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Aim:-
Description:-
Specifications of IC engine:
Components:-
Connecting rod: Connecting rod joins the piston to the crankshaft
(rotating mass) and essentially converts reciprocating motion into
rotary motion
Pushrod: Pushrod is used when the camshaft is situated at the bottom
end of cylinder. It carries the camshaft motion to the valves which are
situated at the cylinder head.
Crankshaft: Crankshaft delivers the power and transmits rotary motion,
it also provides power to other engine auxiliaries.
Suction & Exhaust valves: Inlet valves lets fresh charge inside and
exhaust valve expels out burnt matter.
Suction/intake & Exhaust manifolds: Intake manifold drives in the fresh
charge (Air fuel mixture or air only) till the inlet valve. Exhaust manifold
drive out the expelled gases from exhaust valve and dump into
atmosphere
Air box: For air consumption measurement air box with orifice is used.
Crank angle sensor: The functional objective for the crankshaft position
sensor is to determine the position and/or rotational speed (RPM) of
the crank.
Wrist pin: These are hardened steel parallel spindles fitted through
the piston bosses and the small end bushes or eyes to allow the
connecting rods to swivel. It connects the piston to connecting rod. It is
made hollow for lightness
Piston: Piston acts as the moving boundary for the cylinder system and
converts the power developed into the motion.
Engine head: Red engine head is for petrol and blue engine head is for
diesel.
Piezo sensor: These miniature sensor series are used for general
purpose pressure measurements.
Throttle body: throttle body is the part of the air intake system that
controls the amount of air flowing into the engine, in response to driver
accelerator pedal input.
IC ENGINES LAB REPORT -1
Fuel pump: The pump creates positive pressure in the fuel lines, pushing
the gasoline to the engine.
Temperature sensors: They measure the temperature at end of the
exhaust manifold.
Fly Wheel: Fly wheel is a rotating mass used as an energy storing device.
The main function of flywheel is to rotate the shaft during preparatory
stroke. It also makes crankshaft rotation more uniform.
Load cell: They are suitably used for static & dynamic weighing,
bin/hopper weighing, force measurement and electro-mechanical
conversion.
Rotameter: It works on the principle of variable area. The vertical float
as indicated by scale is a measurement instantaneous flow rate.
Fuel injector (for diesel): By pressurizing and injecting the fuel, the
system forces it into air that has been compressed to high pressure in
the combustion chamber.
Pushrod: Pushrod is used when the camshaft is situated at the bottom
end of cylinder. It carries the camshaft motion to the valves which are
situated at the cylinder head.
Spark plug: The main function of a sparkplug is to conduct the high
potential from the ignition system into the combustion chamber.
Rocker Arm: Rocker Arms are typically in between the pushrod and the
intake and exhaust valves. They allow the pushrods to push up on the
rocker arms and therefore push down on the valves.
Piston rings: These are used to maintain a pressure tight seal between
the piston and cylinder walls and also it transfer the heat from the piston
head to cylinder walls. These rings are fitted in grooves which have been
cut in the piston. They are split at one end so they can expand or slipped
over the end of piston.
IC ENGINES LAB REPORT -1
VCR Engine:
The standard available engines can be modified by providing additional
variable combustion space. There are different arrangements by which this can
be achieved. Tilting cylinder block method is one of the arrangements where the
compression ratio can be changed without change is combustion geometry. With
this method the compression ratio can be changed within designed range
without stopping the engine.
The small lever on the engine head near the push rods for the valves is used
to stop the engine as by using it, we can keep the exhaust valve open. This makes
IC ENGINES LAB REPORT -1
pressure building inside cylinder difficult and engine stops due to lack of required
power production.
= .
Conclusion:
The complete working of duel fuel and 4 stroke single cylinder VCR IC
engine present in the lab is understood along with working of rotameters and
eddy current dynamometers.
IC ENGINES LAB REPORT -1