The cancer is the common name given to a set of related diseases in

which there is a process out of control in the division of

the cells body. You can start in a localized manner and spread to
other tissue surrounding. In general leads to the death patient if it
does not receive adequate treatment. More than 200 different types
of cancer are known. The most common are:
de skin, lung,mama and colorectal .
Cancer malignancy is variable, depending on the aggressiveness of
their cells and other biological of each type of tumor
characteristics. In general, the behavior of cancer cells is
characterized by lacking reproductive control that requires their
original function, losing its primitive characteristics and acquiring
others that do not match them, as the ability to invade progressively
and by different routes to organs next (metastasis), with growth and
division over beyond the normal limits of the organ, spreading by the
body primarily through the lymphatic system or circulatory system ,
and causing the growth of new tumors in other parts of the body
away from the original location.
Differences between benign and malignant tumors consist in that the
former are growing slow, do not propagate to other tissues and
rarely recurrence after being removed, while the latter are fast-
growing, they spread to other tissues, frequently relapse after being
extirpated and cause death in a period of variable time, if treatment is
not done. 8 Malignant tumors have serious repercussions, since these
cells consume the nutrients needing other bodies. These cancerous
masses increasing consume nutrients and energy. As a tumor grows,
it creates blood vessels (angiogenesis) to feed, since it requires
energy, so that "kill hunger" organs that surround it. 9 Benign tumors
can use locally in some cases, but do not usually give metastasis at
distance or kill the carrier, with a few exceptions. Normal cells to
come into contact with neighbouring cells inhibits their propagation,
but malignant cells do not have this brake. The majority of cancers
are solid tumors, but some do not, for example, the leukemia .
Diagnosis
For the diagnosis of cancer, the first step is a medical history
performed by the physician, to determine if there is any suspicious
symptoms in the patient. The symptoms can be very varied,
depending on the affected organ, e.g. sputum with blood in the lung
cancer, bleeding in the stool in colon cancer, difficulty urinating in the
emergence of a palpable nodule in breast cancer or prostate
cancer. The second step usually consists of making a supplementary
test, to confirm the suspicion, can consist of x-ray lung, breast
(mammography), endoscopy or other studies as the analysis of blood,
ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. To
reach the diagnosis of certainty, it is often necessary to take a sample
of the tumor (biopsy), to perform a histological study of the
tissue. There are also some special studies molecular or genetic,
some of which are cited below.