16-11-2016

GROUPS, TEAMS & THEIR

LEADERSHIP
Presented by: Gaurav, Kanchan, Sharath, Sridhar and Vineeth

What is a Group?
A group can be defined as two or more persons who are interacting with one
another in such a manner that each person influences and is influenced by each
other person

The definition incorporates the concept of reciprocal influence between leaders and
followers, an idea considerably different from the one-way nature of influence implicit
in the dictionarys definition of followers.
Group members interact and influence each other.
The definition does not constrain individuals to only one group.

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The Impact of Group Size

The greater number of people in a large versus a small group will affect the
probability that any individual is likely to emerge as leader
As groups become larger, cliques are more likely to develop
Leaders with a large span of control tend to be more directive, spend less time
with individual subordinates, and use more impersonal approaches when influencing
followers
Group size also affects group effectiveness
Process Loss
Social Loafing
Social Facilitation

Developmental Stages of Groups

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Group Roles
Task Roles Relationship Roles
Initiating: defining the problem, Harmonizing: resolving interpersonal
suggesting activities, assigning tasks conflicts, reducing tension
Information seeking: asking questions, Encouraging: supporting and praising
seeking relevant data or views others, showing appreciation for other's
contributions, being warm and friendly
Information sharing: providing data, Gatekeeping: assuring even
offering opinions participation by all group members,
Summarizing: reviewing and integrating making sure that everyone has a
others points, checking for common chance to be heard and that no
understanding and readiness for individual dominates
action
Evaluating: assessing validity of
assumptions, quality of information,
reasonableness of recommendations
Guiding: keeping group on track
Dysfunctional Roles where the persons behaviour serves selfish or egocentric
purposes rather than group purposes by Dominating, Blocking, Attacking and Distracting

Group Norms
Norms are informal rules that groups adopt to regulate and regularise group
members behaviour but do not govern all behaviours, just those the group feels are
important
Facilitate group survival
Simplify or make predictable what behaviour is expected of group members
Help the group avoid embarrassing interpersonal problems
Express central values of the group and clarify what is distinctive about the groups
identity

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Group Cohesion
It is the glue that keeps the group together and is the sum of forces that attract
members to the group, provide resistance to leaving it and motivate them to be
active in it
Sometimes, groups can become so cohesive and block the use of outside resources
that could make them more effective in a phenomenon called Groupthink
Illusion of invulnerability
Unquestioned assumption of the groups morality
Collective rationalization
Self-censorship
Illusion of unanimity
Direct pressure on dissenting members
Mindguards
Ollieism, a variation of Groupthink, is when overzealous group members may
perform illegal actions because they believe it will please their leaders

What is a Team?
A small number of members with shared leadership who perform interdependent jobs
with both individual and group accountability, evaluation, and rewards
Team members usually have a stronger sense of identification among themselves
than group members do
Teams have common goals or tasks
Task interdependence typically is greater with teams than with groups

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Characteristics of Effective Teams

A clear mission and high performance standards
Leaders of effective teams spend considerable amount of time assessing the
technical skills of the team members
After taking stock of available resources and skills, good leaders work to secure
those resources and equipment necessary for team effectiveness
Leaders of effective teams spend a considerable amount of time planning and
organizing in order to make optimal use of available resources, to select new
members with needed technical skills, or to improve needed technical skills of
existing members
High levels of communication
Minimize interpersonal conflicts

Teams vs Groups

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Teams vs Groups cont.

All teams are groups, but not all groups are teams

Organisational Shells

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Ginnetts Team Leadership Model

Virtual Teams
A virtual team (also known as a geographically dispersed team, distributed team,
or remote team) usually refers to a group of individuals who work together from
different geographic locations and rely on communication technology. Powell, Piccoli
and Ives (2004) define virtual teams as "groups of geographically, organizationally
and/or time dispersed workers brought together by information and telecommunication
technologies to accomplish one or more organizational tasks
When designed and constructed properly, might be more effective than in-place
teams by:
Selecting and exploiting diversity for teams benefit
Technology should simulate reality
Leaders must be particularly diligent to hold virtual teams together
Virtual teams require more leadership, not less