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Subject To Be Examples
To Be - Contractions
Contractions of To Be are very frequent when we are speaking.
To Be Contraction Examples
To Be - Negative Sentences
The negative of To Be can be made by adding not after the verb.
Subject To Be Examples
I am not I am not from Spain.
You are not You are not Australian.
He is not He is not thirty years old.
She is not She is not a secretary.
It is not It is not a small cat.
We are not We are not stupid.
You are not You are not teachers.
They are not They are not single.
To Be - Negative Contractions
There are two ways of forming contractions of To Be in negative sentences. One is with a
contraction of the subject and the verb (e.g. I am = I'm) OR a contraction of the verb and not (e.g.
are not = aren't)
To Be - Questions
To create questions with To Be, you put the Verb before the Subject.
Subject Verb
Affirmative Question
I am intelligent. Am I intelligent?
You are a student. Are you a student?
He is a pilot. Is he a pilot?
She is from Spain. Is she from Spain?
It is a big house. Is it a big house?
We are ready. Are we ready?
You are doctors. Are you doctors?
They are rich. Are they rich?
To Be - Short Answers
In spoken English, we usually give short answers in response to questions.
Are you a student? - Yes, I am (a student). The last part (a student) is not necessary. We use shorts
answers to avoid repetition, when the meaning is clear.
Summary Chart
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SUBJECT & OBJECT PRONOUNS
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS & POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES (ALTOGETHER)
SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE
PRONOUNS PRONOUNS PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES
I Me Mine My
It It Its Its
We Us Ours Our
1. For facts
3. For habits
4. For things that are generally true in the present time period:
She is my girlfriend.
We study English.
2. When something is happening at this moment. When the action has started but hasn't finished.
3. To talk about something that is happening around the time of speaking but not necessarily at that
exact moment.
A significant difference between these two tenses is we use the simple present tense for things
that are permanent or are in general and the present progressive tense for things that may
change or are temporary.
Compare:
Permanent Temporary
Simon lives in Birmingham. Simon is living with his friends for now.
Another difference is that there are some verbs in English that we don't use in the progressive
tense. These include:
Belong - Cost - Hate - Have (possession) - Hear - Know - Like - Love - Need - Own - Remember -
Seem - Smell - Understand - Want
Different Meanings
In questions the same verb can change the meaning depending on if it is in the present or the
present progressive tense.
Statement Meaning
What are you doing? What are you doing at the moment?
What are you reading? What are you reading right now?
Present Tense
1. For facts.
3. For habits
4. For things that are generally true in the present time period.
We use the present tense when the beginning or ending of an action, event or condition is unknown
or unimportant to the meaning of the sentence.
Progressive Tense
3. To talk about something that is happening around the time of speaking but not necessarily
at that exact moment.
A sentence in the Present Continuous indicates that the action, event or condition is ongoing. It is
happening at this point in time and emphasizing the continuing nature of an act, event or condition.
Past Tense
1. To indicate that an action, event or condition has started and finished. It can be included
with a time reference (for more information) or without.
They went to the beach.
It can be included with a time reference (for more information) or without it.
A sentence in the Present Continuous indicates that the action, event or condition is ongoing. It is
happening at this point in time and emphasizing the continuing nature of an act, event or condition.
A significant difference between the simple present tense and the Progressive Tense is:
We use the Simple Present Tense for things that are permanent
We use the Present Progressive for things that may change (are temporary).
Compare:
Progressive I'm living in Peru I'm not living in Peru. Are you living in Peru?
Past I lived in Peru. I didn't live in Peru. Did you live in Peru?
If you already know how to use the Present Tense, then the Past Tense will be easy.
In general, the Past Tense is used to talk about something that started and finished at a
definite time in the past.
This is totally different from other languages such as Spanish, French, Italian etc. where you
change the verb ending for every subject.
I wanted
You wanted
He wanted
She wanted
It wanted
We wanted
They wanted
So you just have to learn one word to be able to use it in the past tense. In this case we just
needed to learn the one word wanted which can be used for all subjects (or people).
play played
cook cooked
rain rained
wait waited
There are some exceptions with a slight change in spelling which you can see here:
Spelling of words ending in ED.
It rained yesterday.
Note: There are three different ways of pronouncing the ed at the end of a verb in the past
tense.
We recommend reading our guide about the pronunciation of ED at the end of words.
The main verb (live in the example above) is in its base form (of the infinitive). The
auxiliary DIDN'T shows that the sentence is negative AND in the past tense.
NOTICE: The only difference between a negative sentence in the present tense and a negative
sentence in the past tense is the change in the auxiliary verb.
Both don't and doesn't in the present tense become didn't in the past tense.
The main verb (live in the example above) is in its base form (of the infinitive). The
auxiliary DID shows that the question is in the past tense.
NOTICE: The only difference between a question in the present tense and a question in the
past tense is the change in the auxiliary verb.
Both Do and Does in present tense questions become Didn't in past tense questions.
We can also use a question word (Who, What, Why etc.) before DID to ask for more
information.
The word went is used for all subjects I, you, we, they, he, she, it.
BUT, as we mentioned before, it is only in its irregular form (went) in sentences that are
affirmative/positive.
They didn't go to the beach --- Didn't shows that we are talking in the past tense.
Did they go to the beach? --- Did shows that we are talking in the past tense.
To make a negative sentence in English we normally use Don't or Doesn't with all verbs
EXCEPT To Be and Modal verbs (Can, might, should etc.).
You will see that we add don't between the subject and the verb. We use Don't when the
subject is I, you, we or they.
When the subject is he, she or it, we add doesn't between the subject and the verb to make a
negative sentence. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in the affirmative sentence
(because it is in third person) disappears in the negative sentence. We will see the reason why
below.
Contractions
Don't = Do not
Doesn't = Does not
*Verb: The verb that goes here is the base form of the infinitive = The infinitive without TO
before the verb. Instead of the infinitive To have it is just the have part.
Remember that the infinitive is the verb before it is conjugated (changed) and it begins
with TO. For example: to have, to eat, to go, to live, to speak etc.
5. did yo have Did you have (you /have) a test last week?
Complete the text with the Past Simple or Past Continuous of the verbs in
brackets
Gap-fill exercise
Correct! Well done.
Your score is 1%.
It (rain) was raining very hard when the bus (leave) left the school. When we (get) got home, my
Aunt Carol and Uncle Arthur (wait) were waiting for us. They (tell) told us to run into their
basement. When I (look) looked up the road, I (see) saw that a tornado (come) was
coming towards our house. We all (run) ran towards the shelter. But it was too late. The tornado
(pass) was passing over us while we (try) were trying to get down the stairs. We (close) were
closing the door when the wind suddenly (pull) pulled it off. The noise was as loud as a train, and it
was very dark. My uncle (hold) was holding me down when suddenly the tornado (lift) lifted him
and threw him against a wall. Everybody (scream) was screaming for help while the tornado
(throw) was throwing things on top of us. Suddenly the wind (stop) stopped. It
(become) became very quiet. My uncle and sister were hurt, but we all (survive) survived.
They're/their/there
Conjunctions
Abbreviations
5. Who [No answer] will win the next World Cup? (win)
Rule: prdiction
6. I'm sure you [No answer] will not fail the exam next week. (not fail)
Rule: I'm sure est toujours suivi de will
7. I [No answer] am visiting my parents at the week-end. (visit)
Rule: l'action est dja planifie
8. Don't touch that dog. It [No answer] will bite you. (bite)
Rule: Ici, will montre la prdiction
She went to the market. => She [No answer] did not go to the market.
emploi de did pour le prtrit ngatif (voir cours n 34319)
They began running. => They [No answer] did not begin running.
emploi de did pour le prtrit ngatif (voir cours n 34319)
He listened to the teacher. => He [No answer] did not listen to the teacher.
emploi de did pour le prtrit ngatif (voir cours n 34319)
Do you know the book [No answer] which I read last Sunday?
which se rapporte un objet (voir cours n 9098)
The man, [No answer] who is in the car, is my uncle.
who se rapporte un tre vivant + sujet de is (in the car) (voir cours
n 9098)
The blue dress is cheap. => The blue dress is [No answer] the cheapest.
adjectif court (voir cours n 73743)
That exercise is easy. => That exercise is [No answer] the easiest.
adjectif court + y se change en i (voir cours n 73743)
To shaveTo wake up
To sleepTo get up
To wipe oneself
To soapTo shave
Housework
To sewTo make the bed
To dustTo sew
In the street
To run
To walkTo wait
To walkTo do shopping
Eating
To drinkTo cook
To talkTo drink
Daily activities
To do gardeningTo work
To read
To do sportTo write
To do sportTo study
To do DIYTo play
To writeTo do DIY
To singTo do gardening
To do DIYTo do sport
To do DIYTo sing
To readTo dance
In the evening
To phoneTo do homework
The body
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
The
The chestThe head The bellyThe hand The headThe chest The legThe belly The headThe leg
arm The bellyThe foot
The face
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
The mouthThe The noseThe foreh The noseThe e The noseThe e The chinThe n The eyesThe mo
hair ead yes ars ose uth The foreheadThe c
hin
The family
1 2 3 4
The grandmother The sonThe grandfather The motherThe father
The fatherThe mother
5 6 7 8
The daughterThe son The motherThe daughter sisterbrother
sister
1 2 3 4 5
The doorThe house The chimney The roof The windows
The door
The bedroom
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
The The rugThe wardrob
The lampThe desk The lampThe chest The bedThe rug The lampThe chair
bed e The rugThe lamp
In the kitchen
1 2 3 4 5 6
The
The stoveThe si The refrigeratorThe sto The stoveThe microwa The stoveThe crocke
refrigerato The crockerySome fo
nk ve ve ry
r od
On the table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
The
The glassThe tab The plateThe tablecl The glassThe pla The tableclothThe spo The plateThe fo
knif The forkThe gla
le oth te on rk
e ss
In the living-room
1 2 3 4 5
The
The armchairThe sofa The loungeThe fire place The fire placeThe television
armchair The fire placeThe HIFI system
Some clothes
1 2 3 4 5
A pair of trousersThe hat The hatThe pullover The pulloverThe jacket The dressThe shirt
A pair of trousers
6 7 8 9
A pair of trousersThe skirt The skirtThe dress The dressThe socks
The skirtA pair of shoes
At school
1 2 3 4
The pupilsThe teacher The school bagThe pupils The exercise bookThe classroom
The classroomThe blackboard
5 6 7 8
The penThe school bag The teacherThe exercise book The classroomThe books
The exercise bookThe pen
In the street
1 2 3 4
The pedestriansThe street The pavement The pavementThe zebra crossing
The signboardsThe traffic lights
5 6 7
The pedestriansThe signboards The zebra crossingThe shops
The zebra crossingThe pedestrians
Means of transportation
1 2 3 4
The boatThe bus The carThe tube(GB) /subway(US) The boatThe train The plane
5 6 7 8
The bicycleThe car The busThe bicycle The busThe motorcycle
The planeThe boat
Your day
1 2 3 4 5
At the nightIn the morning At nightAt noon In the daytimeIn the evening In the morningAt night
In the daytime
The seasons
1 2 3 4
autumnspring autumnsummer springautumn
summerwinter
The weather
1 2 3 4 5 6
The sun The windThe rain The snowThe storm The cloudsThe snow The sunThe clouds
The cloudsThe wind
The environment
1 2 3 4 5 6
The seaA tree The sea2 flowers The cityThe countryside The mountain The countryThe sea
2 flowersThe city
Some animals
1 2 3 4 5
A giraffeA dog A giraffeA cat A catA bird An elephantA fish A cowA rabbit
6 7 8 9 10
A fishA cow A lionA horse A catA lion A birdA giraffe
A lionAn elephant
The girls are eating tomatoes. [No answer]The girl is eating a tomato.
Man
[No answer]men
Woman
[No answer]women
Foot
[No answer]feet
Mouse
[No answer]mice
Tooth
[No answer]teeth
Child
[No answer]children
Crisis
[No answer]crises
Phenomenon
[No answer]phenomena
Match
[No answer]matches
Glass
[No answer]glasses
Box
[No answer]boxes
Tomato
[No answer]tomatoes
Brush
[No answer]brushes
Baby
[No answer]babies
Country
[No answer]countries
Factory
[No answer]factories
Day
[No answer]days
Boy
[No answer]boys
Calf
[No answer]calves
Thief
[No answer]thieves
Cliff
[No answer]cliffs
Knife
[No answer]knives
Wife
[No answer]wives
Life
[No answer]lives
Half
[No answer]halves
Actor
[No answer]actress
Host
[No answer]hostess
Prince
[No answer]princess
Waiter
[No answer]waitress
Boyfriend
[No answer]girlfriend