Chapter III

Methodology

Research Design

Qualitative phenomenology research served as the main methodology for the study. A

phenomenology research study is a study that attempts to understand peoples perception,

perspectives and understanding of a particular situation. The researchers chose a qualitative

approach for some compelling reasons. And it is to determine the present state of Mangyan in

Brgy. Ilag, San Teodoro and the circumstances of racial discrimination such as prejudice and

over-bias in which hostility or negative feeling held by someone is being exhibited toward a

racialized person or group.

Research Respondents

Purposive sampling, a non-probability sampling will be used for this phenomenological

qualitative research design. Mangyans were selected to be the respondents for this research

study. Since Mangyans are treated as second class citizens and are more subjected to

prejudice, these make them the most appropriate subject for this kind of study that discusses

the discriminations encountered by Indigenous People.

Research Instruments

Interviews will be used in this study. The purpose was to examine and address the

perceptions of selected Mangyans regarding their experiences in terms of Prejudice and Over

Bias.
Date Gathering Procedure

The researchers will provide questions for the conducting of the interviews which will be

held in Barangay Ilag, San Teodoro.

Questions will be answered through qualitative interview with 10 Mangyan respondents.

They were selected through Purposive sampling and they will be the focus or the subjects in this

study

These conversations will be in natural setting. Interviews are recorded (in audio and

video) for the easy transcription of the collected data. These interviews were then hardcoded

into transcripts and served as text. Then, the researchers will proceed to interpretation and

explanation stages contextualizing the text in terms of its relation to a bigger picture.

Data Analysis

The first order analysis of the text will commence the description stage (Fairclough,

1995) surfacing formal properties, categories of the text. In this study, the conversations

transcribed into interview transcripts will serve as the text under analysis. Interview transcripts

underwent cycles of coding, starting from initial coding then proceeding to axial coding. The

coding done is not linear but an iterative one after initial coding, reviewing and validating

codes, narrowed down blobs of codes. The second order analysis will proceed to interpretation

and explanation stages contextualizing the text in terms of its relation to a bigger picture.

Analysis, turning to the stages of interpretation and explanation, is not something that can be

applied to an object, else set conditions about the object what one analyzes is much less

determinate. Interpretation deals with cognitive processes of participants. Explanation, on the

other hand, deals with relationships between transitory and social events (interactions) and

more enduring social structures which shape and are shaped by these events. In both cases of

explanation and interpretation, I, as the analyst, am in the position of offering a broad sense of
interpretations of complex and invisible relationships taking it up a notch from the description

stage. This stage is where all critical reflection will unfold (Mendiola, 2013).

Data Gathering Flowchart Fig. 1