Form 3 chapter 2

BLOOD CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT

Learning Objective: 2.1 Understanding the transport system in humans

1. Complete the statement below to describe the circulatory system in human using the
words given.

blood valves heart

The __________________ in the human body flows in a one-way direction. The

______________ pumps the blood through tubes called blood vessels. The ________________
ensure the blood flows in one direction.

2. Complete the following statement to state the function of the heart.

The hearts is a muscular organ that _____________ blood to all parts of the body.

3. Label the diagram below to show the structure of human heart using the words given.

Left ventricle Vena cava Pulmonary vein Tricuspid valve

a.

b.

d.

c.

4. The diagram below shows a cross section of a vein, capillary and artery.

Underline the correct answers below to compare and contrast the structure of arteries,
veins and capillaries.
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 Form 3 chapter 2

Characteristics
Types of blood
Presence of
vessel Thickness of wall Size of lumen
valves
Vein (thick / thin) (small / big) (yes / no)
Capillary One cell thick Very small (yes / no)
Artery (thick / thin) (small / big) (yes / no)

5. Draw lines to match the characteristics of the blood vessels with their functions.

Characteristics Functions

To withstand high pressure of the

Valves along the blood vessels blood flowing through

Thick muscular wall To prevent backflow of the blood

To allow exchange of materials

One-cell thick wall with the surrounding tissue

6. Complete the table below to compare and contrast between oxygenated and de-oxygenated
blood.

Oxygenated Blood De-oxygenated Blood

Contents Rich in carbon dioxide.

Rich in _______________________.

Colour Dark/Purplish red in colour.

Bright ___________ in colour.

Direction
Usually flows out from the heart. of flow
Usually flows __________ the heart.
Flows out from the lungs through the Blood Flows to the lungs through the
pulmonary vein. vessel _____________________.

Upper
parts of
7. The diagram below shows the path of blood flow in the human circulatory system.
the
body
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Right Left
Lung Lung
Heart
 Form 3 chapter 2

Lower parts of the

body

Complete the statements below to illustrate the path of blood flow.

The flow of blood can be divided into two paths. In one path, de-oxygenated blood
flows between the heart and the _____________and in another path, oxygenated
blood flows between the _______________ and the rest of the body. This complete
circulation is called the double circulatory system.

8. Complete the statement below to describe the role of the blood circulatory system in the transport
of substances using the words given.

waste products oxygen carbon dioxide nutrients

The main function of the circulatory system is to transport substances like

____________________ and ___________________ to cells and carries
______________________ and _________________________ away from the cells.

9. Complete the statements below to explain the importance of maintaining a healthy

heart using the words given.

smoking transport fats exercise

a. The heart is a vital organ in the ____________________ system of the body.

b. We can avoid heart disease by not ________________ cigarettes.
c. Have a healthy diet that is low in cholesterol and ________________.
d. We must also reduce salt and _____________________ regularly.

Learning Objective: 2.2 Analyse human blood

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 Form 3 chapter 2
1. Draw lines to match the blood constituents with their functions.

Blood Constituent Functions

Red blood cells Transport needed substances
White blood cells Fight off diseases
Plasma Help the blood to clot
Platelets Transport oxygen

2. Complete the statement below to state the blood groups.

Human blood can be classified into four groups; _______, ______, ______ and AB.

3. Complete the table to match the blood group of the donor to that of the recipient.

Donors Recipients
AB
A
B
O O

4. Tick (/) the correct statement below to justify the importance of blood donation.

a. Blood is required for surgery. ( )

b. Blood is required to treat patients with leukaemia. ( )
c. Blood is requires to treat patients with haemophilia. ( )
d. Blood cannot be manufactured synthetically. ( )

5. Complete the statements below to describe how donated blood is stored and handled using
the phrases given.
blood transfusion Donated blood blood bank Blood screening

a. ___________________is important to ensure that the blood is not contaminated

b. Before any _____________________ is done, the blood is tested for compatibility.
c. Blood are stored in _________________ and can last for about 40 days.
d. _____________________are stored as whole blood or separated as plasma, red
blood cells or platelets.
Learning Objective: 2.3 Analysing the transport system in plants

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 Form 3 chapter 2
1. Complete the statements below to describe how wilting occurs using the words given.

water flaccid

a. Wilting occur when plants loses more _______________ than it can absorbs.
b. The cells of the plant lose their turgidity and become soft or ____________.

2. Complete the statement below to describe what transpiration is using the words given.

stomata water

Transpiration is the process in which plants lose ______________ by evaporation

through small openings on the leaves or _________________.

3. Complete the statements below to describe the function of stomata using the words
given.

oxygen reduce transpiration carbon dioxide

a. The stomata of plants are usually open during the day to enable the exchange of
__________________________ and _________________ to take place mainly for
photosynthesis.
b. The stomata are closed on a hot day to ______________ the loss of water by
_______________________.

4. Complete the diagram below to identify the factors affecting the rate of transpiration.

Factors of Transpiration

a. Wind b. c. d.

5. Underline the correct answer below to describe how the factors affect the rate of
transpiration.

(a) Plants transpire (faster, slower) in the presence of light than in the dark.
(b) Transpiration is faster at a (higher, lower) temperature.
(c) High humidity causes a (faster, slower) rate of transpiration.
(d) The more windy the surroundings, the (higher, lower) the rate of transpiration.

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 Form 3 chapter 2
6. Complete the statements below to describe the roles of transpiration using the words
given.

heat mineral salts water

(a) Transpiration gets rid of excess _________________from the plants.

(b) Transpiration cools the plants by removing ___________
(c) Transpiration helps to draw up water and ________________ from the soil.

7. The diagram below shows the cross section of a leaf, stem and root of a plant.
Identify the xylem and phloem.

P :__________________

Q :__________________

R :__________________

S :__________________

T :__________________

U :__________________

8. Draw lines to match xylem and phloem with the correct functions.

Transports food from the leaves

Situated in the inner part of plant stem cell

Xylem

Transports water

Phloem Situated in the outer part of plant stem cell

Blood circulation and transportation

Transports minerals
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 Form 3 chapter 2

1 Which of the following blood groups is the universal recipient?

A Blood group A
B Blood group B
C Blood group AB
D Blood group O

2 The table shows two components of blood X and Y.

Component Function
X Acts as a solvent for digested food
Y Helps in blood clotting

What are components X and Y?

X Y
A Platelets Red blood cells
B White blood cells Plasma
C Plasma Platelets
D Red blood cells White blood cells

3 The following information shows steps taken during the process of dialysis.

L The waste product diffuses out from the blood through pores in the tube
M The blood from the artery flows through the tubes which are immersed in salt
solution.
N The filtered blood flows into the veins of the blood circulation of the patient.

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the process of dialysis?

A L M N

B M L N

C N M L

D M N L

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 Form 3 chapter 2
4 Diagram 18 shows a cross-section of a heart .

Diagram 18

P and Q are blood vessels in the heart.

Which of the following is true about P and Q?

p Q
A Aorta which carries deoxygenated Pulmonary artery which carries
blood oxygenated
B Vena cava which carries Pulmonary vein which carries
deoxygenated blood oxygenated blood
C Pulmonary artery which carries Aorta which carries deoxygenated
oxygenated blood blood
D Pulmonary vein which carries Vena cava which carries
oxygenated blood deoxygenated blood

5 Table 4 shows the blood groups of four students.

Student Blood group

R A
S B
T AB
U O

Student X with blood group O needs a blood transfusion.

Which of the following students can donate to student X?

A U only
B S and T only
C S,T and U only
D R, S, T and U

6. Diagram 16 shows the blood circulatory system in the body.

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 Form 3 chapter 2

Diagram 16

Which of the following statements is true about oxygenated and deoxygenated

blood?

A Deoxygenated blood flows from the heart to all parts of the body
B Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the heart and to all parts of the body
C Oxygenated blood flows from the heart to the lungs and to all parts of the body
D Deoxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the heart and to all parts of the body

7. Diagram 16 shows a cross section of a monocotyledon stem with vascular

bundles.

Diagram 16

What is the function of X?

A Transport water only

B Transport water and minerals
C Transport minerals only
D Transport glucose

1 Figure 1 shows the blood circulatory system of a human.

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 Form 3 chapter 2

Figure 1

(a) Label one of the following blood circulations in Figure 1.

(1 mark)
Systemic Circulation, Pulmonary Circulation

(b)
The pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to
the heart while the aorta transports oxygenated blood from the heart
to all parts of the body except the lungs.

In Figure 1,

( i ) Label the position of the lungs and a ventricle. (2 marks)

( ii ) Mark using arrow, , to show the flow of oxygenated blood.

(1 mark)

(c) Figure 2 shows the cross section of blood vessels P and Q.

Thin wall
Thick
wall

Figure 2

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 Form 3 chapter 2

Explain why there is a difference in the cross section of blood vessels P and Q.

(1 mark)
(d) The rate of a students heart beat increases after a vigorous exercise.
Explain why.

..

..

(1 mark)

2 a) Diagram 8.1 shows two plants, P and Q

. (PMR 2008)

Diagram 8.1

P is watered but Q is not watered

State one inference about the plants. (1 mark)

b) Diagram 8.2 shows three apparatus set up to study the factors that affect the rate of
transpiration. The apparatus was left for three hours in three conditions, J, K, and L.

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 Form 3 chapter 2

Diagram 8.2

Table 8.3 shows the positions of the air bubbles in J and K.

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 Form 3 chapter 2
Condition Position of the air bubble/cm
J 6.6
K 7.8
L

Table 8.3
Based on the Diagram 8.2 and Table 8.3:

i) Record the position of the air bubble in L in Table 8.3 (1 mark)

ii) Use the graph provided to answer this part of the question.
Based on the readings in Table 8.3, draw a bar chart to show the
positions of the air bubble in the three condition
(2 mark)

iii) Based on the bar chart drawn in 8 (b) (ii), state the relationship
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 Form 3 chapter 2
between the positions of the air bubbles and the conditions. (1 mark)

iv) State the manipulated variables involved in this experiment. (1 mark)

v) State what happens to the position of the air bubbles readings when
the apparatus in K is left for more than three hours. (1 mark)

vi) Table 8.4 below shows the positions of the air bubble under a moving
fan of different speeds in one hour.

Speed of fan Position of air bubble/cm

1 6.6
2 6.8
3 7.0
4

Table 8.4

a) Predict the position of the air bubble if the speed of the fan is 4.
Write the prediction in table 8.4 (1 mark)

b) State one hypothesis relating the speed of the fan and the
position of the air bubble. (1 mark)

vii) Define operationally the rate of transpiration (1 mark)

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