A MINI PROJECT REPORT

On

Supervisory control and data acquisition

Submitted in partial fulfillment of

the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in

Electronics and Communication Engineering

by
Ms. R.PADMA (136C1A0481)
Ms. S.PRIYANKA (136C1A0486)
Ms. S.MANGATHAYARU (136C1A0490)
Ms. S.SUJANA (136C1A0489)
Under the esteemed guidance of
Ms.M.KALYANI
Associate professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

MEDHA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN
(Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad)
Khammam-507003(T.S)
(2016 2017)
 Medha Institute of Science and Technology for Women
(Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad)
Khammam-507003(T.S)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that mini project entitled SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA
ACQUISITION is being submitted for the partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering from Medha Institute of Science &
Technology forWomenaffiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru TechnologicalUniversityHyderabad, is
bonafied workdon MS.R.PADMA(136C1AO481), MS.S.PRIYANKA (136C1A0486),
MS.S.SMANGATHAYARU (136C1A0490), MS.S.SUJANA(136C1A0489), during the
academic year 2015-2016 under our guidance and supervision,and it has been found worthy
of acceptance according to the requirement of the university.

.
.

Internal Guide Head of the Department

Ms.M.KALYANI Sri. B. Kantha Rao

External Examiner
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to our parents without whom we
would not have been privileged to achieve and fulfill our dreams. I am grateful to our
principal Dr. M. Murali, who most ably run the institution and has had the major hand in
enabling us to do the project.
We profoundly thank Mr. B. Kantha Rao, Head of the Department, Electronics and
Communication Engineering, who have been an excellent guide and also a great source of
inspiration to our work.
We would like to thank our guide(SK.Mujafar Ahmed), Department of Electronics
And Communication Engineering, Medha Institute Of Science and Technology for
Women , for her technical guidance, constant encouragement and support for carrying our
project in college.
We would like to express our gratitude to all the people behind the screen who helped
us to transform an idea into a real application.

By:

R.PADMA (136C1A0481)
S.PRIYANKA (136C1A0486)
S.MANGATHAYARU (136C1A0490)
S.SUJANA (136C1A0489)
 DECLARATION

We hereby submit that the mini project entitled SUPERVISORY CONTROL

AND DATA ACQUISITION in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering, and this is a
record of bonafied work carried out by us and the results embodied in this Project Report
have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any other
degree.

by
R.PADMA (136CIA0481)
S.PRIYANKA (136C1A0486)
S.MANGATHAYARU (136C1A0490)
S.SUJANA (136C1A0489)
s.no CONTENTS page no

Acknowledgement
i

List of Figures ii

List of Tables
iii

Abstract
iv

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Embedded system
1
CHAPTER 2 MICRO CONTROLLER 3
2.1 definition of microcontroller 3
2.2 Microcontrollers versus Microprocessors 4
2.3 Atmega8 5
2.4 Key features 6
CHATER 3 HARDWARE MPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT 24
3.1 Introduction of the project 24
3.2 project design 24
3.3 Block diagram 25
3.3.1 Power supply 25
3.3.2 Transformer 26
3.3.3 Rectifier 26
 3.3.4 Filter 26
3.3.5 Voltage regulator 27
3.4 Atmega8 27
3.5 Relay 27
3.6 LCD display 28
3.6.1Pin configuration 30
3.7 LDR 30
3.8 TEMPERATURE SENSOR 31
3.9 HUMIDITY SENSOR 32
3.10 SMOKE SENSOR 33
3.11 MAX232 34
3.12 BUZZER 35
3.13 DC MOTOR 36

CHAPTER 4 FIRMWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT 38

4.1 AVR studio overview 38
4.2 Assembling 42
4.3 Flash programming 43
4.4 Source code 46
CHAPTER 5 APPLICATIONS 49
CHAPTER 6 ADVANTAGES 50
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION 51
CHAPTER 8 FUTURE SCOPE 52
CHAPTER 9 REFERENCES 53
 LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.No Figure Name PageNo.

2.1 a typical microcontroller device and its different subunits 4

2.4(a) pin diagram of ATmega8A 8
2.4(a) Face detection using Viola-Jones algorithm 17

3.2(a) Input image 20

3.2(b) Histogram of oriented gradients 20

3.3(a) Detecting Objects in motion 21

3.4(a) Feature detection using SIFT algorithm 23

4.4.1(a) Affine transformation in plane geometry 28

5.1 MATLAB version 13 29
6.1 Target image 38
6.2 Reference image 38
6.3 Target gray colour image 39
6.4 Reference gray colour image 39
6.5 Feature points from Target image 40
6.6 Feature points from reference image 40
6.7 Matched points (including outliers) 41
6.8 Matched points (including inliers) 41
6.9 Detected image 41
6.10 Target image 42
6.11 Detected object 42
6.12 Target image 43
6.13 Reference image 43
6.14 Target gray colour image 44
6.15 Reference gray colour image 44
6.16 Feature points from Target imag 45
6.17 Feature points from reference image 45
6.18 Matched points (including outliers) 46
6.19 Matched points (including inliers) 46
6.20 Detected image 46
6.21 Target image 47
6.22 Detected object 47
 NOMENCLATURE
GIF Graphics Interchange Format
PNG Portable Networks Graphics
TIFF Tag Image File Format
EXIF Exchangeable Image Format
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts
Group
SIFT Scale Invarient Feature
Transform
SURF Speed-Up Robust Features

ABSTRACT
 Real-time object learning and detection are important and challenging tasks in
Computer Vision. Detection of objects in any image is a fundamental challenge that has been
widely undertaken by computer vision systems. This project proposes a point feature
matching technique to detect a particular object in any cluttered scenes.This approach is
related to recent and efficient matching methods which consider only images and their
gradients to detect objects.The SURF algorithm is used in point feature matching technique
for detecting a specific object based on finding point correspondences between the reference
and the target image.
This algorithm detect objects despite a scale change or in-plane rotation. It is also
robust to small amount of out-of-plane rotation and occlusion.This method of object detection
works best for the objects that exhibt the non-repeating texture patterns which give rise to
unique feature matches.This technique is not likely to work well for uniformly coloured
objects and also for objects containing repeating texture patterns.

Font Style ---- Times New Roman

Headings font size----- 16
Sub headings font size----14
Content font size----12
Header -----Project Name
Footer---- Dept of ECE in left bottom and Medha Institute of Technology
and Science for Women in right bottom
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