSB[PT&TDPOEJEBT QPSRVFMPT
NJM QFSTPOBT IBO TJEP EFTBQBSFDJEBT FO .YJDP EVSBOUF FM EFTBQBSFDJEPT TPO TPTQFDIPTPT EF TV EFTUJOP 1PSRVF DBEB
TFYFOJPFOFMRVF'FMJQF$BMEFSOEFDMBSMBHVFSSBDPOUSB WF[ RVF BDVEFO B MB QSPDVSBEVSB FTDVDIBO QSFHVOUBT RVF
FMOBSDPUSDP NBOEBVOJGPSNBEPTBDB[BSEFMJODVFOUFT QBSFDFOTBDBEBTEFVONJTNPNBOVBMQBSBDVMQBCJMJ[BSMBT
FOMBTDBMMFTZMBWJPMFODJBTFEFTBUDPNPCFTUJBBTFTJOB&M i4FPSB  {FO RV BOEBCB NFUJEP TV IJKP  {/P MP WJP DPO

106 107
NVDIPEJOFSP 4FHVSPTVFTQPTPMBEFKQPSPUSBNTCVF .
OBy-PTRVFMPUJFOFOMFIBOEFFTUBSQBHBOEPCJFOBTRVF
OPDIJMMFy4JEFOVODJBTFMMFWBSOBTVTPUSPTIJKPT NFKPS 5JKVBOB #BKB$BMJGPSOJB NBZPEF1PDPBQPDP BGVF
DVJEFBMPTRVFMFRVFEBOy"DFQUFFTUPTIVFTPTBVORVFOP SB EFM UFSSFOP CBMEP TFMMBEP DPNP FTDFOB EFM DSJNFO  WBO
TFBOEFMRVFZBPUSPTRVJTJFSBOUFOFSVODVFSQPRVFFOUF BQBSFDJFOEP DSVDFT Z WFMBEPSBT Z GBNJMJBT RVF FMFWBO SF[PT
SSBSyw-BDSVFMEBEDPNPNUPEPEFJOWFTUJHBDJO ZNJSBOIBDJBBEFOUSP&TFMMPUFEPOEFPQFSBCBFMUFNJCMF
&MEFNBZPEFDJFOUPTEF1JFEBEFTNBSDIBSPOKVO i1P[PMFSPw FMIPNCSFRVFDPOGFTIBCFSEJTVFMUP QPSJOT
UBT QPS MBT BWFOJEBT EF MB $JVEBE EF .YJDP  SFDMBNBSPO B USVDDJPOFT EF OBSDPUSBDBOUFT  B DJFOUPT EF QFSTPOBT DPDJ
HSJUPTMPTIJKPTSPCBEPTEFMOJEP IBSUBTEFQFEJSBMBKVTUJDJBRVF OBEBTDPODJEPTFOUBNCPTNFUMJDPT-BTGBNJMJBT EFTEF
JOWFTUJHVFZEFTVSUJSQJTUBTBMPTTDBMFT1BSFDBOVOJGPSNBEBT FOUPODFT OPEFKBSOEFNPWJMJ[BSTF
WJTUJFOEPMBDBNJTFUBZMBQBODBSUBDPOMBGPUPEFMNVDIBDIP 
EFMBKPWFODJUBDPOTVTNJTNBTGBDDJPOFT)BCMBCBODPOVO 4BMUJMMP $PBIVJMB EJDJFNCSFEF&TUBUBSEF FOMBTP
MFOHVBKFIJMWBOBEPDPONFODJPOFTBDPSB[POFTSPUPT WJFO DJOBTEFMBEJDFTJT TFSFOFOQPSQSJNFSBWF[DVBUSPGBNJMJBT
USFTWBDPT EPMPSFTEFMBMNB DBNJOPTSFHBEPTDPOMHSJNBT  RVFCVTDBOBQFSTPOBTFYUSBWJBEBTFOFMFTUBEP6OVOJWFS
WJEBTIFDIBTQFEB[PT-MPSBCBOIBTUBDVBOEPEFTQPUSJDBCBO TJUBSJPCVTDBBVOIFSNBOPZBVOTPCSJOPVOBNBFTUSBBTV
DPOUSBFMHPCJFSOPRVFRVJFSFWFSMBTFOMPRVFDJEBT FTQPTP BTVIJKPEFPDIPBPTZBEPTDVBEPTVOPTIPN
&MFODVFOUSPOPPDVSSJFTFEBEFMBTNBESFT4FFNQF[ CSFTBMPTWFOEFEPSFTNFYJRVFOTFTEFQJOUVSBPUSPQBESF
BCPSEBSEFTEFBPTBOUFTFOEJGFSFOUFTSFHJPOFTEFMQBT DPO BEPTDPNFSDJBOUFTEFPSPKBMJTRVJMMPT-BTDPOWPD#MBODB
EJTUJOUBTQSPUBHPOJTUBTRVFSFDPSSJFSPOMPTNJTNPTMBCFSJOUPT .BSUOF[  MB EJSFDUPSB EFM $FOUSP EF %FSFDIPT )VNBOPT
CVSPDSUJDPTMMFOPTEFQVFSUBTGBMTBTEPOEFTFGVFSPOFODPO 'SBZ+VBOEF-BSJPT EFMBEJDFTJTFODBCF[BEBQPSFMPCJTQP
USBOEP%FTQVTEFDPOUBSTFVOBTBPUSBTTVTIJTUPSJBTZEF 3BM7FSB RVJFOMFQJEJBUFOEFSBMBTBOHVTUJBEBTGBNJMJBT
FTDVDIBSMBTVOBZNVDIBTWFDFT DPODMVZFSPORVFFO.YJDP RVFTFMFBSSJNBCBOBMOBMEFMBTNJTBT
MBEFTBQBSJDJOGPS[BEBFTBNQBSBEBQPSFM&TUBEP2VFMPT &O FM FODVFOUSP  USBT SFDPOPDFS FO MPT PUSPT MB NJTNB
NFDBOJTNPT EF MB JNQVOJEBE HBSBOUJ[BO RVF FM EFMJUP TJHB IFSJEBZFMNJFEPQBSBMJ[BOUFRVFJNQJEFEFOVODJBS DPOFM
DPNFUJOEPTF%FTEFFOUPODFTJEFBOKVOUBTFTUSBUFHJBTQBSB FTQSJUVFOWBMFOUPOBEPEFDJEFOi/PQPEFNPTTFHVJSDBMMB
SFFODPOUSBSTFDPOMPTTVZPT$PNPMPIJDJFSPOBOUFTEFCBKP EPTIBZRVFIBDFSMPQCMJDP4PNPTNVDIPT {RVNTOPT
EFFTFSCPMZMPIBSOBMPMBSHPEFFTUFDBQUVMP QVFEFORVJUBS w
$POWPDBO B MB QSFOTB B VOB DPOGFSFODJB  MF TJHVFO DPO
QMBOUPOFT TFNBOBMFT BGVFSB EFM 1BMBDJP EF (PCJFSOP  FY
QPOFO TV TJUVBDJO FO MBT NJTBT EPOEF QJEFO MB QBMBCSB 

108 109
QFSTJHVFOBMHPCFSOBEPSFOBDUPTQCMJDPTIBTUBPCMJHBSMPB &TWMJEPSFOFHBSMF OPUFTJFOUBTNBMMFEJDFPUSB
JOTUBMBSNFTBTEFUSBCBKPDPOMBTDBMBEFKVTUJDJB$VBOEP " N %JPT NF EJDF iEBNF UJFNQPw Z ZP MF EJHP iQFSP OP
TFEBODVFOUBEFRVFOBEBTJSWFZRVFDSFDFFMONFSPEF UBSEFTw
DBTPTFNQSFOEFOVOBNBSDIBBMBDBQJUBM IBTUBMBPDJOBEFM $PNJFO[BOBNFODJPOBSDJUBTCCMJDBT DPNPBRVFMMBRVF
QSFTJEFOUF%FSFHSFTPBTVUJFSSB OVGSBHPTEFSFTVMUBEPT  EJDFiCVTDBZFODPOUSBSTw QBSBFMMBTVOHVJPDFMFTUJBM Z
EFDJEFO GVOEBS VOB PSHBOJ[BDJO 4F CBVUJ[BO DPNP 'VFS EFBIQBTBOBEFTFOUSBBSPUSBTTFBMFTZBFYDBWBSFOTVT
[BT6OJEBTQPS/VFTUSPT%FTBQBSFDJEPTFO$PBIVJMBTPOVO TVFPT
FKSDJUPTPTUFOJEPQPSNBNT 4PRVFNJIJKPNFBCSB[BCB DPSSB NFEFDBiNB
i-MFWBCBEPTBPTTPMBQSFHVOUBOEPBMBTBVUPSJEBEFTRV ESFwZZPNFEFTWBOFDB
QBTBCBZOVODBUFOBOOPUJDJBTEFNJIJKP:BOPUFOBFTQF )BZRVFUFOFSNVDIBGPSUBMF[BQBSBRVFFMEBRVFSF
SBO[B OPTBCBRVIBDFSZPTPMBZBVORVFIBDBMPRVFQPEB HSFTFOPTFUFTVCBFMB[DBSOJUFEMBDIJSJQJPSDB
TFOUBRVFOPIBDBOBEB$VBOEPFODPOUSBMBTDPNQBFSBT 3FODPOFMDPNFOUBSJP
TFOUFTQFSBO[B TPONJGBNJMJB NFDPNQSFOEFOZKVOUBTIF &ODBEBSFVOJOFODVFOUSBOOVFWBTQBVUBTQBSBFMBOMJ
NPTMPHSBEPNVDIBTDPTBTw FYQSFTBMBNBESFEFMWFJOUFBFSP TJT4BCFO QPSFKFNQMP RVFFO FO$PBIVJMB TFEFTBU
EFTBQBSFDJEP*TSBFM5PSSFT BVORVFQPESBIBCFSTJEPDVBMRVJFSB VOiNBSBUOEFMPTEFTBQBSFDJEPTw2VFWBSJPTNVDIBDIPT
/PTMPTVQFSMBDVMQB UBNCJOFODPOUSBQPZPi-BRVF GVFSPO MFWBOUBEPT FO MPT NJTNPT USBNPT DBSSFUFSPT 2VF
FTUCJFOFTUQFOEJFOUFEFMBRVFFTUFOGFSNB OPTFOUFOEF IVCPVOBSBDIBEFDBQUVSBTEFUDOJDPTFJOHFOJFSPTFOUF
NPTQPSRVFUFOFNPTFMNJTNPEPMPSw EJDFBMTBMJSEFVOBEF MFDPNVOJDBDJPOFT 2VF MPT QPMJDBT NVOJDJQBMFT IBO TJEP
MBTSFVOJPOFTEFMBPSHBOJ[BDJO DNQMJDFT EF MPT TFDVFTUSBEPSFT 1PESBO JODMVTP EJCVKBS B
&O FTPT FODVFOUSPT IB EFTDVCJFSUP RVF  EFTQVT EF MB DJFHBTVONBQBEFFTPTiUSJOHVMPTEFMBT#FSNVEBTwEFOUSP
EFTBQBSJDJOEFVONJFNCSP MBTGBNJMJBTTFEJWJEFO MPTSPMFT EFMFTUBEP
DBNCJBO MBFDPOPNBEPNTUJDBNFSNB MBFOGFSNFEBEIBDF
OJEP -B FYQFSJFODJB MBT IBDF DBSHBS VO CPUJRVO B TVT SFV $IJIVBIVB $IJIVBIVB OPWJFNCSFEF-BDBTBEFSFUJ
OJPOFT4POUBOUBTMBTFNPDJPOFTRVFUPDBODVBOEPTFKVOUBO SPTFTQJSJUVBMFTFOMBTBGVFSBTEFMBDJVEBEBMCFSHBVOFODVFO
RVFOPGBMUBBRVJFOMFBUBRVFMBHBTUSJUJT MFBVNFOUFMBQSFTJO  USPEFNVKFSFT%VSBOUFMBQSFTFOUBDJO EFUBOUPFTDVDIBS
MFEVFMBMBDBCF[BPMFTVCBFMB[DBS MBSB[OQPSMBRVFUPEBTFTUOBRV MBTHBSHBOUBTTFIBDFO
:BFTUPZEFTFTQFSBEB1PSNTRVFMFSFOJFHPB%JPTZ OVEP
MFQSFHVOUPRVRVJFSFTEFN ZBIJDFUPEPMPRVFQVEF ZB &MFRVJQPPSHBOJ[BEPSJNQSPWJTBVOFKFSDJDJPEFSFTQJSBDJO
UPQBNPTDPOQBSFEyQFSPUUJFOFTMBMUJNBQBMBCSBMB QBSBRVJUBSMBQFTBEF[BMBJSF%FQPSTMBTNVKFSFTWFOJEBTEF
NFOUBVOBKPWFOBCVFMBBDBSHPEFTVTOJFUPT /VFWP -FO  $PBIVJMB Z #BKB $BMJGPSOJB IBCBO WJBKBEP

110 111
OFSWJPTBTQPSTBCFSRVFFODPOUSBSBOBPUSBTTPCSFWJWJFOUFTEF "T  HVJBEPT DPO FTB UDOJDB  MPT QTJDMPHPT MFT QJEFO
MBNJTNBUPSUVSB6OBBODJBOBEFQMBOPQBTMBOPDIFFOWFMB DPNQBSUJSMBTFNPDJPOFTRVFNTMFTQFTBO&MMBTBCSFOTV
Z BNBOFDJ DPO KBRVFDB -B NBZPS BOHVTUJB EF MBT NVKFSFT BMNB
FTRVFFMQSPHSBNBJODMVZF BEFNTEFMBDIBSMBTPCSFDNP y.FEBCBQFOBEFDJSFOFMQVFCMPMPRVFNFQBTBCBy
FYJHJS SFTVMUBEPT B MB KVTUJDJB  JNQBSUJEB QPS WFUFSBOBT EF y4FRVFEBVOPTJOUSBCBKP TJOBNJHPT TJOGBNJMJB DPNP
+VSF[RVFMPHSBSPOFODPOUSBSBTVTIJKBTNVFSUBT PUSBTPCSF BQFTUBEP DSFFORVFTJFNQSFWBVOPBQFEJSMFTBMHPy
MBFYIVNBDJOEFSFTUPT y-BTDVMQBTEJWJEFOBMBGBNJMJB UPEPTTFSFDSJNJOBOy
%FJNBHJOBSMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFFODPOUSBSBMIJKP BMBIFS y4FNFDBSHUPEPUVWFRVFTBDBSBNJTIJKPTEFMBFTDVF
NBOB P BM FTQPTP TJO WJEB BMHVOBT FOUSBO FO DSJTJT 7BSJBT MB TPZQBESFZNBESFy
MMPSBO-BTQFSTPOBTEFMPTEJTUJOUPTDFOUSPTEFEFSFDIPTIV y4PNPT DPNP FTBT FTUSFMMBT FO FM DJFMP  MB NB FT VOB
NBOPTMBTSFOFOQBSBBOBMJ[BSMBTFNPDJPOFTRVFMFTTVSHFO FTUSFMMBPQBDBRVFFTUBQBHBEBy
DPOFTFUFNB y&MBS[PCJTQPNFEJKPiUUVWJTUFMBDVMQBQPSRVFOPMP
0USBJODPNPEJEBEFTMBDIBSMBQTJDPMHJDBBOVODJBEBFO FEVDBTUFCJFOwy
FMQSPHSBNBQPSRVFRVJFOFTFTUOBRVIVZFSPOEFMPTQTJD y.FEJKFSPORVFTFHVSPMPTMFWBOUBSPOQPSRVFNJIJKP
MPHPTQVFT FOWF[EFBZVEBSMBT MFTEJDFOiEFMPQPSNVFSUP  MMFWBCBVOQBOUBMODBNVBEPy
DPOGSNFTF DPO MPT IJKPT RVF MF RVFEBOw &MMBT OP QVFEFO "MFTDVDIBSTF MBTNVKFSFTTFEBODVFOUBRVFMBDVMQBDP
NTRVFSFDPSEBS RVFTJHOJDBiUSBFSEFOVFWPw SF
BMiDP SSPF QBSBMJ[B BTMB PDVQBFMMVHBSEFMTJOTFOUJEP&OUJFOEFO
SB[Ow DPSEJT
 DPNPBRVMFTFYQMJDBORVFTVTSFBDDJPOFTTPOOPSNBMFT
-BKVBSFOTF.BSB-VJTB7BMEF[ RVFCVTDBBTVIJKP+VBO BOUFTJUVBDJPOFTBOPSNBMFT%FTQVTEFSFFYJPOBSVOSBUP
.JHVFMZBVOTPCSJOPMFWBOUBEPTFO7FSBDSV[QPSQPMJDBT EFDJEFORVFFTFMHPCJFSOP ZOPFMMBT FMRVFEFCFDBSHBSMB
GFEFSBMFT FYQMJDBTVSFOVFODJBBMBTUFSBQJBTi4PZNBESFEF "DPNPEBOTFOUJNJFOUPT
TJFUF ZUPEPTMPTEBTNFMFWBOUPZSFQJUPNFTJHVFGBMUBOEP &OMBTFHVOEBGBTF MPTQTJDMPHPTMFTQJEFORVFDPNQBSUBO
VOP{$NPQVFEFOQFEJSNFEFTDBOTBS w TVTGPSUBMF[BT2VFTFEJCVKFO:FOMBTIPKBTWBOBQBSFDJFO
1FSP MPT QTJDMPHPT RVF EJSJHFO FTUB TFTJO MVDFO EJTUJO EPDPSB[POFTIFSJEPTQFSPSFTJTUFOUFT QBJTBKFTMMVWJPTPTDPO
UPT1BSFDFRVFMBTFOUJFOEFO6TBOVONUPEPMMBNBEPQTJ BSDPJSJT  DBTBT TPNCSBT EF EPOEF TBMFO DBNJOPT EFMHBEPT
DPTPDJBM RVF TF VUJMJ[ FO &M 4BMWBEPS EVSBOUF MB SFQSFTJO DPNPWCPSBTRVFJOEJDBOBMBVTFOUFMBWBQBSBFMSFHSFTP 
EFMPTBPTZTFDPOWJSUJFOQBUSJNPOJPEFMBTWDUJNBTEF SCPMFTTFDPTRVFEBOGSVUPTBNPSPTPT"MFYQSFTBSDPNJFO
EJTUJOUBTWJPMFODJBT"ZVEBBRVFMBHFOUF FODPNVOJEBE MF [BOBFOEFSF[BSTF-PTQVMNPOFTTFJOBOEFFTQFSBO[B
FODVFOUSFTFOUJEPBMPRVFMFPDVSSFZIBMMFGPSUBMF[BTJOEJWJ i.FGPSUBMFDFMBWJWFODJBEFDBEBVOB QPSRVFFTUQBTBOEP
EVBMFTZDPNVOFTQBSBPSHBOJ[BSTFZTFHVJSMVDIBOEP MPNJTNPZMBVOJOIBDFMBGVFS[B:WPZBTBMJSBEFMBOUF:BMBT

112 113
EF+VSF[OPTQVTJFSPOFMFKFNQMPw EJDFDPOUFOUBMBSFHJPNPO MBGVFS[B FMSFMBUPEFMUFTUJHP MBMJTUBEFMMBNBEBTIFDIBTEFTEF
UBOB(MPSJB"HVJMFSB RVFCVTDBBTVNBSJEPZEPTIJKPTBHFOUFT TVDFMVMBSEFTQVTEFDBQUVSBSMP MBTDPPSEFOBEBTRVFNBSDBFM
EFUSOTJUP BRVJFOFTEFKEFWFSFMNJTNPEBEF (14EFEPOEFGVFMFWBOUBEP FMNFOTBKFEFUFYUPRVFMBWDUJNB
TUBFTMBUFSDFSBSFVOJOEFNBESFTDPOIJKPTEFTBQBSFDJ BMDBO[BNBOEBSBWJTBOEPRVJOFTPEOEFMPUFOBOSFUFOJEP
EPTFOFMOPSUF&OMBQSJNFSB FO4BMUJMMP TFDPOUBSPODNP &TDVDIOEPMBTRVFEBDMBSPRVFBMPTEFTBQBSFDJEPTOPTF
MBUSBHFEJBMFTQBSUJMBWJEB&OMBTFHVOEB FO.POUFSSFZ  MPTMMFWBFMWJFOUP/PTFMPTUSBHBMBUJFSSB/PEFTBQBSFDFO
JOUFSDBNCJBSPOFYQFSJFODJBTEFMVDIBZEFUFDUBSPORVFQPS EFMBOBEB/PTPOQFSTPOBTBRVJFOFTBMDBO[VOCSPUFDPO
NTQMBOUPOFT IVFMHBTEFIBNCSFPNFTBTEFUSBCBKPMPHSB UBHJPTPEF"M[IFJNFSZPMWJEBOFMDBNJOPBDBTB"MHVJFOTF
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VOJGPSNBEBT DPO DBNJTFUBT CMBODBT FO MBT RVF MMFWBO JN QPEBOCVTDBSMPTQPSRVFNJFTQPTPNFDPOUBCBDPTBTEFTV
QSFTBTMPTSPTUSPTEFMPTTFSFTRVFSJEPTZMBQSFHVOUBi{EOEF USBCBKPZIBTUBEPTBPTEFTQVTEJ[RVFGVFSPOBCVTDBSMPT
FTUO w Z DMBSP ZBOPFODPOUSBSPOBOBEJF"OFYBMFYQFEJFOUFFM
"EFOUSP FOMBPDJOBEFMQSPDVSBEPS GBNJMJBTFOSFQSF SFDJCPEFMUFMGPOPEFVOPEFNJTIJKPTDPOMBTMMBNBEBTRVF
TFOUBDJOEFMSFTUPFYIJCFOVODVBESPTJOQUJDPRVFNVFTUSB TJHVJFSPO IBDJFOEP  QFSP OP MBT JOWFTUJHBSPO 6O EB NF
MBTTJTUFNUJDBTPNJTJPOFTEFMBEFQFOEFODJBFOMBTQFTRVJTBT BUSFWBMMBNBSBVOPEFMPTONFSPTZTNFDPOUFTUBSPO 
4POMBTQJTUBTTJOSBTUSFBS-BTQMBDBTEFMBDBNJPOFUBFOMBRVF QFSPZBOPJOUFOUNT QBTUPEPBMBQSPDVSBEVSBw SFMBUB
TFMMFWBSPOBMBVTFOUF FMWJEFPRVFNVFTUSBRVJOFTMPTBDBOB MB NVKFS NFOVEJUB  EF HFTUP EVMDF RVF IB QBSUJDJQBEP MP

114 115
NJTNPFOIVFMHBTEFIBNCSF RVFFOFODVFOUSPTDPOPUSBT .YJDP%' +VMJP&OFMTBMOEFSFVOJPOFTEFMBPS
NBESFTFO$IJIVBIVB EPOEFTFQSPNFUJFSPOOPDMBVEJDBS HBOJ[BDJOEPOEFBDBNQBSOFTUBOPDIFTFWFODBSBTMBSHBT 
&TUB NBBOB  DVBOEP TBMJ IBDJB MB QSPDVSBEVSB NBS PKPTUSJTUFT%FDFOBTEFGBNJMJBTEFMJOUFSJPSEFMQBTIBCBO
DIBOEPDPOTVTDPNQBFSBT (MPSJBFTUBCBOFSWJPTBQFSPFT WJBKBEPJMVTJPOBEBTBMBSFVOJOQBSBIBCMBSDPOFMTFDSFUBSJP
QFSBO[BEBEFRVFFDIBOEPNPOUOQPESBONPWJMJ[BSBMPT EF(PCFSOBDJO 'SBODJTDP#MBLF ZDPOMBQSPDVSBEPSBHFOF
BHFOUFT1MBUJDBCBRVF BVORVFTFQSPNFUFOPMMPSBSFOQCMJ SBMEFMB3FQCMJDB .BSJTFMB.PSBMFT BRVJFOFTQMBOUFBSBO
DPBMEBSTVUFTUJNPOJP TJFNQSFMBUSBJDJPOBFMEPMPS"IPSB  TJFUFSFDMBNPT1FSPUPEPTFTBMJEFDPOUSPM
DVBUSP IPSBT EFTQVT  BM TBMJS EF MB PDJOB EFM QSPDVSBEPS  i"MNFOPTOPOPTCBUFBSPOw JOUFOUBNBUJ[BSVOKPWFOEF
MVDFUSJTUF%FDBNJOPB$BEIBD FODPHJEBEFIPNCSPTDP $PBIVJMB  NJFOUSBT WBSJPT TF SFDMBNBO QPS FM GSBDBTP EF MB
NFOUB iOPT QJEJFSPO RVF MFT EFNPT VO NFT NT QBSB RVF SFVOJO6OBTWDUJNBTRVFOVODBIBCBOIBCMBEPBOUFBV
FNQJFDFOBCVTDBSMPTw UPSJEBEFTDPNFO[BSPOBFYQPOFSTVTIJTUPSJBTZFMTFDSFUBSJP 
&O MBT PDJOBT EF MB PSHBOJ[BDJO SFBMJ[BO VO DPOWJWJP BTUVUP QJEJRVFPUSBTDPOUBSBOTVTUSBHFEJBT NJFOUSBTMPT
QBSBJOGPSNBSTFEFMPPDVSSJEP-BNBZPSBMVDFUSBORVJMB  EFNTOPUBCBOBOHVTUJBEPTRVFMBDJUBMMFHBCBBTVO'VF
FODBNCJP +VMJBMBDPNQBFSBRVFCVTDBBVOIJKPDBQUV DVBOEPBMHVOBT EFTFTQFSBEBT JOUFSWJOJFSPOQBSBDPOUBSTVT
SBEPQPSQPMJDBTEFTEFIBCMBBHSJUPTQPSUFMGPOP DBTPT"QFOBTQVEJFSPODFOUSBSTFFOQMBOUFBSMFMBOFDFTJEBE
FOVONPOMPHPJOUFSNJOBCMFi`EHBMFBMTFPSQSPDVSBEPS EFDSFBSVOBTDBMBOBDJPOBMEFEJDBEBBCVTDBSQFSTPOBT VO
RVFOPTFCVSMF RVFNFEJHBRVIBOIFDIP RVFNFKPSNF CBODPEFEBUPTHFOUJDPEFMBTGBNJMJBT VOBCBTFEFJOGPS
EJHBRVFOBEB`/PNTFTUOBQBSFOUBOEP{1BSBFTPMFQB NBDJOOBDJPOBMEFDBTPTZVOQSPHSBNBEFCTRVFEBDPO
HBOBMTFPSRVFOPTBUFOEJ `5SFTBPTZTJFUFNFTFTZOJ QSPUPDPMPTFTUBCMFDJEPT
TJRVJFSBIBMFEPFMFYQFEJFOUF{$SFFRVFTPZFTUQJEB :B -BEJTDVTJODPOUJOB
NFDBOT `USFTBPTZTJFUFNFTFTTVQMJDOEPMFQPSGBWPS QPS 2V EFDFQDJO )BTUB TF NF TVCJ FM B[DBS EJDF
GBWPS QFSPOPNTTFCVSMBO`.FMFWPZBIBDFSVOBIVFMHBEF VOBOPSUFBTFOUBEBFOVOSJODO FMDBOTBODJPFOFMSPTUSP
IBNCSFIBTUBRVFNFNVFSB IBTUBRVFNFNVFSBw /POPTGVFUBONBM MPHSBNPTFWJEFODJBSRVFOPIBO
$VFMHBDPOSBCJB5SBUBEFCBMCVDFBSBMHPQFSPOPQVF IFDIPOBEBSFTQPOEFVOBCPHBEP
EF4MPBUJOBBFODPHFSTFFOVOTJMMOQBSBMMPSBS-BIFS {1PSRVFTUBWF[OPMPIJDJNPTCJFO DPNPDVBOEPMPT
NBOB$POTVFMPTFTJFOUBBTVMBEP MBBCSB[B MBBDBSJDJBDPNP EFMB0/6WJOJFSPOBWFSOPT 4JDBEBRVJFOFTUIBCMBOEP
BVOBIJKB MFEJDFRVFBQSFOEBBOPJSTPMBBMBTSFVOJPOFT  TJONUPEPOPTWBOBHBOBSFMQBSUJEPQPSRVFMPTQPMUJDPT
QVFTUPEBTFTUOQBSBBDPNQBBSTF RVFTFUSBORVJMJDF RVF TMPRVJFSFOBQSPWFDIBSTFSFQFMBFMVOJWFSTJUBSJP
TFHVJSOCVTDBOEPBTVIJKP RVFOPEFTDBOTBSOIBTUBTBDBS -BTSFDSJNJOBDJPOFTDPOUJOBO6OBNVKFSQJEFEJTDVMQBT
BUPEPTEFEPOEFMPTUJFOFO "MHVOBT TF JODPNPEBO QPS MPT SFDMBNPT -B EFTFTQFSBDJO

116 117
DVOEFBMWFSEFTWBOFDFSTFPUSPPBTJTFOFTUFMBSHPQFSFHSJOBS UBEP BQPZB MBT EFTBQBSJDJPOFT DBEB WF[ RVF OP MPT CVTDBO 
QPSMPTSJEPTDBNJOPTEFMBCTRVFEBEFVOTFSRVFSJEP DBEBRVFOPTPUSPTEFOVODJBNPTMPTSFUFOFTPMPTQVOUPTFO
$PO UBOUBT QVFSUBT RVF OPT FTUO DFSSBOEP WBNPT B MBT DBSSFUFSBT EPOEF EFTBQBSFDFO Z OP IBDF OBEB DVBOEP
UFOFSRVFIBDFSMPRVFQSPQPOFOMBTDPNQBFSBTEF4POPSB  OPDPNCBUFBMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEPDVBOEPOPJOWFTUJHBMBT
RVFEJDFORVFMBTFTUOPCMJHBOEPBBHBSSBSVOBQBMBZTBMJSBM EFOVODJBT DVBOEP OJFHBO RVF FM EFMJUP FYJTUB DVBOEP OP
NPNFOUPBCVTDBSMPT{2VMFTDVFTUBBFMMPTCVTDBSMPTTJZB RVJFSFO EBSOPT JOGPSNBDJOy )PZ GVFSPO OVFTUSPT IJKPT 
UPEPTTBCFNPTEOEFMPTEFTBQBSFDFO TFBMBJNQBDJFOUF NBBOBQVFEFOTFSPUSPTw
VOBNVKFS -BJEFBEFBSNBSMBDBSBWBOBEFTEF$JVEBE+VSF[IBTUBMB
1FSP FT CJFO SJFTHPTP 5FOFNPT RVF QFOTBS CJFO  OP DBQJUBMEFMQBTTVSHJUSBTMBQSFTFOUBDJOEFMJOGPSNFRVFIJ[P
OBEBNTRVFTBMHBNPTFOMBMPDVSBEFMEPMPSBMNPOUF5F MB 0/6 TPCSF MB EFTBQBSJDJO GPS[BEB FO .YJDP RVF WBMJE
OFNPTRVFPSHBOJ[BSOPTNFKPSJOUFOUBUSBORVJMJ[BSMPTVOB MPTSFDMBNPTEFMBTGBNJMJBTi{2VNTQPEFNPTIBDFS w TF
BTFTPSB QSFHVOUBSPOBMOBM iTJZBOPTTFOUBNPTGSFOUFBMQSFTJEFOUF
0USBWF[UPQBSPODPOQBSFE/PTFSTVMUJNBEFDFQDJO $BMEFSO  TJ ZB OPT DSFBSPO VOB TDBMB QBSB CVTDBSMPT  TJ
FOFTUFKVFHPEFTFSQJFOUFTZFTDBMFSBT%FTQVTFMTFDSFUBSJP ZBMPHSBNPTRVFDBNCJBSBOMBTMFZFT TJZBMB0/6OPTEJP
#MBLFZFMTVCTFDSFUBSJP'FMJQF;BNPSB RVFIBCBOQSPNFUJEP MBSB[O{2VNT wi{:TJIBDFNPTVOQMBOUOFMEBEF
BZVEBSMBT NPSJSBO FO VOBDDJEFOUF BSFP -VFHP TFFOUFSB MBTNBESFT w TVHJSJBMHVOB ZFOUPODFTEBMF QPOUFBWFO
SBOQPSMBTOPUJDJBTEFRVFFMIFSNBOPEFMTDBMEFKVTUJDJBEF EFS SPQB VTBEB FO MB DPDIFSB EF MB DBTB  B PGSFDFS DPNJEB
$PBIVJMB +FTT5PSSFT$IBSMFTZMBTVCEFMFHBEBEFMB1(3  MPTEPNJOHPTBGVFSBEFNJTB BDPOGFDDJPOBSNBOVBMJEBEFTZ
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MMFHBEPT CBKBO NBESFT OPSUFBT RVF WJBKBO DPO EFTUJOP BM MBTHFOFSBDJPOFTBCVFMBTRVFIBDFBPTCVTDBOBTVTIJKBT
%'  EPOEF BOUJDFMFCSBSO FO VO QMBOUO PUSP  EF NBZP DPNQBSUFO BTJFOUP DPO IFSNBOBT  FTQPTBT Z OJFUBT EF QFS
BMFKBEBTEFTVTIJKPT TPOBT NVKFSFT MBNBZPSB
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FOMBRVFQBSUJDJQBOQPDPTDJVEBEBOPT OHFMFT-QF[ BD OPEFQSJNJSTFDPNPDBEBWF[RVF EFTQVTEFVOBNBOJGFT
UJWJTUB EFM DFOUSP EF EFSFDIPT IVNBOPT 'SBZ 'SBODJTDP EF UBDJO OPFODVFOUSBOSFTQVFTUB&O4BMUJMMPZ5PSSFOMBT
7JUPSJB WPDJGFSBQPSFMBMUBWP[iIBZVOBQPMUJDBEFEFTBQB NBESFTIJDJFSPODFSFNPOJBTEFFOWPBMBTDPNQBFSBTRVF
SJDJOGPS[BEB VOBQPMUJDBBQPZBEBQPSFM&TUBEPy&M&T SFQSFTFOUBSBOBMSFTUP-FTJNQVTJFSPOMBTNBOPT$BEBVOB

118 119
UPN VOB WBSJUB EF USJHP  GSHJM Z RVFCSBEJ[B  MB VOJ DPO DJPOBM DPOMHJDBQSPQJBZVO&TUBEPDNQMJDFEFMPTDBQUPSFT 
MBTEFNTQBSBTJNCPMJ[BSRVFKVOUBTTPONTGVFSUFT JOEP ZBTFBQPSPNJTJO DPMBCPSBDJOPDPNPQFSQFUSBEPS
CMFHBCMFT&OFTUBFTDBMB NJFOUSBTTFEFTFOUVNFOZFTQFSBO i$VBOEPDPOPDBMBPSHBOJ[BDJONFJOWPMVDSEFMMFOP 
FMEFTBZVOP VOBUSBCBKBEPSBTPDJBMMFTQJEFDFSSBSMPTPKPT  FSBMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFIBDFSBMHP4VQFRVFMPEFNJIJKPOPFSB
UPNBSBJSFZBCSB[BSDPOFMDPSB[OBMTFSRVFSJEP&OUPODFT VOTFDVFTUSPTJOPVOBEFTBQBSJDJO QFSPZBOPQPEBSFDV
DPNJFO[BOBFTDVDIBSTFMPTTVTQJSPTFOUSFDPSUBEPT"MHV QFSBSFMUJFNQPQFSEJEPEFIBCFSFTUBEPTMPMMPSBOEP&OFTUF
OBT NBESFT NVFWFO MPT MBCJPT &TUO QMBUJDBOEP DPO TVT UJFNQPIFDSFDJEPw DPNQBSUFMBTBMUJMMFOTF%JBOB*SJT NB
IJKPT{$VOUPTBVTFOUFTFTUBSOQSFTFOUFTFOFTUBWJFKBGCSJ ESFEF%BOJFM$BOU BRVJFOCVTDBEFTEFIBDFNFEJBEDBEB
DBTJOUFDIP 4J%PB&NNB MBBODJBOBTFOUBEBFOMBTJMMB  )BDFDJODPBPT BMEBSTVQSJNFSBFOUSFWJTUB %JBOBQJEJ
QFSEJBPDIP UPEBMBTJNJFOUFNBTDVMJOBEFTVGBNJMJB4JMBT RVFHSBCBSBOTMPTVTNBOPTZEJTUPSTJPOBSBOTVWP[ QFSPIPZ 
HFNFMBT"MWBSBEPQFSEJFSPOBTVNBNZBTVTUPT{$VOUPT WFODJEPFMNJFEP FTMBQSJNFSBFOUPNBSFMNJDSGPOPEVSBO
EFTBQBSFDJEPTFTUOTJFOEPBCSB[BEPT TJFTUBTNVKFSFTSFQSF UFMBTNBOJGFTUBDJPOFT BVORVFTJFNQSFUFSNJOBMMPSBOEP4V
TFOUBOBPUSBTNVDIBT  BDUJWJTNPMFWBMJFMEJWPSDJP"MIBCMBSDPOTVNBSJEPEFMPT
USNJOPTEFMBTFQBSBDJOMFIJ[PVOBOJDBQFUJDJOiTJZP
MMFHPBGBMUBS UDPOUJOBTMBCTRVFEBEFOVFTUSP%BOJFMw
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MMFWBBDBCPVOOVFWPFODVFOUSPFTUVOB3FQCMJDB.FYJDB NFOUBVOBNBUFSOJEBEDPMFDUJWBi4J%BOJFMZBOPUJFOFWJEB
OBNBMEJCVKBEB5JFOFNBSDBEPTMPTIPZPTOFHSPTFOEPO RVJFSPRVFNJWJEBWBMHBMBQFOBQBSBFODPOUSBSBMPTEFNJT
EFTFMMFWBOBMBHFOUF&MNBQBEFMBEFTBQBSJDJOGPS[BEB DPNQBFSBTw
TF EFTQMB[B QPS 5BNBVMJQBT  /VFWP -FO  $PBIVJMB  $IJ -BT EJTUJOUBT PSHBOJ[BDJPOFT EF EFSFDIPT IVNBOPT RVF MBT
IVBIVB #BKB$BMJGPSOJB 4JOBMPB 4BO-VJT1PUPT ;BDBUF BDPNQBBOMFTIBOEBEPIFSSBNJFOUBTQBSBDPNPEJDFBMHVOB
DBT (VBOBKVBUP +BMJTDP .JDIPBDO (VFSSFSP 2VFSUBSP  QPSBRViTBMUBSEFMAQPCSFDJUBTRVFTPNPT BMATPNPTQPTFFEP
%'P.PSFMPT:TJHVFBCSJFOEPIVFDPT SBTEFEFSFDIPTZBMNJTNPUJFNQPRVFMMPSBNPTTBCFNPTFYJHJS
-BTNVKFSFTZFMQVBEPEFIPNCSFTSFVOJEPTIBOBQSFO MPTw5PNBOOPUBEFMBTFYQFSJFODJBTEFMVDIBEFMBTNBESFTEF
EJEPBMJEJBSDPOFMEPMPSEFMBBVTFODJBZMBJODFSUJEVNCSF $PMPNCJB EF(VBUFNBMB EF"SHFOUJOB PMBTEPBTNFYJDBOBT
%JTFBSPOTVTQSPQJBTFTUSBUFHJBTEFBGSPOUBNJFOUP&OUSBSPO EF&VSFLB4VTNBFTUSBT TVTBODFTUSBT TVTIFSNBOBT
BVOQSPDFTPDPMFDUJWPEFCTRVFEB$SFBSPOSFEFTEFBQPZP &OFMFODVFOUSP FMQTJDMPHPWBTDPRVFWJBKBQPSFMNVOEP
NVUVP4BCFORVFMBEFTBQBSJDJOGPS[BEBFTVOGFONFOPOB FYQPSUBOEPFMNUPEPQTJDPTPDJBM MFTIBCMBEFMBJNQPSUBO

120 121
DJBEFTBMJSEFMBDPOGVTJORVFQSFUFOEFOJNQPOFSMFTRVJFOFT CBKBSQBSBMPTOBSDPT iUFOHPBTDP TFCVSMBSPOEFOPTPUSBTw

RVJFSFOJONPWJMJ[BSMBT "3PCFSUB DVBOEPOPMFRVJTJFSPOFOUSFHBSFMDVFSQPEFTV
iTUBFTVOBMVDIBDPOUSBMBJNQPUFODJB UPEPFTUQVFTUP IJKPBOEPTNFTFTEFTQVTEFIBMMBEP iMFTQSFHVOURVFEF
QBSB QPOFSOPT PCTUDVMPT -B CTRVFEB FTU MMFOB EF QVFS RVMFTTFSWB RVFQBSBFMMPTFSBOIVFTPT QBSBNNJIJKPw

UBTRVFMMFWBOBOJOHOTJUJP DPNPVOMBCFSJOUP1PSRVFFM "T DBEBVOBWBEFTFONBTDBSBOEPMBTFTUSBUFHJBTEFM&T
QSPCMFNBEFMBEFTBQBSJDJOFTRVFQBSFDFRVFOPIBZSFT UBEP
QPOTBCMF RVFOPTFTBCFRVJOGVF QPSRV PDNP1FSPMPT y5F IBDFO TFOUJS RVF UF IBDFO VO GBWPS  DVBOEP FT VO
GBNJMJBSFTUJFOFORVFTFSDPOTDJFOUFTEFRVFGPSNBQBSUFEFVOB EFSFDIPy
FTUSBUFHJBEFFTUJHNBUJ[BDJO EFDVMQBCJMJ[BDJO EFBJTMBNJFOUP y"CSFOWBSJPTFYQFEJFOUFTEFVONJTNPDBTPQBSBDBO
TPDJBM EFQSJWBUJ[BDJOEFMEBP FOFMRVFUPEPTUFIBDFOTFOUJS TBSOPTZDPOGVOEJSOPTy
DVMQBCMFZUFOFNPTRVFWFSDNPQSPUFHFSOPTEFFTPw FYQMJDB y.FEJKFSPOATFPSB OPMPCVTRVF TFMPUSBHMBUJFSSBy
BMHSVQP y&OGSFOUBOBMBTGBNJMJBTZNFUFOJEFBTDPOUSBTVTBTF
i1PS FTPw  DPOUJOB  iDPOTUSVJNPT MBT WJWFODJBT DPMFDUJWBT  TPSFTy
BQSPWFDIBNPT MB FYQFSJFODJB EF UPEPT QPSRVF  BM DPNQSFOEFS y"UPEPMPRVFQFEJNPTEJDFORVFT QFSPFOMBQSDUJDB
FM GFONFOP EF MB EFTBQBSJDJO TBMJNPT EFM DBTP JOEJWJEVBM Z MPOJFHBOy
FNQF[BNPTBUFOFSVOBSFFYJODPMFDUJWBRVFOPTBZVEFBFO y%FTBQBSFDFOFYQFEJFOUFTy
GSFOUBSMP BTBMJSEFMBQBSMJTJTw -MFWBOBMBHFOUFTPMJUBBMBTFYDBWBDJPOFTTJOQSFQBSBSMBT
4JFOUFO BMJWJP DPO FTUBT QBMBCSBT 3FDPOPDFO RVF TJ TF ZBMBNJUBEMBTTVTQFOEFOTPODSVFMFTy
IBOTFOUJEPFOMPRVFDJEBT TJMBHFOUFMBTFWJUBDPNPTJFT y2VFOPUJFOFTEFSFDIPEFBCSJSFMBUBEOJQBSBEFTQF
UVWJFSBOBQFTUBEBTPTJMBTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFTOPBWBO[BO UJF EJSUFEFMDVFSQPEFUVIJKB ZUFRVFEBTDPOMBEVEBEFTJBFMMB
OFSFMBDJODPOMBTFTUSBUFHJBTBQMJDBEBTQPSFM&TUBEPQBSB GVFBMBRVFFOUFSSBTUFPTJTJHVFWJWBy
NBOUFOFSMBTFOMBDPOGVTJO'PSNBQBSUFEFMPTNFDBOJT y5FJOUJNJEBOQPSJOWFTUJHBS EJDFORVFWBOBBDVTBSOPT
NPTEFMBJNQVOJEBE QPSVTVSQBDJOEFGVODJPOFTy
&TUPIBDFSFDPSEBSB$MBVEJB MBNBESFEFVOQPMJDBEFTBQB y4VFTUSBUFHJBOPTMPFTMBEFTBQBSJDJO UBNCJOFTMB
SFDJEP FMNPNFOUPFOFMRVFMBTBVUPSJEBEFTMBMMFWBSPOTPMB OFHBDJOEFMBKVTUJDJBy
B WFS VOB FYIVNBDJO iZB OP TBCB TJ RVFSB TFHVJS  QFSP y4POFYQFSUPTFOFOWPMWFSUFZFOOPIBDFSOBEB/PNT
BI FTUBCBw
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DVBOEPMBPCMJHBSPOBSFDJCJSIVFTPTRVFOPFSBOEFTVIJKB &TDSJUBTTVTFYQFSJFODJBTFOFMQJ[BSSO UPNBGPSNB UB
iRVFQPSDVFTUJPOFTEFTBMVCSJEBEOPQPEBWFSMBw
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DVBOEPMMPSFOFMIPNCSPEFMBGVODJPOBSJBRVFSFTVMUUSB FTGVNBFTBTFOTBDJOEFFTUBSBDJFHBT

122 123
i"T WB B TFS NT EJGDJM RVF OPT RVJFSBO IBDFS UPOUBTw  i:BSFQSFTFOUBNPTBPUSBTWDUJNBTw
GFTUFKBBMHVOB "MOBM VOBEFMBTDPNQBFSBTUPNBMBQBMBCSBZFYQSFTB
4FJT NFTFT EFTQVT  MB QSYJNB WF[ RVF MBT NBESFT Z MBT TV TFOTBDJO EF BNCJWBMFODJB i"VORVF TPT TPO MPHSPT OP
PSHBOJ[BDJPOFTTFFODVFOUSFOEFOVFWPFOFM%JTUSJUP'FEFSBM TJHOJDBO SFTVMUBEPT  QPSRVF BO OP IFNPT SFDVQFSBEP B
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$VBOEP1FESP5POBOU[JOTBMJEFTVPDJOBZWJPVOIF
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NFOPS JEFB EF MP RVF WFOESB $VFSOBWBDB FO EJDJFNCSF
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John Gibler es autor de .PSJSFO.YJDP sur+, 2012), QPF MBMMBNBEBOBSDPHVFSSB-PTSFQPSUFSPTEFOPUBSPKB DPNP
NBTQBSBTFSMFEPTFOVOBCBMBDFSB (sur+, 2012) y .YJDP 5POBOU[JO  DPSSFTQPOTBM EF &YDMTJPS  $BEFOB  Z 6OJWJ
3FCFMEF (Debate, 2011), y colabor en el libro 1BTEFNVFSUPT TJO  ZB DVCSBO BMHVOBT FTDFOBT EF QFSTPOBT BTFTJOBEBT
DSOJDBTDPOUSBMBJNQVOJEBE (Debate, 2011). Es un periodista DVZPTDBEWFSFTIBCBOTJEPEFQPTJUBEPTFOMBWBQCMJDB
independiente que vive en Mxico desde 2006, escribe artculos DPONFOTBKFTFTDSJUPTFODBSUVMJOBTZSNBEPTQPSFM$SUFM
y reportajes sobre poltica nacional y regional. Ha colaborado 1BDDP 4VS  P $14 1FSP MBT CBMBDFSBT FO QMFOB DJVEBE 
en diversos medios impresos estadounidenses y mexicanos, como MBT NBTBDSFT FO MVHBSFT QCMJDPT  FM UFBUSP DBMMFKFSP EF MB
Left Turn, Z Magazine, In These Times, Common Dreams, TBB UBODPNOZBFOMVHBSFTDPNP$VMJBDO 5JKVBOBZ
Yes! Magazine, ColorLines, Democracy Now!, Milenio Sema- $JVEBE+VSF[ FSBWJTUPDPNPQBSUFEFVOBMFKBOBSFBMJEBE
nal y Contralnea. Se gradu en filosofa en la Universidad de OPSUFB6OBSFBMJEBERVFMPTQFSJPEJTUBTEF.PSFMPTOPEJ
Texas y estudi la maestra en filosofa poltica en la London NFOTJPOBCBOOJFOUFOEBO"MHVOPTDPOFTBOBIPSBIBCFS
School of Economics. TFOUJEPHBOBTEFDVCSJSMP

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DJUBSTFQBSBUSBCBKBSFO[POBTEFQFMJHSPZUFSDFSP ZNTB %FTFTQFSBEB FNQF[BNBSDBSMFT QFSPOPMFDPOUFTUBCBO1PS
MBSHPQMB[P EFTBSSPMMBSZQSPNPWFSVOQSPUPDPMPFTUBUBMEF OVOPMFDPOUFTUZMFEJKP iOPUFQSFPDVQFT ZBFTUBNPTFODBTBw

136 137
1FSPTPCSFUPEPFSBVOBQPZPi&NQF[BCBBIBCFSBDDJP 1BSB FTF FOUPODFT QPS MP NFOPT  SFQPSUFSPT Z DVBUSP
OFTFOEPOEFMPTNJTNPTQPMJDBTMPTRVFSBOHPMQFBS PMFT USBCBKBEPSFT EF NFEJPT IBCBO TJEP BTFTJOBEPT EVSBOUF TV
RVFSBORVJUBSTVNBUFSJBM wDPOU1FESP[B NBOEBUP ZOJOHODBTPSFTVFMUP:NTEFNJMQFSTPOBT
&OFTUPTDBTPTMPTSFQPSUFSPTMMBNBCBOB1FESP[BZMFJCBO IBCBONVFSUPFOUPEPFMQBTFOIFDIPTTVQVFTUBNFOUFWJO
JOGPSNBOEPTPCSFMBTJUVBDJOFOMBFTDFOB&OBMHVOPTPUSPT DVMBEPTBMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEPPBTVDPNCBUF ZNFOPTEFM
IJDJFSPO FWJEFOUF TVT QMUJDBT QPS UFMGPOP BOUF BMHO DP USFTQPSDJFOUPEFFTUPTIPNJDJEJPTFTUBCBOTJFOEPJOWFTUJHB
NBOEBOUFEFMBQPMJDBQBSBEFNPTUSBSMFRVFBMHVJFOFOPUSP EPTQPSFMHPCJFSOPGFEFSBM7JPMFODJBEJBSJB UFSSPSZUSBVNB
MVHBSMPTFTUBCBDVJEBOEP TPDJBM ZVOBUBTBEFJNQVOJEBEEFMQPSDJFOUP&OFTUF
DPOUFYUPOPIBDFGBMUBCBMBODF IBDFGBMUBKVTUJDJB
*** 0DIP EBT EFTQVT EFM EJTDVSTP EF $BMEFSO  MPT QSJO
&OTFQUJFNCSFEF VOQBSEFNFTFTEFTQVTEFRVFMPT DJQBMFTNFEJPTDPNFSDJBMFTEFMQBT JODMVZFOEPB5FMFWJTB 
QFSJPEJTUBTEF.PSFMPTDPNFO[BSPOBPSHBOJ[BSTF $BMEFSO 57"[UFDB &YDMTJPSZ&M6OJWFSTBM SNBSPOVOiBDVFSEP
TFDPNQSPNFUJBDPNCBUJSMBJNQVOJEBEBOUFFM$PNJUQBSB QBSBMBDPCFSUVSBJOGPSNBUJWBEFMBWJPMFODJBw MMBNBOEP FO
MB1SPUFDDJOEFMPT1FSJPEJTUBTEJDJFOEPRVFVOTDBMFTQFDJB USFPUSBTDPTBTBiOPJOUFSGFSJSFOFMDPNCBUFBMBEFMJODVFODJBw 
MJ[BEPFODSNFOFTDPOUSBQFSJPEJTUBTMMFWBSBBMPTDVMQBCMFT DPNPTJFTPGVFSBFMQSPCMFNB&MEBTJHVJFOUF -VJT&NBOVFM
BOUFMBKVTUJDJB&OGFCSFSPEFM.JLF0$POOPS SFQSF 3VJ[$BSSJMMP SFQPSUFSPEF-B1SFOTBFO.POUFSSFZ GVFBTFTJ
TFOUBOUFFO.YJDPEFM$PNJU FTDSJCJFOVOJOGPSNFRVF OBEP/PIBZOJOHOBWBODFFOFMDBTP
i$BMEFSOZTVBENJOJTUSBDJOGSBDBTBSPOFODBTJDBEBQBTPw i-BDSUJDBFO.YJDPBMHPCJFSOP FOQBSUJDVMBSBMGFEFSBM FT
3FDPOPDJ RVF MB BENJOJTUSBDJO UPN DJFSUBT BDDJPOFT FO JOUFOTBw EJKP$BMEFSOFOBHPTUPEFMi:RVCVFOPRVFMP
 iQFSPTJOOJOHOBWBODF EFKBOEPBMPTQFSJPEJTUBTTJO TFBFOUSNJOPTEFOVFTUSBEFNPDSBDJBZEFOVFTUSBQMVSBMJEBE 
SB[POFT QBSB QFOTBS RVF FM DMJNB EF JNQVOJEBE DBNCJBS QFSPFTPOPEFCFMMFWBSOPTBPNJTJPOFTFOMBOBSSBUJWBEFMQSPCMF
QSPOUPw NB FOFTBOBSSBUJWBIBZVOBWFSEBEFMFNFOUBMRVFOPQPEFNPT
&O FTUF DPOUFYUP EF BTFTJOBUPT  BHSFTJPOFT  F JNQVOJEBE  FM QFSEFSFMWFSEBEFSPFOFNJHP MBBNFOB[BBMBTPDJFEBETPOMPT
QSFTJEFOUF$BMEFSO FOVOEJTDVSTPBOUFFM'PSP.YJDPFM DSJNJOBMFT OPFTFMHPCJFSOP QPSMPNFOPTOPFOFTUFDBTPw
EFNBS[PEFM EJKPiTJZPOPIVCJFSBTJEPQPMUJDP BMPNFKPS 2VJOFTiDSJNJOBMwZRVJOOPFTBMHPFYUSFNBEBNFO
IBHP NFEFEJDPBMQFSJPEJTNP RVFUBNCJONFHVTUB FTVOB UFEJGDJMEFEFTDJGSBSFOFTUPTMUJNPTBPT4FHOMBMHJ
QSPGFTJORVFSFTQFUP1FSPIVCJFSBIFDIPVOQFSJEJDPRVFTF DBEF$BMEFSO TJFTUTNVFSUPFTQPSRVFFOBMHPBOEBCBT 
MMBNBSB#BMBODF {OP :FOMBQSJNFSBQMBOBQPOESB EFVOMBEP  FTEFDJS GVJTUFDSJNJOBM ZTJFTUTMMFWBOEPVOVOJGPSNFEF
UPEBTMBTOPUJDJBTNBMBT MBTNTJNQPSUBOUFT ZEFMPUSPMBEPEF QPMJDB P TPMEBEP  FOUPODFT BOEBT CJFO  OP QVFEFT IBDFS FM
MBQSJNFSBQMBOB UPEBTMBTOPUJDJBTCVFOBT MBTNTJNQPSUBOUFTw NBM 6OP EF MPT QSJODJQBMFT SFUPT EFM QFSJPEJTNP EVSBOUF

138 139
FMTFYFOJPEF$BMEFSOIBTJEPQSFDJTBNFOUFEFSSVNCBS DPO MBGPSNBFORVFDVCSJNPTMBOPUJDJBw EJKP2VJOUFSPZTFBM
JOWFTUJHBDJPOFT Z EPDVNFOUBDJO EF IFDIPT DPODSFUPT  FTUB PUSPQVOUPDMBWFFOMBBVUPDSUJDBIBDJBMBWJPMFODJBEFMMFO
GBMTBEJTUJODJO HVBKFFNQMFBEBFONVDIPTNFEJPTRVFJNQMDJUBPFYQMDJUB
1FSP$BMEFSORVJFSFRVFMPTQFSJPEJTUBTBQPZFOEFFOUSB NFOUFWVFMWFBWJDUJNJ[BSBQFSTPOBTBTFTJOBEBTiFMHPCJFSOP
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EFBOUFNBOPw NFEJKP-VJT1FUFSTFO EJSFDUPSEF.VMUJNF EFMJODVFODJBPSHBOJ[BEBw EJKPi-FDSFBTVOBJNBHFOEFQP
EJPTFO.POUFSSFZ FOFMi1BSFDFRVFBRVTFUJFOFRVF EFS1PSRVFUBNCJOFTVOBFTUSBUFHJBNFEJUJDBMBRVFFMMPT
IBDFSZFMUPNBSQBSUJEPFTVOBJOTUJUVDJORVFFTUFOSJFTHP VUJMJ[BCBO /PTPUSPT OP TBCBNPT DNP DVCSJS MPT IFDIPT
&MFTUBEPNFYJDBOPFTUFONBOPTEFHFOUFOPSFQSFTFOUBUJWB WJPMFOUPT &OUPODFT  B QBSUJS EF BI OPTPUSPT FNQF[BNPT B
RVFMPOJDPRVFUJFOFFTDBQBDJEBEEFGVFHP5PEBFTUBMVDIB DBQBDJUBSOPTw
NFYJDBOB EF  BPT QPS MB EFNPDSBDJB Z MB BQFSUVSB  FTP 1FTFBMBEFTDPOBO[BIBDJBMBTBVUPSJEBEFTMPTSFQPSUFSPT
ZB OP FYJTUF {2VJO FKFSDF MB TPCFSBOB  {%OEF FTU FM EFMBSFEEFDJEJFSPOQSPNPWFSBOUFFMHPCJFSOPEFMFTUBEPVO
QPEFS  &TU FO NBOPT EF FTB HFOUF <OBSDPT> {-B QPMJDB  QSPUPDPMPEFTFHVSJEBEQBSBSFQPSUFSPT2VFSBOPCMJHBSMPB
*OMUSBEB5JFOFOVOBCVFOBQBSUFEFMBQPMUJDBJOMUSBEB EFOJSNFEJEBTEFTFHVSJEBEDPOMBHFTUJOEFVOQSPUPDPMP
/PTPUSPT OP QPEFNPT IBDFS QFSJPEJTNP {1PS RV  1PSRVF .BDJFM$BMWP SFQPSUFSBEF-B6OJOEF.PSFMPT FTEF
UFOFNPTRVFUFOFSVOBPQJOJOQSFWJBw MPTNJFNCSPTEFMBSFERVFIBUSBCBKBEPFMQSPUPDPMPBQBSUJS
EFQSFHVOUBTDPNP{RVIBDFSTJVOQFSJPEJTUBSFDJCFVOB
*** BNFOB[BEJSFDUBEFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEP {0TJTFDVFTUSBOP
&OTFQUJFNCSFEFMFNQF[BSPOBPSHBOJ[BSZUPNBSUBMMFSFT QSJWBOEFTVMJCFSUBEBVOSFQPSUFSP {$NPSFTQPOEFSBOUF
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FTFFOUPODFTUSBCBKBCBQBSBFMQSJODJQBMQFSJEJDPEFOPUBSPKB i$PO FM HPCJFSOP EFM FTUBEP T IVCP EJTQPTJDJO : DPO
FO.PSFMPT &YUSB GVFVOPEFFMMPT"QBSUJSEFMPTDVSTPTEFDJEJ FM $POHSFTP EFM FTUBEP T OPT UPQBNPT DPO QBSFE QPSRVF
EFKBSEFTBMUBSMPTDPSEPOFTQPMJDJBMFTRVFFODFSSBCBOMBFTDFOBEF OPT EFDBO DBTJ DBTJ  AFT PCMJHBDJO EF VTUFEFT WFOJS B QSF
VOBTFTJOBUP ZNPEFSBSFMMFOHVBKFRVFVTBCBFOTVTOPUBT$BN TFOUBSOPT FM QSPZFDUP Z B WFS TJ MP BQSPCBNPT 4 GVF NVZ
CJMBQBMBCSBiFKFDVUBEPwQPSiWDUJNBw MBQBMBCSBiMFWBOUBEPw SFOVFOUF  JODMVTP BMHVOPT MFHJTMBEPSFT GVFSPO NVZ HSPTFSPT
QPSiQSJWBEPEFMBMJCFSUBEw ZiTJDBSJPwQPSiQFSTPOBBSNBEBw A6TUFEFT {BRVJOFTMFTJNQPSUBO {1BSBRVRVJFSFOVOQSP
i&SBOUSNJOPTRVFFMOBSDPUSDPIBCBJNQVFTUPZOP UPDPMP  6TUFEFT OP TPO FTQFDJBMFT  TPO USBCBKBEPSFT DPNP
TPUSPT FTUCBNPT DPOUSJCVZFOEP DPO FMMPT 'JOBMNFOUF NF UPEPT/POFDFTJUBOVOUSBUBNJFOUPFTQFDJBM OJVOBMFZFT
EJ DVFOUB RVF OPTPUSPT UFOFNPT NVDIB SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE FO QFDJBMw SFDVFSEB$BMWP

140 141
1BSBEFNPTUSBSMBVSHFODJBEFVOQSPUPDPMP BUSBWTEFMB VOBBTBNCMFBZWPUBS6OHSVQPTVCJMBDPOWPDBUPSJBQBSB
SFE EPDVNFOUBSPO WBSJPT DBTPT EF DPNQBFSPT RVF IBCBO MB BTBNCMFB B TV DVFOUB EF GBDFCPPL Z BHSFH VOB FTQFDJF
SFDJCJEPBNFOB[BTPTVGSJEPBMHVOBBHSFTJO EF iWPUB QPS OPTPUSPTw &M PUSP HSVQP TF FOPK Z UBNCJO
6OP EF MPT DBTPT GVF FM EF VOB KPWFO SFQPSUFSB EF MB TVCJTVTQSPQVFTUBTZMBQFUJDJOEFWPUPBMBSFETPDJBM%FM
6OJOEF.PSFMPT FOFMTVSEFMFTUBEP$VBOEPGVFBDV JOUFSOFU B MBT MMBNBEBT UFMFGOJDBT %F MBT QSPQVFTUBT B MBT
CSJS VO BTBMUP FMMB JEFOUJD B VOP EF MPT DSJNJOBMFT  RVF BDVTBDJPOFTZMPTJOTVMUPT-BNBZPSBEFMPTQBSUJDJQBOUFTNF
SFTVMU TFS VO DPNBOEBOUF EF MB QPMJDB EF $VFSOBWBDB DPOUBSPOTVWFSTJOEFMEFTFODVFOUSP QFSP&TUSFMMB1FESP[B
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RVF MF EJKFSPO iUF WBNPT B NBUBS  TBCFNPT EOEF WJWFTw GVFBMDBSBKPUPEPw
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OJDP4VTBNJHPTZDPMFHBTJOUFOUBSPOQSPUFHFSMBZBZVEBSMB TBMJEFMB3FE.FYJDBOBEF3FQPSUFSPTBVORVFTFHVBOPS
BUSBORVJMJ[BSTF-BTBNFOB[BTOPQBTBSPOBVOBBHSFTJO HBOJ[BEPTFOUSFFMMPT-BPUSBNJUBETFRVFEDPOFMOPNCSF
GTJDB QFSPMBFYQFSJFODJBSFTBMUMBOFDFTJEBEEFFMBCPSBSZ EFMB3FE-PTEPTHSVQPTTFHVBOQSPNPWJFOEPFMQSPUPDP
FTUBCMFDFSNFEJEBTEFTFHVSJEBECTJDBTQBSBTJUVBDJPOFTEF MPEFTFHVSJEBE
NVDIPSJFTHP &OFTUPTMUJNPTBPTPUSPTSFQPSUFSPTEFBQJFEFSFHJP
i&O .PSFMPT FTUCBNPT IBDJFOEP VO USBCBKP QBSB RVF OFTQFMJHSPTBTDPNFO[BSPOBPSHBOJ[BSTFFOUSFFMMPT BTBCJFO
OPQBTBSBMPRVFFOPUSPTFTUBEPTw NFEJKP$BMWPi*ODMVTP EBT EF RVF OJ TVT FNQSFTBT OJ FM HPCJFSOP WFMBSBO QPS TV
IJDJNPTFMFTGVFS[PEFWFOEFSMFTMBJEFBBMHPCJFSOPEFRVF TFHVSJEBE &O $JVEBE +VSF[ Z FO $IJIVBIVB SFEFT SFDJO
.PSFMPTGVFSBFMDPOPBOJWFMOBDJPOBMQPSMBEJTQPTJDJO DSFBEBT PSHBOJ[BSPO UBMMFSFT EF TFHVSJEBE QBSB DPCFSUVSBT
EFMUFNBEFOPTPUSPT OPTPMBNFOUFFOMBMJCFSUBEEFFY SJFTHPTBT &O $IJBQBT TF DSF VO CMPRVF EF SFQPSUFSPT RVF
QSFTJO TJOP RVF IVCJFTF NFEJEBT EF TFHVSJEBE EFM QSPQJP USBTDBQBDJUBSTFFOQFSJPEJTNPEJHJUBMVTBSPOFMUVJUFSZMPT
FTUBEPQBSBQSPUFHFSBTVTQFSJPEJTUBT1FSPOBMNFOUFEJKJ CMPHT QBSB EJGVOEJS JOGPSNBDJO DFOTVSBEB &O 7FSBDSV[ 
NPTRVFFTTVPCMJHBDJOMFHBM/PFTRVFTFBNPTFTQFDJBMFT EFTQVTEFDJODPBTFTJOBUPTEFQFSJPEJTUBTFONFOPTEFVO
)BZMFZFTRVFOPTQSPUFHFOZVTUFEFTUJFOFORVFQPOFSUPEB NFT VOHSVQPEFSFQPSUFSPTQPMJDJBDPTFMBCPSBSPOVOQSPUP
FTBEJTQPTJDJOw DPMPQBSBBDUJWBSFODBTPTEFFNFSHFODJB
$POFMOEFQSPNPWFSFMQSPUPDPMPWBSJPTNJFNCSPTEFMB "NFEJPBPEFMBEJWJTJOEFMPTQFSJPEJTUBTEF.PSFMPT
SFEGPSNBSPOVOBBTPDJBDJODJWJMZVOBNFTBEJSFDUJWBQBSB TFIBCBODBMNBEPMBTBHVBT MB3FEFTUBCBFTUBODBEB QFSP
EFMFHBSMBSFQSFTFOUBDJOEFMHSVQPBOUFFMFTUBEP0USPTOP TVT NJFNCSPT TFHVBO PSHBOJ[OEPTF EF GPSNB JOGPSNBM
FTUVWJFSPOEFBDVFSEP)BCBEPTHSVQPTCVTDBOEPMPTQVFT -FTQSFHVOU {RVQBTDPOFMQSPDFTPEFPSHBOJ[BDJOFO
UPTEFMBEJSJHFODJB"DPSEBSPOOPIBDFSDBNQBB DPOWPDBS MB3FE 

142 143
i{2VFTMPRVFNTTFIBRVFEBEP 1VFT MPTDPOPDJNJFO GPUHSBGP EF 1SPDFTP &O FM DPDIF MF QSFHVOU TJ MB HVFSSB
UPTw EJKP%BWJE.POSPZi&ONJDBTPZPOPWFPVOBDPCFSUV TFHVB ZCBKPDVMFTEJONJDBT
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DPTBTRVFDPOMPTDVSTPTOPTIFNPTEBEPDVFOUBRVFQSJNFSP DPNFOVEFPBRVFTBMUTJNP)BZVOOJWFMEFDPOTVNPDPNP
OP WBMFO MB QFOB  Z TFHVOEP  IBDFT WDUJNBT B MBT QFSTPOBT FO$JVEBE+VSF[ZBIPSBFNQJF[BBIBCFSBEJDUPTBMBIFSP
DVBOEPMBTFYQPOFT:BOPIBHPMBTNJTNBTJNHFOFTRVFBO OB MPRVFOPTFWFBBOUFTw
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TJOQFSEFSFTBFTFODJBEFJOGPSNBSEFMPRVFFTUQBTBOEP:P MMBNQPSUFMGPOPBVOQBSEFDPNQBFSPTQBSBBWJTBSMFTEFM
NFRVFEPDPOFTP DPOMPRVFIFNPTBQSFOEJEPQBSBBVUPQSP EFTDVCSJNJFOUPEFMBGPTBDMBOEFTUJOB
UFHFSOPT QBSBOPTFSUBOBHSFTJWPTDPOMBTPDJFEBEw i)JDJNPTNVDIPIJODBQJw NFEJKP iNVDIPOGBTJTFO
&ONVDIPTMVHBSFTEFMQBT NFEJKP.BDJFM$BMWP IBZ[POBT RVFFO.PSFMPTOPIBZRVFDFEFSBMTJMFODJP&OPUSPTFTUB
EFTJMFODJPEPOEFMPTSFQPSUFSPT QPSNVZEJTUJOUBTSB[POFT iFO EPT DPNQBFSPTDBZFSPOQPSFSSPSFTFOFMTJMFODJPZDPOFM
TVNPNFOUPOPTFPSHBOJ[BSPO OPTFQSPUFHJFSPOZUFSNJOBSPO TJMFODJPMBWJPMFODJBTFQVFEFQPOFSQFPS:PDSFPRVFQBSUF
TJFOEPDBMMBEPTZEPNJOBEPTUBOUPQPSFM&TUBEPDPNPQPSMBT EFMBJODPOGPSNJEBETPDJBMRVFTFTJFOUFQPSMPRVFFTUQB
PSHBOJ[BDJPOFTDSJNJOBMFTw TBOEPFTQPSOPIBCFSDBEPFOFMTJMFODJPw
i%JKJNPT QVFTIBZRVFIBDFSFMFTGVFS[PEFPSHBOJ[BSOPT  -MBNBVODPNQBFSPZMFQSFHVOUi{QPSEOEFWBT w
QPSRVFTJEFKBNPTRVFMBBQMBOBEPSBQBTFQPSOPTPUSPT EFT &TUCBNPTZBFOMBPSJMMBEF$VFSOBWBDB DFSDBEFMMVHBS
QVTOPTWBBQBTBSFYBDUBNFOUFMPNJTNPw EJKP$BMWPi:EF EPOEFFOUFSSBSPOMPTDVFSQPT&MDPOUSBTUFDPOFMDFOUSPUV
IFDIP DSFPRVFTMPHSBNPTFMPCKFUJWP BQFTBSEFMBTEJGFSFO STUJDPEFMBDJVEBEOPQVEPTFSNBZPS4FQBSFDBNTBMBT
DJBTZMBTCSPODBTRVFIFNPTUFOJEP BMDBO[BNPTFTFPCKFUJWP PSJMMBTEF&DBUFQFDPBMBTMUJNBTDBTBTEFVOBFYUFOTBGBWFMB
EFMPHSBSRVFOPOPTDBMMBSBOw  EF3PEF+BOFJSP
$BNJOBOEPIBDJBMBDBTBEPOEFFODPOUSBSPOMPTDVFSQPT 
*** .BSHBSJUP1SF[TFNFBDFSD7FBNPTMBTDPMJOBTDPODBTBT
&OMPTQSJNFSPTEBTEFNBZPEFMBDPNQBB1FESP QFRVFBTZQSFDBSJBTIFDIBTEFDPODSFUPZMPOB CBKPFMTPM
5POBOU[JOBTVTKPSOBEBTEFUSBCBKPMFTVOPEFMPTSFQPSUF GVFSUTJNPZTPCSFMBUJFSSBTFDB RVFNBEB1SF[NFDPNFOU
SPTEF.PSFMPTRVFNTTBMFBMPTMVHBSFTQBSBDVCSJSIFDIPT TPCSFMBEJGFSFODJBFOUSFMBTiDBMMFTCPOJUBTwEFMDFOUSPEF$VFS
EFWJPMFODJB%PTIPSBTEFTQVTEFIBCFSMMFHBEPBTVPDJOB OBWBDBZMPTCBSSJPTNBSHJOBEPTDPNPTUF EFMBDPOEJDJO
MF MMFH MB OPUJDJB EFM IBMMB[HP EF VOB OBSDPGPTB RVF JCBO QFTBEBEFMBWJEBZMBDPODFOUSBDJOEFMBWJPMFODJBFOFTUB
BFYIVNBS4BMJNPTFODBNJOPKVOUPDPO#SFOEB3BNSF[  [POB
FMDBNBSHSBGPTDBS3BM-QF[5PSSFTZ.BSHBSJUP1SF[  i:PMPVCJDPDPNPBMHPTPDJBMNFOUFNVZEFOJEPw EJKP

144 145
i.VDIPT EF MPT FWFOUPT RVF DVCSJNPT FTUO FO DPMPOJBT
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MMP TFODJMMBQFSPVOQPDPNTDVJEBEBRVFPUSBTEFMCBSSJP
&TUBCBOWBSJPTQPMJDBTZQFSJUPTFOMBSFKBEFFOUSBEB%FTEF
MB DBMMF EF UFSSBDFSB BMDBO[BNPT B WFS MPT IPZPT EF EPOEF 7BOFTTB+PC
IBCBO TBDBEP EPT DVFSQPT 6O BHFOUF EF MB QPMJDB NVOJ
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%FSFQFOUF NJFOUSBTFTUBCBOHSBCBOEPBMPTNJMJUBSFTZMB
DBTB MPTQFSJUPTFNQF[BSPOBSFUJSBSTF5POBOU[JOMFHSJUB
TDBS5PSSFT iFI `BI WFDNPTFWBO(SBCBDNPTFWBOw
.FEJKPiIBZVOBQPMUJDBEFMHPCJFSOPEFMFTUBEPEFPDVM
UBSMBJOGPSNBDJO QPSFTPTFFTUOZFOEP QPSRVFOPTPUSPT
FTUBNPTBRV&TUOTVTQFOEJFOEPVOBEJMJHFODJBw
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iMBPQFSBDJOTFWBFOQPSMBQSFTFODJBEFMPTNFEJPTw&MO
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/P EFKBSPO OJOHO DPSEO  OJOHVOB HVBSEJB 6O QPMJDB
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ZBEFSFHSFTPFOMBPGJDJOB iFTQPSRVFFTUJOWPMVDSBEB
&TSFHMB$VBOEPVOBBVUPSJEBEQJEFTJMFODJPOPIBZPUSB
FYQMJDBDJONTRVFMBDPNQMJDJEBEw

146
Vanessa Job es reportera especializada en temas polticos, socia-
les y derechos humanos. Durante ms de tres aos form parte
del equipo de la revista Emeequis y ahora labora en el programa
Punto de Partida con Denise Maerker. A lo largo de su trayec- 1
toria ha escrito en el peridico ABC (Espaa), las revistas Pie
Izquierdo (Bolivia), Este Pas y Cambio. Adems en el peri-
dico El Pas (Colombia), el suplemento Petroleum de Reforma, 2VFOVODBMPTWPMVOUBSJPTDVFOUFOBVOPEFNJTQBESFT NJT
el peridico Libertas, el suplemento Letra S de La Jornada, El BNJHPT NJGBNJMJB/VODB:PFODPOUSB3VCO +BWJFS +VBO
Grfico de El Universal, la revista Obras de Grupo Expansin, .BOVFM $BSMPT 3BGBFM 3VCO "CSBIBN /PFM 'SBOTIFTDB 
y durante tres aos fue corresponsal de Time Inc. en la revista 3JDBSEP -VJT"MCFSUP$VBUSPDJFOUPTUSFJOUBZOVFWFDVFSQPT
People en Espaol. EFIPNCSFT NVKFSFTZOJPTBTFTJOBEPTFOMBTFNBOBRVFNF
Es licenciada en Ciencias de la Comunicacin por la Universi- VOBMCMPH.FOPT%BT"RV EPOEFMPTDJVEBEBOPTTFPGSF
dad Intercontinental en la Ciudad de Mxico. Adems estudi DFODPNPFNCBMTBNBEPSFTDJCFSOUJDPTZEVSBOUFTJFUFEBT
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columnista en El Grfico de El Universal, y tiene a su cargo NVDIBDIPTRVFKVHBCBOEFGPSNBFTQPSEJDBVOBDBTDBSJUB
una seccin semanal con historias sobre violencia contra las EFGVUCPMPTFUPNBCBOVOSFGSFTDPFOMBUJFOEBEFMBFTRVJOB
mujeres. Ha colaborado en las revistas Milenio Semanal, Da BOUFTEFFODFSSBSTFFOTVTDBTBT
Siete, Replicante, Newsweek en Espaol, Newsweek Argenti- 2VFSBOIBDFSUSBCBKPTPDJBMDPOQBOEJMMBT QFSPMPTKWF
na, Defensor, Generacin y Bitcora. Tambin ha trabajado OFTEFTQFSEJHBEPTMFTEJKFSPORVFMBTQBOEJMMBTZBOPFYJT
en Milenio Diario, el extinto Centro y la revista Asamblea de UBOTMPIBCBVOBTPMBFMDSUFMEFMPT;FUBT
la Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal, entre otros. Es )BCBOMMFHBEPEFNBTJBEPUBSEF
egresada de la Facultad de Ciencias Polticas y Sociales de la
UNAM y de la Escuela de Escritores de la SOGEM, a la que ***
ha regresado para impartir clases de periodismo narrativo. &MPSJHFOEFFTUBIJTUPSJBFTUFOUFSSBEP
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174 175
FMFTDBMBGO SFDJCFONTEJOFSP NTESPHB VOBSNB.T EJMMFSPMPTEPTCBOEPTMPBTFEJBOMPT;FUBTMPIBOUBCMFBEP
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176 177
QSPQVTP BSNBS VO UBMMFS EF SBQ %BT EFTQVT MMFW B TVT EFOPUFNJFOUP OPTEBNJFEPTBMJSQPSRVFTJFNQSFBOEB
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&TQBDJPT 5PEPT RVFSFNPT FTQBDJPT 6O FTQBDJP EPO 1FSPMBTBVUPSJEBEFTEBOZRVJUBO

178 179
1PS FM CBSSJP EF .PV FYJTUB FM HJNOBTJP QPQVMBS -PT NFYJDBOPTRVFUJFOFOFOUSFZBPTEFFEBE5BNCJO
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TFSDJONBTJWBFO.YJDP%FCJEPBVOBFEVDBDJOEFDJFOUF  RVJFO EJDFOFOFMCBSSJP USBCBKBQBSBVOHSVQPDSJNJOBM
BOJWFMTFDVOEBSJBFMQPSDJFOUPEFMPTNVDIBDIPTDBFFO MPTBMFSUiZBOPTBMHBOBIPSJUBQPSRVFTFWBBQPOFSNVZGFPw
MB DBUFHPSB EF BOBMGBCFUBT GVODJPOBMFT .VDIPT EFKBO MB "MPTQPDPTEBTDPNFO[BSPOBBQBSFDFSDPMHBEPTZFKFDVUBEPT
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TUBFTVOBDJVEBEEFFTUVEJBOUFT-MFHBOEFUPEBTQBSUFT UOF[ JNQBSUF QMUJDBT TPCSF MB WJPMFODJB  DNP JEFOUJDBSMB 
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SSFZ MBVOJWFSTJEBEQSJWBEBNTQSFTUJHJBEBZRVJ[MBNT JNQBSUFOMPTUBMMFSFTBSUTUJDPT7BSJPTKWFOFT MPTNTWVMOFSB
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EFTPDVQBEPTZMPTKWFOFTTJOFTDVFMB FOVOBTPDJFEBERVF BM QSPZFDUP  RVFEBSPO FYDMVJEPT -BT BVUPSJEBEFT FTDPMBSFT
SFMFHBBRVJFOFTOPUJFOFOUUVMPTBDBENJDPT OPQFSNJUJFSPOFMJOHSFTPBiQFSTPOBTBKFOBTBMQMBOUFMw
.PV IB UFSNJOBEP TV DJHBSSP "QBHB MB DPMJMMB DPO FM -PTNTEFTQPTFEPTRVFEBSPO PUSBWF[ TJOMPTFTQBDJPT
QJF Z MB SFDPHF 'PSNB QBSUF EF FTPT DBTJ  NJMMPOFT EF RVFSFDMBNB.PV

180 181
$POMPTUBMMFSFT FYQMJDB3PCFSUP.BSUOF[ MPTFTUVEJBO NJFEP /P UFOB NJFEP  QFSP ZB FTUBCB DBTBEP  UFOB RVF
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1PTZP QPSRVFFTUBCBBSSFQFOUJEP NFIJORV:OPGVFQPS DBNCJB"CFMBSEP4JOUJRVFOPMPMFWBOUBSPOQPSRVFUJFOF

182 183
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184 185
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186 187
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188 189
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190 191
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192 193
-


-VJT(VJMMFSNP)FSOOEF[
Luis Guillermo Hernndez es periodista egresado de la Univer- $VBOEP FTDVDI EFDJS BM TBDFSEPUF  QPS MB UFMFWJTJO 
sidad Autnoma Metropolitana, con estudios de Maestra en RVFNVDIPTKVBSFOTFTOFDFTJUBCBOBZVEBQBSBTVQFSBSTVT
Comunicacin por la UNAM. DSJTJTOFSWJPTBT TVEVFMP FMUFNPSBMBTCBMBDFSBTDPOTUBO
Desde 1994 su trabajo ha sido difundido en peridicos, revistas, UFT Z TVDFTJWBT  %PSB %WJMB OP TPTQFDI RVF QSPOUP TV
radio, televisin y portales digitales de Mxico y Latinoamrica, UFSBQJB PSBM  MBT iHPUJUBT DPOUSB FM NJFEPw FO MBT DVBMFT
en medios como El Universal, Reforma, Grupo Expansin y DSFB IBCSBEFTVNBSTFBVOQFMPUOEFNVKFSFTZIPN
Grupo Televisa, entre otros. CSFTEFDJEJEPTRVFTBMESBOBTBOBSBMNBTBMBDJVEBEEF
En 2007 obtuvo el Premio Nacional de Periodismo por la serie MBNVFSUF
de entrevistas Los nios de la furia y en 2011 el reconoci- .VDIPTNFTFTMMFWBCBBUFTUJHVBOEPVOEFTDPOTVFMPNB
miento del Premio Nacional de Periodismo Cultural Fernando TJWP FO MBT DBMMFT EFM BOUJHVP 1BTP EFM /PSUF  TJO TJRVJFSB
Bentez, por la serie de reportajes La vida despus de San Fer- UFOFSVOBFYQFDUBUJWBDPODSFUBNTBMMEFDPODMVJSVODVS
nando. TPQBSBSFBMJ[BSUSBUBNJFOUPTUFSBQVUJDPTBMUFSOBUJWPT RVF
Actualmente es periodista independiente, becario del Conacyt VOHSVQPEFNVKFSFT QSPWFOJFOUFEFEJTUJOUBT[POBTEF
en el posgrado en Comunicacin de la UNAM, y cursa una MBDJVEBE IBCBDPNFO[BEPSFDJFOUFNFOUFFO4BCJD MBBTP
especializacin en periodismo literario en la Universidad Aut- DJBDJODJWJM4BMVEZ#JFOFTUBS$PNVOJUBSJP BMBRVFFMMBTF
noma de Barcelona. IBCBTVNBEPDPNPEJSFDUJWBQPDPUJFNQPBOUFT

197
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DJVEBE PTVQSPQJPNJFEP TVQBTNPEFIBCJUBOUFBUSBQBEB  NJMJMJUSPT NBDFSBEB BM TPM  EJMVEB FO BMDPIPM P CSBOEZ 
FOMBDJVEBENTWJPMFOUBEF.YJDP2VJ[BMHPFOMBWP[ FO TFSFOBEBQBDJFOUFNFOUFQPSEBTZEJTQVFTUBQBSBFMBMJWJPEF
MBTQBMBCSBTVSHFOUFTEFMTBDFSEPUF"MCFSUP.FMOEF[ WJDBSJP RVJFOTVGSFEFMBTFNPDJPOFTBMUFSBEBT
EFMBNPEFTUBQBSSPRVJBEF4BOUP5PSJCJPEF.PHSPWFKP RVF %PSBUFOBVOBDPSB[POBEBDPOUBCBDPOQBSFTEFNB
FTBOPDIFSFUVNCBSPOTPOPSBTFOVOQVOUPEFMBDPODJFODJB OPTEFNVKFSFTEJTQVFTUBTBBZVEBS DBQBDJUBEBTFOFTFUJQP
EFFTBNVKFS EFUSBUBNJFOUPZDPOMBDFSUF[BEFRVFFOMBFTFODJBEFMBT
7JFOF NVDIB  NVDIB HFOUF B QFEJSOPT BZVEB  NVDIBT PSFTQPEBFODPOUSBSTFBMHVOBSFTQVFTUB
GBNJMJBT RVF IBO QFSEJEP VO IJKP  BM FTQPTPy MB HFOUF FTU 4POUFSBQJBTRVFDPODFOUSBOMBGVFS[BWJCSBDJPOBMEFMBT
TVGSJFOEPNVDIP NVDIPyOPTPUSPTOFDFTJUBNPTBZVEBSMPT PSFTQBSBMBTBOBDJOFNPDJPOBMEJKP%PSBDPNPOJDBFY
&MTBDFSEPUFIBCMBCBQPSNJMFTEFIBCJUBOUFTTJMFODJPTPT FO QMJDBDJOBMQBESF.FMOEF[ RVJFOQBSBFMEPNJOHPTJHVJFO
VOB DJVEBE KPMHPSJP RVF EFWJOP DFNFOUFSJP 4FEF JOUFSOB UF EFTQVTEFMTFSNOEFNFEJPEB ZBFTUBCBBWJTBOEPBMPT
DJPOBMEFMPTGFNJOJDJEJPT EFMBJNQVOJEBE EFMBMVDIBTJO BTJTUFOUFTRVFMBTNVKFSFTEF4BCJDJCBOBPGSFDFSVOBQMUJDB
OFOUSFMPTDSUFMFTEFMBESPHBNTTBOHVJOBSJPTEFMQBT  "QPZPUFSBQVUJDPMFMMBNFMDMSJHPQBSBUPEBT
FMUFSSJUPSJPEFMBWJVEF[DPNPFTUBEPDJWJM DBEBWF[NTDP BRVFMMBTQFSTPOBTRVFUVWJFSBOQSPCMFNBTFNPDJPOBMFTZRVJ
NO EPOEFFMFKSDJUPZMBTGVFS[BTQPMJDJBDBTGFEFSBMFT RVF TJFSBOFTDVDIBS
MMFHBSPOBTJHOJDBSIBTUBNJMFGFDUJWPTKVOUPTFOVOBTPMB %FMBGFMJHSFTB VOBTQFSTPOBTTFRVFEBSPOFOFMBUSJP
UFNQPSBEB  GVFSUFNFOUF BSNBEPT QBUSVMMBCBO  WJHJMBCBO Z EFMBJHMFTJB VOQBUJPBNQMJP TPMFBEP DPOVOQBSEFSCPMFT
DFSOBOFMNJFEPBSBTEFDVFMMPFOMBOJDB[POBRVFEJTQV RVF TPNCSFBO QPRVJUP QPS MB UBSEF  DVZP BSFOBM DPOUJHVP 
UBCBFMUUVMPEFNBZPSDFNFOUFSJPEFMNVOEPFOHVFSSBBMB DPOBQFOBTWFSEFT QBSFDFGVOEJSTFDPOFMBNBSJMMPEFMBUPSSF
EFWBTUBEB*SBL EFMDBNQBOBSJP CSJMMBOUF DIJMMO KVTUPBMDFOUSPEFMBDPMP
%PSB VOBNVKFSEFDJODVFOUBZUBOUPT DVZBWP[EFWFO OJB5PSJCJP(BSDB FOFMOPSUFQPQVMPTPEFMBDJVEBE
UJTDBFWPDBFMUPOPEFDJFSUBTFOGFSNFSBTDPOTBHSBEBT EFNB -BTNVKFSFTEF4BCJDMFTIBCMBSPOEFMQPEFSDVSBUJWPEF
OPTICJMFTDPNPKBSEJOFSB PKPTWJEPT NBSSPOFTDPNPFM MBTPSFT EFMBFOFSHBRVFHVBSEBMBUJFSSBEFMDBNQP EFM
BSNB[OEFTVTMFOUFT MBCPDBVOUSB[PUFOVF FMQFMPFOUSF QPEFSTJOUFUJ[BEPSEFMPTSBZPTEFMTPM EFVODBNJOPBMUFS
DBOP NVZMBDJP TFEFDJEJFTBOPDIFBNBSDBSFMUFMGPOPZ OBUJWPQBSBFODPOUSBSMBQB[JOUFSOBFONFEJPEFMBHVFSSBZ
QFEJSVOBDJUBDPOFMDVSB MBNVFSUF
5FOFNPT FTUP  QBESF  EBOPT DIBO[B EF BCSJS BRV VO "MNJTNPUJFNQPRVFPGSFDBOTVTSFNFEJPT DPOPDBOMBT
DFOUSPEFBUFODJOEJKPFMMB IJTUPSJBT NVZTJNJMBSFT EFTVTQSJNFSBTQBDJFOUFTNVKFSFT 

198 199
KWFOFTNVDIBTEFFMMBT BHPUBEBTQPSSFDVSSFOUFTZTVDFTJWBT $BEB TFTJO  NT FYUFOVBOUF  NT QSPMPOHBEB F JOUFOTB
DSJTJTOFSWJPTBT JOTPNOFT DBSHBEBTDPOEVFMPTOPFMBCPSB RVFMBBOUFSJPS EFUPOBCBFOMPTDPMPOPTNBZPSFTFYQFDUBUJWBT
EPT  DPO BMUFSBDJPOFT EF QFSTPOBMJEBE QSPEVDUP EF MB WJP DBTJ EF JONFEJBUP TJHOJDBCB  FO NVDIPT EF MPT DBTPT  MB
MFODJBEFTBUBEB0BEPMFTDFOUFT BMHVOBTDBTJOJBT QFSPZB OJDBQPTJCJMJEBEEFBZVEBQBSBNJMFTEFQFSTPOBTTJOBDDFTP
WJVEBTZDPOGVFSUFTQSPCMFNBTEFHBTUSJUJT EFIJQFSUFOTJO  BTFSWJDJPTNEJDPT BFTQFDJBMJTUBTFOMBEFWBTUBDJOFTQJSJ
JODMVTP MDFSBT TBOHSBOUFT : UPEBT  TJO FYDFQDJO BMHVOB  UVBM NPSBM BONJDB RVFTBDVEJBMBDJVEBE
BCBUJEBTQPSIVSBDBOFTEFBOHVTUJB FOPKPPFTUST 4J FT DJFSUP  DPNP EJDFO MPT FYQFSUPT  RVF VOB USBHFEJB
/PT EJNPT DVFOUB EF RVF FM QSPCMFNB FSB NVZ  NVZ QVFEF UPDBS BQSPYJNBEBNFOUF B  QFSTPOBT RVF EF VOB
HSBWF-MFHBCBONVKFSFT JODMVTPOJPT FYQVFTUPTBMBWJPMFO VPUSBNBOFSBTFSFMBDJPOBODPOMBWDUJNB FO+VSF[ RVF
DJBSFDPSE%PSBDVBOEPIJ[PVOSFDVFOUPEFFTFUJFNQP FOUSFZQSFTFODJFMBTFTJOBUPEFDBTJNJMQFS
"MBRVFOPMFIBCBOBTFTJOBEPBMFTQPTPEFMBOUFEFTVT TPOBT FTFVOJWFSTPGDJMNFOUFIBCSBBMDBO[BEPMBTEPTNJ
IJKPT QFRVFPT QBSB EFTQPKBSMP EF TV DBNJPOFUB  MF IBCBO MMPOFTEFBMNBT DBTJNJMNTEFMBTRVFSFHJTUSBFMDFOTP
EFTDVBSUJ[BEP BM QBQ QPS EFEJDBSTF BM OBSDPNFOVEFP -B QPCMBDJPOBMEFMBP6ODFNFOUFSJPFNPDJPOBM
RVF OP IBCB QFSEJEP UPEP TV QBUSJNPOJP B NBOPT EF MPT "VOBEPBFMMP BVUPFYJMJBEPTQPSFMUFNPSBMPTTFDVFTUSPT
OBODJFSPTEFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEP MFIBCBODBTJNBUBEPBM PEFTBMFOUBEPTQPSMBDBEBEFMPTTBMBSJPT QSPEVDUPEFMYPEP
IJKPQPSSFTJTUJSTFBQBHBSQSPUFDDJO-BRVFOPDPOUBCBVOB NBTJWP EF DBQJUBMFT Z FM EFTQMPNF EF MB FDPOPNB KVBSFOTF 
IJTUPSJB EF BNFOB[B  MB DPOUBCB EF WJPMBDJO  EF TFDVFTUSP  NVDIPTNEJDPTZFTQFDJBMJTUBTDMOJDPT FOUSFFMMPTMBNBZPSB
EFHPMQFT EFCBMBDFSBT EFBTBMUPTFOQMFOBNBESVHBEBBMQJF EF MPT QTJDMPHPT  IBCBO UFSNJOBEP QPS IVJS B &M 1BTP  FO
EFTVQSPQJBDBNB7JEBTBMCPSEFEFMFYUSFNPQFMJHSPZMB 5FYBT PBPUSBTDJVEBEFT FTUBEPVOJEFOTFTPNFYJDBOBT EPO
JONJOFODJBEFMBNVFSUF EFFMFKFSDJDJPEFTVQSPGFTJOOPTJHOJDBCBMBNVFSUFTFHVSB
"SNBEBT DPO QFRVFBT DBKJUBT DPOUFOFEPSBT EF GSBTDPT OJMBBNFOB[BDPOTUBOUF
DPOHPUFSPT QFSPQSJODJQBMNFOUFDPOVOBHSBOQBDJFODJBZ /PTRVFEBNPTTJOFTQFDJBMJTUBT&OMPTIPTQJUBMFT FO
EJTQPTJDJOQBSBFTDVDIBSIJTUPSJBTEFWJEB VOBTNTUFSSJ MBTDMOJDBT QSJWBEBTPQCMJDBT:NVDIPTDPNQBFSPTUV
CMFTRVFPUSBT MBTNVKFSFTEF4BCJDBUFOEJFSPO FOUSFFMQSJ WJFSPOJODMVTPRVFBQPZBSFOFTQFDJBMJEBEFTRVFOPFSBOMBT
NFSPZMPTUSFTEPNJOHPTTJHVJFOUFT BNTEFWFDJOBTEF TVZBT QPSRVFOPIBCBDBQBDJEBEQBSBBUFOEFSUBOUBEFNBO
MBDPMPOJB5PSJCJP(BSDB EBEJKP-FUJDJB$IBWBSSB VOBEFMBTDBCF[BTEFMDPMFDUJWP
&SBOEFNBTJBEBTUSBHFEJBT EFNBTJBEPTVGSJNJFOUPEF $PNJU.EJDP$JVEBEBOP VOBEPDUPSBDVZPSPTUSP BOHV
MBHFOUFSFDVFSEB%PSBQFOTBNPTRVFFTUPQPEBBZV MPTP CFMMP SFDVFSEBNTBFTBTBDUSJDFTSPNOUJDBTEFMPTBPT
EBS {WFSEBE "VORVFGVFSBVOQPDP BZVEBSBTBOBSUPEBFTB  RVF B VOB MVDIBEPSB TPDJBM BHVFSSJEB  EFDJEJEB  FOPKBEB
BOHVTUJB DPOFMFTUBEPEFMBTDPTBTFOMBDJVEBERVFMBWJPOBDFS

200 201
0USPTDPMFHBTTFFTDPOEJFSPOFODPOTVMUPSJPTTJOBOVO FOJHMFTJBTPSFVOBOBFTUVEJBOUFTEFQTJDPMPHBQBSBBCSJS
DJPT  TJO QVCMJDJEBE  QBSB OP MMBNBS MB BUFODJO EJKP DFOUSPTEFBUFODJO MBNBZPSBEFMBTWFDFTHSBUVJUB PUBMMF
QPSRVFBNVDIPTMPTNBUBSPO JODMVTPQPSBUFOEFSBMBTWD SFTEFZPHB NFEJUBDJO UFSBQJB[FO EFDVBMRVJFSDPTBRVF
UJNBT&MDPNJUNJTNPIBCBTVSHJEPBT EFMIBSUB[HPEF TJHOJDBSBDPOUFODJOEFMEFSSVNCFFNPDJPOBM
MPTNEJDPTBOUFMPTBTFTJOBUPTEFTVTDPMFHBTFOMBTFTDFOBT $PNPUPSSFOUF MBOFDFTJEBEQSPOUPMJCFSOPTMPMBDPO
EFMDSJNFO%FMBTFKFDVDJPOFTDVBOEPQSFTUBCBOTVBZVEBB BO[BFONVDIPTPUSPTHSVQPTRVFUSBBOCBKPFMCSB[PTVT
MPTIFSJEPT EFUFOFSRVFQBHBSDVPUBTEFWJEBBMPTTJDBSJPTP QSPQJBTBMUFSOBUJWBT UPEBTQPUFODJBMNFOUFUJMFTQBSBBMJWJBS
DBOKFBSTVWJEBQPSMBEFTVTQBDJFOUFT MBBJDDJOEFUBOUPTFONFEJPEFMEFTBTUSF TJOPRVFFNQF[
4JOPSEFO OJHBSBOUBT NVDIPTNEJDPTTFGVFSPO DBO BTVNBSNBOPT JODMVTPEFBRVFMMBTQFSTPOBTRVFDBSHBCBO
TBEPTEFQBHBSMBTFYUPSTJPOFTRVFMFTFYJHBODPOBNFOB[BT DPOTJHPMBQFOB MBSBCJB FMPEJPEFIBCFSTJEPWDUJNBTEF
DPOUSBTVTWJEBTZMBTEFTVTGBNJMJBT&OBQFOBTVOUSJFOJP  MBCBSCBSJFZFTUBCBOEJTQVFTUBTBIBDFSBMHPQPSSFDVQFSBS
 B   NT EFM  QPS DJFOUP EF MPT NEJDPT  FTQF TVTWJEBT
DJBMJTUBT Z DBTJ MB UPUBMJEBE EF MPT QTJDMPHPT QSPGFTJPOBMFT
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SFQMFHBEP  Z QBSB DPNJFO[PT EF  +VSF[ UFOB TMP VO 6
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FOMBDJVEBEZVOBNBSDBEBTPCSFPGFSUBEFTFSWJDJPTNEJDPT &SJLBQBSFDFVOBNVKFSGVFSUF EFSBTHPTDPOUVOEFOUFT EF
RVF BVORVFBCBSBUBEPT DBTJOBEJFQPEBQBHBS DBSDUFSTMJEP RVFDPOMBNJSBEBEPNJOBMBDNBSBBOUFMB
1PSFMMP MPRVFFOPUSPTUJFNQPTQVEPTJHOJDBSVONVSP DVBMDVFOUBTVIJTUPSJB
JOGSBORVFBCMF  DPNP QSPQPOFS VO USBUBNJFOUP BMUFSOBUJWP :PWFOBFODFOJ[BT QFOTBCBFOFMTVJDJEJPyEJDF 
DPOTJEFSBEPTVQFSDIFSB DBTJSFEVDJEPBMBDBUFHPSBEFQMB ZTVTPKPT OFHSPTDPNPQMVNBTEFDIBOBUF TFDMBWBOFOMPT
DFCPQPSMBDJFODJBGPSNBM UFSNJOQPSHFSNJOBSFOVOUF PKPTEFRVJFOMBNJSBBUSBWTEFMNPOJUPS DPNPTJQVEJF
SSFOPWJEP OFDFTJUBEPEFDVSB DPNPFSBDJVEBE+VSF[FO SBOBUSBWFTBSMPTDSJTUBMFT WJWPT%FTFSNBNEFUJFNQP
FMNPNFOUPRVF%PSBZMBTNVKFSFTEF4BCJDQMBOUBSPOFOMB DPNQMFUP QBTBTFSNBESFZQSPWFFEPSB BEFKBSBNJTIJKPT
HFOUFTVTPSFTEF#BDI TPMPT MB NJUBE EFM EB 7FOB UPUBMNFOUF DPO MB BVUPFTUJNB
-BOFDFTJEBEFSBNBZTDVMB TJOQSFDFEFOUFTFOVOBDJV QPSFMTVFMP OPUFOBMBGPSUBMF[B SFOFHBCB OPBMDBO[BCBB
EBERVFOPFTUBCBQSFQBSBEBQBSBVOEFTBGPFNPDJPOBMEF DPODFCJSNJWJEBTJONJFTQPTP OPMPFOUFOEB5PEBWBIBZ
FTFUBNBPTVSHBOUFSBQJBTEFUPEBOEPMFQPSUPEPTMBEPT  EBTRVFOPMPFOUJFOEPEJDF
QFSPOJOHVOBTFEBCBBCBTUPQBSBBUFOEFSMBEJNFOTJOEFMB 4FOUBEBFOVOBEFMBTFTRVJOBTEFTVDPNFEPS IBCMBEF
USBHFEJB"MHVOBTNVKFSFTJNQSPWJTBCBOUBMMFSFTEFTBOBDJO TV FYQFSJFODJB DPNP WDUJNB EF MB WJPMFODJB 3FDVFSEB  TJO

202 203
MHSJNBTQPSRVFZBTFMFBHPUBSPO VOSFQPSUFEFQFSJEJDP  BSEJFOUFDPSBKF DPOFSBWBMFOUB"USBWJFTPMBPTDVSJEBEEFM
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DJFSUBNFKPSBBONJDB:BIBCMBCBNT ZBDPNB1VEPDP TPEFTDPOPDJEBQFSPRVFSFRVJFSFJOUFSWFODJOVSHFOUF
NFO[BSFMSFFODVFOUSPFNPDJPOBMDPOTVTIJKPT EFEPT TFJTZ -BTKPSOBEBTTFDPOWJFSUFOQPDPBQPDPFONPNFOUPTQBSB
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BHVB DBEBPDIPIPSBTFMQFTPEFMPTSFDVFSEPTGSFOUFBMFT FMEPMPSFTFMNJTNP QFSPTFQSPDFTBEJTUJOUP
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MBWJEB RVFQVFEFWJWJSTFBVORVFEJTUJOUB"GFSSBEBBMQFTP ONJDBEFTVDJVEBE MBNTEFOTBNFOUFPDVQBEBQPSMBJO
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&SJLB QVFEFMFWBOUBSTFEFTVEFSSVNCFDPOMBTGSBTFTBSNB FM BQPHFP MBCPSBM Z DPNFSDJBM EF MB DJVEBE GSPOUFSJ[B NT
UJWBT QBSUFEFTVUFSBQJB RVFBDBEBNPNFOUPEFCFSFQFUJS FOKBVKB IBCMBOEFMEFSSVNCFQMFOP FTUSFQJUPTP TJOWBDJMB
i*OTFHVSJEBE)PZVZPFOMBWJEBDPOGVFS[BQBSBTBMJSBEF DJO RVFWJWFO
MBOUF5FOHPGFFORVFFMBNPSZMBCPOEBEIBCJUBOFOUPEPMP .JFOUSBT IBDFO SFDVFOUPT QFSTPOBMFT  DSUJDPT  EFM SF
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EBEEFEFDJTJO&OGSFOUPMPTPCTUDVMPTZMBBEWFSTJEBEDPO NVOJDJQBMFTQPDPJOUFMJHFOUFTFJOTFOTJCMFT JODBQBDFTEFIB

204 205
DFSGSFOUFBMSFTRVFCSBKBNJFOUPTPDJBMNJFOUSBTTFBSSFNBO 4FNF[DMBODPOMPTNBTBKJTUBTEFUPEBTMBTUFOEFODJBTDV
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EF TVT FTDFODJBT WFSUJEBT FO FTPT GSBTDPT DPMPS NCBS  MBT SFJLJTUBT RVJFOFTJHVBMQSPQPOFONBTBKFTEFQJFTZUPCJMMPT 
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UBMMFSFTQBSBOBSSBSUSBHFEJBTQFSTPOBMFT TPCSFUPEPDPOOJ DBMMFKFSPT MPTHSBUUFSPT MPTEJCVKBOUFT RVFPSHBOJ[BOUB
PT Z NVKFSFT  Z IBTUB SFVOJPOFT EF DBUSTJT QBSB NBOFKBS MMFSFTEFQJOUVSBZEJCVKPQBSBOJPTZKWFOFT BMNJTNP
TVDFTPTWJWFODJBMFTFYUSFNPT DPNPMBTCBMBDFSBTPMBTQFSTF UJFNQPRVFMPTDIBWPTEFMDPMFDUJWP1BDUPQPSMB$VMUVSB 
DVTJPOFTBUJSPEFQMPNPBQMFOBMV[EFMEB VOBBTPDJBDJORVFQMBOUFBBMUFSOBUJWBTBSUTUJDBTDPOUSBMB
"I EPOEFFTUOUBNCJOEJTUJOUPTHSVQPTEFUBOBUMPHPT  WJPMFODJB QSFTFOUBOSFDJUBMFTBMBJSFMJCSFDPOHVJUBSSJTUBT 
FYQFSUPTPJNQSPWJTBEPTQPSUBOUBOFDFTJEBE RVFCVTDBOBV BVUJTUBT MBTHSBDJBTEFBMHVOPTNJNPT BDUPSFTRVFJNQSP
YJMJBSBMBHFOUFFOFMBDPNQBBNJFOUPEFFOGFSNPTUFSNJOBMFT WJTBO BOUF MPT QSFTFOUFT NJFOUSBT QBTB MB UBSEF 5BNCJO
ZFOTPCSFMMFWBS MPNTEJHOBNFOUFQPTJCMF MBTNVFSUFTWJP FTDSJCJFSPOVOBPCSBEFUFBUSP DSUJDBBMBFTUSBUFHJBEFHVF
MFOUBTEFGBNJMJBSFTPQFSTPOBTRVFSJEBT BIQPSQSJNFSBWF[TF SSBEFMHPCJFSOPGFEFSBM RVFGVFBDUVBEBQPSWDUJNBTEFMB
JOTUBMBOMBTNFTJUBTEFUSBCBKPEFMBTUFSBQJTUBTEF4BCJD WJPMFODJB

206 207
3FDVQFSBOKVOUPTFMFTQBDJPQCMJDPZDBEBWF[DPONB HJUBOP MPTHSJUPTEFOJPTSFDVQFSBOEPTVWJEB MBTFTUSP
ZPSBTJEVJEBEMPSFDPOTUSVZFOTVZP6OUSBCBKPOBEBGDJM GBTEFVOSBQPIJQIPQEF.$$SJNFOHSJUBOEPiFONJ
FOVOBDJVEBEDPONJFEPDBTJEFDBEBKVBSFOTFTIB WFDJOEBSJPMBNVFSUFSPOEBBEJBSJPDIJDPTNBMPTKVFHBOB
EFKBEPEFTBMJSEFOPDIFQPSUFNPSBMBJOTFHVSJEBE$BTJMB CVSMBSBMDPNJTBSJPDVBOEPDJMBOPDIFZMPTQFSSPTMBESBO
NJUBEEFMBDJVEBEEFKBEFBTJTUJSBMDJOFZMBNJTNBQSPQPS TJOSFQSPDIFMPTOJPTZBOPQJFOTBOFOKVHVFUFTw
DJOZBOPTBMFBDFOBSBSFTUBVSBOUFT BUPNBSMBDPQBDPOMPT +VOUPT  DPOHSFHBEPT  JOTVMUBEPT  EPMJEPT  DPNQBSUFO TVT
BNJHPT QBSBEFCBJMBS TFHOMPTEBUPTEFMB4FYUB&ODVFTUB FYQFSJFODJBTZUSBUBOEFMJCFSBSTFEFTVTGBSEPTiBVOBNVKFS
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4FBDBCBOMBTDBNJOBUBT TFBDBCBFMFTUBEJP MPTOPWJB[HPT DBNJPOFUBw0USBiQFSEJUPEPTVQBUSJNPOJP MBBNFOB[B
FOFMQPSUBM MBTCBODBTDPOBNBOUFT FMCVMMJDJP&MQPS SPOZMBEFTQPKBSPOEFTVTCJFOFTQPSSFTJTUJSTFBQBHBSQSP
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RVFT FOMBTDBSSFUFSBTTFBDBCBMBWJEBTPDJBM4MPIBZNJFEP MFTFDVFTUSBSPOBMQBQVOBWF[ MPSFUVWJFSPOVOUJFNQPZ
ZOJTJRVJFSBKVTUJDJBFMQPSDJFOUPEFMPTEFMJUPTRVFEBO MVFHP USBTMJCFSBSMP EPTNFTFTEFTQVTMPWPMWJFSPOBTFDVFT
JNQVOFT$PNQMFUBNFOUFJNQVOFT USBS FTUBWF[QBSBRVJUBSMFMBWJEBw"VOSBQFSPRVFiIBDB
$PNPFYQMJDB7FSOJDB$PSDIBEP VOBEFMBTDBCF[BTWJ NBMBCBSFTFOVODSVDFSPMFNFUJFSPOCBMB[PTwi6OBOJB
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4FQVFEFMMFHBSBTFSNTGVFSUFRVFFMEPMPS HFO UPEPT MPT BDUJWJTUBT %B MP NJTNP TJ UFSBQJTUBT PSBMFT 
: FOUPODFT  FOUSF MPT NBMBCBSJTNPT EF MPT TBMUJNCBO BDUPSFT P EJCVKBOUFT $PO BQFOBT SFDVSTPT  DPO VO NVDIP
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TTTIIIJJVVVVBHVEP JOUFSNJOBCMF EFMPTCPUFTEFBFSPTPMRVF BDUVBS  FO NFEJP EF BNFOB[BT  EF DBSFODJBT RVF MFT IBDFO
NBOBOB[VMFT SPKPTPWFSEFTIBDJBMBTQBSFEFT PMBTSJNBT EFTBQBSFDFSPFNQFRVFFDFSBOUFMPTEFTBGPT
EF VOB DBODJO EF USPWB HBSBOUJ[BOEP iNBRVJMBEPSB TMP $BEB VOP FO TV USJODIFSB  FTUBNPT IBDJFOEP USBCB
SFDVFSEPTFSBMHOEBZMBDPTFDIBUVQSPQJPGSVUPTFS KP QSPGVOEP QBSB SFDPOTUSVJS  QBSB SFWJWJS EJDF 7FSOJDB
BMHOEBZBMBEFTBQBSFDJEBMFIBSOKVTUJDJBw PBMHVOBEF $PSDIBEP  RVJFO NF IBCMB EF NVKFSFT BDUJWJTUBT RVF SFBMJ
MBTNVDIBTGSBTFTJONPSUBMJ[BEBTQPS4IBLFTQFBSFSFDJUBEB [BO TFHVJNJFOUP B OJPT IVSGBOPT  NT EF  NJM TFHO
DPOFTBTDITJMCBEBTDPNPTI MBTDPQMBTEFVOSPNBODFSP MBTFTUJNBDJPOFTFYUSBPDJBMFT)BCMBEFIPNCSFTRVFDSFBO

208 209
UBMMFSFTEFNTJDB EFQJOUVSB EFCBJMF RVFBGBMUBEFQBSRVFT i7yw
PQMB[BT TFSFGVHJBOFODBTBT FOQBUJPT EPOEFSFBMJ[BOEFT
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NBO RVFPSHBOJ[BODPODJMJPTEFSFFYJO EFEJTDVTJO EF VOPEFFTPTNVSBMFTRVFMPTBDUJWJTUBTEFMDPMFDUJWP"SUF $P
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&MMBNJTNB 7FSOJDB FODBCF[BCSJHBEBTRVFQPSMBTDB FONFEJPEFVODJFMPB[VMPTP DPSUBEPQPSDFSSPTSJEPT TJO
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BMBTBSUFT DFSDBOBDPOMBMFDUVSB QBSBUSBUBSEFBSSBODBSB IPNCSFTZNVKFSFTDPOSPTUSPTEFTEJCVKBEPTFOUSB[PTSBCJP
MPTOJPT BMPTNJMFTEFKWFOFTTJOPQDJPOFT EFMBTGVDFT TPT UPTDPT BDIJDIBSSBEPTQPSVONBSUJSJP DPNPTFEFTEJCVKB
EFMPTDSUFMFTEFMBESPHB MPRVFEVFMF MPRVFQVO[B ZRVFTJOFNCBSHPEFKBMBUJS BVO
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BQPZP DPNVOJUBSJP NT BNQMJP  NT PSHBOJ[BEP  FO DFO EFTPMBEBT DPNP EF QVFCMP GBOUBTNB  EF HFOUPT BVTFOUFT Z
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MPTNJTNPTDPMPOPT EFTQVTEFMBTBOHSF EFMEFTJFSUPBSFOPTPEFMPTMBCJPT EFM
4FDPOWJFSUFOKVOUPTFOVOFKSDJUPRVF FODBTJDVBUSP USFQJEBSEFMBDBSOF EFMQOJDPQVSPZMMBOP1FSPTJOPMWJEP
BPT EBUSBUBNJFOUPBNTEFNJMQFSTPOBT RVFFSJHF 4JPMWJEBNPTMPPDVSSJEP FTUBSFNPTGBMMOEPOPTDPNP
NT EF  NVSBMFT HSBOEFT P QFRVFPT  RVF IBDF OBDFS TPDJFEBE4JEFTQVTEFUPEBFTUBNVFSUFWPMWFNPTBMBDP
GFTUJWBMFTEFDBOUP EFCBJMF2VFGPSKBDJVEBEBOBOVFWBZ SSVQDJO BMBWJPMFODJB IBCSFNPTQFSEJEPNTRVFFOFTUB
DPOTUJUVZFMPRVF%PSB MBEJSFDUPSBEF4BCJD TBCFOPNCSBS HVFSSBEJDF-FUJDJB$IBWBSSB RVJFOGVFDPOWPDBEBBTV
DPOUBOUBQSFDJTJO NBSTF B MBT NFTBT EF USBCBKP RVF TDBMJ[BO MPT BWBODFT EFM
6OBWFSEBEFSBHVFSSJMMBEFTBOBDJO HPCJFSOPFONBUFSJBEFTFHVSJEBE1BSBSFDPOTUSVJSFMUFKJEP
TPDJBMUJFOFRVFIBDFSTFVOUSBCBKPNVZQSPGVOEP NVZEFMJ

210 211
DBEP RVFEFTBGPSUVOBEBNFOUFOVFTUSBTBVUPSJEBEFTBDUVBMFT %PTWFDFT USFT$JODP"QSFUBSMPTNTDVMPTEFMDVFSQP TPM
OPTPODBQBDFTEFIBDFSyOPTDPSSFTQPOEFIBDFSMPBOPTP UBSMPTKVOUPDPOFMBJSFRVFFYIBMB"QSFUBS TPMUBS*OIBMBS 
USPTZWBNPTBTBMJS FYIBMBS
3FDVFSEPVOBEFMBTIJTUPSJBTRVFNFDPOUBSPOMBTNVKFSFT 4JOTFSUPDBEB EFCFTFOUJSMBWJCSBDJOFOFSHUJDB&MVKP
EF4BCJD ZTRVFIBZNVDIPEFDJFSUPFOUPEPFTP EFTVDBMPSIBDJBFMDBMPSEFMBCSJHBEJTUB-BUFSBQJBSFJLJ-B
6OBNVKFS RVJ[BPT EFMHBEB MBQJFMCMBODB FMDB TFOTBDJOEFRVFMBNTJDB VOTJMCJEPUFOVF DPNPMFKBOP 
CFMMPMBSHPZMBDJPDPNPVOBTFEBOFHSB MPTPKPTPDVMUPTUSBT WBJNQSFHOBOEPEFTPTJFHPFMFTUNBHPDPOWVMTJPOBEP3F
VOPT MFOUFT JONFOTPT  PTDVSPT  TF BQFB EF VOB DBNJPOFUB WVFMUPEFNJFEP
EFMMBOUBTDPNPEFUSBDUPS&OMPTCSB[PT FOMBTPSFKBT FOFM /P QJFOTF FO OBEB 4JFOUB TV DVFSQP  TV FTQBMEB  TV
DVFMMP PSP.VDIPPSP2VFCSJMMBDPNPFMEFTUFMMPEFVODV DBCF[B"RV"IPSB)BCMFDPOM%HBMFRVTJFOUF
DIJMMPMPTPDVBOEPTFFOGSFOUBEFQSPOUPBMSBZPEFMTPM $PNP TPO UFSBQJBT EF DBUBSTJT MB CSJHBEJTUB JOUFOUB RVF
)BDF VOB TFNBOB RVF OP QVFEP EPSNJSy QPS GBWPSy MBNVKFSTFDPOFDUFDPOTVEPMPS DPOUPEPTVFTQBOUP1PSRVFMB
WFOHPBRVFNFBZVEFOEJDF UFOEFODJBEFMBHFOUFFTOPUPDBSFMEPMPS OPSBTDBSTFEPOEFMFT
1BSBFMUFSSFSPEFMBDPMPOJB-QF[.BUFPT QBSBMPTVTPT EVFMF&WBEJS1FSPMBTFNPDJPOFTTVFMFOBDVNVMBSTF&TUBMMBS
ZDPTUVNCSFTEFVOBDJVEBERVFBQSFOEJBCBMB[PTBJEFO :FOUPODFT FTBNVKFSTJFOUFDNPBNJOPSBFMDIBTRVJEP
UJDBSBTVHFOUF MBNVKFSFODBKBQFSGFDUPFOVOFTUFSFPUJQP EFMBNBOECVMB FMTPOJEPEFMPTEJFOUFTBMSFDIJOBS2VJ
EFBMHVOBNBOFSB MJHBEBBMOBSDP [ FM FTUSFNFDJNJFOUP RVF SFFSFO BMHVOBT  RVF DPNP VOB
$PNPFMQSPDFEJNJFOUPFTTJFNQSFFMNJTNPQBSBUPEPT HPUB IFMBEB SFTCBMB QPS MPT QPSPT EF MB FTQBMEB  EFM DVFMMP
RVJFOFTTFBDFSDBODPOMBTCSJHBEJTUBTEF4BCJD VOBEFFMMBT 2VJ[FMQSFDJQJDJPRVFTFBCSFFOMBCPDBEFMFTUNBHP B
TFHVSBNFOUFMFQSFHVOUBQPSTVTTOUPNBT QVOUP EFM WNJUP &TF SFTQJSBS FM NJFEP EF TV BESFOBMJOB 
/PQVFEPEPSNJS&TUPZBOHVTUJBEB DPNPTJTJOUJFSB FTFTPMUBSMPTCSB[PTBCBOEPOBEPTBMUFNCMPS&MEFTJFSUPBSF
RVFFODVBMRVJFSNPNFOUPNFWBOBNBUBS OPTPEFMPTMBCJPT&TUSFNFDJNJFOUP1OJDPQVSPZMMBOP&M
{5SBFBMHVOBQSFPDVQBDJOFTQFDJBM BMHPRVFMBBOHVT FTQPTPNVFSUP MBTBOHSF TFHVSBNFOUFMBTCBMBTEFTUSP[O
UJFFOQBSUJDVMBS EPMFNFEJPDVFSQP PFMDVFSQPDPNQMFUP&MEFSSVNCFEF
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/PIBZNTQSFHVOUBT3FDPTUBEBFOMBDBNJMMB DVBOEPIBZ QBESF&MBVMMJEP FMEPMPS&MNBMEJUPEPMPS&MGVUVSPTJOO
DBNJMMB PTFOUBEBFOVOBTJMMB VOCBODP MBNVKFSEFCFEFT 4MPBMOBM DVBOEPMBUFSBQFVUBMFQSFHVOUBTJFTUFODPO
QPKBSTFEFUPEPTTVTPCKFUPTNFUMJDPT DFSSBSMPTPKPT%FCF EJDJPOFTEFBQPSUBSVOEPOBUJWP MBNVKFSFOKPZBEBMFDPOUFTUB
SFBMJ[BSFKFSDJDJPTEFSFTQJSBDJO6OBJOIBMBDJOQSPGVOEB  /P/PUFOHPVOQFTP.BUBSPOBNJFTQPTPZZPNF
MFOUB-BSFUFODJOEFMBJSF-BFYIBMBDJOMFOUB TJOQSJTBT RVFEFOMBDBMMF/PUFOHPUSBCBKP/PUFOHPQBSBEBSMFEF

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DPNFSBNJTIJKPT5FOHPMBUSPDB QFSPMBFTUPZWFOEJFOEP 1PSFTPMBTBOBDJOUFOBRVFDPNFO[BSQPSMBTPSFT
5FOHPFTUBDBEFOB TJMBBDFQUBOy QJFOTPQSFDJTBNFOUFQPSMBTPSFT SFQSFTFOUBEBTFOMBT
/P&TUCJFOEJDFMBCSJHBEJTUB HPUBTEFMBTNVKFSFTEF4BCJDPMPTNVSBMFTEFMPTDIBWPTEFM
&TRVFRVJFSPUSBFSBNJTIJKPTUBNCJO 1BDUP QPS MB $VMUVSB 1PS MPT WFSTPT EF MPT QPFUBT MPDBMFT P
5SJHBMPT/PTFQSFPDVQF:DVBOEPUFOHBPQPSUVOJ MBTDBODJPOFTRVFUBSBSFBOTVGVSJBPSFT#PUPOFTEFWJEBSF
EBE SFHSFTFBDPOUJOVBSTVUFSBQJB OPWBEB2VFHSJUBORVFFTUBUJFSSBFTUWJWB RVFFTUMJTUBQBSB
: FOUPODFT MMFHB FM iHSBDJBTw NT QSPGVOEP RVF QVFEBO TFSGSUJMOVFWBNFOUF EFTQVTEFRVFIBTJEPBSSBTBEBQPSFM
FTDVDIBS$PNPVOBPSTFRVFFOMBTDPMPOJBTEFMBQFSJGF GVFHP
SJBEF+VSF[ FOFTPTDFOUSPTEFSJRVF[BFGNFSBRVFIBDSFBEP
FM DSJNFO  EPOEF MB WJPMFODJB FT MB QSJODJQBM BDUJWJEBE  OP
FTJOVTVBM&MEFMNVOEPSPUPQPSFMOBSDPUSDP EPOEFMB
USPDBZMBTDBEFOBT JODMVTPMBSPQB TPOBQFOBTFMMUJNPTVT
UFOUPEFUPEBVOBGBNJMJB1PSRVFNVFSUPFMOBSDP TFBDBC
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$PNPFTDSJCF7JLUPS'SBOLM FMQTJDPUFSBQFVUBBVTUSBDP
TPCSFWJWJFOUF EFM )PMPDBVTUP FO MB 4FHVOEB (VFSSB .VO
EJBM FT VOB VSEJNCSF EF SFDVFSEPT OUJNPT  EF QFRVFPT
NPUJWPT JOUFSOPT  MP RVF BM OBM IBDF RVF VO TFS IVNBOP
EFTQPKBEPEFUPEP IBTUBEFTVEJHOJEBE MPHSFBDFQUBSRVFMB
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GSPZMBCSVUBMJEBERVFTMPVOTFSIVNBOPFTDBQB[EFJO
JHJSBPUSP FTMBJOUFOTJDBDJOEFMPWFSEBEFSBNFOUFJN
QPSUBOUF FO MB WJEB  FT VO CSFWF BUJTCP EF BNPS  FM NPUPS
JOTVTUJUVJCMFRVFFNQVKBBTPCSFWJWJS
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DVBOEPDPOUFNQMPFTBTDBMMFTDBTJTJOWFSEPSFT EFHSVFTP
TBMJUSF EFMBOUFEFMPTFTDPNCSPTEFMB1MB[BEFMBT"NSJ
DBT DVBOEPFTDVDIPEFOVFWPFMFTUBMMJEPEFMBTWJEBTSPUBT
MBTVQFSWJWFODJBFTQPTJCMFDPNPVOBPSFOFTUFEFTJFSUP

214 215
-

%BOJFMB3FB
Daniela Rea Gmez comenz sus actividades periodsticas en AIWJFOFO1PSMBWFSFEBEFUJFSSBMPTIPNCSFTTVCFOIBTUB
Veracruz, donde escribi sobre temas indgenas, migratorios y MB DJNB EFM QVFCMP 6OP USBT PUSP B QBTPT MFOUPT  BMHVOPT
sobre la vida cotidiana del puerto. En el ao 2003 recibi el BOEBO EFTDBM[PT TF EF CSB[PT GVFSUFT Z DBNJOBS IPMHBEP
Premio de Reflexin sobre Derechos Humanos, entregado por FT5SJOJEBE RVJFOIBDFVOPTNFTFTJOUFOUTFDVFTUSBSBVO
la CNDH. En el 2005, lleg a la Ciudad de Mxico, y a par- UBYJTUB6OPTNFUSPTNTBMMBOEBFMKPWFO3BM EFNJSBEB
tir de ese ao trabaj para el diario Reforma en la cobertura BMUBOFSB BOPSHVMMPTPEFIBCFSNBUBEPBVONVDIBDIPFO
de pobreza, derechos humanos, conflictos sociales y el impacto VOBSJB5BNCJOTFBDFSDB+PT DVMQBCMFEFBTFTJOBSBVOP
social de la violencia. Ha colaborado con las revistas Replicante, RVFJOUFOUWJPMBSBTVNVKFS
Etiqueta Negra y ReVista, The Harvard Review of Latin Ameri- &OMBDJNBEFMQVFCMP CBKPVOSCPMRVFFYUJFOEFHFOFSP
ca, as como con los portales Cosecha Roja y Anfibia. Sus textos TPTVTSBNBT BHVBSEBOPUSPTIPNCSFTBSNBEPTDPOFTDPQFUB
aparecen en las antologas 1BTEF.VFSUPT (Debate), /VFTUSB PSJFBMIPNCSP4FNJSBOZTFTBMVEBODPODBNBSBEFSB 
"QBSFOUF3FOEJDJO (Debate) y NJHSBOUFT (Almada). For- NJYUFDPT UMBQBOFDPT OBIVBT NFTUJ[PT
ma parte de los Nuevos Cronistas de Indias, de la Fundacin i{$NPMFWB w TFQSFHVOUBO DIPDBOMBTNBOPT TFQBM
de Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano. Es integrante fundado- NFBOMBFTQBMEBDPNPTJSFDJOUFSNJOBSBOVOBDBTDBSJUBEF
ra de la Red de Periodistas de a Pie. Adems, es co-coordinadora GVUCPM QFSPMPRVFPDVSSFBRVFTFMFODVFOUSPFOUSFEFMJO
de este libro y de los videos que acompaan el proyecto. DVFOUFTZTVTWJHJMBOUFT MPTQPMJDBTDPNVOJUBSJPT

219
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RVFEFTEFFOUPODFTJOUFOUBDBMNBSMBJOTFHVSJEBEZMBWJP EFJOWFTUJHBDJO BMBDSJNJOBMJ[BDJOEFWDUJNBTQBSBJOUJ
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JOEHFOBUMBQBOFDPRVFBQFOBTIBCMBFTQBPM EFEJFOUFTEFT IVBSBDIFT MMFHDPOFMSFTUPEFMPTEFUFOJEPTMVFHPEFQBTFBS
QPTUJMMBEPT FYIJCJEPTTJOQVEPSFOVOBTPOSJTBi/POFDFTJUB VOSBUPQPSFMSPDPNPDBEBEPNJOHP TVEBEFEFTDBOTP
DFSUJDBDJODPNPHPCJFSOPRVFQBHBNJMMPOFTZNJMMPOFTZ -MFWB USFT NFTFT EF DPNVOJEBE FO DPNVOJEBE BSSFHMBOEP
OPIBZDPOBO[B"RVT FMEFUFOJEPTBCFRVFQPMJDBOPFT DBSSFUFSBT FTDVFMBTPMPRVFFTUGFP4VDBTUJHPFTTBOBSDPO
CPSSBDIP OPQFMFB DVJEBBMQVFCMP QVFTw TVUSBCBKPFMEBPIFDIPBMUBYJTUBRVFJOUFOUTFDVFTUSBSZBM
$FSDBEFM TPCSFMBTQJFESBTPSFDBSHBEPTFOFMSCPM TF QVFCMPWVMOFSBEPQPSFTFDSJNFO
BDPNPEBOMPTIPNCSFTSFDJOMMFHBEPTEFMSP EPOEFUPNB %JDFRVFQSFFSFFTUFTJTUFNBBMPDJBM QPSRVFFMEJOFSP
SPOVOCBP OPDPNQSBMBKVTUJDJBZBRVOPFTUFODFSSBEPUPEPFMEB
%PO'VMHFODJPFTVODBNQFTJOPBOBMGBCFUB DPNPDBTJUP $VBOEPMPEFUVWJFSPOOPQFOTBCBBT&TUBCBFOGVSFDJEP4F
EPTMPTNBZPSFTEFMQVFCMP RVFVOBWF[BMBTFNBOBBDVEF OFHBCBBFTDVDIBSFMDPOTFKPEFMDBNQFTJOP'VMHFODJPPEF
DPOMPTQSFTPTZMFTMMFWBFMDPOTFKPQBSBOPIBDFSNBM&TUBT NVKFSFTDBUMJDBTPFWBOHMJDBTRVFBDVEBOBMFFSMFMBCJCMJB
DIBSMBT TPO DPOPDJEBT DPNP SFFEVDBDJO EF MPT DSJNJOBMFT -VFHPBDFQUJSOPNTQBSBOPBCVSSJSTFZEFUBOUPFTDVDIBS
i/PWVFMWBOBDPNFUFSFSSPSMFTEJDF QPSRVFEBBOB MPTFOUFOEJRVFIBCBIFDIPNBM
MBTPDJFEBERVFRVJFSFWJWJSUSBORVJMB TJBTBMUBO TJNBUBOOP i$VBOEPFNQFDFTFQMFJUPZEFUFODJOTFOUBDPSBKF QFSP
DPOWJFOFQPSRVFTVGSFMBHFOUF TVGBNJMJBZVTUFEFTUBNCJOw DVBOEPQBTUJFNQPTFOUBSSFQFOUJNJFOUP&TUPZBHBSSBOEP
&TU TFOUBEP B MB TPNCSB EFM HSBO SCPM +VOUP B M  MPT TFOUJEPRVFIJDFNBM QFSPIBZRVFSFDPOPDFSZTFSHSBOQFS
QPMJDBTDPNVOJUBSJPTZMPTEFUFOJEPT&TEPNJOHPBMNFEJP TPOBQBSBCJFOEFOPTPUSPT EFNJGBNJMJBw QMBUJDBUNJEP 
EBZ$BQVMO$IPDPMBUF FTUBDPNVOJEBEEFMB$PTUB$IJDB DPOMBNJSBEBCBKBZMBTNBOPTIFDIBTOVEP

220 221
3BM VOKPWFOEFBPT OPQJFOTBDPNPM&TUEF ***
UFOJEPQPSRVFNBUBVOIPNCSFFOVOBSJB&TFMTFHVOEP )BDF  BPT DVBOEP FM &KSDJUP ;BQBUJTUB EF -JCFSBDJO
FOTVIBCFS"MQSJNFSPMPBTFTJOBMPTBPTZGVFKV[ /BDJPOBMWJTJCJMJ[BMPTQVFCMPTJOEHFOBTZOPTQMBOUEF
HBEPFOFMTJTUFNBPDJBM4FBDFSDBFJOUFSWJFOFFOMBQMUJDB GSFOUFTVEJHOJEBE PUSPFKSDJUPEFSFCFMEBTFHFTUBCBFO
i"MMTJQBHBTBMBGBNJMJB FTUTMJCSF&TNTKVTUP QPSRVFSF TJMFODJP
HSFTBTBDVJEBSBUVGBNJMJBRVFOPTFRVFEBTPMB FMEJOFSPBZVEB &O MB $PTUB $IJDB EF (VFSSFSP  BM TVSFTUF EFM QBT  MPT
QVFTw EJDF&OSFBMJEBE MJCSMBQSJTJOUSBTDPSSPNQFSBMKVF[ UFSSJUPSJPT FTUBCBO NJOBEPT QPS FM PMWJEP  MB QPCSF[B Z MB
%PO'VMHFODJPQSFTVNFDPOPSHVMMPRVFTBFTMBQSJNFSB WJPMFODJB DSJNJOBM  RVF BDUVBCB DPO MB WFOJB EFM &TUBEP
EJGFSFODJB FOUSF MB KVTUJDJB DPNVOJUBSJB Z MB PDJBM -B QSJ "RVFMMPT BPT IPNCSFT BSNBEPT TPMBO EFUFOFS MBT USPDBT
NFSB BTQJSB B TFS EF UPEPT 1PS FTP FO FTUF TJTUFNB OP IBZ EFQBTBKFSPTFOMPTDBNJOPTZSPCBSBMPTJOEHFOBTMPTQP
EJOFSPOJBCPHBEPT RVJFOEFFOEFBMEFUFOJEPFTTVGBNJMJB  DPTQFTPTPCUFOJEPTEFMBWFOUBEFDBGPNB[PFMBQPZP
WFDJOPTPUFTUJHPTRVFQVFEFOBMFHBSBTVGBWPS&OFMDBTPEF EFM HPCJFSOP FO PDBTJPOFT  NJFOUSBT BTBMUBCBO  WJPMBCBO B
5SJOJEBEGVFTVQBESFRVJFOMPSFQSFTFOU MBT NVKFSFT GSFOUF B TVT QBESFT P NBSJEPT "CVOEBCBO MPT
1BSBMB1PMJDB$PNVOJUBSJB DPOCBTFFOTVTDSFFODJBTBO SPCPTEFWBDBTPEFDPTFDIBTFOUFSBT MBTEFVEBTFOUSFWFDJOPT
DFTUSBMFT TJVOBQFSTPOBIBDFEBPBPUSBFTQPSRVFMBFEV UFSNJOBCBOFOSJBTPBTFTJOBUPTFSBDPNOWFSBNVKFSFT
DBDJOFOFMIPHBSGBMMZMBDPNVOJEBEFOUFSBEFCFTBMJSBM HPMQFBEBTQPSMPTFTQPTPTBMDPIPMJ[BEPT
QBTPQBSBRVFOPWVFMWBBIBDFSNBM"T DBEBIBCJUBOUFUJFOF $VBOEPMPTJOEHFOBTEF(VFSSFSPTVQJFSPOEFMMFWBOUB
UBSFBQPSIBDFS&OTVFTUSVDUVSBMPTQPMJDBTWJHJMBOFMDBNJOP NJFOUPFO$IJBQBTFTDSJCJFSPOBTVTIFSNBOPT[BQBUJTUBTVOB
ZEFUJFOFOBMPTEFMJODVFOUFT PUSPTIBCJUBOUFTBDUBODPNP DBSUB RVF  TFHO $JSJOP 1MDJEP  TV SFEBDUPS  EFDB NT P
KVFDFTZEJDUBOFMUJFNQPEFDBTUJHPRVFQBTBSOEFQVFCMPFO NFOPTBTi4VEFNBOEBFTOVFTUSB EFTQVTEFMVDIBSQPS
QVFCMP IBDJFOEP GBFOBT -PT NBZPSFT  DPNP 'VMHFODJP  TPO KVTUJDJBZOPMMFHB OPWBNPTBFOMPRVFDFSZUJSBSBMNBS&M
MPT SFTQPOTBCMFT EF MB SFFEVDBDJO Z MBT NVKFSFT QSFQBSBO MB BSNBNTJNQPSUBOUFFTMBDPODJFODJBZMBPSHBOJ[BDJOw
DPNJEBQBSBBMJNFOUBSMPTBTVQBTPQPSFMQVFCMP.JFOUSBT -BSFTJTUFODJBDPSSBQPSTVTWFOBTZQPSMBTWFSFEBT&O
FOFMTJTUFNBUSBEJDJPOBMBBMHVJFORVFSPCVOQFTDBEPMFEBO FTUBTUJFSSBTOBDJZGVFTFQVMUBEPFMHVFSSJMMFSP(FOBSP7[
VOBPEFDSDFM FOFTUFTJTUFNBMBDPOEFOBFTTBOBSDPOTV RVF[ RVJFOFOMBEDBEBEFMPTFODBCF[VOBMVDIBQPM
USBCBKPMBTIFSJEBTDPMFDUJWBT UJDBZBSNBEBDPOUSBMPTHPCJFSOPTDBDJRVJMFTEFMFTUBEP$PO
i4 MBKVTUJDJBFTDPNPVOBSFERVFTFUFKFFOUSFUPEPTw  FTB IFSFODJB EF SFCFMEB  MPT QVFCMPT TF PSHBOJ[BCBO QBSB
FYQMJDBSMVFHP$JSJOP1MDJEP VOPEFMPTGVOEBEPSFTEFMB QSPUFTUBSQPSFMSPCPEFFMFDDJPOFT MBGBMUBEFNBFTUSPT PMB
$PNVOJUBSJB FTUBGBEFMPTBQPZPTTPDJBMFTRVFUFSNJOBCBOFOMBTBMGPSKBT
4JIBZVOPRVFOPUFKF GBMUBQFEB[P0TJUFKFNBM TFSPNQF EFMPTDBDJRVFT

222 223
&OKVOJPEFFMHPCJFSOPRVJTPEBSVOBMFDDJOBMPT i:B WFOBNPT EJTDVUJFOEP RV IBDFS  DNP FODPOUSBS
SFCFMEFT 1PMJDBT FTUBUBMFT FNCPTDBSPO Z NBTBDSBSPO B  SFTQVFTUBT:BUFOBNPTJEFBEFMPDPMFDUJWPBVORVFOPFO
DBNQFTJOPTRVFTFEJSJHBOBVOBBTBNCMFBQPMUJDBFO"HVBT UFOEBNPT FTP EF MB BVUPOPNB 1FSP FOUFOEBNPT RVF FSB
#MBODBT4VTDVFSQPTRVFEBSPOBCBUJEPTFOMBUJFSSB KVOUP OFDFTBSJP PSHBOJ[BSTF  EJTDVUJS RV IBDFS /PT BSSJNBNPT
BMBDBNJPOFUBEFSFEJMBTEPOEFWJBKBCBO-BTBOHSFDPSSJ WBSJBTWFDFTBMHPCJFSOPZWJNPTRVFOPEBTPMVDJO:QFOTB
FOMB$PTUB(SBOEFEF(VFSSFSP QFSPEPMJFODBEBSJODO NPTDNPSFDVQFSBSOVFTUSPEFSFDIPDPMFDUJWP&MAOPTPUSPT
EFMFTUBEP FTUBCBQJTPUFBEPDPOMBJEFBEFMAZPRVFOPTNFUJFMHPCJFS
i"QSFOEJNPT RVF FM HPCJFSOP OP KVFHB /PT EFK DMBSP OPw%PO$JSJOPEBDUFESB"VORVFBIPSBOPUJFOFDBSHPFO
RVFOPQVFEFIBCFSDPOBO[BQPSRVFOVODBWBBSFTQPOEFS MB$PNVOJUBSJBZQFTFBTVKVWFOUVESPOEBMPTDJODVFOUB
MBTEFNBOEBTEFMBHFOUFEFBCBKP&OMBSFBMJEBEQFSTJHVF  BPT FT VOB FTQFDJF EF BCVFMP TBCJP BM RVF SFDVSSFO TVT
NBUBw FYQMJDBEPO$JSJOP DPNQBFSPTDVBOEPQJFSEFOMBCSKVMB
$JSJOP1MDJEPFTVOIPNCSFEFNJSBEBDIJTQFBOUF DPNP &TFPDUVCSF BMQPCMBEPEF4BOUB$SV[EFM3JODO MMFHB
TVTJEFBT$VBOEPBQFOBTFSBVOBEPMFTDFOUFTBMJEFMBNPOUB SPOSFQSFTFOUBOUFTEFDPNVOJEBEFTDPOMBTJEFBTZBUSBCB
BEF(VFSSFSPZMMFHBMB$JVEBEEF.YJDPWJEPEFBQSFO KBEBT JOTUBMBSPOVOBBTBNCMFBHFOFSBMZGVOEBSPOMB1PMJDB
EFS$PNPJOEHFOBTMPFODPOUSPQPSUVOJEBEEFTPCSFWJWJS $PNVOJUBSJB
USBCBKBOEPQBSBVOBGBNJMJBRVFMFNBMQBHBCBDPOVODVBSUPZ &OBRVFMFOUPODFT SFDVFSEBEPO$JSJOP FSBOVOHSVQPEF
EPTDPNJEBTBMEB)BNCSJFOUP TFFTDBCVMMBQPSMBTNBESV DBNQFTJOPTDPOTVTIFSSBNJFOUBTEFUSBCBKP NBDIFUFDBTJUP
HBEBTBMBDPDJOB SFNPKBCBMBTUPSUJMMBTEVSBTZMBTUSBHBCBB EPT WJHJMBOEPFMUFSSJUPSJP1BSBIBDFSTFEFBSNBT NVOJDJPOFT
FTDPOEJEBT TJOIBDFSSVJEPi4JFSFTQPCSFZFSFTJOEJPIBTUB ZVOJGPSNFTDBEBQVFCMPTFMBTJOHFOJ"MHVOBTWFOEJFSPOFM
DVBMRVJFSQFSSPUFIVNJMMBw BQSFOEJBRVFMMPTBPT6OFN TPMBSPMBQBSDFMB PUSBTSFNBUBSPOMPTQVFSDPTRVFTJOEVFP
QMFPEFBZVEBOUFEFQBOBEFSPMPTBDEFFTBFTDMBWJUVE MVFHP BOEBCBOQPSMPTDPSSBMFTDPNJFOEPMBDPTFDIB"QSFOEJFSPO
GVFBMCBJM PCSFSPZVOEBMMFHBTFSQPMJDBNVOJDJQBMFOFM BVTBSMBT&TPOPGVFQSPCMFNBM DPOMBFYQFSJFODJBEFQP
&TUBEPEF.YJDP/PMPTBCBFOUPODFT QFSPFTFUSBCBKPMF MJDB MFTEJPMBTQSJNFSBTMFDDJPOFT
TFSWJSBBPTEFTQVTQBSBEBSWJEBBMB$PNVOJUBSJB i-PEJGDJMGVFSPNQFSMBTVNJTJO/PTIJDJFSPODSFFS
&O   BQFOBT VOPT NFTFT EFTQVT EF MB NBTBDSF EF BPTRVFMPRVFWJFOFEFBSSJCBFTUCVFOPSBNPTJOEJPT 
"HVBT#MBODBT MBDSJTJTEFJOTFHVSJEBEDPMNBMPTQVFCMPT DBNQFTJOPTZDPTUBCBDSFFSRVFQPEBNPTBHBSSBSBMQPEFSP
DVBOEPVOBOJBEFBPTGVFWJPMBEBZBTFTJOBEB&OUPO TP HFOUFJNQPSUBOUF QFTBEBZMMFWBSMBBSFOEJSDVFOUBTw TVFMUB
DFT EPO$JSJOPZPUSPTDPNQBFSPTEFPSHBOJ[BDJPOFTDBN BOTPSQSFOEJEPQPSMBMFDDJORVFEJFSPOFOUPODFT
QFTJOBT NBHJTUFSJBMFTFJOEHFOBT DPNFO[BSPOBQFOTBSFO -PTEPTQSJNFSPTBPTMB$PNVOJUBSJBTMPWJHJMFMUFSSJ
PQDJPOFTQBSBDBMNBSMBJOTFHVSJEBE UPSJPZMMFWBOUFMBKVTUJDJBPDJBMBMPTEFUFOJEPT1FSPMVFHP

224 225
TUPTQBHBCBOBMHPCJFSOPDPSSVQUPZTBMBOIBNCSJFOUPTEF DJEJPT Z WJPMBDJPOFT FO FM UFSSJUPSJP  Z EF  DPNVOJEBEFT
WFOHBO[B"T SFTPMWJFSPODSFBSTVQSPQJPTJTUFNBEFKVTUJDJB FYUFOEJFSPOTVTEPNJOJPTBFONVOJDJQJPT DPO
4FDSFMB$PPSEJOBEPSB3FHJPOBMEF"VUPSJEBEFT$PNVOJ QPMJDBTZNJMDJVEBEBOPTCFOFDJBEPT&MDPTUPIBCB
UBSJBT EJWJEJEBBTVWF[FOUSFTSFHJPOFT$BEBVOBUJFOFB TJEPBMUP"EFNTEFMBTBDVTBDJPOFTEFTFDVFTUSPEPTQPMJDBT
USFTDPPSEJOBEPSFTRVFGVOHFODPNPKVFDFT ZMPTDPOTFKFSPT  GVFSPOBTFTJOBEPTFOWFOHBO[B EFTQVTEFEFKBSTVDBSHP
RVJFOFTEBOSFFEVDBDJO -B QFSFHSJOBDJO EF MPT JOEHFOBT BWBO[B B QBTP MFOUP
4JFMBQPZPBM&;-/MPTQVTPFOFMNBQBEFGPDPTSPKPT %FTEFFMBMUBWP[TFFTDVDIBTVSFDMBNPiBMHPCJFSOPEVFMF
EFMHPCJFSOP MBDSFBDJOEFMB1PMJDB$PNVOJUBSJBMPTDPMPD RVF DBNQFTJOPT BOBMGBCFUBT IBHBO JNQBSUJDJO EF KVTUJDJB 
FOMBNJSB&MHPCJFSOPOPTFBSSJFTHBSBBRVFPUSPTSFCFMEFT  DVBOEPIBZHFOUFRVFFTUVEJEFSFDIPZRVFIBDFNVZNBM
DPNPMPIJDJFSPOUSFJOUBBPTBUSTMPTHVFSSJMMFSPTDPNBOEB MBTDPTBT&TVOBWFSHFO[BQBSBM TFEFTNPSPOBTVQPEFSZ
EPTQPS(FOBSP7[RVF[ QVTJFSBOFOKBRVFTVBVUPSJEBE: OPRVJFSFFTPw
DPNFO[BNBRVJOBSFTUSBUFHJBTQBSBEFTBDUJWBSMPT 4FEJSJHFOIBDJBMBTPDJOBTEFM.JOJTUFSJP1CMJDPEF4BO
-VJT"DBUMO EPOEFFTUOQSFTPTMPTDPNBOEBOUFT#PSEFB
*** SPO DFSSPT  BIPSB DSV[BO DBMMFT -PT WFDJOPT EF MB QFRVFB
"MHVOPTWJFOFOBDBCBMMP PUSPTTFBNPOUPOBOFODBNJPOFUBT DJVEBE DPOUBOUPTIBCJUBOUFTDPNPMPTJOEHFOBTRVFWJFOFO
EFSFEJMB$BTJUPEPTBOEBOBQJF%FTDBM[PT DPOIVBSBDIFT  NBSDIBOEP MPTNJSBODVSJPTPT NTCJFOBTPNCSBEPT{%F
DPOTVTCPUBTDPOTVNJEBT)PNCSFT NVKFSFT BMHVOPTBO EOEFTBMJFSPOUBOUPTZRVWJFOFOBCVTDBS -PTJOEHFOBT
DJBOPT$POMPTIJKPTFOVOCSB[PZMPTNPSSBMFTEFDPNJEB SPEFBOMBTPDJOBTNJOJTUFSJBMFT FOUSBOQPSTVTDPNQBFSPT
FOPUSP"MHVOPTMMFWBOIBTUBDJODPIPSBTCBKPFMTPM TFEJFO ZMBQPMJDBKVEJDJBMSFTQPOEFDPSUBOEPDBSUVDIP
UPT%FTEFMFKPT MBMBEFQFSFHSJOPTEFMJOFBMPTDFSSPT7BO i%JHBODVMFTFMEFMJUPEFOVFTUSPTDPNQBFSPTw SFDMBNBO
SVNCPB4BO-VJT"DBUMO MBDBCFDFSBNVOJDJQBMNTJN B HSJUPT B MBT BVUPSJEBEFT 1SPUFHJEPT QPS T NJTNPT  EFTBS
QPSUBOUFFOMBSFHJO-BQFSFHSJOBDJOEFJOEHFOBTMMFHBB NBOBMPTKVEJDJBMFT%FVONPNFOUPBPUSP MPTNJMJUBSFTZ
VOPTNJMQBSUJDJQBOUFT QPMJDBTEFMHPCJFSOPMPTDFSDBOZMFTMBO[BOVOVMUJNUVN
$PSSFFMBP$JODPDPNJTBSJPTDPNVOJUBSJPTFTUOFODBS i`UJFOFOEBTQBSBFOUSFHBSMBTBSNBT%FMPDPOUSBSJPWBB
DFMBEPT BDVTBEPTEFTFDVFTUSPQPSFMHPCJFSOPEF3FO+VSF[$JT FOUSBSFM&KSDJUP QPSRVFTPOJMFHBMFTw
OFSPT/PFTMBQSJNFSBWF[RVFPDVSSF FOTVIJTUPSJBNTEFVOB &MMPT RVFMMFWBOUPEPFMEBFOSFTHVBSEPEFTVTDPNQBF
WFJOUFOBIBOTJEPEFUFOJEPT VOPEFFMMPTBODVNQMFVOBDPOEFOB SPT SFDIB[BOMBQSPQVFTUBZBOVODJBOSFTJTUFODJBFOBEFMBO
EFBPT-BQSJTJODPNPFTUSBUFHJBQBSBEFTBSUJDVMBSMPT UFOBEJFWFOEFSBHVBZUPSUJMMBBM&KSDJUP RVFBMPTUSFTEBT
-BPSHBOJ[BDJOIJ[PFMUSBCBKPEFMHPCJFSOP1BSBFOUPO TFWFSPCMJHBEPBTBMJSEFMB[POBQBSBFWJUBSDPOJDUPTQPM
DFTIBCBOSFEVDJEPFOVOQPSDJFOUPMPTBTBMUPT IPNJ UJDPT"USBQBEPFOTVQSPQJBBNFOB[B FMHPCJFSOPMFTPGSFDF

226 227
MJCFSBSBMPTQPMJDBT DFSUJDBSMPTDPNPQBSUFEFM&TUBEPZEF NBFOWJBOEPBMPTDPOTVNJEPSFTBMBSFFEVDBDJOPSFWJTBOEP
QBTPFOTFBSMFTBMFFS MBTNPDIJMBTBOUFTEFFOUSBSBMBFTDVFMB/PTFFODPOUSBSPO
i"UBRVFOMBTDBVTBT OPBMB$PNVOJUBSJBw MFTEJDFEPO$J TPMVDJPOFT $BEB QSPQVFTUB FTDBMB B VO NBZPS QSPCMFNB Z
SJOP FO BMHVOB EF MBT NFTBT QBSB FYJHJS MB MJCFSBDJO EF MPT MBTDBVTBTEFGPOEP FTBNJTFSJBIJTUSJDB DPOUJOBIBDJFOEP
DPNQBFSPT iMB$PNVOJUBSJBWBBEFTBQBSFDFSDVBOEPOPIBZB NFUTUBTJT
TFDVFTUSP WJPMBDJO BTBMUP NVFSUP RVFOPIBZBQPCSF[Bw 1BSBEPO$JSJOPTFUSBUBEFVOBOVFWBGPSNBEFSFQSFTJO
EFMHPCJFSOP4JBOUFTMPTBDVTEFHVFSSJMMFSPT BIPSBEFOBSDPT
*** i&M&TUBEPIBCVTDBEPDJFOUPTEFGPSNBTEFSFQSFTJO OPT
6OBNVSBMMBEFDPTUBMFTSFMMFOPTEFUJFSSB EFTUSJQBEPTQPSFM IBBDVTBEPEFHVFSSJMMB BIPSBEFOBSDPUSDPZDPNPOPIBDF
QBTPEFMUJFNQP BOVODJBMBMMFHBEBBMQVFCMPEF+PMPDIJUMO OBEBQBSBEFUFOFSWJPMFODJB ZBMMFHBMBTDPNVOJEBEFT5F
-PTIBCJUBOUFTMBDPOTUSVZFSPOQBSBQSPUFHFSTFEFMPTFYUPS OFNPTWJPMFODJBEFMOBSDPZWJPMFODJBEFMHPCJFSOPRVFOPT
TJPOBEPSFTRVF QPSBIEFM DPNFO[BSPOBMMFHBSBMB EJDFOBSDPTw
.POUBBBFYJHJSEJOFSPBNBFTUSPT HBOBEFSPTZDBGFUBMFSPT &M QVOUP EF RVJFCSF PDVSSJ FO PDUVCSF EFM  DVBO
BDBNCJPEFSFTQFUBSMFTMBWJEB'VFMBQSJNFSBBMFSUBEFMB EPDJODPIPNCSFTGVFSPOEFUFOJEPTFOEPTDBNJPOFUBTQPS
JODVSTJOEFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEPFOMBTUJFSSBTEFMB1PMJDB USBOTQPSUBSDBTJLJMPTEFNBSJIVBOBFOFMUFSSJUPSJPCBKP
$PNVOJUBSJB TV SFTHVBSEP &SB MB QSJNFSB WF[ RVF TF FOGSFOUBCBO B VO
&OMB.POUBBEF(VFSSFSPIBFYJTUJEPVOBSFMBDJOIJT DBTP TJNJMBS /P TBCBO TJ FOUSFHBSMPT BM HPCJFSOP P KV[
USJDBDPOFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEP&MFTUBEPDPONBZPSOJWFM HBSMPTCBKPTVTSFHMBT DPNPMPIBDBOEFTEFBPTBUST
EFQPCSF[BEFMQBT FODBCF[BUBNCJOMBMJTUBEFQSPEVD DPOMPTEFMJODVFOUFTDPNVOFT4FDPOWPDBVOBBTBNCMFB
DJOEFBNBQPMBKVOUPDPO$IJIVBIVBZ4JOBMPB"MNFOPT HFOFSBM MMFHBSPOIBCJUBOUFT DPPSEJOBEPSFT DPOTFKFSPT 
EFTEFFMMUJNPNFEJPTJHMP MPTJOEHFOBTTJFNCSBOFOFSWBO BODJBOPT  IBTUB FM TFDSFUBSJP EF 4FHVSJEBE 1CMJDB FTUBUBM
UFTFOUSFTVTNJMQBT DPOEFOBEPTBVOBEJONJDBEFFTDMBWJ "OUFFMMPT MPTEFUFOJEPT EFTDBM[PTZBNBSSBEPTEFNBOPTP
UVEDPOMPTOBSDPT5PEPTMPTBCFO QFSPTFUPMFSBQPSRVFTF QJFT DPOFMDBSHBNFOUPFYQVFTUP
SFDPOPDFDPNPMBOJDBPQDJOEFMPTQVFCMPTQBSBTPCSFWJWJS -BQSJNFSBFOIBCMBSGVFMBTFPSB)FSOOEF[ NBESFEF
"TGVFEVSBOUFNVDIPTBPT-BSFMBDJOTFNBOUFOBFO EPTKWFOFTBDVTBEPTi&TUPZBRVQPSRVFRVJFSPMMFHBS QVFT 
MPTMNJUFTEFMBTJFNCSB1FSPMB.POUBBQBTEFTFSUFSSJUP B VO BDVFSEP DPO VTUFEFT DPNP NYJNB BVUPSJEBE 1VFT
SJP EF QSPEVDDJO B [POB EF DPOTVNP TB GVF MB TFHVOEB DPNPWFO NJTIJKPTDPNFUJFSPOFTUPTFSSPSFT&TUPZSFDPOP
BMFSUBQBSBMPTDPNVOJUBSJPT&OQPCMBEPTWJHJMBEPTQPSFMMPT  DJFOEPFMFSSPS QFSPVTUFEFTNFQVFEFOBZVEBSQPSRVFZPMP
DPNP#VFOBWJTUB DPNFO[BSPOBWFSKWFOFTGVNBOEPNBSJ RVFRVJFSPFTRVFNJTIJKPTMPTTVFMUFOw EJKPFOTVDPSUBEP
IVBOB"MBSNBEPT MPTWFDJOPTJOUFOUBSPOSFTPMWFSFMQSPCMF FTQBPM

228 229
&M OJDP BDVTBEP RVF OP FSB JOEHFOB QJEJ MB QBMBCSB -BTTFNBOBTQPTUFSJPSFTBMBBTBNCMFBMPTDPPSEJOBEPSFT
i.FMMBNP(BCSJFM0SP[DP/JFUP/PWFBOFONFTBQFS DPNVOJUBSJPTSFDJCJFSPOBNFOB[BTQPSUFMGPOP MFTSFDMBNB
TPOB WFBOFONVOTFSIVNBOPDPNPVTUFEFTRVFRVJFSF CBO B MPT BDVTBEPT Z MB ESPHB 4F OFHBSPO 3FGPS[BSPO MBT
HBOBSTFVOQFTP RVFTFQJFSEF RVFNFWFBOBBMHVJFODPNP CBSSJDBEBTZBVNFOUBSPOFMONFSPEFQPMJDBT"OMPTBDV
VOTFSRVFSJEP OPDPNPMPRVFUSBUBOEFIBDFSRVFNFWFBOw  TBEPTFTQFSBOTFOUFODJB
FTEFDJS VOOBSDPUSBDBOUF-VFHPBMFHRVFMPEFUVWJFSPO i&M DBTP EFM OBSDPUSDP EFNPTUS RVF MB $PNVOJUBSJB
EFNBOFSBJOKVTUBZOPMFQFSNJUJFSPOMMBNBSBTVGBNJMJB UJFOFGVFS[BZTVEFDJTJOFTSFTQFUBEBQPSFMHPCJFSOP GVF
7FTUJEPEFCMBODPMJOPZDVTUPEJBEPQPSTVTQSPQJPTHVB VOBMJFOUPQBSBFMTJTUFNBw EJDFPSHVMMPTPEPO$JSJOPBMSF
SVSBT FMTFDSFUBSJPEF4FHVSJEBE1CMJDBEJKPBMPTDPNVOJUB DPSEBS BRVFM FQJTPEJP FTUB UBSEF i1FSP UBNCJO FWJEFODJ
SJPTRVFOPUFOBODBQBDJEBEQBSBUSBUBSUFNBTEFUBMTFSJFEBE EFCJMJEBEFTRVFZBIBCBNPTEFUFDUBEPw
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232 233
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234 235
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236 237
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/


Elia Baltazar
-VJT(VJMMFSNP)FSOOEF[
6

Elia Baltazar

Elia Baltazar es periodista freelance, ha sido reportera, editora,


jefa de redaccin, jefa de informacin, maestra de periodismo,
tallerista y conductora del programa de radio en internet Ponte SPCSFMBNFTB )DUPS4ODIF[EFTQMJFHBVOBIJMFSBEFIP
en Medio. Escribe en blogs y est en twitter como @eliabalta- KBT)BZDPQJBTEFEJQMPNBT SFDPOPDJNJFOUPTZDPOTUBODJBT
zar. Gan el premio latinoamericano de periodismo UNIFEM BDBENJDBTPSEFOBEPTEFNBOFSBDSPOPMHJDB4POFMSFMBUP
ONU en la categora de reportaje, y el Premio de Periodismo CSFWF EF VOB WJEB DPSUB RVF MMFWB FM OPNCSF EF TV IJKP
sobre Seguridad Informtica en 2011. Ha colaborado en dis- +FUISP 3BNTTT 4ODIF[ 4BOUBOB  EFUFOJEP  UPSUVSBEP Z
tintas investigaciones y publicaciones internacionales sobre la BTFTJOBEPFONBZPEF5FOBBPTZWJWBFO+JVUF
situacin de los periodistas en Mxico, entre ellas, en la revista QFD .PSFMPT4VTMUJNBTDVBUSPIPSBTEFWJEBTPOFMDBQUV
Nieman Reports (Universidad de Harvard) y recientemente en MPNTMBSHPEFTVCJPHSBGBZFTUODPOUFOJEBTFOTJFUFUPNPT
el libro /P8PNBOT-BOE, coordinado por INSI (Internatio- EFVOBJOWFTUJHBDJOQPSEFTBQBSJDJOGPS[BEB
nal News Safety Institute). Tambin ha colaborado con art- &O TV NVFSUF FTUO JOWPMVDSBEPT QPMJDBT NVOJDJQBMFT 
culos y reportajes en los libros .JHSBDJPOFTWFNPTJOGBODJBT GFEFSBMFT Z TPMEBEPT EF MB  ;POB .JMJUBS EF .PSFMPT BM
OPTBCFNPT(Ririki), NJHSBOUFT (Almada, fronterapress) y NFOPTVOJGPSNBEPT EFBDVFSEPDPOFYQFEJFOUFTEFMDBTP
&KFTZ5SBOTJDJOEFMB3FQCMJDB (UAM Xochimil- )BTUBBIPSB TJOFNCBSHP TMPUSFTNJMJUBSFTFOGSFOUBOKVJDJP
co). Colabora en el Huffington Post Voces y forma parte de la FOMBQSJTJOEFM$BNQP.JMJUBS%PTQPSMFTJPOFT IPNJ
Red de Periodistas de a Pie desde su fundacin. DJEJPDBMJDBEPFJOIVNBDJODMBOEFTUJOB ZVODPSPOFMEF
JOGBOUFSBQPSFMFODVCSJNJFOUPEFFTPTEFMJUPT&MSFTUPIB
Luis Guillermo Hernndez, periodista (ver pg. 196). FWBEJEP DVBMRVJFS QPTJCMF SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE  FTDBCVMMOEPTF

243
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WJPMFODJBTVEFSFDIPBMBJOPDFODJB ZBTVTGBNJMJBT MBKVTUJDJB EF TV IJKP Z TBMWBSTF M NJTNP EF MB EFTFTQFSBO[B DPO VO
i%BPDPMBUFSBMwMMBNBOMBTBVUPSJEBEFTBMBUSBHFEJBDBEB QSPZFDUP RVF DBSJPTBNFOUF MMBNB .VMUJQMJDBOEP B +FUISP
VOBEFMBTIJTUPSJBTEFMPTRVFTBMFOEFDBTBWJWPTZBQBSFDFO VOBFTDVFMBQSFQBSBUPSJBZUDOJDBQBSBSFWJWJSMBNFNPSJBEF
NVFSUPT MPTRVFZBOPWVFMWFO MPTRVFTFMMFWBOMPTDSJNJ TVIJKPFODBEBVOPEFMPTFTUVEJBOUFTi2VFSFNPTSFQSPEV
OBMFT PMPTQPMJDBTZNJMJUBSFTMPTDVFSQPTTJOJEFOUJDBS/P DJSVOFKSDJUPEFNVDIBDIPTQPTJUJWPT RVFOPTSFDVFSEFOB
IBZOPNCSFQBSBUPEBTMBTWDUJNBTOJONFSPTFYBDUPT"QF UPEPTDNPFSBMw
OBTDMDVMPT
&ODPOUSBEF+FUISPIBOEJDIPRVFBMTFSEFUFOJEPEVSBOUF ***
VOBSJBFOMBGFSJBEF"DBQBU[JOHP TFKBDUEFTFSNJFNCSP &MMVHBSFTQFRVFPQFSPTVDJFOUFVOBPDJOBQBSBMBEJSFD
EFVODSUFMEFMOBSDPUSDPZBNFOB[BMPTQPMJDBT%PT DJOZEPTFTQBDJPTBEBQUBEPTDPNPBVMBZCJCMJPUFDB4VDJFOUF
NFTFTEFTQVTBQBSFDJNVFSUPFOVOIPZPEFUJFSSBFO"U QPSBIPSBQBSBSFDJCJSBMBQSJNFSBHFOFSBDJOEFBMVNOPTEFM
MJYDP 1VFCMB $FOUSPEF&EVDBDJOZ$BQBDJUBDJO*OHFOJFSP+FIUSP3BNTTT
-BWP[EF)DUPSTFFODJFOEFTMPEFSFDPSEBSRVFFOFM 4ODIF[4BOUBOB VCJDBEPFOMBDBMMF1BTFPEFMPT-JSJPTONF
FYQFEJFOUFEFMDSJNFOIBZEFDMBSBDJPOFTRVFJOWPMVDSBOB+F SP DPMPOJB"NQMJBDJO#VHBNCJMJBT FO+JVUFQFD .PSFMPT
UISPDPOFMOBSDPUSDPRVJFSFKVTUJDJBZEJHOJEBEQBSBTV "MM GSFOUFBMMPDBMQJOUBEPEFB[VMZCMBODP DPOQVFSUBT
OPNCSF1PSFTPIBSFDVQFSBEPEFMPTDBKPOFTGBNJMJBSFTGP ZWFOUBOBTEFDSJTUBMPQBDP VOBTQFSTPOBTTFSFVOJFSPO
UPHSBGBTZEPDVNFOUPTRVFMPBZVEFOBQSPZFDUBSFOUBNBP FM  EF KVOJP EF  QBSB MB JOBVHVSBDJO EF MB FTDVFMB
SFBMMBJNBHFOEFTVIJKP/PTMPQBSBEJTQFSTBSMPTSVNPSFT RVFUJFOFDPNPMFNBi-V[EFUSBCBKPZEFEJDBDJOw&TFEB
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NJMJBEFVOBEVEBiJOKVTUBwRVFMPTNFEJPTIBOEJGVOEJEP GVFSBBMNJTNPUJFNQPIPNFOBKFZDFMFCSBDJO
TJOBQFOBTJOWFTUJHBSRVJOFSB+FUISP DNPWJWBOJFMEBP 4JOTBCFSMP )DUPSTJHVFFMFKFNQMPEFPUSBTDJVEBEFTZ
RVFPDBTJPOBOBMQSPDFTPKVEJDJBM DPNVOJEBEFTDPOIFSJEBTQSPGVOEBTQPSIFDIPTEFWJPMFODJB 
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NPTUSBSMP QPSRVFMPRVFIJDJFSPODPONJIJKPGVFVOBDUP EF"DUFBM FO$IJBQBT MFWBOUBSPOVOBDBQJMMBFOIPOPSEF
EFDPCBSEBRVFOPQVFEFRVFEBSJNQVOFw5PEBTVJOEJH MPT  NVFSUPT "UPZBD  (VFSSFSP  QJOU TV NVSBM QBSB MBT

244 245
WDUJNBTEFMBHVFSSBTVDJBFO$SFFM $IJIVBIVB MBTGBNJMJBTEF i)FNPTBMFKBEPVOQPRVJUPFMEPMPS*ODPOTDJFOUFNFOUF 
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1B[4POUPEPTBDUPTEFBNPSZMVDIBRVFCVTDBOQSFTFSWBS CFSRVFIBDFNPTBMHPQPTJUJWP VOCJFOTPDJBMFOGBWPSEFMPT
MB NFNPSJB EF MBT WDUJNBT DPO VOB BDDJO DPMFDUJWB P VO KWFOFTw)BDFGBMUB QVFTFOFTBFOUJEBEMBWJPMFODJBQJOU
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CBVUJ[BSDBMMFT DPOTUSVJSFTDVFMBT MFWBOUBSNFNPSJBMFTQBSB OBEBTFOUSFZ IBCBWDUJNBTNFOPSFTEF
IPOSBSBRVJFOFTEFCBOFTUBSZOPFTUO BPT-BNBZPSBEF$VFSOBWBDBZEFMPTNVOJDJQJPTEF5F
1BSB)DUPS MBFTDVFMBFTMBDPOUJOVBDJOEFVOBUBSFBRVF NJYDP  $VBVUMB  9PDIJUFQFD  &NJMJBOP ;BQBUB  )VJU[JMBD
+FUISPZBIBCBFNQSFOEJEPBMDBQBDJUBSBKWFOFTDPOHBOBT Z+JVUFQFD EFBDVFSEPDPOSFQPSUFTEFMB3FEQPSMB1B[DPO
EFTVQFSBSTF-PIJ[PEFTEFNVZKPWFODPNPNBFTUSPEFOB +VTUJDJB Z %JHOJEBE Z MB $PNJTJO *OEFQFOEJFOUF EF %FSF
UBDJOZMPTJHVJIBDJFOEPDPNPNBFTUSPFOMB6OJWFSTJEBE DIPT)VNBOPTEF.PSFMPT $*%).

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JOBVHVSBDJO6OPBMNFOPTRVF)DUPSIBQPEJEPDPODSF EFTJOUFOUBSPOFTUJHNBUJ[BSBKWFOFTBTFTJOBEPT EFTMJ[BOEP
UBSFOFMNJTNPMPDBMRVFIBCBDFEJEPBMIJKPQBSBJOTUBMBS WFSTJPOFTTPCSFQPTJCMFTWODVMPTDPOFMDSJNFOPSHBOJ[BEP
TVQSPQJPUBMMFS BMMBEPEFMTVZP+FUISPRVFSBDPOWFSUJSFTF &O FTB FOUJEBE RVF FM 1"/ HPCFSO EVSBOUF  BPT 
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FTUVEJPT EJSFDUPSZNBFTUSPT VOBSJBFOMBRVFIBCSBQBSUJDJQBEPDPOPUSPTBNJHPT FOUSF

246 247
FMMPT)PSBDJP$FSWBOUFT%FNFTB ZRVFKVTUJDMBJOUFSWFO 4V DVFSQP GVF IBMMBEP FO VO QBSBKF DPOPDJEP DPNP -B
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BMMMPTHPMQFBSPO"SHVNFOUBSPORVF+FUISPQSFTVNJUFOFS MBFONFNPSJBEFTVIJKP4MPTVDFEJRVFVOEB NJFOUSBT
SFMBDJO DPO VO HSVQP EF MB EFMJODVFODJB PSHBOJ[BEB Z MPT SFDPSSBEFOVFWPTVSFDVFSEP MBJNBHJOEFQSPOUP"MHP
BNFOB[1PSFTPMMBNBSPOBMB1PMJDB'FEFSBM UFOBRVFIBDFSQBSBNJUJHBSFMEPMPSZTBDVEJSTFMBGSVTUSB
&OTVEFDMBSBDJO )PSBDJPEJKPRVFMPTGFEFSBMFTMMFHBSPO DJO EF MB QSEJEB i.J FTQPTB Z NJT IJKBT FTUBCBO EFTIF
DPOQBTBNPOUBBTZUBNCJOMPTHPMQFBSPO$VBOEPQSFHVO DIBTZTMPTFNFPDVSSJRVFUFOBNPTRVFIBDFSBMHPQBSB
UBVOPEFFMMPTRVFTUBCBQBTBOEP iNFEJKPRVFVOBNJHP NBOUFOFSOPTPDVQBEPTw-BGBNJMJBDPNQBSUJMBJEFBZFN
NPIBCBBCJFSUPFMIPDJDPEFNTw-VFHPMPTFOUSFHBSPO QSFOEJFSPOFMQSPZFDUPi$SFPRVFWBNPTCJFO BVORVFOVODB
BMPTNJMJUBSFT RVFMMFHBSPOBMBGFSJBFOUSFTVOJEBEFTUJQP TVQJNPTIBTUBEOEFQPEBNPTMMFHBSw
QJDLVQ6OiUFOJFOUF(VFSSBw FSB+PT(VBEBMVQF0SJ[BHB /P TMP EVEBCBO EF MB FOUFSF[B EF TV OJNP  TJOP EF MB
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EPTZTVCJSMPTBMBTVOJEBEFT TFQBSBEPT GBNJMJBSFTEFMBTWDUJNBTQBHBODPOUJFNQPZEJOFSPFMEFSF
i.FFTQPTBSPODPOMBTNBOPTIBDJBBUST EFBINFTVCJFSPO DIPBMBKVTUJDJB%FTEFMBEFTBQBSJDJOEF+FUISPEJTQVTJFSPO
BVOBDBNJPOFUB ZEFBIZBOPTVQFNTEF+FUISPw)PSBDJP EFUPEPBTVBMDBODFQBSBCVTDBSMPZ ZBBQBSFDJEPFMDVFSQP 
EFDMBSVOBTPMBWF[/VODBNTSFTQPOEJBMPTDJUBUPSJPT TJHVJFSPOFOFMUSBKOEFMPTUSBTMBEPTEF$VFSOBWBDBBM%JTUSJUP
&MEFKVMJPEF FM.JOJTUFSJP1CMJDP.JMJUBSDPO 'FEFSBM FOUSFNJOJTUFSJPTQCMJDPT KV[HBEPT BCPHBEPT PSHB
TJHOBMUFOJFOUFEFJOGBOUFSB+PT(VBEBMVQF0SJ[BHBZBM OJ[BDJPOFTDJWJMFT DPNJTJPOFTEFEFSFDIPTIVNBOPT
TVCUFOJFOUF &EXJO 3B[JFM "HVJMBS  RVJFOFT DPOGFTBSPO MB i"CBOEPOBNPTUPEPw EJDF)DUPS ZOBEJFFOMBGBNJMJB
NVFSUFEFMKPWFOFOMBTJOTUBMBDJPOFTNJMJUBSFT BDPOTFDVFO RVFSBWPMWFSBMOFHPDJPRVFBCSBMBIFSJEBi/JNJTIJKBTOJ
DJBEFVOBiCSPODPBTQJSBDJOw NJFTQPTBQPEBOFTUBSBMMw4MP$MBSB(BSDB WJFKBBNJHB
&OMPTJOGPSNFTEFM&KSDJUPTFBQVOUBRVF)PSBDJPZ+F EFMBGBNJMJBZFNQMFBEBEFMUBMMFS QVEPIBDFSTFDBSHPQBSB
UISPGVFSPOJOUFSSPHBEPTFOFMDVBSUFMEFMB;POB.JMJUBS FWJUBSMBRVJFCSB
)PSBDJPGVFMJCFSBEPFTBNJTNBNBESVHBEB1FSPEF+FUISP )DUPSFTVOIPNCSFTFODJMMPRVFIBMMBEPOEFQVFEFMBTQB
OBEJFWPMWJBTBCFS)BTUBEPTNFTFTEFTQVT MBCSBTQBSBFYQMJDBSTFi&MEPMPSIBDFNVDIBTDPTBTZPQFOT

248 249
FOTVJDJEBSNF FNCPSSBDIBSNF TFSVOQFSEFEPS1FSPUFOHP MPTNFKPSFTFTUVEJBOUFTEFQSFQBSBUPSJBi"RVQPESODVSTBS
MBDPOBO[BEFRVFNJIJKPFTUBSSJCBZOPDSFPRVFMPWJFSB TVFEVDBDJONFEJBTVQFSJPSZVOBDBSSFSBUDOJDBBMNJTNP
DPOCVFOPTPKPT4JFNQSFCVTRVMBGPSNBEFIBDFSMPHFOUFEF UJFNQP  QPSRVF MB JEFB FT RVF QVFEBO DPNFO[BS B USBCBKBS
DBSDUFS QPSRVFZPUPEBWBUFOHPVOBIFDIVSBBMBBOUJHJUB  QPSTVDVFOUBEFTEFFMQSJODJQJP QBSBRVFNTUBSEFFMMPT TJ
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RVFiTFQPOBDIJOJUPwBMFTDVDIBSMBNTJDBEFMPTDIJOFMPT ESO BWBO[BS QPS TVT QSPQJPT NFEJPT  TJO OFDFTJEBE EF
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PUSP6OIPNCSFRVFTFPCMJHBBTFHVJSBEFMBOUFQPSTVGB BNCJDJOQPTJUJWB/PTFSOQSPGFTJPOBMFTUFSNJOBEPT QFSPT
NJMJB  EJDF 1PS TVT EPT IJKBT Z TV FTQPTB RVF QSFFSFO ZB QPESOTFHVJSBEFMBOUFw EJDF
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QFSPRVJFSPRVFFMMBTTFSFDVQFSFO QPSRVFZPOPTTJNFWPZ BTJTUJSOBDMBTFTDVBUSPIPSBTEJBSJBTEPTQBSBDVSTBSMBQSF
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TFBDPTUVNCSB/VODBIBCBUFOJEPOBEBRVFWFSDPOQPMJDBT ZMEJTFMBQBSUFUDOJDBBQBSUJSEFTVTDPOPDJNJFOUPTFO
OJ NJOJTUFSJPT QCMJDPT  Z NFOPT DPO NJMJUBSFT "IPSB  FO NFDOJDBBVUPNPUSJ[5BNCJOIBEJTQVFTUPEFUPEBTVIF
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VOBJORVJFUVEUSFNFOEBw1FSPOPFTNJFEP EJDFi:BUPEP RVFMFGBMUBOTJNVMBEPSFT)BQFOTBEPSFDVSSJSBMBTFNQSFTBT
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BMBRVFDPOWPDTVBCPHBEP QBSBQFEJSMBBQBSJDJODPOWJEB TBMBSJPEFMBTDVPUBTEFMPTFTUVEJBOUFTTFSOTJNCMJDBT QFSP
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DB Z HBOBT EF USBCBKBS  IBO EFDJEJEP PUPSHBS NFEJB CFDB B IBUSBOTGPSNBEPTVEPMPSFOBMHPQPTJUJWP QFOTBOEPFOMPT

250 251
KWFOFTQBSBQSPMPOHBSMBNFNPSJBEFTVIJKP%POEFRVJFSB 6
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2V NT QPEB IBDFS RVF TFHVJS BEFMBOUF QBSB MJNQJBS FM
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BZVEBCBFOOBEBw %JDFRVFMPWF RVFQVFEFWFSMPOUJEBNFOUF GVFSUF KPWFO 
4VEFTFPFTRVFMBFTDVFMBDSF[DBZFOFMGVUVSPPDVQFUPEP QPTJCMFBO5BOEJFTUSPDPOFMCBMO UBOQFSTFWFSBOUFUBDMF
FMQSFEJPRVFIPZDPNQBSUFDPOTVUBMMFSZMBDBTBGBNJMJBS DPOTVONFSPFOMBFTQBMEB RVFDVBOEPTVFRVJQP MPT
5PEPMPIJDJNPTiBWBMPSNFYJDBOP DPOFMDPSBKF MBBNCJ +BHVBSFTEFM$#5JT MPHSBJHVBMBSFMNBSDBEPSDPOUSB
DJOZFMDBSJPQPSNJIJKPw EJDF MPT *OEJPT EF MB "VUOPNB EF $JVEBE +VSF[ FO FM MUJNP
)DUPS 4ODIF[ FTQFSB RVF FM $FOUSP EF &EVDBDJO Z DVBSUPEFMKVFHPOBMQBSBPCUFOFSFM5B[O+VSF[i*OHFOJF
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BSSBODBS DPO TVT DVSTPT EF JONFEJBUP QBSB WFS BMM NVMUJ MHSJNBT FMOPNCSFEFTVIJKP
QMJDBEPBTVIJKP `#JFO CJFO CJFO NVDIBDIPTyCJFO3PESJHP
3PESJHPOPFTUFOFMDBNQP FMQPQVMBShoyodomeEFMB
[POB EFM $IBNJ[BM /P IB FTUBEP BI EFTEF BRVFMMB OPDIF
EFFOFSPEFDVBOEPGVFBTFTJOBEP FOMBDPMPOJB7J
MMBTEF4BMWSDBS KVOUPDPOPUSPTKWFOFTRVFCBJMBCBOZ
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DJPOBEPDPNPDBODIBEFKVFHPIBDFNTEFTFJTBPT NVZ

252 253
QSYJNPBMUFSSJUPSJPFTUBEPVOJEFOTF TVQBESFBOMFHSJUB BMB1FESP*OGBOUFZVOOJNPJOBHPUBCMF KVWFOJM SFDJP RVF
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QVMTPBMBRVFFSBTVNBZPSQBTJOFMGVUCPMBNFSJDBOP $VBOEPPDVSSJMBNBTBDSF DVBOEPTVFRVJQPTFEFSSVN
:RVFFODBEBKVFHP FODBEBUSJVOGPPEFSSPUB QBSBMIBZ C QPS MB NVFSUF EF TVT JOUFHSBOUFT Z MBT IFSJEBT EF PUSPT
NVDIPNTRVFTMPVOHSVQPEFNVDIBDIPTQFSTJHVJFOEP DJODP 1BQ5POLBEFDJEJBGSPOUBSFMUFSSPSEFMBNVFSUFDPO
VOCBMOIBZVONPNFOUPJOTVTUJUVJCMF FOFMRVFTVIJKP VOFTQSJUVEFWJEB
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TUFFTFMFRVJQPFOFMRVFEFCFSBFTUBSNJNVDIBDIP BTVTNVDIBDIPT EFWBTUBEPTQPSMBDFSDBOBEFMBUSBHFEJB
&ODBEBVOPEFFTUPTNVDIBDIPTWFPQBSUFEFNJIJKPFT 4VNBZPSQSPF[B EJDF$BEFOB GVFIBCFSJOZFDUBEPWJEB
MPRVFNFTJSWFBNDPNPUFSBQJB QPSRVFZPTRVFBMMF Z EJTDJQMJOB EF SFTQFUP FO VO MVHBS EF NVFSUF Z DBPT %F
HVTUBCBFTUP1PSFTPTJHPUSBCBKBOEPQPSFMFRVJQP QPSNBO PTDVSJEBE
UFOFSWJWPTVSFDVFSEPEJDFFMTFPS$BEFOB +VTUPEFTQVTEFMBNBTBDSF DVBOEPMBTBVUPSJEBEFTGF
)PNCSF SPCVTUP  NPSFOP  EF SBTHPT HSVFTPT  NBSDBEPT  EFSBMFT FODBCF[BEBTQPSFMQSFTJEFOUF'FMJQF$BMEFSO MMF
QFSP USBUP TVBWF  DPNP VOP EF FTPT DBCBMMFSPT DPSUFTFT EFM HBSPOIBTUB7JMMBTEF4BMWSDBSBPGSFDFSEJTDVMQBTQCMJDBT
TJHMP BOUFSJPS  PCTFSWB EFUFOJEBNFOUF DBEB KVHBEB EFTEF MB QPS IBCFS BSNBEP  B MP UPOUP  RVF MPT DIJDPT BTFTJOBEPT
MOFBNBSDBEBDPODBM FSBOOBSDPUSBDBOUFT 1BQ5POLBTFIJ[PDPOFMNJDSGP
4FDVOEBVOHSJUFSPEFNVDIBDIPTFOFMDBNQPZEFNV OP QBSBIBDFSVOBQFUJDJOBMNBOEBUBSJPRVFNTQBSFDB
KFSFT OJPTZIPNCSFTFOMBTHSBEBTEFDFNFOUP FYJHFODJB
4FGSPUBMBTNBOPT VOQBSEFHSVFTBTZSBTQPTBTNBOPT %FNFBSNBT TFPS1SFTJEFOUF QFSPOPEFTBTRVFNB
EFRVJFOUSBCBKBDPONRVJOBT FJOUFSDBNCJBNJSBEBTDPO UBO EFNFBSNBTEFTBTRVFEBOWJEB EFNFFTQBDJPTQCMJ
FMDPBDIEFMFRVJQP 1BQ5POLBMFMMBNBOUPEPT BVORVFTV DPT EFNFFTUPEJKPTFBMBOEPBMDBNQPEFGVUCPM ZEF
OPNCSFFT%BOJFM(BMMFHPT&OUPODFT FMTFPS$BEFOBEJDF FTUPWBNPTBTBDBSNVDIPTKWFOFT
MFTFMWFSEBEFSPISPF$VBOEPMBTUJNBSPOBOVFTUSPT 5PEBWBJOTJTUJ
NVDIBDIPT BTJFUFEFMPTOVFTUSPT EPTNVDIBDIPTNVFSUPT  TUBT TPO MBT BSNBT RVF RVFSFNPT  QPSRVF TBCFNPT
DJODPNTIFSJEPT RVJFOFTMPHSBSPOTBMWBSTVTWJEBT
QFOTB RVFFTNVDIPUSBCBKP QFSPTBCFNPTRVFDPOVOKPWFORVF
NPTRVFFSBFMOEF+BHVBSFT RVFOBEJFJCBBRVFSFSKVHBS NBOUFOHBNPTBRVFODVBMRVJFSEJTDJQMJOB TBCFNPTRVFFTF
DPOOPTPUSPT KPWFOOPWBBUFOFSQSPCMFNBT
1BQ5POLBFTVOIPNCSFEFCBKBFTUBUVSB NVTDVMPTP EF $BTJEFMBOBEB FMFYKVHBEPSEFBNFSJDBOP QSPGFTPSEFM
OBSJ[BHVJMFBZPKPTNVZQFRVFPT DMBSPT5JFOFVOCJHPUF $#5*4 DPNFO[BJNQVMTBSTVJEFB RVFGVFTFDVOEBEBQPS

254 255
MPTQBESFTEFVOONFSPNBZPSEFDIJDPTZDIJDBTQJEJSF 6OBQSPF[BEJGDJMEFFOUFOEFSTJTFEFTDPOPDFFMDPOUFYUP
DVSTPTQBSBJODSFNFOUBSFMONFSPEFTFTJPOFTEFBNFSJDBOP BDUVBMEF$JVEBE+VSF[ VOBDJVEBEDPOVOFTUJNBEPEF
FOFM$#5*4FJNQVMTMBDSFBDJOEFPUSBTEPTEJWJTJPOFT  CBOEBT KVWFOJMFT  JOUFHSBEBT FO TV NBZPSB QPS KWFOFT EF
JOGBOUJMZGFNFOJM QBSBRVFMPTOJPTEFTEFMPTBPTZMBT FOUSFZBPT DVZBQSJODJQBMBDUJWJEBE FONVDIPTEFMPT
NVKFSFTTFTVNBSBOBMEFQPSUF DBTPT FTMBWFOUBEFNBSJHVBOBPEFUPEBMBHBNBEFESPHBTTJO
"MNJTNPUJFNQPZDBTJFOQBSBMFMP FMTFPS$BEFOBZMPT UUJDBT QPSMBRVFSFDJCFOFOUSFZEPTNJMQFTPTTFNBOBMFT
QBESFTEF.FESBOP MPTEPT+BHVBSFTNVFSUPTFO7JMMBTEF4BM "DPOUSBQFMPEFMBTNJTNBTBVUPSJEBEFT FMDPBDIZFMTFPS
WSDBS DSFBSPOVOBBTPDJBDJODJWJM +BHVBSFTKWFOFTEFCJFO $BEFOB KVOUPDPOMPTQBESFTEFMPTKWFOFT+BHVBSFT QSPNP
"$  DPO FM PCKFUJWP EF USBUBS EF SFDVQFSBS FM UFKJEP TPDJBM WJFSPO MB DSFBDJO EF VO DBNQP EFQPSUJWP FO FM DPSB[O EF
SPUPFO$JVEBE+VSF[NFEJBOUFBDUJWJEBEFTGBNJMJBSFTZEF 7JMMBTEF4BMWSDBS FMFQJDFOUSPEFTVUSBHFEJB DPOFMPCKFUJWP
TPMJEBSJEBETPDJBM EFGPNFOUBSFMEFQPSUFFOMB[POB
-FTFOTFBNPTWBMPSFT UPEPTMPTWBMPSFT QBSBTBMJSEFFTUB )PZ BMPTKVHBEPSFTEFEJTUJOUBTDBUFHPSBTRVFUFOBO
CBTVSB3FTQFUPBMPUSP EJHOJEBE IPOFTUJEBE RVFTFQBORVF FO TFIBOTVNBEPPUSPT EFTEFMPTIBTUBMPT
HBOBSQPSHBOBSOPFTVOPCKFUJWP4JWBNPTBTBMJSEFFTUP  BPT JODMVZFOEPBMBTKVHBEPSBTEFMQSJNFSFRVJQPGFNFOJM 
RVFTFBDPOOVFTUSPTNFKPSFTIPNCSFTEJDF1BQ5POLB RVJFOFTBEFNTEFKVHBS QBSUJDJQBOFOMBTBDUJWJEBEFTTPDJBMFT
$VBOEP MPT DIBWPT TF RVFEBSPO TJO SFDVSTPT  QPSRVF MB RVFMMFWBBDBCPMBBTPDJBDJOZTFJNQSFHOBOEFMBMPTPGBEF
DJVEBE TF WPMWJ VO GBOUBTNB TJO JOHSFTPT TVDJFOUFT  FM SFTQFUPZMFHBMJEBERVFJOUFOUBOJNQSJNJSMFTVTPSHBOJ[BEPSFT
DPBDIEPOVOUFSSFOPQFSTPOBMFOVOBDPMPOJBEFMBQFSJGF "MHPEFYJUPQVEPIBCFSUFOJEPFMFTGVFS[PEFUPEPTFMMPT 
SJBEFMBDJVEBE DPNPBNJOVUPTFOBVUPEFM$#5*4 QBSB EJDFFMTFPS$BEFOB TJHOJDBUJWPFOVOBDJVEBEEPOEFMB
BCSJSVODFOUSPEFMBWBEPEFBVUPT $BSXBTI+BHVBSFT RVFMPT MVDIBQPSEFSSPUBSBMSJWBMDPOWJSUJFODBSOJDFSBMPRVFGVF
NJTNPTKVHBEPSFTIBDFOGVODJPOBSFOTVTSBUPTMJCSFT VOBDJVEBECPZBOUF QMFUSJDBEFWJEB
5VSOOEPTFFOKPSOBEBTEFNFEJBNBBOBPNFEJBUBSEF  &OMPTMUJNPTNJOVUPTEFMKVFHPOBMDPOUSBMPT*OEJPT
TFHOUJFOFOOFDFTJEBEEFQBHBSBMHOWJBKFEFQSDUJDBT KV EF MB "VUOPNB  MPT +BHVBSFT TF BQPEFSBO EFM CBMO Z TPO
HBS BMHO DBNQFPOBUP  DPNQMFUBS MB DPMFHJBUVSB  DPNQSBS TVKFUPTEFVOKVFHPTVDJPRVFPCMJHBBVOPEFMPTTVZPTBTFS
NBUFSJBMEFBMHVOBNBUFSJBFTDPMBSPJODMVTPTJRVJFSFOUSBFS TBDBEPFOBNCVMBODJB&TBKVHBEBMFTDVFTUBFMDBNQFPOBUP 
FGFDUJWP FO MB CPMTB  MPT NVDIBDIPT MMFHBO BM carwash Z TF QFSPMFTTJHOJDBVOSFDPOPDJNJFOUPJOFTQFSBEPFMUSPGFPBM
QPOFOBDIBNCFBS FRVJQPDPOFMKVFHPMJNQJPNTFKFNQMBS
-BTHBOBODJBT EFTQVTEFMQBHPEFBHVB MV[ZTFSWJDJPT  2VJFOSFDJCFFMQSFNJP 3BM1BSSB FTVONVDIBDIPEF
TPOOUFHSBTQBSBFMMPTZTVTOFDFTJEBEFT:NBOUJFOFOFMOF BPT NBSJTDBMEFDBNQPEFMFRVJQP RVFIPZPTUFOUBFMMJ
HPDJPWJHFOUFDBTJTJOTVQFSWJTJOBEVMUB EFSB[HPRVFVOBWF[UVWJFSPO3PESJHP$BEFOBZ+VBO$BSMPT

256 257
.FESBOP2VFJNQVMTBMBTKVHBEBT RVFHSJUB RVFPSHBOJ[B
BUBRVFT RVFSFWJFOUBKVHBEBTEFMBEWFSTBSJP RVFTFTBDVEFFM
TVEPSZTJHVFDPSSJFOEP
$VBOEPFMTFPS$BEFOBMPPCTFSWB NFDPNFOUB
$VBOEPMPWFPDPSSFS BWFDFTNFSFDVFSEBBNJNV
DIBDIP
/P FT TMP TV QBTJO QPS FM KVFHP 4V NBOFSB EF QFMFBS
FM CBMO Z TV GPSNB EF DPSSFS &M NVDIBDIP MMFWB DPOTJHP
DJDBUSJDFT6OBFOMBQJFSOBEFSFDIB RVFMFDSV[BFMNVTMPEF
VOMBEPBMPUSP0USBFOMBQBOUPSSJMMBEFSFDIBZVOBNTFO
FMQJF5BNCJOFTUBCBBRVFMMBOPDIFFO7JMMBTEF4BMWSDBS
4PONJTDJDBUSJDFTEJDFFMNVDIBDIPDVBOEPMFQSF
HVOUP4POSF2VJOTBCFQPSRV QFSPTPOSF
&MTFPS$BEFOBMPBCSB[B4FHVSBNFOUFWFFOMPTPKPTEF
3BM BMHVOB FYQSFTJO  BMHO HVJP  BMHO WFTUJHJP RVF MF
EFWVFMWFB3PESJHP"TVIJKP

258

/
5 
Cristina Rivera Garza
&
Thelma Gmez Durn
7
Alberto Njar
-
Daniela Pastrana
5
Marcela Turati
5
John Gibler
-
Vanessa Job
&
Lydiette Carrin
-
Luis Guillermo Hernndez
-
Daniela Rea
6
Elia Baltazar
6
Luis Guillermo Hernndez
Entre las cenizasTFUFSNJOEFJNQSJNJSFO
MBDJVEBEEF0BYBDBEF+VSF[FOOPWJFNCSFEF 
QPDPBOUFTEFRVFUFSNJOBSBFMTFYFOJPEF'FMJQF$BMEFSO
MTFWB QFSPTFRVFEBONJMFTEFNVFSUPTZ FOUSFFTPT
NVFSUPT NVDIBTIJTUPSJBTRVFBRVFTUO DPNPGPHBUBT 
PGSFDJFOEPGVFHP MV[ZDPCJKP
&MUJSBKFEFFTUFMJCSPDPOTUBEFNJMFKFNQMBSFT

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