2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6A-1 April 2011 ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities
Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Goal Predict rate dependent stress relaxation of structure using an implicit time hardening creep model.
Model Description C-Clamp assembly consisting of a C-Clamp 3D solid body meshed with tetrahedral elements to represent the clamp and a line body meshed with beam elements to represent the bolt Bolt tied to the clamp body via Bolt fixed joints at each end. Materials: Rate dependent structural steel for clamp High strength rate independent steel for bolt
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6A-2 April 2011 ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities
Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Model Description (contd)
Materials: Bolt: Rate independent structural steel Clamp: Rate dependent structural steel that relaxes according to the following Modified Time Hardening formula:
C2 C3 1 C4 /T C1 t e cr C3 1 Where: C1 = 2e-10, C2=1, C3=1.5, C4 = 0, metric units (N, mm)
Load specifications: 10,000N bolt pretension loading for 150 seconds
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Steps to Follow: Restore Archive browse for file W6a-creep.wbpz
Save as File name: W6a-creep Save as type: Workbench Project Files (*.wbpj)
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
The project Schematic should look like the
picture to the right. From this Schematic, you can see that Engineering (material) Data and Geometry have already been defined (green check marks). It remains to define the rate dependent creep material properties, set up and run the FE model in Mechanical
Highlight the Engineering Data Cell and open by
clicking on the Right Mouse Button (RMB)=>Edit. Verify that the units are in Metric(Tonne,mm,..) system. If not, fix this by clicking on Utility Menu=>Units=>Metric(Tonne, mm,..)
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6A-5 April 2011 ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities
Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Define the creep material model
Highlight the Default Structural Steel material and RMB=>Duplicate to create a separate material model. Rename this new material Creep
With the new Creep material
model highlighted, go to the Toolbox and insert a Modified Time Hardening creep model from the Creep folder.
The Engineering Data page should
now look as shown
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Define the creep material model (contd)
Set the Reference Length Unit to mm Using the constant values from page WS6A-3 fill in the data table accordingly
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Return to the Project Schematic
Refresh project
Double click on the Model Cell to open the FE Model (Mechanical
Session) (or RMB=>Edit)
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Once inside the Mechanical application, verify the working unit system Unit > Metric (mm,kg,N,s,mV,mA) Open the folders beneath the model branch to become familiar with the model set-up. Expand Geometry branch and note the two different body types (solid body for the clamp, line body for the bolt). Expand the Connections branch and note the two fixed joints designed to connect the ends of the bolt to the faces of the clamp by way of constraint equations automatically. The pinball is sized to represent the extent of bolt head and nut interface with the clamped surfaces.
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6A-9 April 2011 ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities
Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Highlight the Solid body representing the clamp and change material assignment to the Creep model
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
2011 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. WS6A-10 April 2011 ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities
Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Loads and Boundary conditions.
The back face of the clamp body is fixed. A bolt pretension load is applied to the line body over two load steps LS 1 calculates the adjustment needed in bolt shank length to produce user defined bolt load LS2 locks the adjustment into the bolt via constraint equations .
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Highlight the Analysis Settings branch,set number of load steps to 2 and
define the Solution Control specifications as shown for each load step. Note: LS1 establishes the static stress state in one substep at time zero (=1e-006 s) with the Creep Effects turned Off. LS2 activates the creep calculation (end time =150 s) over several substeps, allowing bisections if/when creep strain exceeds 10 times the elastic strain.
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary Release 13.0
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Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation Customer Training Material
Execute the solve
This run should converge without trouble, but might take a few minutes depending on hardware. Note the development in creep strain as indicated by nonzero values reported for creep ratio in the solver output during the run.
After Solution is complete, Post process
results (displacement, stress, strain,etc) Insert Equivalent Creep Strain Notice how the Equivalent Creep Strain increases (as expected) over time, while the bolt load and equivalent stress dissipates as the structure relaxes. Animate various results over time to confirm these effects.
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