INTRUDUCTION

1)Angular momentum

Chemical shifts
1)nuclear shielding
2)origin of chemical shift

A magnetic field can be induce two kind of electronic current in the molecule
a)Diamagnetic current -It arises from movement of electron within atomic or molecular orbital
b)paramagnetic current-when an external magnetic field applied along z axis it distorts the
wavefunction of the ground state by mixing it with small fraction of excited wavefunction.in
this way the field partially overcomes the energy gap of p orbital in x and y direction thus
creating a path for electron to circulate in the xy plane

3))contribution to nuclear sheileding

Spin - spin coupling

1)effect of nmr spectra
2)multiplet patterns
3)equivalent nucli
4)strong coupling
5)mechanism of spin spin coupling
6)proprties of scalar coupling
7)scalar coupling

Chemical exchange
1)symetrical two side exchange
2)unsymetrical two side exchange